Impact of “application empowered” networks

> The semi-conductor revolution reduced CAPEX and OPEX costs for main frame computer

> But its biggest impact was not on main frame computer but allowing the creation of mini-computers, PCs, mobile phones, etc

> In the 1960’s computing was a “service” like telecom is today– Large mainframes leased by companies like IBM– It was inconceivable that an individual could own a computer

> The same revolution may be about to happen to optical networking as with semi-conductor because of low cost optics– Yes it will make networks cheaper for carriers to operate– But the real revolution is in allowing us to think of new network

models and architectures e.g– Application empowered networks, customer controlled networks,

overlay networks, etc

CA*net 4 is NOT an optical network

> CA*net 4 is made up of many parallel application empowered or customer empowered specific networks eg:– Computer back planes (Westgrid)– High energy physics network

> It extends the Internet 2 architecture of GigaPOPs connecting a small number of R&E institutions to a much finer scale with many parallel “application empowered” Internet 2 like networks connecting individual researchers and/or applications– With added feature that the application or user can dynamically manage

their own IP network topology– Application empowered networks peer with each other at GigaPOPs and at

optical switches which provides for greater reliability> The CA*net 4 wavelengths and switches are partitioned such that

application empowered networks can control their own partition and incorporate alarms, topology and discovery into their IP network– New ITU draft standard – Y.1312 - Layer 1 VPNs

Drivers for application empowered networks -1

> Distributed back planes between HPC Grid centers– Westgrid 1 GbE moving to 10 GbE– SHARCnet 10 GbE

> Distributed Single Mount file systems – Yotta, Yotta - SGI– Needs very consistent performance and throughput to truly act as a

back plane– Frequent topology changes to meet needs of specific applications– Demonstrated 5 Gbps at SC 2003

> Canada ATLAS – 980 Gbytes FCAL data once a month from CERN to Carleton U, UoAlberta, UoArizona, etc– Will significantly increase to Terabytes when production runs start– Would take over 80 days on IP R&E network

> CERN Low level trigger data to UoAlberta with GARDEN– Initially streaming data rates 1 Gbps moving to 10Gbps later in

the year> Canadian virtual observatory

– .5 Tbyte per day to UoToronto and UoHawaii– 250 Mbps continuous streaming from CCD devices

> Neptune – Canada (and US?) under sea laboratory – multiple HDTV cameras and sensors on sea floor

> Canada Light Source Synchrotron – remote streaming of data acquisition to UoAlberta – 2 to 5 Gbps continuously

> Canadian remote Nano and micro electronics laboratories

Drivers for application empowered networks - 2

A VPN alternative to GMPLSLayer 1 VPNs

> Allows customer to create “customer owned and managed” networks with resource heterogeneity

> Integration of wavelengths and dark fiber from different carriers> Customers can manage their own restoral and protection schemes> Customer can create daughter VPNs and offer to other users> Customer can autonomously connect VPNs with other third

parties> Customer does “traffic engineering”

Enables new network architectures

> Eliminate expensive high end routers and replace them with partial mesh of lightpaths between edge routers and servers– But circuits are NOT intended to replace packet networks

> Extend the Internet end to end principle to the topology layer– The success of the Internet is largely attributable to the classic e2e

principle where control is at the edge– Users can now control topology as well as applications– Allowed development of exciting new applications or services

> Many exciting new overlay networks – Knowledgeplane– Oceanstore, Chord– PlanetLab

> Application empowered networks allow overlay network to optimized “underlay” topology– Customer controlled traffic engineering

Question 3

The GigaPOP concept

Abilene

CommodityInternet

vBNS

University

University

University

University

University

University

GigaPOP GigaPOP

CA*net 4 == Internet 3?

Abilene

CommodityInternet

vBNS

University

University

University

CERN

University

UniversityGigaPOP GigaPOP

UltraLight

eVBLI

Dept

Hypothetical UltraLight Config

CERN

GigaPOPGigaPOP

Caltech

UltraLight

User controlled traffic engineering

Gov’t Funding

> Governments are increasingly unlikely to fund general purpose IP research networks– General purpose IP research networks are large vectors for DOS

attacks and music/video file sharing

> They want to see a stronger coupling between the network and specific research activity

> Many new research applications have data flows that dwarf the general purpose IP R&E network

> Application empowered networks will be discipline or application specific e.g. Ultralight, e-VBLI