Imperialism and Imperialism and ProgressivismProgressivism

Ch. 8 & 9Ch. 8 & 9

Write your answer in complete Write your answer in complete sentences on your papersentences on your paper

What does the word progress mean? Give an example of progress you see

today in government of your everyday life.

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

Essential Question # 14: Analyze a political cartoon that portrays the controversial aspects of the Gilded Age.

Essential Question: # 17: Determine the progress of political and social reform in America during the Progressive Era including but not limited to Women’s Suffrage, food and drug regulation, initiative, referendum, recall, protection of workers’ rights, antitrust legislation, and muckrakers.

Muckrakers Jon BunyanJon Bunyan

Wrote Wrote Pilgrim's ProgressPilgrim's Progress Came up with term Came up with term

muckrakingmuckraking

Upton Sinclair Wrote Wrote The Jungle Exposed unsanitary work Exposed unsanitary work

conditions in meat packing conditions in meat packing industryindustry

Ida TarbellIda Tarbell Wrote Wrote History of Standard History of Standard

Oil CompanyOil Company Exposed the dangers of Exposed the dangers of

monopoliesmonopolies

Teddy RooseveltTeddy RooseveltPresident that changed govt. President that changed govt.

regulationregulation

Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony First woman to vote-First woman to vote-

arrested, never prosecutedarrested, never prosecuted

Yellow JournalismYellow Journalism Writing false or Writing false or

sensationalized stories to sensationalized stories to sell newspaperssell newspapers

William Randolph William Randolph HearstHearst

Editor of San Francisco Editor of San Francisco ExaminerExaminer

Pair up and discuss the Pair up and discuss the following questions.following questions.

How did Muckrakers change society? How did they accomplish their goal? Give

a specific example. Write your answer in 2-3 sentences.

Municipal ReformsMunicipal Reforms

CommissionCommission Administrators ran the govt.Administrators ran the govt. Organized in Galveston, TX after 1900 Organized in Galveston, TX after 1900

hurricanehurricane Council-managerCouncil-manager

Elected council which sets laws and appoints Elected council which sets laws and appoints a city manager to run city services.a city manager to run city services.

Instituted in Dayton after great flood killed 360 Instituted in Dayton after great flood killed 360 people in 1913.people in 1913.

State ReformsState Reforms

Direct PrimaryDirect Primary Movement from party Movement from party

leaders choosing leaders choosing candidates to voters.candidates to voters.

1717thth Amendment Amendment Passed in 1917Passed in 1917 U.S. Senators elected by U.S. Senators elected by

public, not legislature.public, not legislature.

InitiativeInitiative Voters can propose new Voters can propose new

laws, not just legislature.laws, not just legislature.

ReferendumReferendum Voters get to vote on bills Voters get to vote on bills

directly, not just legislature.directly, not just legislature.

RecallRecall Voters can remove elected Voters can remove elected

officials before next vote.officials before next vote.

Important Court CasesImportant Court Cases

Lochmer v. New York-1905Lochmer v. New York-1905 SC struck down law for maximum hours for bakers.SC struck down law for maximum hours for bakers. SC stated the state does not have the right to SC stated the state does not have the right to

interfere with individual rights to make contracts.interfere with individual rights to make contracts. Not violation of public health. Not violation of public health.

Muller v. Oregon-1908Muller v. Oregon-1908 SC upheld limited hours for female workers in SC upheld limited hours for female workers in

laundry.laundry. National Consumers League showed scientific data National Consumers League showed scientific data

that demonstrated long work hours adversely affected that demonstrated long work hours adversely affected their health.their health.

ResultsResults

Minimum WageMinimum Wage Massachusetts in 1912Massachusetts in 1912 Florence KelleyFlorence Kelley

Child Labor LawsChild Labor Laws Abolished child labor by 1907Abolished child labor by 1907 Children under the age of 14Children under the age of 14

Move to your Satellite Groups Move to your Satellite Groups and answer the following and answer the following

questionsquestions Red: Discuss one problem you see in Red: Discuss one problem you see in

today’s schools.today’s schools. Blue: How would a muckraker expose that Blue: How would a muckraker expose that

problem to the general public?problem to the general public? White: Create a solution to your problem.White: Create a solution to your problem.

Write your answers in 3-5 complete Write your answers in 3-5 complete sentences on one sheet of paper.sentences on one sheet of paper.

Federal ReformFederal Reform

RooseveltRoosevelt Square DealSquare Deal Bully pulpitBully pulpit

• An ideal platform to guide Americans to moral An ideal platform to guide Americans to moral causescauses

1906 Hepburn Act1906 Hepburn Act Gave strong enforcement powers to ICCGave strong enforcement powers to ICC

Pure Food and Drug Act-1906Pure Food and Drug Act-1906 Meat Inspection Act-1906Meat Inspection Act-1906

Clayton Antitrust ActClayton Antitrust Act 1914 Passed by Congress with Wilson’s urging 1914 Passed by Congress with Wilson’s urging

to strengthen the Sherman Anti-trust Act.to strengthen the Sherman Anti-trust Act. Outlawed any combination of companies that restricted Outlawed any combination of companies that restricted

interstate commerceinterstate commerce Legalized UnionsLegalized Unions Federal Trade Commission created to regulate Federal Trade Commission created to regulate

(FTC)(FTC) Spelled out specific activities businesses could Spelled out specific activities businesses could

not do.not do. Could not prevent their buyers from buying from competitors.Could not prevent their buyers from buying from competitors. Holding companies designed to create monopolies were outlawed.Holding companies designed to create monopolies were outlawed. Price cutting outlawedPrice cutting outlawed Some rebates stoppedSome rebates stopped

Progressivist ViewsProgressivist Views

Opposed governmental control of business Opposed governmental control of business except for essential types like water, gas, etc.except for essential types like water, gas, etc.

Govt. responsibility to welfare of public.Govt. responsibility to welfare of public. Govt. ran by professionals, planned by experts Govt. ran by professionals, planned by experts

and academics.and academics. Minimum standard of livingMinimum standard of living

UnemploymentUnemployment Accident and health insuranceAccident and health insurance Social security for disabled and elderlySocial security for disabled and elderly

Rise of ImperialismRise of Imperialism Economic factorsEconomic factors

Growth of industry required need for natural resources and new Growth of industry required need for natural resources and new markets to sell goods.markets to sell goods.

Nationalistic FactorsNationalistic Factors Need to expand a countries own ideals. Many simply expanded Need to expand a countries own ideals. Many simply expanded

to keep pace with other countries.to keep pace with other countries. Military factorsMilitary factors

Technology was more advanced in established countries.Technology was more advanced in established countries. Humanitarian factorsHumanitarian factors

Colonial officials believed that they had a duty to expand Colonial officials believed that they had a duty to expand Western civilization to needy (law, religion, medicine)Western civilization to needy (law, religion, medicine)

Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine Doctrine declaring the US neutral in all foreign affairs Doctrine declaring the US neutral in all foreign affairs

and protect the Western hemisphere from colonization.and protect the Western hemisphere from colonization. Seward’s FolleySeward’s Folley

Secretary of State, William Seward bought Alaska from Russia Secretary of State, William Seward bought Alaska from Russia hoping that American presence would drive out British from hoping that American presence would drive out British from Canada.Canada.

Many American believed this to be an unwise move due to the Many American believed this to be an unwise move due to the area being covered in ice and Walruses.area being covered in ice and Walruses.

Americans were educated by government to Alaka’s rich Americans were educated by government to Alaka’s rich resources.resources.

American ExpansionAmerican Expansion Economic GrowthEconomic Growth

Need for markets beyond America.Need for markets beyond America. American Way of LifeAmerican Way of Life

Meant protecting it’s economic interests.Meant protecting it’s economic interests. Built and maintained a navy to protect overseas trade.Built and maintained a navy to protect overseas trade.

• Cpt. Alfred Mahan-1890 Cpt. Alfred Mahan-1890 The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.

American SpiritAmerican Spirit Americans needed a mission.Americans needed a mission. Social Darwinism-the fittest surviveSocial Darwinism-the fittest survive