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IPC Notes IPC Notes Types of Bonds Types of Bonds

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Types of Bonding Today we will focus on the 2 main types of bonding: Ionic Bonding & Covalent Bonding

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Page 1: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

IPC NotesIPC NotesTypes of BondsTypes of Bonds

Page 2: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Remember…Remember…Atoms combine by gaining, losing Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable.become chemically stable.

Atoms become chemically stable Atoms become chemically stable by having a full outer shell with 8 by having a full outer shell with 8 valence electrons. (Octet Rule)valence electrons. (Octet Rule)

Page 3: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of BondingTypes of Bonding

Today we will focus on the Today we will focus on the 2 main types of bonding:2 main types of bonding:

Ionic Bonding & Covalent Ionic Bonding & Covalent BondingBonding

Page 4: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Ionic BondingIonic BondingIonic bonds form when a metal Ionic bonds form when a metal and a nonmetal transfer and a nonmetal transfer electrons.electrons.

Remember the octet rule-Remember the octet rule-elements are the most stable elements are the most stable when they have eight valence when they have eight valence electrons in their outer shell.electrons in their outer shell.

Page 5: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Ionic BondingIonic BondingIons are formed by the Ions are formed by the giving and taking of giving and taking of electrons. electrons.

The bond that forms The bond that forms between ions is an between ions is an ionic ionic bondbond..

Page 6: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Ionic BondingIonic BondingElements with only a Elements with only a few valence electrons few valence electrons will give electrons will give electrons away to elements that away to elements that only need a few to only need a few to complete their octet.complete their octet.

Page 7: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Ionic BondingIonic Bonding What is the charge of an What is the charge of an element that loses electrons?element that loses electrons?POSITIVEPOSITIVE

What is the charge of an What is the charge of an element that gains electrons?element that gains electrons?NEGATIVENEGATIVE

Page 8: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Ionic BondingIonic BondingWe can use electron dot We can use electron dot diagrams to illustrate the diagrams to illustrate the gaining and losing of gaining and losing of electrons in an ionic bond.electrons in an ionic bond.

When complete, the When complete, the resulting diagram shows resulting diagram shows the ratio of the elements the ratio of the elements in the compound.in the compound.

Page 9: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

potassium & potassium & chlorinechlorine

Page 10: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

calcium & chlorinecalcium & chlorine

Page 11: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

aluminum & aluminum & oxygenoxygen

Page 12: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

magnesium & magnesium & sulfursulfur

Page 13: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

sodium & oxygensodium & oxygen

Page 14: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

aluminum & aluminum & nitrogennitrogen

Page 15: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Covalent BondingCovalent Bonding

Covalent bonds form when Covalent bonds form when two nonmetals share two nonmetals share electrons.electrons.

You will learn to draw You will learn to draw covalent bonding diagrams covalent bonding diagrams in Chemistry next year.in Chemistry next year.

Page 16: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Sulfur & OxygenSulfur & Oxygen

COVALENTCOVALENT

Page 17: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Sodium & OxygenSodium & Oxygen

IONICIONIC

Page 18: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Aluminum & ChlorineAluminum & Chlorine

IONICIONIC

Page 19: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Chlorine & SulfurChlorine & Sulfur

COVALENTCOVALENT

Page 20: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Magnesium & SulfurMagnesium & Sulfur

IONICIONIC

Page 21: IPC Notes Types of Bonds. Remember… Atoms combine by gaining, losing or sharing electrons in order to become chemically stable. Atoms become chemically

Types of Bonding Types of Bonding PracticePractice

Identify the following as either Identify the following as either an ionic or covalent bond:an ionic or covalent bond:

Beryllium & PhosphorusBeryllium & Phosphorus

IONICIONIC


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