II. II. Types of ionsTypes of ionsionic compounds

formed from elements that change

•by losinglosing or or gaininggaining electrons to become more stablestable comcompoundpound.

2 types of ions:

CATCATIONSIONS ANANIONSIONS

  CationsCations

•Ion with + charge, from loss of an electron

Naming:Naming:

•Formed from metallic elements

•same but add the word “ion”.

Al3+ =

Li+ =

Lithium ion

Aluminum ion

AnionsAnions

•Ion with a - charge, from gaining electron

Naming:Naming:

•Formed from nonmetallic elements

•ending change to“-ide” & add “ion”.

P3- =

O2- =

oxide ionphosphide ion

ExamplesExamples

Change in electrons: 1 electron gained

Formula of ion:

Symbol: Br

Br

Bromide ionName of ion:

-

Symbol: Mg

Change in electrons: 2 electrons lost

Formula of ion:Name of ion:

Mg2+

Magnesium ion

  III. 2 III. 2 Types of chemical Types of chemical formulasformulas

Molecular Molecular FormulaFormula

Structural Structural FormulaFormula

H2O water

No arrangement

Shows arrangement

• Diagrams/models -

To show the arrangement of the atoms 3 dimensions -

H HO

What is the Structural What is the Structural Formula for waterFormula for water

Diatomic Molecules

Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2

What does thesubscript 2 represent?

Two atoms!

•Are these molecular or structural formulas?

& NaCl ?Formula UnitFormula Unit

What is aFormula Unit or Empirical Formula Unit or Empirical FormulaFormula

subscripts

reduced!

Na42Cl42 =NaCl

Si2O4 =SiO2

Lowest whole # ratio of ions

Zinc Nitrate, Lithium Flouride, Potassium Nitrate, Magnesium Flouride (Binary?)

Potassium Chloride

AgF

AlBr3

KCl

Aluminum Bromide

Magnesium Chloride MgCl2

Type I - simple

CdF2

ZnF2

Silver Fluoride

Zinc Fluoride

Cadnium Fluoride

SiO2

CO

PCl3

+4

Phosphorus Tri

Chloride Carbon Monoxide

KFAgNO3Ba(NO3)

2

Potassium Flouride

Barium Nitrate

Silver Nitrate

Diphosphorus trioxide

Silicon

Tetrabromide P2O3 SiBr4

CuCO33

FeBr3 SnO(CO3)2-

(Br -)3

O2-

Type III - Prefix

Nomenclature of Inorganic Nomenclature of Inorganic CompoundsCompounds

Cpd.Cpd. namename aqueous aqueous solutionsolution

HFHF hydrogen fluoride hydrofluoric acid hydrogen fluoride hydrofluoric acidHCl hydrogen chloride hydrochloric acidHCl hydrogen chloride hydrochloric acidHBr hydrogen bromide hydrobromic acidHBr hydrogen bromide hydrobromic acidHH22S S You do it!You do it!

Naming of Inorganic CompoundsNaming of Inorganic CompoundsCpd.Cpd. namename aqueous solutionaqueous solution

HFHF hydrogen fluoride hydrofluoric acid hydrogen fluoride hydrofluoric acidHCl hydrogen chloride hydrochloric acidHCl hydrogen chloride hydrochloric acidHBr hydrogen bromide hydrobromic acidHBr hydrogen bromide hydrobromic acidHH22S hydrogen sulfide hydrosulfuric acidS hydrogen sulfide hydrosulfuric acid

Nomenclature of Inorganic CompoundsNomenclature of Inorganic Compounds two nonmetals other than Htwo nonmetals other than H

minimum number of prefixesminimum number of prefixesCOCO carbon monoxidecarbon monoxideCOCO22 carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide

SOSO33 sulfur trioxidesulfur trioxide

OFOF22 You do it!You do it!

Naming of Inorganic CompoundsNaming of Inorganic Compounds two nonmetals other than Htwo nonmetals other than H

minimum number of prefixesminimum number of prefixesCOCO carbon monoxidecarbon monoxideCOCO22 carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide

SOSO33 sulfur trioxidesulfur trioxide

OFOF22 oxygen difluorideoxygen difluoride

PP44OO66 You do it!You do it!

Nomenclature of Inorganic CompoundsNomenclature of Inorganic Compounds two nonmetals other than Htwo nonmetals other than H

minimum number of prefixesminimum number of prefixes COCO carbon monoxidecarbon monoxide COCO22 carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide SOSO33 sulfur trioxidesulfur trioxide OFOF22 oxygen difluorideoxygen difluoride PP44OO66 tetraphosphorus tetraphosphorus

hexoxidehexoxide PP44OO1010 You do it!You do it!

Nomenclature of InorganicNomenclature of Inorganic CompoundsCompounds two nonmetals other than Htwo nonmetals other than H

minimum number of prefixesminimum number of prefixes COCO carbon monoxidecarbon monoxide COCO22 carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide

SOSO33 sulfur trioxidesulfur trioxide

OFOF22 oxygen difluorideoxygen difluoride

PP44OO66 tetraphosphorus hexoxidetetraphosphorus hexoxide

PP44OO1010 tetraphosphorus decoxidetetraphosphorus decoxide