in'~. ilil'ili review · 2021. 1. 21. · _1." .... .. ~, _ ' .~ ,,~ ... •

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___ REVIEW

____ REVIEW

Coateau Volume 111 • I •• ue 1

I .... 0. ......... .. Updlll~ un 1-"1""1 Apl"1Io1 Fnaud Oplnlo"" on Chil Scn1t.~ Wfo'fon" PrOjJOllCd GAO l'cr!lQnncl S)'lih"m Schctlulc Flexing Vlc torv rur Ufo: GAO;:, Tn (h'CrKC Anny '\ Wlll

4 0. La •• U •• Communicate wtt h 1110: Iluncllo.:IIIlIl,e,1I In len lll ilolllil Confer .. " ;:c on !'lIhlte :'olllnugl"lIcnt

• .& " ........ tI •• Ge .... Gate-TIl. 1Ia ....... a. •• ......... 0 ....

I. A"a ....... tAt G ......... A ...... ., At-ea •• til ... ... JanlCIi H. Ihunthon

UI A ...... &.I.rI ••• A. o..rrle. Nu l Curlin

II .. ,. •••• , P.M., ......... 11..4 JI.r..,. ...... 1 .......... " Elmer 11, SIIIoIl III

•• ..... n,... JIU ............... A..I ••• ll GA.O· .. ... j_me" I hllcher

•• ", £ar 1_ ... _ .... B .. " .. 11m Mltrk \' Nlklci

.. Perf.. '-n _"r.hah_A.. O.,.rt .... ,. f ... ............ •• ...... t I lyman L. Krieg ... ,

.7 Perf.. • ... A". he" ft. TIdrt_ •• 1I ' •••• .......... WlIllilm It Iku_'

liAu ....... , .. -.,_ I

(;oateat. 4. • ...... 1 ... I .......... ~ .tI .... " P .... tJaI

0 ...... 1_11 •• I. til. F .. t •• (Are p .......... P.G. O.,W)'ler and T.L ~ I II"

44 A a.porf oa ..... h.I ••• , •• Ad ......... ,. ..... " Hlchllnl A. ~kGeary

47 H ......... 11. BarrI .... to IErr •• tJ •• ':o __ •• I •• tl.a Ilunflue r. An'lcyru

.. ...... '.t.I .......... 10 ...... Judith IIl1l1er

•• R.n .. tI ••• Jo (:h,rk

•• GA.O 8taff ell_ •••

a.. :1_. " .. " JI. __ ,..

•• Prof ........ Aetlritl ••

.. B.ok_-" Frank i( u~"

.'

11 ...... _ ..... t -.. ,_ ....... III ,lie II,,, • monlh. tinea II.

lIIe,pllOt! 'n J~ lire. , hit GAO ,,~ T .... FOfCe HotU ... I~ ' .!!GO -''-O.,IotI. willen 'lIQul..a c~.'IIuI_ .. to "'-' ..... 11'. ~y III\CI P'OO"'" 1n1OOl'4d _ IIM'9'aptlic ~11on. The HolI! ... "10 ,-'"0 "*" 01_ calt. thlll ... ~..... to Of'" ,..,.,.. tOMe'" 0< SI.'I 0< local ottlc.~.

01 llie . , 12$ call' .!'I ido _ to ....... __ lIiIQ lor ...... , .. III'l ion 01 _I, .tloul 3!i I*'CWI ... In IIIe wm'''''''''Olmetllw cal ... gory • • fti .. tile ...... " ,,.. M _ . c.." j, .... lII'-OMioMl _ 10 tMolv. 1'"I"lIonll .rongdolng. , ..... 1110111l0iii _ nol Mml,., 10 ... ,lNIflicul« O..,."P or ~ic 101:.110" 'llty II, .. h.¥OI_ ,,,. 'und. 01 ~ _ 01 11M "CAbI. MI OtI*I ...... ,. of 'N J~III OO-n ...... ' III\CI IMOI .. acliwlly In wI,ninGton, 0 C tnd II' 50 MOM

""''' __ 0''' h ••••• •• 1 ....

MIICfI .... .,.." wrill ........ ,"CMI s.rnc. "-Iorm Ad 01 1m wfllCtI 1' .... 10<...., ,,,. CIwlI ~ OOoNnlqlon ,nto Ifle 0If1c:. 01 ~0MfI "lOll g -...1 ... Wert! I'.' ..... Protection 1oMd. ,~ .:, In'rIM.., , ....0!09 01 ..... tll InOI , tile Senior h tcutn. ~ and IIIe upcoming 101«11 Ply ".1.-01. In lOll 01101'1 10 CIet,,/nIr.. whIIl IhoM _ , ctinocl ly "''''.... IIIougnI _ , .. , 11'111. , • ., It...... Sf-. Un .... tlt' '.cull, _berI ...,. ~ 2.1'00 c... 'ediol ...... ,,- 101 t.... OS-U IfWOuOII " ....... 'tie 1,201 vw1IMo11 __ _,,.., 1II\CI1"'8~1I1oi1ow.

"" ............. con~ t'.a 1 ... ,ICII1M1 .:,,... COIoc.<" -'''' , lito ... __ • It I""OIkoMlon • •

GeI-"'t '1'18 _1 I' ppn hom ,.. .. ... ,_ •• ,.. NI _ • ,_, ttMllIII . 1111 0IceII' .... \t8. hO" ~ 'H"III _ NitIKIIfI9 _ ..... ~ SI.ty·_ pen:MI ~

'110. ~I"II bel ...... 'III, -'It til'- ..we. .... .....,. W,*, It ~ to _Iletioll ,_ , , .. a.u ....... /._,_

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,_ .... te"' .... IIooIcI oIew ........ .., to IWM" IICtof _~

OIII~ 20 r-c ... ' 1IItI~ ,~ F-." ..... ..., ... ""Ion. ahoulel _ aoW '"",11'"""0" riIIIIIt ,*UIII" ... 1141"'-':' . -..d '" PWUI'II ~-...a IlIIIt orQoMIl ....... (II~ _lei rIO( N .110"" 10 llri1o • . ,_ .. ~ __ . 11OIIII1y

IUPPOITI.... 01 • III'lQ[tH fWW.dl I~II''''' a ...... I' . ..... " ",'UII' .- -'III I" law 11'181 • __ 11" __ I 001II ~ AIINNI 11 J*' eM! of , .... _u _,It bel ..... 11'181 ' ..... eoIIIcI l1l'i _* ,..Ior· "*'" , __ 11(140, ... II d"ltc •• tIoorwy ...., ..... __ ..... 1ebII 10

..... a I . All _"""".00 I*' _ '191 19' I WOUld 'Ik. to _ I 1-,11' '1'004111011'<, ... , IIK! 10 '

....... 0'" A I""~ IItIll ""~' 01 ~

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dlnl •• no uId """ NIl !MOW ..... ill"", to '1M NI_ ... a el" .... .,... itICI • Il1O'* ..... 01 .... P1*I 101 NI_ ilIon. """" l1'li 71 ~ .no Old not piII1lclC*to, ,.,.. _ 1l'I0I"I Il0l. , .... wll ila ~. _ lOOt _ , . .. : , "'" ,lie ~ .. III tItIrOO .owl t .... "'Jcllne, _ eI'tel'-- 10 dwINol .,., 11._ ponMl', , .... taeII 01 IVCIPOI'I II _ lliOII -..11 '0 ~" It 10 I,.IUN

ThoM wfIo woft lot 109 , .....

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•• te .. l1_ "'-'CI1t\iI'0 'hl lIud, "" ... , N Il0l"11 • fOOd)oo EIOI'I',.. .. m I*UIII IIIICI • --.. ,_~ ...... al ,11.10 '''DOnII"" ... HI_y. , ....... __ I 61"", _ _ 1111 , ....

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Pr ........ G.t.O P ..... _IIIr ....

" llll-4laoc ...... l1li100.111 .. IonII • _ .mlc.ll1IIO'I"'" to GAO . ...... et .. , ..... ~. of "" 1'71 CMI 5IrooIct Aatotm Aet. MKIi .. IlION ~ 10 1M s..- £.0 __

s..-. _iDIo •• .., did IlOl """" 10 GAO. 11'1 lac •• ,,,. 0.... "",,,. OOIo:to ... _ ... Act 01 ,,,,

IM."- 511111111 _'II iICI 10 ...... "" • "'-con ... ,,*, IlllIOON'" .~_ lor OAO _ __ ~t 10 NgIio

III. or -NJiN OJ '1'18 omc. 01 "- ................. _ . IOf'MI 01 01 ........ ' If •• r.-" 1oJIIIIC .... AI ~ """" ...... --. wIIIN ,""" ..... balM 110 cIoc_ .. _ of ....... _ ...- IIIae.I

OIl .... GAO '" _ 01"" 1*100 .... ;1 , ... 01 >ICe ... ... "'" ...-

... _ 00\IIcI 1110.- tuCII _. 10

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whIdI tie 1* ..... 01 ...... 10 '*M" GAO 10 .... _ .... lItIndi choIt Mf'Iict 1oJIIIIC ....

n- _*"- bill !M" I _ 11'18 DMI: ........ 1 .... """'. ~ , .... ..... ..,.,.. 01 GAO. tit cometII_ III ..... _loll 01 • GAO ,...." .... A~. Ioaro, wIIldI ...,.., !'lendII' .,..., 1101" ....c.II IIIMI ... II -'-'" 1Cl1on • • ptOIIlbi'lCI_ ".. PNd'-. IIf\Ioft .-tiona, ..

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' .. ,... ....... 0 ... 01 bWQII!nlrO I0Il11 • • .... , .. , .. ~ jlfK'1Ut and dlt(fllll'" ... 11OfI cOIIIo', lr". h_llIony. IN OAO , .. _.... AIIIINI. IoaId ~IK" 1M M.n, Syl'''''. , ,,,. IK llon Board. ,,.. 0I11c. 04 ...... _ .... 1IIt .......... I . I .... ,..,.. .. labo< "-Iatlon. Aulllo.II, and 1M Ellul' EIIIII'Orlll .'" 011110'1"''' ' '' COI!IIIIIIIIon • •• _Iic..,.. ,"COIIIIIII,," II_" I'" 80.0 10 ret .. '0 cHlC l.1ont ot ,_ IOf'II' cln lOt ou~. ",. 0,1,0 a-.I .. m _ I 9"*'11 cou..... .."" .. ," K I I .. ollie' 04 'hi SPIC'" Co\III'" 10 'III MSPII . I" U. II.... '110 ,Nt GAO _ 1110,.- ..ral .. '" r\oIIlI .....,.,.0 Dr _pIoofwt In IN •• M:Uln.-~ nile tlw'''"0 'III COIIlliel 01 101M. "" COI!IIIIOOIIfr a.-.t """".... 'III l0l0-0. l1li1 IIIUtI c'-"I lrom lis" 01 ..-odat .. ..,_I!l1Id " 0f0III1-,atton. COIIIIIOIfCI ",I_II, ot III-d,oldu.l ••• ",,1tnUOuOlI GAO _pIoofwt --'tI De ,.,00«<1 'rom ,,.. •• KIII .... "'_ ~ 1Ml\tltel1e . ...... _ ...... ,_ ........... . ,_ .... CUt ..... and ... Ollal"" • ,11_ 11\ tIC! . GAO _~ would .....,.. .. _ 'M eM! __ IfIct 'MW-I .,11 __ *-'" De fllg l!)le lor 1M ....,. med1cat and 1I 'lIbIh', .... '" 'III lIlY 04 0 "'0 .... pIO~ .. .,..1eI De Jdjulltd ., ,fie ...... IIIN and to ' hi ...... • • , ... , .. l1l"I' "'_ ' 1'01 Qenff.k.MO\Ilf 'III COmIllOOl'W 0.-._let C'"'' I SMIOI' bICUII .. s.rt0Cl IIf'Id " • .oHIII • pwtOt· _ _"Utl 'r'!- wI\Icl'I ..-"" '0 'hi pt. 01 IhI e M! s.rnc:. ~_ Act A . ,,,..,.

COII. III ... , .. 1111 'III eu ..... ' .,11_ of ",fI.....ce lOt ...... _ lINd '" 'III " K Uln.- "' __ lei 1110 OIl onlgMd 'M ~ 110"" ,Ion eI.o lIfOI'idH tor '' '' till .. • CNIIO' ot lIfIOIcy_ 1IIt_ tIw •• lCu,n.- DrIf'Kl'l and _ GAO

W..... IlIra Driff dHCriOIlon ot , .... DIfI ott ... 1119fI11OI'>I" II It fIOI m.,n' 10 III (011111 .. 11 .... 1 .. RtIIdIn e¥t "'" 10 1111 HOII .. AeIIOt1 Ot , ... Cktoblt I. 'I". I .. ",. 01 'III -0,1,0 M .......... I N_.· ,Ot IIddlllo ... , d"I" • • F",'UII I ... ," 0 ' 1111 • .....,;e .... III conlai ..

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I .. ' .. a'''9 .. 1111 n l II"" '"1on .. ""_'1011' fOtIICY . 0,1,0 11M allO dHlOlIIII •• yll_ tor monl,oritIiI _ ... "111''''1 1/11 PFOfoo- G,IIO". atllUl ot In ........ """"' .. 1+1 ~ __ Illy fIPOtI. t_ 'III

......1Iont and o/'lUt dtNIIlng wi'" IUCI'I _I ..... cIIangtIln -...I ...., IOCII ..... _ . etllcl 01\

IIfOIIUCT''';" Ot fllJc:iIoW;r 01 GMt. ,_. and InI(r;IcIl 01\ tuClI ,1M"". _ IVlillDllily of 111\1 10 __ ~ .... Ionll COII'IC" . .... pIOyft _ .... itIId local I~ _II

Till COftCIIII 01 ,".ttllI wOtl\ "'O Il0\l'' (ot .... Oitc .... .., In 1_' 01 U'III - I -d.,. ..."., ....... '1 II fIOI ...... Q'" to 'III ,_" oo-Y<_ I .. • _, IIfIkll In HllttI'" ..... _

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1I'lm • • l'I le M 'Mlulred ' .. 1 ..... ' ''I, COf'I(Iil l(ln "," not un'Que lo 5 FRO: III ..... ~1OfI. and t .... Wash l"'D lon " 1 .... IOf'. lacldl'" _ IIfObllnll. Bill Con •• n:ly', . l1l>11ln.menl II ' eglorlll ~ 1~11ed I ... "" !OCIUCIIOfl or " 1II'1I1c:an1 cl'langa dUlg"eG ' 0 Imll/o .. 8 FFlO', .!)II,' y to ..... 1 1I_ 1.'POnl;O;I;,'"

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con'.1I! Il'IfOIIOII 11 .... " 1"11 r ill , ... tlil_ll jOO 1'I.e<"Cl'ly. 'n .I'tk;I'I, ... 100 IU08 ... ;1001 II' ..... ' ... I III.n and WlIOIdlfll'U c:alr\eCI II 0111 . Qa'O'II ... y 10 PIf'I lcl lNlli ... loti m_ aQIIfI"" StI" _oeo ......... . cO' ''lIGeG 10 PIIrtlC IPIIII In job pI ..... lng. Nen ........ _ IIG'-" 10 oe<fOfm , _ ,lie 119 ...... 1 01 , .... lOtI and .11 .... " ICl;OIJn.lbI. lor cornOlltlon 01 , .... , M!;IIIIIII I 5ull8<' ,,1Of't' s,. U IMIIIbIr. __ 'ftOOIIo .'b" I", Inlll.lng I .... ' lunlot ... u 'lICeI'fId on ·' ..... 1OD ".Inlng .1>11

~--, _ ".. p!'0I0fCI B,II Con<_~ III IDle IltOO1'1l1 . The ItcI'Inlo .... Inti IlfOQ' __ I'll Inl'odUCeG II. o.llc: 10 lI.e 'eam. COIICeIII and I". PrOjecl Pllnn' lIG and MIf\IIgOImInI ApPfOlC" IPPMA j 'eclnlly -'Pili'" by OAO Becau .. 0 1 1" 1. Mhqd .. ... . " SFRO .. _ Ing ,.".ldly In 11'11 \iM 0 1 , ...... .nd PPMA

T_ ... ' .......... ..

It " B,II Conl.'tI~'1 phHOICJ9/Iw ' .... 1 -v 11'00 ....... 1ft OPi)Oi'Iun· Ity 51"1'10'. WOfItIoad c.at\ 1II0'ftcII • _lefy 01 pt!pOf1 .... 1' ... lor all .. . 11 membel' . R" " 0nll tl IlIl IU .. II I conll ..... 10 1nC_ ancI WOfIt ... Ul con"_ 10 De c:I>Il le<>g'ng . 011 ... ,,,,,,," 1..g. I nd gene<"I~ ...... 0-Ing SFRO . ,n • • • aI.'~ '. De 110 _ 101' 11'10" wI'IOM ..-;1'1 dOlI not I.C-ed ,"-'< g .... " . bul 1l'I0II .. 1'10 I.k, 19 bel ... ed m.y lind II , good p!ace 10 be

IU U ...... / . .... . 1_

I •

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'lAU 11 ..... / .. , .... liJllO •• . I ,

jlllllell R . Uamllion

v. _ • • _-.~ . ............. .. "_ .. _a....... tIe_ .... .... . .. _ ....... __ '~ !IW ~'"

w'sJIOnIj''''' v_, •. " 11K ....... Jwn _ _ .., .. _ .. . _ ... '" La'" _ " ............ "" , _ '" IN, _ '''''II'KtlCft _ "_II'OV"""

I.

Appro.ehe.to Goyerameat A.dltlag Aro_d the World Till' "I/e"', l"- lIfflt I,. • ,..rI • • ,/ ,ffle,.. Cit. fHOf"'" ."'H· 11011. -.e.IIH II /HIII,.. /"""" 110,..' ."011 .. ''''pM,I, ,. 011 ''"'/tl", • • , _., otll., CO l/II· ,tie, 110 JIm. ".,.,.11011.

SIIII,.ma Alldil ' "lInlillon . ,SA"I . '1'<:11 •• , .... 0..-111 Ac· eo<I~""9 OIta . carry OUI ....... , 01 ,_,kill •. W . ... . _U, .. " " '" ''''011 '"'' GIo O am II"''''''' , ........ , f"~' o. lill.,.,; ... comp ••• nc • . econom, and . n!cl_,. .l1li IItot;l,.m ,.I ull • • Ho ......... . N . mpll .... ot SA ••• fOUIIII HI ... 01 '0 •• o uen .. mlll<llo.n .ftl, 01 Glnet lunc, lonl , .. htch " r>QI! hom 11\111· ~...,. ..... I«OUnhno aell"'''", '0 ptO'Oto.f\O oftlcll", t>lndl~ '-'IiII ~nIOll' and cIeI"",lnlno IIOCOUft,IMM"', of M'1e ofllc"'''. PIIllIl/lf\O UWH 'unc'lon. _I ............ "111 • • II an,. time lor ,Welenc, • "OU. 0, ptOllfllm , -.I".tion . 1h,0II;'" .hI \'Hit .N !eO'.,,, ..... !wo .. O'kl1!"ecI ml .. , .peell!c lunc· lion. '0 SA.,.uc" .. pr ior .nO /OI poll 101If_' 01 InOMO ... , llnan· ell. IflnuocUOII. 01 . '.cuU ... "III'>-, ...

rM dl • .,.,I" 1mOfI" .... ~ .. Io\.I. '1)pf0lC,," 1111;.wt'l<Ilor SA .. ..... ,It rool. In 'M o,"",oenc- 01 <:"lIufl' . pollllc. ,. and _Ie . , ,, ..... 01 lilt ... offlI. n 1110 ..... 10 110 w.,11 , ... evoIu,1on o •• "" ,"t, o. ' M .rt o' modttn man~, _ lI<:C:ounllll!U' , . GI .. "tell GAO NI, bIIt't • Pin. MO.l ..... av'" INII tome 'orm 01 .. n,lorm IIO'IItn· """' .~n' ln, an(! .....,'lInll"_ 0Ifd. mull be ~ 10 '0.1 ... .", 9 ' _111 o. ,lie 1,.,_1ontI ....", <:omm .... I.., . Tile btMtll1 In .... m. at bel'" ~MIon and unOttlltndl"'1l tmOnII"""ll organ l-1.11on • • nd oo-n ...... 11 w ilt """. , ..... UM .. onll .. .., ... .

AI ,lie _ II .... . ... , tI~. mUll allo .. 101' tile Mld ll and ~Inll nMO. pec: .. II. 10 _II _I .. ,... _ Ic. 101:111. IIId pot"1uI .1I .. lIl1)n and .,. o' 0I0III0_1. Witll ,III. III mlnd_

••

e ... . . pIOre tome 01 ,II, I" ... 01 OIIIIoIlI1j .... 0 I .. ,,, .. ca'~1I1on

tNl' ClIO '"11 baM"" 'or eael\ SA. .nd 1IO'Oe<nm.,., Inoo ......

JI_,OIn __ •• ..._ .... . SA' ' ....... I Ion. flllf' lrom .~_

0." .. , or-audill Iftd tdluodlaoUon 01 nnanct.! aecounlt 01 public: 0I11c .... ' 0 , ... __ '''III'' wn--cepit 01 •• t ...... II_I" toIdit • • _, lind tltlc"",,, ,,,," •• .nd IHOIIf,", .. 1Iu.t11on. L .. •• _ KfllJl ..... , ,,., hftt mo., com· mon" bien mllndlll<l b, nil l1li1, • '"1111 or ''''' .. aeuU ...

bpendl, ..,... p/MlllliI: T ... SAl •• _in .. , .... ooe:_I .. ion tOf • tPIC;11c: •• pend" """ ...-' by • IIO""W"mtnl oflklll l ........... 10 __ ..... INI " mMI. ''''' II1II1(:1111 '1111/1""",,1 • • 1/ II mMI. , .... ""-' ,1Q .. 1"""",11I ,..1I1c11on • • , .... S .... .PPlo .... ,1>1 " "'111<:1I0Il .

VOUdIIt .udlt: SImI .... to , .... "pendllu .. pfMud" b .. , , ... S .... ........ ,lie OOC um.,.IIIIon lor <:o mlllf.n ~ •• rte' tile l 'n.n<:I . , 1 •• " MClIon i . mtdt.

AdludiQIllIQ account.'il, of pull'lc ottl~III.: '1' '"""Ii' o;ounlriH wI'tIcn _e • "'" GI , .... Frenc:l'I. Sc:anl&l'l . crt PonIl9U'M colonial ".Iem. Ille SAIl. c:tll1<1 , .... "Coli" 01 A«ounll.- Tile toIdltcrt genttat I, In lael , .... 11 ... 1_, o •• PIIM" 01 luo;.. .hlc:II "'Iudlcate NGh lI_n ...... ' 0111<:111 wllo NI. ,..pon.,b"", lor • lIo_n ...... ' 1tX000n' I ' )' Aller ,1>1 end 01 , ... c:tltndlr 01 11tca1 ,_ Mell mini. 11'1 MAd. 10 , .... COun 01 Aeeounll lit 11_111 .-cit lor ,hl, Judlclll II'riIw PI_ .

Finane'" toIdllt: fOoll ludill 01 ..... aet»\lftll 01 • (10"""""" orll""Ltllion crt Com""",,1 ae' lvII, Iftd i" ~. on 'M ..... tt. 0 ' ttl I1fWnclal optt.llon. _ • pttIod of tI..... TIInt 1IId1" <:an be c:trTt.d oul lor .11I0Il. ClUfp6MI. The mo • • tommon .,. IOf

• dtt"",I..tno compllattce .. I," I ........ :

G,4.tI . ...... ' ....... , _

·~ .. minlng ~ompl"nc . .. 'I" 01 .... ~I fftlrlcllOll. OIl .1-n...cla! Ope<a1iOll' Of~, .. g .

' ''HIII .. g Oy .. ,.rldlng ~"Iml "IIlI,nll lhe lIO_nm.n •. Ind,· yldu.l . 0' gcwe,nm8fl1 eGIIl.3C;· IOf:

. .... I ... Iln; I .. e o.~nllil lon ·.

'rll.m 01 I, III' conlrol ,lid III .... '"'" .~ sound 1I1111>C1I01 ml"'glmlnl .nd "po.llng pn.:. l!«to .

[eonom~ ,nd ''',e'-nc~ ......... ComP'l'I.on. 01 •• I. lIng m'"Ig. m ... 1 P<oo;ltdU'H W'I" mo .. lICo. nomlc.lll Of .We .... 1 fI\It1l\oc1' tlllli wttl ... uft I" • ~OSI .... Ing 10 llIe (IOWMnllllfll . TIIIIy 'HUU 1<1 • tf'I>O<1 ... leh II,. OUI lhe .11_1_ end m'~ .. ItCO .. ""Itnd.,iOf\l 10 ,..tI,. IlIese COil .... Ing • . Canedl ref ... 10 ", ... I' ·'yllu. IOf "'0<1.(' .UI'lI".

P'Clgllm .... I ... IIon . RltYIew. O' P<CIg.lm outpul • . TI>ft .,.I"ml ... .... 1" .. I go_ .. .".,,1 PfClg'lm l1li. Of II _l'Ilng II ' l"I....:Jed obiie,_ •• fllI..:I In 'hi 1 ... " ........ 11"11 1eQ1,11I1On. T"., otl'" COOII 10M\' ey ju,llOlellOl\l ,lid I". 'UI'lil '1'POf1 I. __ Ud '0 I ........ 01 tie" agMIey .11" 'I.pon.lbm" IOf Clnylng OUI wornl poIrt 01 1"1 P<OII"m. TI>ft ..... , IncIUl'l. _om· rnendallOnt 10 lhe l"II I,llIufl OIl •• ,' 10 imj)fO'te 1111 1If000lim _ .....- I ... 1eQi'lI.tlolI.

In moll SAil •• IInc:I • mi. of I ..... '''''11 IKllnlql/ttl . F ...... . ploy .11 01 Ihtm . ... d m.n~ .. . limll.cJ 10 I". 11'" I"'" IVOIt ... It;. IIW. Of no .""111 0 1 Inl .. n,1 cOIIlrol • • cornpll.nc. .It" gener.tt, acc.Ol" ICCOUntl"'ll Ollnc lpin. or ...new, of 1COfIOtn, end ptOO • .." 'HUlt • • FOl I'" moll pot" .......... 01 111' ..... ' conl.ol • • _flOmy .M .tllel_y. ,nd PIOIItaIt'I ... " ... IIon _ limit .. 10 I .... SAl. 0 1 I ... United 51.1 ... lhe UnUIIII KlnOdOft'l . Can""' . Au,lrllll . N .. lNltnd. I". St;lndln ... lIon oounltin end ,,,.... T". _ I,UII blOC SA' • • 01 COIH'H. _ --,

eompl,h.n.l ... udit .,",m. .hJeIl .... 1 .. I .... OUI"" .. ot boIh IIO"IIfn.".,,1 ant:! Indull,l" lifO. 1I'lm, "'(1 .,' an Im""rt"'l lit...... 1 In .... 1 1I>ft Cltt " IOCIII eGIII.oI," •• ,,,..,, of cornp .. lnl· IodiIlng . Ho_. IOf ... _ 01 pt'''IIutII, . Ihel. wort. ....... n. OUI~ I"'1COpe o. 1"1. "'leill. ,:MJ ....... ' ........ ,_

I",." .. , ••• ", ,,, .......... , \,,~u ••• • \ ...... ~ 'W . ',,,1<1

The d,""_ 'n Iud" mtll'lOal III •• W,bulftll. 10 • "'III~ 01 economic c~ltu'.' . Ind PP' OI'c.1 bK~lI lIund l .nd ,.aojUIonI Fo. e •• "'p • . mOIlIlOOltfnm ..... 110 nOl "'., l lIIt (1 ... ly .,.lined " DI<lIIOII 01 pO_I of IIIIt U 5 _,lIlulionil ',_Ott< Man, ~"II COWl"Ie. h ... lOIf,iCullUttily Il10_ Konom_ .lthou' I'" .,.....no;t. lOt 101II\","C.,1td KOnomic _I· 'ng ''''I Indul llllolIZIIII nilion. ~ • . perllnCl. Ho ....... 1<I ...... ne. 10 OUlmodtd but "100,1 '011.1 mtihOdI ot ac(ountlnv 0"'" ImlH'lllll '. IJon.JoI rooolUllon '" I ... In. """. I'" OPPOrtunity tOf .U.acllng lhe ~nl r'" II .... IecI _ouln ' 0 I ~'

1I<0' '''1on It lOll

1:e •••• M .... ".It .... 1 T ..... III • ••

IoIIlny d~GIH"", cou""Ie •• It 51,11 It.d ' 0 I ... tK;onom oc Ilt"Ioe. • H I.Dl ltftltd \In"" 1 .... 1. IIY_ eo-Io)t>tal "",mln lt"~'1on , ..... In· , ...... IIIoMd on I". eonll ..... I.1 EU'opHn fTIOCHoI . II'. 0 ..... 1 .. 10 IICcounlllllllty IOf Ine '-01', Iy 01 IICII Iln.nell' ItlnuctiOll Of lI' ouP' 0' IlinUCl lOn, tll"ltf In.n .n Inl"ll"lltd .Y., .... ollCeo"nl, _ .eport. T... ""_ 0 1 I ..... l.tdilJon.Jo' '~II"'" •• , 10 0--1 ,.Nd. Tile 'lIPid , ........ In economle "Iholly. ho_. I"",," llIal motl 01 Ih. I.anUCIIon • • II ... .."i_., .11 • • 111 .,. 10 .''''''ned .ltll .uch con.ktettb .. del,y . Ih.1 ... , lmp.opt lllie. lOUnd m., nol .lI9lr 10 llIOM .. ho CUft ... ", IIOld PO'ItIonI 01 '''POII . llllllt, .

1 ............. ~t ... A .... t ............... 104011 go_nmanll "CO nOI .....

lilt CI .... , dellnllll Hj)a' . ' 1on 01 _ ... O'OIItoad tty , .... U S. ~on· ."IUlJon.JoI h.meworto. I.. PlflIIt...... 1...,. .'.1...... IOf .'''''0111. 1IMd. 0 1 •• ec .. 1 .... lOIfef\CiH .. ... , .. I .... _itor ~" _ _.,.,. o' pllliam."l . f ". _IlOf genM",1 I" ' ....... Of • • I" I". bu.I ..... O' ioolllnll " I. ~O"NQ"'" T" II .IIu.llon Cln Il1o .,1 .... 1l1li II _tlM"'l" OIl I .... ud1l11111 oo.t(l Of cornmUI" 10 .nlcfl "e ~. I. bll*1 l ..... In m ... , ~nll _ I ty gowem ........ I ... NdilOl'

•

genItf.1 '. Intl.11ed tty , ... ~n Oltl . ' Kul," _ '.I)0Il' d",,", 10 IIlm T" .... I ... Nd, IOf ~.I lt In ,,,. delietll POlll lon 01 .ltpOI'tlng 10 lhe ~,d"'1 OIl oper.l lon. 0 _ .. h~ 'hi P<lI ld ... 1 .... admln l .. 1 .. 1, •••• ,pon.ibllll_ 1he audlto< 911"11f.I . .... "" 'n ,hi. CoIN I, , Dlt! 01 I .... ' IICUU .. 1I .. ",n. I. IJIo.III , 10 'III' III. IIIttideIIl ...-l1li1 ft ...... 1. 10 _ A, I ... u y,nll IIOH. · It II • SI'JonQe "011 ,l1li, .... !!Ilnol' CIIt.iH , ... SIIC_ ","II ...-1Ij(:1I It I. 10 .,. IINI ... "

"-!tWaU ... H . ..... I •• " ...... . N.llonIl 1eQ11'ltut ... oil'" 1IIIt.

~,. m ... t IPK,'k _",,,,1_ ' u..cl_. 10 SII. in Neh P_' 01 ...'" ' -01.111101\ TII ... tnc'_1II1Ot ' 1)1110,,11 01 Indlwklll'! IIn.nel.1 1tllnlltl lon. 01 I .... UKutI .. tllen. cIM ... d "" .... "nuctlon YIIUC .... .udill r ..... plOCISMI If. YItfY h .... COll.um lng _ UlUllIy 1110' _ htt" 01' no .,....1" In prOft'\Oo

lino aound linJonc .. ' ............. 1 Tl'II SA' '"11. , ..... ,01' • • ' .... 1 " ' In Iltll. or no I' .... 0' tHOUte .. 10 00 an,III'nll·l ..

t: ............ , ............ .

it QOII . ,IIIOUI u,lng IMI •• I.... ' ;n,nell! _ilion. __ morl tOplll lllC:llIIII 100 "'UII I ... 11",,111119 I"hnlq .... IIIed 10 .... ,. uti. tnd It'pOtI on Ihtm. HO'oO''''''. ........ IIon ... lhe 1_ .. end 01 Indu.I , I., ltiholl ,.1ICI deY.topmlnl nfItId IoOUIICI lI ... ncll' m ... ~' ,nd 'IIIOrt lng 10 ........... lhel lhe Ioc.tfU ,_tCIt .. tlllbllt 10 lhe gowen .... nl _ admlnl.I"" "'1 _ 10 " " ... bI.11 '01' projecting lulu,. 'l'Qul .......... accu •• I .. y

.. .... , ... _. , •• • IUat ••• , .. ...... In Dolh b"'.I ..... _ Il0\II0' ....

IIIIfII . llIe 0I'1C11c1 04 '1nIftCIat accounlllllllt, llat 0f09I'"1ed "Id'y In lhe ~II ~,.... Todily I ..... I, • ,.,ucn .1dItt ,~ O. I.CllnIQIIII Ind m.lhodololl '" ... 11l0III. 10 .A'I In .... ould ..... bHn Imagined ~ yNlt ago . N...,. lilt lOuy. tIO\IIfnmtnlllnd SAl' _ ' 1 (l iU_1 .... In '''' 'ng .dunltgt 01 elite .... bOd, 01 ~_IIId911 end •• '*~.

.0

In matt)' t OU'll rtH . l1l'i111 QU II. ,ec.nU, . I t COUnlln'l Olle""" onl, ., 1M • tJoOkk",*" 1..-1 I IId _ 1"lnlng OPPOf'Iunl'llH 0fI1y Ih 'ough lhe ~ llIh ItCI'IooI ....... . In OIh1f n'Uon • • 1M ce<T111ecI publll; 1UOI.IfI1..,' Of ,,,,,, ... 1oCI _n, ... , ........ 100/111 p.o le .. lonll '.counl. lIOn _ com"""11,IfI1. 1C!vc. ,ional oPllO,",unl" •• llIfOuqh 'M gladue" 1 ..... 1 101 I nU"'DIf or Y-' AI _ ",IgIII "~I I'*If. 11'''1 IItUNniel In the a_el l_ 101111, o. cou, .... . cou,,, m" ... 'II • . _ I .. i __ I,om counuy 10 coun-I"! Iftd ~Ion 10 fIII~

n. ,. ......... 8 ••• d.rtllaall ••

How "'UCII 11lI1ICho""l1lJon or gove.,.",.n l KCOun l,ng an(l au(tll ' Ing III1QIlII111 "" ... 011(1 .. lTh .uch oi_glllll POlitical . CUll u,,, . llId economic 'Y.ltm.? I"IIMO. !lOw mllC~ II 0I.1.-.IIt.1 llll'l , ..... a 100II II .om. 01 lhe "'11,1' 01 .I.-.I:tI,O,UIIOfI Then ~IIID' ... c:Ift (lecicllllO" "'UCII can 'Mliol1-ci lly III "lIKled I"" flOw Ir " OIIld IlIl4aplll:t

CompuOII ... GMInol SrM" .. ..... tt y I>Oled til... ,.. al,..." Indkllrlon.oI lhe ~11I(1 01 ~. Ih<I .,..,.1111 1""1 c:Ift III KII_ .. flen gO'le<n""nl allClilofi .. Of\! IOQIIIIII ItCIO .. OII09.apIIlc " ...... f Ol ... ",pll. en ag.."....., l1li .. _ 1M U.S Deo-rtlMfll 0 1 Delllll .. _ 1M frencll Mlnltl"! 01 0.1 ...... ",0\11.,.. rOf .eclp.ocal .... dll. 01 U 5 end f ..,..;11 GoY..-nmenl con· I'KI,. Tfle f,,",IIacr....n,,,..,, . 111 IlICI,I U.S. o-n,.,.,,1 eontrKIi piKed In F._. ,11(1 U.S ao..m_ ,.,..." IUd.I -o-III-p<\Inatil, Ifle DII' .... " Con l"U AUClil Agency_ .. III _It F,III\C.II ao..t._, eonIIKII .. II~ A ...... 1can mMulecIU ..... Th ll lll'"",..,1 I •• 1",11 .. 10 01"" Inl ..... "OIIiI IUd.I 111_ ...... ,. fOl'ud! ~1I1on 10 III "I~ndId . It .. III III _.HtY 10 _p _n'lng _ 1UCJlII"lg ",n""O, .. II k ll III *X~III:t IIy fnOf. _1n.1.'

WII II'IouIel no! undetHll,...I. IN (I. llkult, 01 IN Ilik. II I ..... the -"ty 01 aceG!.lnllng _ euoiU"II D1KIIcI$ lot~ or SAil _nd Ifle _Id. Alld ... "'-lei nol ' 01'l1li t"', lOG_I UIlOn lUdil_ I.

I .. ; lIend"". "'Ihln III. Unll~ SIIIH II . _I _9I,thmlnl It .... nol unl,t IIIot ... ty 1;70 • ""I llIot AlIII<ieIn Intlllul' 01 Ctttllied PulllH; Accoun l ... 11 pul)II......., Iud!! I llt>dlfal. Ho ....... 'lley 'till' 10111, 10 _1'1 .,.. 'toned 101 "pI.III"II OP,nlOn' on IIn.ncllll 1111 ........ 11

Du.lng 1. ... 1. ...". PIriOd GAO HIIOUl-lled ""'dIld, to< OO"'n· ......1 IlICI'" 10 .... 1,1 .. comollance .. It II IhIt II.. IfId "'IIul"Ion • • IIWciency ,no econom, 0 1 00-'" hon • • 111(1 efl.:tI_, ot _ ~"". In KII .... ,ng " I-.IIt ,. 1"Ied pl •. OAO 110"0_ hom m. Ameriein Inlll, u, .. "1fId..a. _ OIocM;lU .. ' Ipplk .or. 10 _'" ~IO<rneI:t 10 . ap, .. , '" opinion on tN 1.1'..... ..ilh .. lIio;h .., o<genlllllOl'l ·. lin_Ill lilt ....... " D1_I. II. "",Ilion lind mulll 01 __ lion. ffle moll obwIou, bin

,''' 0 1 mo ........ 1 low.,d '11l\1l.I"'1· ''' IOn II ''''I it 'Oil .... 'N COlli· 110<.1I0I'l 01 _nllng _ 1Ud1'lInll educ;alOt. ,lid OIKI;IIonef • . filII eoIlltIOfll_ In '1,1'" _ _ lOt' u" 01 Ifle motl _ent _topm .... " _ IlCIInlQ .... 0 1 IN 0I0I .. 1loII IIIlIQuId 1lI~"""" II • dvna"'k ploc .. , .. It II dOlfI QpItI\ 10 1tt¥It00000llllll ",lIde I .. Ifle QO'Mf ........ I _ OIi"llI MelOl'I 01 aullik ':COll"II"II .

Sucll , "'_. IIIouId lind "fOlIO OIoIH.ioneI IoIIOClltton, 11,1111"11 Ih.l, .. _.. eounl ... • 0IIt • • How_. (I11III111, acc.o4ld _ il plKlicH _ '''''111," mUll III IdIOled 101M economkl POlit ica l/culM" I,_orto. _1,11-Ier 10 IoKII counl,,!II 11>1'1 If. 10 III *X",IId'nd uNd. ................ •• t __

GO¥efn",..,I 0<111"1111I0I'l • • Inl.,· "'IloNt end 1'II10fIIt .. _leItonl ot S Al • . OIoIHIionII lUI_litton • • .1Id Ih. Inl"",,,ion" CPA IIrm, un III bInII ll h om eoIlItIOfIllon In -'opI"" _ d ........ l fIII ''''' ",u,,,,lrW ICCIPled 1Ud1t1 .. ; " .... .,..., • • TIMtioI ptOmOflon 01 _ I""1. conl.....c... end If"nlng K ' '''''''' can I .... IhIt ~ 01 a .. _. 01 OIKl ltionlfl _ educalOlI ."., InIOl'''' I""'" 01 u lll l"" ... """" p.oOIeml _ op(IOI1 .... II.H 1"'1 1f .. 1CIf'Od ,. l lonll 00\I1Id., ... Tfle 00lI0;'''''' It 10 _io;h IN IfItl<nltlonel ICC_"

..

Inll end IUdltlng pfOl .. "O/I willi 'hoM ",acllcH end IICII .. IQ .... .. lIlell II ... OWn I"Ied _ ~ IIUeel, .. IfId ,tllnqul. 1I lhoM .. 1I1c/I 1'10 IongoIt conlribut. 10 000d ....... 1Ot ...... 1 FolI_ lnO .. 1 _ .. c.'Il IYI'" 0 1 1IfO .......... 1 eoIlIIIo"lion ''''' h_ ~ bInIIk la l .1Id I .. proml.lnll to< 1111 IYlu ..

........ _.'0 ....... ... .e 0., -h-... . FOI' re.,1 Ih. Au(t;IOI' GIn.,1I

ot IN Com __ ltll fIII'- ..... IIIfliciPlI'" I.. l...,ltOl' UCI'IItIQI OIOQ.INII,. mu lult Ifllnlflll . end o. .. ~nl •• _ 1 ..... tnldclil lOn. IN ComPlfOlilt 0--' 01 Ifle Unl' lII 511'" _ tty In"leled I Fltto .. "" lp Progf ..... H ..... 1 III · 1111 10 IhIt n""l 01 rnorI lIIIn 100 'u_ lu(tll Inll llUl loftl ln .,..... 001"" nalro." I ... ltl"ll I....... 10 nomln". Indl_ld",l. 101' Itll_· Ift lp. 10 .. orto. .. lUI GAO.Of poric)(Jl oI l monlll' 10 1 .,.., 51> fll_1 _enily ~ OIItlclCIIIllng In 11111 QIOg.am In .. IIIc11 _ I ... jotI • • PIf· ienc ... I I~ GAO I ...... I, .uppll-m .... ,1d .. It II I"ln lnll cou .... 10 dI'tIIop ,'-' ","1 ... lI k ll ~u(tUOI'I .. ,II nMd In Ifle lulu ... AIIO . IN Getmtn FOIII\ll.lIIon 101' 1 .. 1_ lloNl D.IIIOC1mef1I ,... otIlfId _" CO<I'"I on AIoI:lU lng to , .... _III< SA'I 01 lhe l lllnAmtricen InlillYl. ot A...,ltl"" Sc"'- end Ifle Al l.., Otlllni~lI lon 0' SUQlefl\I Audil I ... mullonl.

I.t ........... .... ., ....... A, ..... 1_

Thot Inl ...... 1onat O<genllilion 01 Su_ Au(til Inllitut ionl _ ,fie u nlled Hil ton. _II, eoapon-IOfICl an InI ... · "'II1onat _1I1ng ....min ... In V ........ Au" .... Among II. ~1OnII .1f1l1.1.. III. Lliln Amlftuon I ...... ur. ,... _ motl

K'''''' In _I y-. "" ptOmOIinQ ptOI ... 101111 " .... 1"11 COU,... 101' ~, .... mOlo _it.".. f« .>.IotI'\PII. bIt_ 11118 _ ltn. w ..... I .... OUIce 01 IhIt COmOlfOl* a.n.r .. oI lEc llldor......., lIS I ..... 11. 01 I .... SIC .. , .. lal . Ihl, !tfOU~ concIUCtlCl 21 I.lIininG _II. • wIIlcII In SAl o" k llt . """I 101.110 (IIfIklIIIf"II ' l .... room IIOufi. All n __ "" OfGIIIl.llllon. 01 I.... Lat in Amtrican IfIII' lulI 1IIfI1c:11IOIMd "" al """ _ 01 I ...... __ .'

liM' ."'-1' __ 1_

-- ----,

-

, ........ ,1 10f1"*I A.1aII Ofoanu. lion II,. PfOG.ItIt'I"'" _ ,.111".. '''Q .e1l_,IIt. 10 W 1\0111'd br HlKII'd ....... bt< O'g.an llli loni In I ....... 1 I_~. And I ... A'.1ean Of;''''Iltlon of Sll~' "' ua" , ... muuo ... I, •• 'K."U, 1"II"1'd "-:Iulllnll Ind "11 .. ,ng 01 ...eI II pefsonnel I. _ 01 III Pflnc,pal .... , 01 ,n'''1I1

• ....,.,..a. ... "'U .... I ....

•• "' .. a.""., ,..... .. .,IOfTI _ II ...... .,. '0

br'ng ",lIonRl IlfOf ... 1OIII1 •• _~ • ,Ion. of .ec:o..nl ... 11 __ h OI" in lO f'8\IloMI _ inl_ionlll QfOIIlllng •• 0 tneoIHlo1I IlIn"" ~ ~bor.tlon inc! 1II,_n, on pro-1, .. 10",' 11 ....... 111 Till In' .. .... loonooI '_II,,,., 0 1 . ceOlln' .... ,. I, OIYIlolllng 'nl"""101'111 . I"'"lfo, ' '''OIIQfll commUl8fl '" llOO<: lallon ... lIh till ",' 1OnR1 -=eOllnling 11-_""'ion. 01 '" ....... _ ""I0I'l, 1111 ,_.,I0I'l InciudH 10 -... ~ ~II 7 dOl... dI¥eiolll"1l ""IOn6. ....... , ..... _,-" br III ~ .. I'd 1Ice_'''''' 1nl1,Iull.

, .. l,n , ... 'n, .. ",'1on11 CoIIIOI-10 .. ", on Goooef_1 FINne'1! Mao"'I1'''''''' ..... 1_ , ... orInclj)14 lOUndl1lll __ orll"'~ , al ion' .. _ IL"Ci'. 1111 .... -oc;Ia· 'Ion 01 0.0-_, "'or;o.,,,,,,,,, [USA" 1111 Mynlclpll ' '''-111 Ollk:lr. "'IOC'-'Ion (US .... nGCan · ada). 1111 C""'''III '",1I1I1N 01 Pwbhe FIfIII1u Ind AccoII""fIII Iunlll'd 'U"IJOf)!It) . , ... CItoIcII ... "udiIOl' 0_11'. 01111:" fl l'III '''' Ptl II,ppI ... eommllliotl on " IIdII ' 111M 'OIIndlng _r.r. IIopt 10 Inc"'H 11>1 COnlOn lll"'·' ....... bt<· 1fI'lI _ 1NIII1c'"",1on by InCII .. !d· ..... _ ~'" lrom III' .,.". 01 '''' ... orlel __ . "n __ 11111111 .. M .... 1111111 1111 I1«1III l..rll of gO_IIIM!I' Ii_III ItIIfII9I....... , OM COnIOtl;um pf'DIftOI .. , .... btkl.~ .. dIaI'IQtI of 111'0. 1I'1Om _ Inlormat lon . cIOc ......... ' • • _"1 Idea ..... ,-" 10 gooownmIfII I"'-... ..... ~I.

A-o lone' 11'01111''''0' 01 111'0" " .ionel "_"IIon, 11110 acll ...... 111'01lI0'1 , ... , . clI""IJI 01 III'ormalion II1'I(I kIN. tetOlI IlllIIonI' bound"'II. '" .... "". 101 ... mlllt . , ... COnltdlrl' lon 0' .... 1 ... II1'I(I

Pacillc " ceOllll'''''', ... l1n , "*"'" .,.,.11111 0 1 _ 2,000. I'IIId ,I I , Ii-

..... "'" COfII .. IftC' ' " Manlll '" luu ...... "n .... I_

Oclot>lt 11 71 'III III ... "'1nC"", con'- I(IOtC ... __ 11I IIIe roll

01 '"' 0101"" "'01' 'n KII"'"II .... 1ftOI'I ~ 1)00>, ...... ,n'''"1I1OI\I01 ac_ ~" nll I._ltd • .trId ""'100<"'0 1II"on,' ... ry+"IIlIaoe' 0 1 bII.I ..... com III, . ", ",II IKI\IIOIog,c.1 " . ""I'H . I ~' c .. " ... 1 ~II"ng II .. \1li0ii''''''''. ...., III .e.a .... 1c ... ..,.,'.tlOll .nII f'lfl " "III"1I 1d1lC.· lion 0I1CCO ... " ... "

'., ............ 4;rA"..-.

s....aI 01 IhI 1'I".neilOnRt CP" I ....... "_ COfI~ , ' penence on ;0""11""'" """ ""11 ...., ofl .. "''''lflii cou .... tIIS«I on , ..... , . c;.tllnce OM jn!lfIlll'1onaI I ~ _ . , .II";'III ,on, . 'IKII .. , ... WOIki BIII~ l1\li ' '''' '_''",lftun 0.OIIOs>fTMtI' B"'~ . oil ... UH 1111'1' ""'~ 10 IUd!! tIt , IIOCH"II COlI".. ,'y ull 01 ''''''. IOIM'I. '"!,. IS ... " II COfIllac l"'" corolllll ln, ..... IC .. '0 , ... IIIIlIonll gO'iInI"""", .... IfICIM_ "" CPA Iii",,' , . "". ""CI In I ... 1I1CI."nll 01 dIwIIocI'fIII COIH'I'ry 0_' l1li" '_ SAl. _ , ... "" .. ",,,on.J CPA • __ .fIOIIlcI blfll'lII ,_ an IOCII.,. 01 IIC," 0 ' ..... · . , ""'"CI •• no --. ..... _., .... ' •••. 1 ....... .

CIft, ... '0 11 • • 11 ~III'III_ 1Ud,10I' II ... " .. 1II1ICI11oro1ll lltoei'lloII' l1li .... 101 10 oTt .. 5 ,1,1 • ...cI YlC. ....... In I'" _I"fIII 1"1' 01 , ... It' One .IKII "'1"lw' lOll I. III, Cenl .. lor '"' 51ud~ 01 PTO'"tIOI\I' ACCOUIIUIIII 01 ,lor,.,. 1n1_IOnRT UIII_.lty 1 ........ 1 .. 11011111 • COn'lflf\Cl on ItIt HMcI' lor Ace_IIIIII fll lK"lon '" tie· otIOCI"'II eo..fII'_ In WIll 1111 , ... COfII, .. nca IIf'OO_ 11'1 OPP)I'

'IInoIy lor ,.."... 0 1 ICCOUllllftg __ ion In , ... W", .. n H .... ~ ..",... ......... ,It Oft 01 !hi ",1ft.

C"'"" '"' .. "."0"" orOl'lllal iotl • • _ '~''''''I'I'_ 01 , ... 5.11"_ 01"" lUll" OIOAfIItal.",. 10 ,0' c-. .. _, _ .,....:101""'.

01"" CII'I '''' 01 .,.01 ... ~ ~.,......, . 1100 ... e_lIlf111 ... 1111 SAl. _ 01 .... gooottn""""' , .. 1111 0'11'" '111'0"' ' 0 1I,0.idl ",,"1"11 '11(1 ,,_,ell In , ... IWlIII. , ... cen , .. 101 Inl"""_' " c · _ 'IntI ~I 01 , ... Un~ .... ,1' 01 ft ... " Oat l .. _ , ... In'''''''1oIIII1 M~' ~OII-

....... 1 ~"""' 01 Sy,ac"H Ullo.

..... " .. , ach .. '" 'Ill, ,.tII.,. In " .,gllil '111 1111 . ..... ~ . c· cOIIn" "II " .IK'I'I IoII DIII!II,,,,,,,1>e ".11'" 01 • IIlIdy ACCOU,. ,,"g E.1I~'f'OfI IIIfI ,M rill", Wotlll ... 1I'en Inct"",, I+_a '"11".11 ... , Co.>n , "1 'PDfllllll 01 C.l'ltlltl1 H ,I> ,"j, l"-Id

"Fl." C'_ ••••• ao...m"",,'allUII '''ng ""'" ~_

"II ... ,,11 , '" 1lce1'l""' "11 fI" 01 Kor"~""C II1'I(I _III OIoIIoQmIn' In ' 001) ' " or\/I fill tI, __ II _ he..,.1 IIH of ;0-" _II • ....1 .... ' _ '"""... ' tIOIII'Cft S _ . !ldOl "'''''111_ . 4G. 0 _ '" _ 'IflIII'!') 1I'OC""'ngly 'KOII".rI '"" .. nIle I"'" ".Ioon. 1CCOItII1 '"0 __ "'''11 Pftcl-. ", .. tI be IdID'III ' 0 I .... 'OKlthzlII IIIICI. 01 I .... " INIIIkllllf KOfIC)IftIe I c ult .... t I OOlotlCll .'., .... . tlClI Cln D8f!1t., I, , ... "''''II'' • • ell~ 01 "1!If1tncn 10"" "a ... ,"1I K"~;' II.. 111'''''''''1 Of! 11011' _ .1 __ 1 . _ '" I"aclion ,", U1I

01"" OI'ac" ,_. II'Od -"1IUtort ,II , ... l"teI

II ... " r_. eoc.... ___ An """ ... _ _ .. ~ .... _ ...

Joy, ' ... atao... ........ _t"'9 ..". .,7j .. , ~, .If-._atCJC, ... ... _ U It .. It"' '' ,

17

Nl'al C urUn

"', Cu', ..... _"'-v .............. _ ... , .. ............. ~C" 00.-.......... ' __ IO H(W IlO .. _

......... _IV ... ~ .... c:o,_""'" IOAO .. '111'0 .... ' ",_" IS <1<09< .. .. K""""""~ ,....., 11, _ _ .... ... _ • .., "'".. ~ '~ .... U_ .... ( _ 110_ .. _. ""'""'....,

••

Aging In Amen •• 1 An Overview

WII.II' . It Itu '0 Dol ok! ,,,

' """'" Fo< .nnle ~', 11'. lafteIy. S/I.' II~I! "' ~'nId "Of!! ,,,, e,m .. 'If'!' wid ... ,. 'i_ •• _fie! 01 'hi · "Ii...,.,·ol· Ihe-Monlh Clu-b,' Shl I\Iod I\tr 12"d Dlrtl'ldly .... monlll WId s~. j ... , buflld I .... onl, Irlenc:t ... 1\0 Q leOlllld It "'''" tier. S.nc. "" II .. 'twlne! dild e ,.,. 100. ...... , 'hold "onl • • rw:t *""M _ 'ril!\lll III O~ I "'II or 001"'11 ' nlO """'no homIot .n. ,. bIcornl1l(l mer. lne! mor, 11o011I1d H.. ''''0 OIIIghl ...... II OOPQ.I" end, 01 , ... toIIn. ry. Ind ..... 'MU, "Of tn', ... an, to 'nlrud, In It',,, " ..... n,. ...

For SlInll, Mill .. , ,,' , pIIn1u-, ...... !'8 flOW . end lor , .... P1" 1 \'M" nl, ."n""1 ..... DItom, w.cr_~I, Inn"""", _ o.bIlt,. ' Ing . !ftfIU " , .... 11. "11'd '"' ,ur. ... ..... "Id 10 lin" lor " lmMl' In(! ... I. "ne!lno I, mol' _ moor. d ltt ic<J .. jlill ' 0 mo ... 11011"" 'n ..... , . _ '-M I ...... __ 'or ., V"I' KtIjI 1111 I\OI.tM elMn? c,,, ... QOOd ....... I dey? Pltn, _ ,_I. ,,,. "'"1Or 0' In. fWI<i .. , FGt9",,, Hr, IoOCII' Me .... ", CJ'I.Ic_ - "'"""" orl~", III"I&Ion _., Cllfm~ 111m 10 II I,. IIIIp '0' ,"",,,Ing. _ 1'111 IIMIII' ...... ,

""mit "'m '0 ..en '''''''P' '1Wm aIOnI .... ...onOIt, how IoI>g .... ..... It., Oil' 01 I " ...... 1119 1'IomI. one, ... 011' , ...... h' 1",1 n,'n --. For MllOfId Almlll'lll"'. I, '. '",a-I .. , ,,,,. S .... ·• ee _ , .. " blttt" aIIOII1 _Ml, now '!Ian IhI old ... hen "'" ......... 'hi' , ...... '", .

..

tell .... 'n" UCII'IIy 01 _ .... 1Ot t,", .... tlllll. Shl"'" ..... ""~ 1'Ih. • nlel k~n""", ...., • modIit .. ".-, tne:OIftI. SI'II dOlin' , 'lit ~01" ." BII' tomlllll"ll'. not rtgl'll. S-,II'no', ml"'IIQ. T ...... ·"" bIIn IbII 10 do onl, • 1,.c'Io" or 11'11 ,nIno_ I~ II .... "'" lor '"1.-,. T".,.,. PIII,1on I, N' .... ..... V ~ I"U.r1on lind JU I' "Oftn', 00 '" tnOUOI'I to "'ow ' '''''" 10 """. '0 _ 'hi CO""'ry , tit ' 0 vi." Ihlll cll 'lOlon ..." g,..." . CIlIId .... Thill Irr.rw:t , .... liMing 10 '001<. 0111: ''''' -., 10 w'l" 'hi /'Iotlll,,, • 101 '0 e'- 1111 'riInd. ...1, 1'1 Ifln.ltI, or CIneii' Of "'-1 "0111111 Somt """GIlDoro ... robbId .1" ........ ..." 'or 'hi 'It" 'I ..... MIld"" ... Ilrld 1'10 ... ~1i' M'-1l1li .""'..... Now ","' • ..tuclln, 10 "'"~ o' 'ille 'hi bII, .,_ Cll"l'y lng .... Pl/fM. Shl CIII 'III '1'1I0Il011 "" lriIncI. ' I'll """""'10111', of ""lflof.tlng ..... lIn '"" _tllll dtrrUo • ...., II I. " ..... no .

r ...... III ) 01 'hi 2' mIllion A....,IcMI, -til 85 lit _ ill "111. _ .11 01 III orOblblV ..... ,......" • • .... U_. or n .... l'lbo ..... 1\0 _nil • lot '", S''''!Iv , A ....... tlt Mildt1od. r ......... Ior "tl l .... . 0I!IIr AII'IIri . ""'1. GoIotn A;I" . '"""_ I'OU u,t IIWm , /lOW ,~, II "". '*'. of 'I'll U 5 . POIIuIllIon . ..." , .... " 0'0b""" . """' •. "'" OiIirn ... gIlnlno lnc .... 'ng IUen,lon .

No "'_If In 11Ot), onIV l million A_lao", .... 85 01' 01"" • ........ . ~ ... , 01 'hi IIOPllII' Ion No. , .... 85. -til lI<0II11 0 ...... by I .~ --, III, Abou' 010 \'MIl ltam now . ... "'" Ihi I~. DIlly bOOm g_IIlon _ .... I" ~1IOId

... I'IIII.~ .. ".", "U,"",I , ..... w ill III . $ mUUon .... Ior • . ,.",. .... "ng Ie 1*CIfI' 01 ' hi POIIuIf. 'ion. II, 2020. 'III """ian ave 01 A ....... IcMI • . "'1'I1cI'I "- -. 1boII' 2tI .1IIet 'hi 'm' •. _m ...... 11 '0

" fill COf!!DI .... 1oI'I 01 Im~ """lui c .... '"" 01_ con.tot 'or , .... """" IIong _ 1111 contlnuICI tow !liftl'l ,., ..... 111 ' ..... form A"",. IcMI 1OC1at, In •• ,. I ... , .... 11 111 ... gIIy ........ - •

Fo.,.,., H£W SIC'"IIY JOIIPI'I flAU _ . / . _ 1_

L

-

c.htl no . In 1118 IUtlmon , '0 1111 s.nlt. $1*:.-1 Committee 011 ... g. Inil. dl~ lou ..... 10< csemog"PI1 IC trend •• "Ie" .... al'_, Itlfl ltlil 10 ". ... d .. mllk . 11KII 011 IOC III !IOIicy

F iliI . 1,1 •• ' PllCllncy lit, In· C,IIMd aIrTlo., '0 ) H" "Inc. 1140 aI\d 0_ :lO y ... . linea ,h. 1\U" 01 ' .... «<I, .. .., ~I 1100 'h' _~ h I. • • ~K'inc., .. ~, OIl', 43 ., ... . It 'OIl '0 63 In 1040 In ,_ dIy., M - I III 10( ~ _ .. lit, ,,11_, 1\11- ... 11, ..... "OIa · TOdIy III. . _PKlanc., 1.111 10< m .... Ina 11 to< ..am .... 'h .... qUIII ... 01 I'" In· I.nll 110< .. !lMI • ., ", III 'lICh 101 M . ana one. ,,,.., .... m.o. II '''11 'II. I"'" .. 1M I .... In _101 0 1 III _ ,_.'0.11 s.cona . .. _ ,,,. billy boom

'''I11)III'' H I It;nlOf _...-I, I .. 1"'- 2"1 c ... ,u..,. ,,,. I*«<Ilage 0 1 "'''', I .. 'III _111101'1 .. III I'lOl J.II1 Inc'H ... II .. III loal hom 1111 " ·12 pe«;I"I ""11' '0 111 _ I. Mo<_. a mU(.h g,eal" pare .... 1101 of 1111 "111<1, - _ 00 1)11.

c,"I- .. m be ....., 0111- _ 1! ,_. T"lld. ..fill. ~. .... 1i'rinQ

tonQIt. 'Illy ." 111111"11 _a., T"I", ' .... 190. n_'" _ ..... It or • 11 min M ,,,a 00" 1_lnea In Ih. "'o<k 10«;1. 'od • .,. lmong peoQ" M.nd _ . onl, I m ... In!.na I wom.n In 12 .,. In 11\1 ..on. 100CI E .... " i'" ,1\1 ptOII illollion 01 mIIn· CIIIOt'!' ,,11_1 1_. II no 1l'1l:I1-catton 1".1 ' " I. U"'d IOW_.wI ... ... 1""...., ' mlQll! ..... FO""". I"" IltlO Or K I I ... _ . k'" 10 1111'111 c ltl{",. ",III C"ln",. dllmlltc.lI, In lilt ',,' ..... In 1140. 11111 ...... II clll,.n. 101 :lO to &I _ In 1!IiIfO.lm.llon of tl\l 1OC1t'" WOfIo '0<,.- '0< IWt'f' Clt li lln 115 ~ • Toa" I"" ..... II 10 I . In SO ,_. till 11110 . i1l 1ll3 10 I . Tlltl _. "''' .0<11 ... 111 ........ 10 ... ,,""'" ,.icl H m ... , ,III,... In 2030 .. ". ~ In 'lIII0. p_n",." r.r tI •• EW • ...,.·." .... .

TO , ..... 1 1,,11 IIId ... to,Ib" m •• till eIdI<ty .• ....., .... 'III _ II

1110 .. 01 1111 "" 01 'III _11I1oft: income • • MII ... n.aU" WI. n"I", lion . ....... O. bItIonglng _ NtI"IOC, iOI'I- l lIlng, IIIItI .... 11 ilk' 10< III.nled . Fo< 1"0 .. M • . lhougll. lullllllng , ..... ....." can ~ crltkll_ lfIIJMd . tI •• _ o;IHt"-,,lObIam • • CIAO 1I~.I .Ioo", ,_

till . ICI .. ly It, .mong llItt _ .. , I'OU" III 1111 N.tlon .. /K .... I .... Iys'. D, IIItt ... Clm .... lsu .. loon on "01110 ~t<I '''1' 31 I)IfCIf'It of the .... iO<. lIvlng .1onI-2 I m!1I1ot1 .. de<ly- III., Income. l1li0. III, F«I .. II 1M1VIrI, 1 ... 1 EICI"!y CO",,'" ." ,.111,"1. llett .. , " . • boul II pe<e .... , 0' '!'IIm ... I JIo .. llItt lIO'<IrI. I ..... "_l1li tn..oma ' 0< cour.'" 65. I . .... 000 Fo< llItt mlnorll, """t.,. ,'" , .... coma tKObHlm II m",,, "O<SIIDO<II :l.t pare .... , _ IIvl"", ,n

"".,," au, 1111' I. onl, Pi<1 0 ' , ,,. " Of'/' till Goy .. n,...n l .1'0 ma • • ,,'" llIO .. .. hO II. " .... '110 ..... ., .. - 1"., I • . 1110 ..... UII Inc_ I"" , .. lit. IfIMI 125 ",C"'I of , ... _ I, II ..... U.'ng 'l1li .... lI l lr:k . 25 pare"" 0'.11 .. marie .... M . _ 4tI Pltctnl 0 ' mlnoril, ...,.,1,_." h~lno In 01 nH' _ I, I .......

W •• U kIlO" .. 1\11 Inllil lon Ikle. ' 0 ou' lII,cl>ICk • . " IttlCk, ,et l,. m"'l Inca",. ....... mO<l viclou • • , TIIII .... Inll. aecwlll ,,"1eI> .11 goI"II '0 PIO"Idi I nlel p.ad 101 tMW-I now MInI. ln"lInllkllll " 0/1Cn 10< 11K" Dule. at 100d. , .... . _ aI>Illlf ... ,.oel,,".

" notllw ..... _. In rll'ton "n DIIf'I d""'I,lng I. hallIlI Ut • • .nd Ih., I •• 'fill) contlfn 10 I II .... 10< • . Till n.I",,' .... ,Ing out of ' III DOd, . 11" • "II DH!'I I!(\mIo ...... 1 controlllCl . 11" mode<n IIIId ICIIII Dut can _ IIIlIopJiId The eIOI<,., i"" gel .ick _ IftjIlfICl I!!OfI oft", _ mora _II, 1!IIn 1M "" of 1111 POP"llIton .."., , III I!IOMY lpen l on 1I .. !!h CI .. 10< ,,,. 'GId.IIO ... lllnll17. '''' ..... AmOI/nl .pen, D'f' ........ kln. l(1li11 10 &I on ho."ltll. doclors, _ IIIIdIeInil .. " Mol "" IIIfIon "0< peoQlIlI6. 'n I ...... _ .,... . 'III _ ••• .,....,' I llf ••• "1 . l4S. In 0 "'17. C'-'Ind IIl1dy 01 tIOIrty ....!-t ..... g. .... lound 11111 lJ "". cen l 01'''' MI!I"I~ POP"llIlon!lld _ 0< moll 1" ..... ... 1".1 MrlOIIII, .trlC'~ 1"" .IIoIm, of ,,,. Indlvidu.1 10 pat1o<m . Impt. diU, , ...... MOIl 01 1110 .. !lid m,,!tlple "",.1-Colli iIfOD ....... ..... , or w111cfI __ nor IIIIng 1 ... 1«1. Llk. 5' ... ", Millw . aboul 311 1IIf'CII11 of till lid .. ,., II. """,,,,,ICI D'f' "''''Its.. "'Iong .. 1:11 IIlgh DIoOd .". ........ arthlltl. II 11\1 m'lo< lIIIlI" pf'Ob. 11m 0 ' 1111 'GId.

EfIA If III 111111._ II. 'ft"'I~ . ......., ..... Ior. 11111 _ 1\111" .. i,"

_ Kh.U_ 01 0111, 1"""'0 _ C ..... "'II _.. 001"11 01OC..., ~OIng. ,,_Ing • meat I" 'III C ...... 1IId 1I1IIIy. 21 perc"'l 01 llItt "''''P1l _ """ 10 00 , OJ mora .UCI'I IHk. _ 12 PIIIC"" <;0\111' no! cIo In, of '"' IIlk·, .. '" ... nll ... 1"

"~a wlltt .DDuI .. ,.IOU ''''e M,I",ICI " 'mll<".I .. _.,,1I IOCI I" . lilt! fIIII ,II." T..... IIIId to De 1n1lOlvloll1 .. comm""II, _. "". pIoy,...,.1 01 001" .. 1_ 'IWOI' ,,,,, .. ,II m .... 1!'IIm 'III "Mf'" II1II _ .na lilly <1ft<! P .... 11111 1OC" .. ,tI" Ind c h.llanoa' 10 kNfl ,him ' ''' I P .na .1." F.d.r. 1 f.o •• _ ••• '-. ...... _lol~. EI ... rt,.

It 1\1 0< .111 mill. Cl<Ulln lIiII l. DI'''~ CllI .. 11, an ....... Ic ... M 0< 0I1Mr tr'I g ..

• '"It ........ 1 chIC' h om IOC'

tal "''''''' ' ,monlhl, cht!c, 10< ... "" .. ...... ' 11 ",,,.11, 1_ . '01:14 .tam", llO'fl 1111 I)t. JIIII"""" 01 " Olleull .... . I,.. ..... 1. lrom llItt "oml ... llllilion 01'1 "olno • IOClal ..,...Icn '10'" t-IEW'. Oll ic. 01 t-Iuma .. Dellliop. """'I s..-.:c ... • Job l rom 1M DIDIn""",' . .......

• IIt ,hl, Il0l11. Plid by 1M Com", .. nil, ~ 100mlllll''.· , ...

• par l . t lma VO l"""., . 0" hom " CTION.

• • ,uDeldlrsa _I""",' lrom t-IUD.

• 1\OI9i1l' Il0l11. PIleI by MICIIWI 01/ MIClIcIId.

• • h.tt .price tIiI. rlell ... DSIdll:ed D, I'" DIpat1,...,.t 04 T""'POr!.IIOI'I . _ dlKO tlltonl 11 • .....10< cenl ... rom llItt "dmlnlll.1l1on 01'1 Aling.

,,,. F.a..I a.o. .... """, ,... 001II to 0 ... 1 1"'11"" 10 IIIIDIII" CWOIIftm ... _ II ,,,. _. of

tIIIIftJ "' ....... IcIn • • lSOmI 04 ,'" CWOIIf'IIn, I • • g.. M«IIcIICI. 1000 lI.mllll ." ... IIIb" 10 .n~_ 'j'OUng 0< 0/(1-"" 0 ...... low In · comu. 0" ..... lie '1I'QeI~ apec ll lestl, 10 1111 ~. flQll'dln, ot lncomI.l .. ,_ ,-.. • 0 " 0

I.

counll'd ')4 FI'd'fll progltml "In by 13 "II.,..;Ie. o. olllc .. wll!ell 1)I'0'I1ct. ben.HlI to th •• l<IlII1y . What 11 tnl 10"1 ouU t y 01 FI'd ... J ... mon.y on In. .1der1y? No _ ~now. 10. 'u" becaUM .lICOfds.fI no, ke-p' 1)V filii In many prog,.m • . How_. _ ,h. low.st .. tlmtl. 0,,1t In. tlQ"" w.1I _r SlIlO 1)I1I10n .nn .... Uy_2!! P¥e"'1 01 tOltl FI'd .. aI GO'I .. nmtnl outlay • .

Th. Qreal bulk 01 , . peodllu' ' '. o r comM. I, ' 0' IOCI. , ateu.lTy. SII>C. It. palU91 In ,n. 1930' • • IOCI,t lKurlty n .. bttn I\lIIed II _ 01 ,n. II'''' IOCIaI uj)tfIfM1l11 01 nl. lory . ... ulllnllin nUll' t"nsr .. , 01 IIIC0me I,ohl In. wolt. ... 10 lhe .lI lrlll . In '$111 • • n .. Um.11'd 1.81 blUion In lOCI" ateurl,y ben .. HlI w ... palU 10 re. itll' or ,h. l. .ur.lvort .

Ml'dlc.re tnU M",ic. IU. begun .. pllrI 01 Ih' G'N' Soclel~ IOCIII p.og. ,m 01 tn. , $&(I' , . no.. pay m"'lcli beneln . '0 Ilcltrly ptrt lclpIInll "Hm'11MI .1 oYI' $2!! 1)llI lon • y .... An "tlmll.., II million Ott_' 65 + ..... II 11 P1d Dy MI'dI. etll ,ncl lo' Ml'dletldln 11111.

p,mapl ..... moll .ymtJOllc ac, II>t F"",.I GO'IImmen, nt5 I.k", lor 'hi ,ld .. ly lin tilth ' 0 ,,'It>lI,n 'hi Adm ln l'Iltlion on 1I.'jlnll ( ... 0,1. ) .. li nin HEW. The 01Utr "'m .. Ic:, n l ... e t 01 111&5 '$ltbU.1>ed ,1.0", .. 'lit loell fIO ln, .nU .o,Detl' lor In. . Iderly wl,nln Ihi F.., ... t bl/fMuc,acy. 'n ,n. H'''' .mendm ...... ' 0 lhe acl . Ine. '11&5. 'hi Cong r... nil "''''I1II11n«! ,1.0 ... . c ... ,..,. 5 .. " tncI lul>-S"" n.1 wolt. 01 "".,..;1 .. to woft. lor Ihi t-kltrly lllfOugnOUi till counlry. IncI 'OII<oPfltled mort Ind mOflll'\Of>l'l lor ",lwO", o.ogrtml. ,1.0,1. now edmlnlllt" progrtm. lor

••

• pl.nnlng,n<l1OC11i ..... Ic •••

• nU1fitlon . • mull l-p" rflO" .... Ior c ... -, .... ._cn tncI_.lopmen l In ag lnQ .

• mod.1 ""ling . .,tId .. ly .

p.oj.cl' d.mon· Inno'ltI... .....Ice

ltellnlq .... 101 I'"

,., inlnglor et_. In QII"OhIology .

• community Mf'fkl _ploymen, 01 In. ...,..". (CUI.... lIy run 1)y ,n. ~"""I 01 ltbor). tncI

• vol" nll1r wo"," lI'ogflm. 10' I'" IlGerl~ (cu' renlly ru" til ACrtON)_

,1.0 ,1.', prog"ma ...... lu'ldtd . 1 $520 million In '91$. Tn. ...,ploymI"' .nU OIDlun,", p' O\I rlm. , . Ct lve<! addlllon.1 'Of)fOl)rlll1onl 01 S2eO rnlIl IQfl . T ... y .... Il10 . t01l1 lunds ""lIlbl' lor I II Old .. ,1. "",1. etn. ACI progftml .. If. only 523 mill ion .

Su r"ly wlln I II ,ne.. Fedlf.J prOOr ..... Ind wlln In, Inc,uslng IIn'IICI.' comml,m.n' lrom tongr ... , InG In. P ... I<I.nl . , lit nttdl 01 . 11IoI'ly Amerletnl If. being larg"" $oer"Yld . ...... , '~.y? Gu.u aglln ,1.0 ... ·• IPOt<w.It.1pn ... p, .. ...... aboul $17 .nn .... lty lor eacn PWfSOh &0 O. 01"" , ... nUI . lllon p.ogrtm_ w"lc~ prowldHno' mH" 5 d.yll wetlr. In Ig'ouP M" lnll or Gel, .. " " " m 10 'nt homtrIC""", 52"50 mlillOf\ I ylll . or '!lOu' se .ll Ott . IIQlble j)tfSOh 0I11c ,",,1. etllm". ItlII I ~' nutr "lon I)I'OQ"m no .. Hr. ... 't" 'hln 2 j)tfc ... , 01 11"11 IIdl1ly. Medle ... ,nd M..,luld. dllplll ,n.I. " g"llletnl outl.y • • sllil p.y only. porlion 01 I'" 10111 medlc. , CO"I 01 Ihi tldIfly . MOil 01 lhe M"'lctld mo ...... - ." ."Im"'" 110 oerc ... ' goes '0 n""ih1l no ..... t lor c .. , ot I'" cn.onlclil y III Publ ic progr..." pIIy abou' 87 perc. ... , 01 1Ild .. ly .... lIh etre COli. : how_ . .... CSU .. 01 .1. lng COSII In. tlUl1ly .. m pa, tbO<I, 11"11 ... me 0111·01 -POCktt eol' l lor medlCll u... now II thly dld belor. MedlClre.

GAO nil teCOIInllid 'hi Impor_ ttncl ot mliklftQ ,,,, .. 11 IIIlng pfOQflm. mort .lItell .... ntI I. dI'oOt1ftQ mort _ mOIl rtlOUrc. .. 10 till .110" . 8 H""1 OU' I.Ml IlioNlI . nd . lgnUIctnI -" In IOC,",,' aecurl'y . M",lc:tttr i MedlctlO. arod DlhIr etllllOtlctl p.og,am. ,lit, IlItei lilt tlIItrIy. 0 ... 0 ..... " ""I-.. .udl. 1111 " , ... Adm lnl. _ I.ll lon on Alllng_ Our _ I woft. I ..... ""1 100II'" " luch di_H "PlCIi &I lhe nu lrlUon P<09'(" AC' Ion, NMCItd To ImprOWr the Nul rl, ion Program lor ,he E_ly." HRo.18-!WI1 _ lilt condition 01 • ..... plI 01 lldet1y In I IIfQI "rbIn ar .. I"TII' W.II.Bt!ftQ 01 Qldt< PIiopli In C'-ItncI. ()tI/o ." HRo. n .10). Report . ..... be IIIWICI In ,"" on ,1.0,1. model projlell In III lng MId on In. .. lilly 01 IoCII AOA_lundld 1OQInt," 10 admln l • • I .. IOC"'I ..... 1c .. lund .t41tel l.....,.

Fed ... 1 Orogrlm •• ft lmOOflInI . In_ . 1111. 10 senior cll lt .... t>ul ,hey dO nOl 101 ... III Ihi l)I'oblem, 01 OIU filii . "' .ny antly". DeIItYt 'hil lilt F""'II G". .. ""'",, will "...... 1>1 l1li. 10 hilly mill In. nttd. 01 Ihi .1OI. ly. , ~. IM)CIII lICu,lty lund I •• n.ky: Nlllonil ....lIn Inlurane. I. Itlil y .... • ... y. 'A uc:h .ldIIly I"PPOt1 no .. com •• no, 1rom Ihi G_nmen, bill lrom In. I,mlly IncI 1,1end. 01 0111 pOOpl • • GAO', CIt"ftll' 1III ttudy dOe" ...... Ie<! 1111, •• mlly . ncI Ir llnd nel .. o.... .nd H,I"",,,, Inll 15 j)tfCtn' 01 In- nom ....... Ice. 1)1'0-.i-oed to HII .Iderly come I.om In ll ",,"ork. no" rom till O ...... nm ... ' . Will IDd.V' , . m.n .. '.mlll .. De ..lItl ng lod MIlt to lho"kIe< 1111, OI/rdtn .0 yHr' irom now 10 .... "POt11 ... 1' ptrentl7 "no •• whirl will .hI ,uPPO" corn. Irom7

Tn.M .nd man.1 o,ner CjUHtlonS ... boling fliSld II lhe nighll! ...... no .. tncI will ~In Inc .... lng l"tn! iOtl In Int V .... Ihttd. 81-.id" Ihi IOCI'I ..euri,y tncI .... -tlon.1 hllii n In."rtne. ""'H. ' hi Cong,"' .. III De con.ldt<lng:

A Nlllonil POl icy lor tonllI .. ", etfl 01 11"11 tId."y . lm'" " IIndlng ,ul/lb r. '''"n,II,.. ' 0 n""lnll 1\Qm.. lor c llronlcilly 1m· pili.", I lr:ttrI y .

• Tn. nltd lor I CtbineHlr ... ! NlIIon,I ",,111\1 o llice "/IIIIn m.,.. ,1.ibllllY inti polltlctl ~clou' " Inln ,1"11 cu.",,, Adm!nlllfilton on Ag ing . Wlltt"" the 01 _ ",,,,,,1-etnl Act prog.aml IIIOuld cont1n ... '0 try 10 __ . " cltl . .... 8(101 eo .nU ".., or lhoul<l loe~1 mot. 'PlCitICJlllyon till 1,,11 .1O .. 1y 0_

... " TIt ..... _

Oto:lltonl on 11"11" I ........ lit IlItei .11 01 u ...... _ InlO our own ~\IOldtn YHf.;" 1M .... w .... _ ... y or anol ...... will come witilin C>U . lilll lmH.

W...... it Ii.. 10 be DIU In ",,,,,,1ce7 S' lck ..-d: It will De .. e llino 10 IIn<I 0 "1.

, 1 ... _~""_"'''''_0uI 1M ,.,...". _ "'" ... III o:ro '""

GMJ ...... /·_·_

'f ~ ,

•

l ____ ~,~, ~ __________ l_-_-_' _

n m"trulh." r.~·nen l 1m", n. St •• t" • • ' .... __ "0000 ._0, "" Stu ...... .,.,..., 11"_ .-I ........ of IN """"". "" _ ... .-I~,CJ'I ....

Wh,. IIID't PoO.,. Relleareh Ulled More b,. DeelllloDlDake_'t 10., ... , 00 •• ___ 11._ ..... Talli •• Ea.1I 0 •••• '1

UII"O" Del.,," kllo.llldO' PfOIlIu«\oI'I ....., d l • ...,.,lnetloll I, I 'Ollie 01 o ... ,ln,_, , ..... dey. In lh1 ~" field , In keeoIno wifl'l 'hi. -""P' ,.,~ . 1IO'1oft '''''' ~1., ..-cller •• 1\Ou1dtt. '"_'no 10 DOlley""""". 110' lon' IIIC" 01 ..... . , will ~.IN IN '.10011 ,,"Ie" mit'" 'mllf'O"4 ul1l1l"ton 01 ~. The ." .... I0Il remind. _ of 'hi I_I'*' ouotillofl:

A/Ifl ,,,..., ,,..,. I, fOO4 ~ 80".,.,.

, .... Ho_ 01 ",. -., etttI ,IN COCI,

W,..,. ",. towellf Ie. 10 lIN ...... •

_ lIN c.o,. I,/It tM/r 10 O~

Oftl) -.ntly _ .. al l., Ic. _ ..... _ l1l'i , . pendif_ _eel ' 0 .oclal _II ....., dIr¥eIol\fI"efI' . A tWIIIOft by , ... _10li0ii At ... ~ Council -,-, ,hal In " ..... ~ I.n. IN 1'''''111 Oo¥e<I'I ...... , otItlgoMeeI 11 .1 Dillion 10 lCqul ... ell ...... ,...... ....., .... "'-1IIda- Iboul _ .. ,"01)_ • • Thai InclucIH aoli9Mlon. 101" bot" IIMk end ..,...1IId "-" MIl ot __ tuefI _ ....... I0Il.

II.II"ieaI, MIl ell ............ ion 11'. "'-.. AeoIfI, .. l0:l00_ 1IIdiuI.. tNt( .J

fIO/lc)'fMk.,. DelIe<we _t.I K~ tMI '*11 them A nn GAO IftIIow of lOde! ~It 11M by MIlaNI POlicy,.,......,. (lIK~ 111011 • •• IIKUoI lont Moo. I!\;WI 10 IItfWftI 01 I" '~'t !lOP .,....,.. _ "" ltl ••• III " _II ~In' 1110<.0111 111M _III $C>IIICI . PIOuId flaW .... D.laMllt tI ' tel on 1111 10I1I .. 1I11orI 0 1 I\IIlIona! policy

o .... ........ , ~, ~ , UII'1eI ItwIt I ...... _ IIfObItml In 1111 .. 1I1111l11on 01 _Itt te_ ,_ ell In ,.,"'. 01 ",x la , OIl' • ' (ly allOwed Inll' I ! lII'e«Il 01 I poIlcy ....... _ Indlc4 • .., Ilia! 1111'/ __ not w ll.liId ... lltI . 111 " ..... I •• 1on 0 1 _tell ....... . In, o .. NtII. Pf(ICIUCIt Of 1n10 IK llnlQ .... ' 00' ~ IIOI"'~

,.., .k. Gap ....... . E ........... an" U.W_tl •• y

~ n .. "'1111 o. uo .... " lon. II ... .,.., 01111111 10 _ n\lor I ... 01111 bII_ IIIe • • pee'll lon. 01 OOI lty· ..,..,.,. tnd 1M KI .... III ItIU llon 01 _ ,.1 te\<tnQI ~.

1I ... ....c. l l yn,.. J,., _ .. HiI!'II'M Unl ...... lly. Idd ... _ 11\11 I ..... 01 1W'C/tIIIII'II. In till .... 01 _111..-,;11 "- I ffi--' Pf'SIIICI ...... H. ~lt ' 'MI, bttoN _ell PI. 1t _ .... 1\0-"'III . ..-..... ...., 11m. tt,_ 110-0 to 1M kind of ~1tdOI 1"-1 wi. tit' _ . ....,... 10 lilt Con-0'''', tile ,. te .. "" .,.clll, tnd 0lhIr .udillleall . Lynn CI1l1clnd ~ _1101"""1 1!\IIt _pM. l illd Ift4I¥1du11i ~I" fIt_ ,~.., con.kI.1nO l ilt WIIIII Ill .. .-.lIt f.lnlon:l~ ..... 1 01 ~, ~IIIIII In dl_""11nO I ICIII

_ ell lnI_ llon lito '-011 ....

...... '0 "'''' .. 'iI" .. ~ " ........ cone.,n II '*"'It"'" or not 1M ...... 11 . 01 .1Ie "-';1'1 KI .... " f.-cl'l lilt appropr"" ...... '" III """"'1_11 fon'f\ , F~' ty. flO '_I "'MIl_it _ /IIlIdI to! ,1111 0/IfI .. 0 1 ~. tnd d llllmlnJol lon II 011111 I\apM.l:M.

Tt, IOtm In ...t'tkI'I _ 1aI ... _fCI'I fMClIII DOlley"""" ... lIt • lItei 'M lIfO.peelt tOO' "IIIIl,lIon , AttNtch te9OfI. _ 011111 ... ,ltlill .or tcadlmlc 1Ud'-- r.t1lOl 1II1II Joor poIIcJm_.." ~11c, Impllealton.. . .. oclttlel ... 1111 III'OIICI .. ... 111 CIII onl, III • .c..t"fIId by ldItM 'IJ'~' K Q\II"no • .ncI ......... ..

M\O ptojtcl '--" GI lO9Ict ,_ _ I 10 policy I .. ,.... II I, 100' I~ II ... _ 'l1li1 IoIIICl'I ...-.;fI (\IoI.i9n tI'Iould .:lI te .... ..nk h II'O'IPI 01 .. _, In. ,--' ,. lnl...otd 10 -JI. ____ •••

P_h ••••

I .:to no! mun 10 IUVOft' ' ''-1 ulllltilion caf\ 1M .. , IIy 01 c ltarty " , ..... ,1eI A ' IlII:Iy I . ... ... 11, j .... _ l_t InIO ' -V comp'" Otcl. '~.no IJI'QCeU ,..,. -", .. .,... ImPKI 01 • W\ItI 01 ..... .., . hMIIn I,. ,n I..... ..... pro<rIdn ,M _lOr I,.JIQIOI 01 .... An • • amplt 0 1 ~ Ilrodlno' Del"" .. _ can III louncI WI 1M ~, fI_'~1I 1!tId Whltrl jI!!¥IfIy pro-0""" ...... • .. IIJII./ItII In ' M ' lIII0' • • I"'" ... .., 1111" conun .... on 'I'll lII" nlllon of.,.,..."y At, ... ""'" " " JIM on Ihi. [,_, I"". I, con.I:JIIf.llly mont 10'...,.,..,1 OIl • lII" nlllon . W. ItII 1l1li' __ O. 1M f_rdI _uc . .., ", ... ICI

''''''111 ' 0 ~ InclIcatorI 01 lllli!I.Iion

I ......... I.t.~.~ ....... r.u.,. .................... •• __ k ....

1nc;,_1fIO _III ~ u" ... 11t not tit' .lmp,. and peIn .... How_ . .... tlrllle<we ' l'1li IfIctMtecI InNnClIon tIrII...... POHc,.,.... ...., IOCioII II. cller" COIIId~" conl" bull 10 I'" .. 11+Iut1on 01

~"""". II ~ P¥l1c ...... ., ''''Il0'l .... 1 ' 01 ' I'll __ tnd ~mak ... 10 ..... __ 1_ .-. ., . dlel.1on "' .... III ",-.de by • ttrtlln dill _ Ih. InlOlmMIon I. It .. . 1l1li. ".. .... MI _ II" ..... ... MillY Otc •• Ion. . .UCII .. II\It\r.III DIMtoIII, 'oIiO'ao • WI _ .. : 01 l1li.. l iII. !flO" c,...ino ne. II'09f""" . _y ~ tonotr I ..... I~_. 104_, _I ~Jon. ...... .." dO no. """' .'" II_ 01 '''' '_ten lor • • I-.d .11Id .... r" .. ....... lIy _III I~M Ilmlno 01 • '" In'-lilon .. ~ ... f'ISIICIId II ..., Import .... I . ~ 111_ lion _ POI IcymIUtl tnd

_ III ~.-tnd C ..... com· IIWIIIu!Ion ~1nO ''''*_

101 .. II 01 'M In¥Ol¥tr.:l 0lIl l1li ... IM contfl !lu l ' 10 0_" lIN 01 _ .. -

In GAO I..... ,. • _1rIII1nO I11III 10 "" .. ,., lI_e~ ,_It. 10 I'" t lmttltllll _ 'lIICll lc Itgl. · 1M'" tnd --..oM _ . 01 com· mll_ . TIll, __ 1"'1 __

10 ., .... ) . ~ • ~ul Ilnt. W. m .. " _let IfWICC"' .... tnd ",,1. lIIdIl1O _ ',.11. bul"" """ "'"' the ... . "'" 01 tvtIk _1 l ime and .. _.... 10 _,., OUI III ~IOIII"

..-.ell 1ttIo19n.

u.u.u ••••• 1 ..... _.1 ••

W. tIIl_ 111.1 Inc..-_ In,.,. x tton till ....... poIle ymW. • • tnd _Ial f_ ellllfl coulCl conlfi!lu" '0 Imlll'O-..cl ulltll~llon . .... , ,fief, If. IImlll '0 Ih l, !n'lfKIIon ' 01' _ 11I1n9, , ..... _ IIOl ... IIII u ... , of • ,~" III1dy bIyOIICI .IIOM ...110 eo mm l' ''on . 111 ' Hlircll Steondlly UHf' eanno. 1M In.oIored In l ilt fI~ pI_lno and "'" not __ til IdIIIl iI..cI by I • ...--. l ..... "'orHfIII'I ....... _y '" ~ 10 01 .... ~ltlon. by 1n.11mI 1111 1I1Id , I. comt)lltlll In """'lion . ~ .... ",.., IIIICI ' 0 ~ ... MII 11M . _ IIolg.e 1l1li '''' If'IIIfXIIon PflrCMI ",.., [10M "" .... 10 In. • • I. Uno tMH_llt!c . INCI ....

AtIItIll 10 ' III 1._ 01 mull"'l1 _, I' tilt .. _ 01 """I~

IQIIIC' inll"" MOljOf 0 .... ' 1on • 011119 111_ 1. 1111 IIy _ .

could 1moI.. .:1,"_ aoencln _ .. no undI< • lllUltif_ 01 "iII_ 1111"'" ' 1M, .,,-, eom~. IIl" III IIO;,Indln~ or KOP

'110 ."'~ Of'IIr'"IlMIonel 0' ........ ..... pta,

• l1li[01 role 1ft _ 11'-0 pOoIw;y _CJ1 Ilia' I. Inl"" I'" Some OIgtn lllllonll PIItt.,n, fIllY III _ COft(IUC'" '0 orob'- .oMno I""" 01..... SOIM 0I'1)III1I:1t1on' l1li _ 10 ........... !luI l1li flO!

...... , . ... mlno 10 II'rII I","" 'nlO

. IK ' 'n tome ca ... , It I, -... (liflleu" 101' II«;lIIoIwnaIr lf' 10 k_ .11111 Inl_I_ ,...., _ , Alto, II ...... bltle<we .l1li1 e .. 'lIn .. _ ell Inlo,ml ilon ma~ tit' \lit.,. """ .. , 10 ' ''' _ , !n1_1I oil ..... Of9IIII Il.Hon, ."" ",.., III ..... ,,"llinO 10 d lte .... 01 .. ,11111 _ InlormMton, Alto. f'IMY POIIc:J' "' .. _ W, •• 1.........,. ~.y OIOPII.

';-"1' _ _ 1 __ 1_

I ' •

~

·.

and -« .. , to ,"-'" mlY be aim· c"n II .... y be nee ..... ,., lor ..... ~h." to 11\0101 '!lei, .,.rt memlle<. In • _lei 01 dlaloQue. al ... "., ... bul ,lie '_Hafer" ... mUir rOlCOQnlra ,Il. ' ,.~ 01 mi,_ und .... I..,.;I'''g "'II~ I. Imlll;el, In Ihl . son 01 a"angement

G"O 11 __ •• I.tar_tl". Proe __

'''' '.,1Ie o. ' M ul ll!~., io" 0' OtII OW" "'01'11 "". been 0 1 m~Of tonce'" It GAO Sub"e .. U.1 Inte<_ K l lOn w il li 0'" .. ' ool.,dl 01 0 "'0 Is • majol !WItt 01 Ou' IWI' ,IIU lon Ind .... ,yllul p.oeeIH' HOw_. In , ... ecl lQfl mu.' OCCur .. IH.'n • "lfTIt>WOtI< ,,,,,,'ne ... _ '''' j)OIley ,,!Panel 0' ou, ,"01'11 lor (OI'IQ .... ,10,..' and ue<;"rl" deeJ,Ion· mal ~ You mly tie In' .... '.., , ... Dflel d,scuUIOfI 01 Ih' • .,: , .... th't I. evolving .... ,Ihln GAO.

Wnll,n!toe pall dec_. OUt wort< II 0 ,1,0 nat l-.olvld IrOm • rocu. on lI ... nc~1 .... 0 economy Ind efll!;~y _", to • INIjOl' COflceln willi n" "::1,,11 efllotllwMu (II Fede<11 lI'OII' lml. Tile -.lOp. ....... , 0 1 01/' _I'll '.om ....,jl 10 PfOQ •• m ... .. ,ion and POlley aNll.,ll. lin ,t'd ... '0 Mel< "'0" 1OPII '" ic.,1tCI ... ".bot" ' 001'0 ... 1,. • l'1li pI,n OUI .. on. 100 10 .. Iu .. ... .PPlOI!tI'!ely 11101'1 I_I 01 InIM.ctlon .. It II 1.It .. II ' tlellionm ..... "

In 1015_ GAO In .. !luled , !)fO-

O •• m pJ ..... ing Iytt .... One c ... u.1 lUlU" 01 IhllIyll ..... 1Ildtnlily ino <1\1110' III"" U lit h,m.WOf1< 'Of pllnrolng ow won._ ..... , .. ult 01 lha' conllnulno ' !l0I'1 ... _ h ... 3S I ..... ""1 _1"11 • bfCNd SllKlrum 01 OO'lef'AfI\I!'Il tellwit, Some. luc n II looa. _OY. r-lin. Inc! .... Iron"""' _, .. nil _ P.<>6I«I\1 S- _. I ...

cl~ IIOm,,'1(: eo...:.ml: ,,1m., Itoulln\j . ,na ''In'pOr!lIlon. rhl pit" lor Ne" I ......... clew", ",n"" rh, IIIUI .... : WM' 11; It? W,..I doll II .. cludl? w ... , ar, 'M mljof CC)fICI1"ftS ... i'"in till I ...... .... ? wnl' '" , ... O'PI i" _rto .. • ledgt blt ... -. eonOIM IIQnI.I and • • .c:UIl.. ,.peel_ion, .na proO .. m I)If1Otm.nce1

rhl 1M" .ttp I. ldentllylng U".I-o , -.lfo' l ",,, Ie h .. p .... n l O'O\Ipl"O' 01 proltClI .... ie .. ",III aid In 1001.lnll ' hi ldennlllllll PIt»!em, Lif'III·ol •• lIort .. , cl .. , ltltd

,;,\u ~ .... . I.'.". 111010

IS P'Io"'V Ot rtonpflorl1v dUllno 'lie l8-rnon,n 1111100 c:~ed I:>~ 'III plln. III •• " ••• il.I:>I, "_'US

............ IItlf>Id our p'OII"m pi."nl"" 'PlHoac:II _, 'III I ... ..,.1If1l yell' . ...... IOdclld' CQ\/pl. 01 n, ... InO'ed il" ' , RICRnlly . ... e IIIUIG • 'PlCIII '1u'u ... Me'_IS' 'eqUI ........ ' lor ON(:" P'OII'lm pll" Th., SlCllpn oesc,ibes ,ne Q\/ifoolo lOt rill IIIIM .' .. In '81m, 01 emMgl"o p'Ol:>llm • • eoneM,,' lnO OPPOrtunll... ",I'IIC" mlg .. 1 Il)Im IIIe !:>Itsls lor lutu .. G"'O e!lOtl.

"'no,I\", I1k1 llIon 10 ou' P'OIIf1m ~I."nino P'OCHS I, an ............. 1 01 .... " .. ., been ompl"lItKI In ,el.llon 10 ",n.1 elM fINO. ' 0 be __ Tl'l it >0«1_ 01 '"' lHog"m pi ... flla," OU' PUII sue" .. '. 1IOf". "silmon,. _lid I:>I' lel1"o' 10 1111 .r.led objecU ... pi Me" 01 OUt pOoI'l, linll·o l-e IIOft T .... Pin 01 Illfl ptOCetl comp., ... 11I100""llon lrorn au. 'ud,1 _ .... luaHon .. or\ ... 1111 COflgft.l lonal .1>\1 • • t'I;~"" • • p.c II110ni ... d j U" m. nit. II m_ In 'III pl.n IP fl ileel , nlflo..ino 01 In. ~_lecfoe 11811 n • part lCulal I .. u .....

0I:>w1ou.1,. It I. "0 sm." luk ' 0 kno ...... 11"'. ~I"" on In ,~. «1111 ....", .nd ... 1 '11on !;Ommunlly I" _ .. I ......... , _ 01 pU' " ,., •

lion ••• ,"pon.I~II ' or krto",lne ...... 1 II " ;tOPlf\lnO Ind lOt _ IPII~II '1M p"" 101 OUI won. In '1111 .. .,.. TIIOse 'lIpor'1llt11e 101 tI,. pi.n ~ ac:I~1cI 1'0n! I ny penon In G"'O ... II<) can conlrlbull Ii,'enll .. .no ... ledge PI 'lie Conelln. 01 .hI Cong, ... I. OOlllf>ld I.om I,equ.nl eonltell ",i'lI GOAgfllllon.1 ....... -__ If\O Ihlil 11,11.. We -01100 malnlaln UI .... I.. conracl wliM .. teutiwe QOIieym ..... and ~ O"m m.nagerl. W..... ....,." !lelp I. Obllined 110m OUIII". conlUllan,. _ fIeO\II1l1l1111 •• !»fI. In 'III field. "'MI. l,mpOllum .... I'eo ... ntl, l'II'Id '0 b<lno 100-1 .... _" ",It .. ,,"' ..... , ,_Itt. . '11-POOle,," • ..." IdNI

... l alr1~ .ullll.n"aI lid 10 Ihll ~_1eDge bUt II IN wort< 'III' _ dO_purluanl 10 ,... ConO .... ,Qnal 81Jd~ A" 01 1l74_1n cIeoeIoping ..." monltOtlng """"", ,orin 01 l)fOIIfa"'· reI.ted 1"lormalion One pan 01 \1\1. ..... ' 0 dIoeIop ... Inlt,.l I_lory 01 .. lecled F.".,., IIIJ81ICY 1IfOO •• m .... Iuallon • • ,"OU m., h_ -.. 1111 III-g til.... .... ..." g_

oolume. on Fede'l! P'OIIl1m b.l.... "on, F.".,III".or .... llonSouru. ..." 5'$1 ..... . . nd Atcurrlng R. pOflS 10 1111 ConO''''

TheM ISlu, .... loal poInll .!gnngn", ... n. nc. pure.patllllt, IP 1M mor. re'POf'III~. I" p.ooucln, I' ...... , InlOlmli1on Inll will be uselul 10 1111 CIInQI,,' T ..... cenllf. oll" IOtmlUor. llelp 10 ml)re oule_l, Ind l"te' NII, P'_" lor IUltfllOn, . bf!lflng • • and coni .. · lnelS Ih.t mly 1M 'eqvelled by Ihl

-~. "' nolI'lM enlnlll part 01 our pl.nnlng I. m' I,, " ln lno CIOII 11.1· lIOI'I .. ,11'1 tne Conlllflalonal R. _ell SeMel. 1M Cong'fl'ionll 8u<1QIf OilICl • • nd ' h. Olllee 01 hcnnploOJ ..... e .. m.n l O n, <!>ICI\IIII.m willi to IS'~' IfIIt III ... nll cornP1l11IO P'oJect •• " cOOfdlnJrled I. till - A. uarcll NOli' 1if;a' 1on 5111 .... - ... lI lell " P' __ ac:I "' .... IV by tile COng .... io".1 Re· ""CI'I s.r.1CI Top fftIfI~1 olhe "ls hom 1""1 sllte< OIga,,1-.. lion. mHI blmOt'llnly ' 0 d'Ie .... 1111 _III 1111_ «IOI'd! ... '1on eltortl

"' noll'l" ~OmmUnlClllon .I'I'Ilc'COflCMn •• p;o.o,.m 01 'hi ColI· O .... iot'III ClelrlnohouH on 1111 FU' lI re. The CIN.lng"OUH pul:>li_ • monllll, _lllIt .. wII iclI tapOft. ' ''tell",,1 f rom ,lie T_ b.lwl,1on.nd M' nltOtlng P' OIIra.m HEAM ) TEAM I. 'pOf'I"" ed bJ 1111 C .... lnghouH and lIIe Congr ... lion,' R . ... ".. S"";ca 01 I'" Ubf..., 01 ConO'''' In 1M 1:>111.1 Ihll _olno I ....... _ 10 tie IIIointlllac:l .no .".Iylac:l IP Ol.e 1111 Cong .... _ 1..0 IIm .. ,o unoe,·

If\d 1111111 In I ... _"'V and 10 . " tielp." I ~e l'\III0' 01 'lIIh con 1111 ..... 11 •

OAO jIoIrtielflllH In TEA M. ,,"ie" Inool_ 0 .,,' , 2!t PIOPI' .. I\O II_ W)lun'_ed '0 mall. t .... IIfOO' ..... 1UCe .. ' Volunl ..... Inc'udI fftOfIltor. Inll 1b1l' 1C1 .... 1,.1. I'om cong .... 1onaI ollie .. , eommltt .... II...,., OfOllP'. _ Capitol Hili S"PPQ!I 'lI,nCIIl - OrA . CRS . cao _ 0"'0. !o4pnltoc. _ lno ""lrKl ""ie'" In 10 perlOdklll In 5 ... bltel ..... : pOIltlct Ind go'We<n",,"l , bu.l ..... and _ mIc • . eullu ... te~ v>d ItcllnoI09Y, 'nc! toel. 1 ~. An "'Mlyli' Comm'''" madfl U9 01 1 1010 ... ...,11. ~I 10 diacull till Impllclollon. and _gino pal1Mn • In 1111 ""1.tell IIIbmllled duflng

II

Ih' Pt~'O"" ]O.1I.y petloll. ThUI, ,ub,l.nll.L IntltKtlon I.

• n Integ .. 1 1*1 01 our II.ICIII .,." ..... 1 ... ' 1on ptOCI ..... And , we bl-t ..... 'Il101 Ihl. ,pPfOICh "" eon· trLbllllll 10 Ih. InctMIld u!L IIL.'1on 0' ou' 100"'. For ... mpl.. Ih. III iLLL'IIon 01 our '1pOn' Dy 11M CorIO"" ani! "" ..,.nc:IeI Ir. q.-Ily _II, In rnocILL~1on 10 1III1.I.llon or COffICU ... IClLon by lhe agencle • . W. k"p trKk 01 I ...... '"Ullt 1I11OU"h eccornpll~ """I 18IIOf1'. whlell we compllII IIInll.II)' .

At tIM teCllIIlI 01 Ih. SiMI' COmmL!!" on Hum.n R, IIO\II""" 10. 1 .... 111 • ,epa" ' 0 11M CO", .. " on 'h. II/Ite' '''''''' 01 ' 1M ~. """I 01 , IM Inl .. loI'. IIImln l.I'. lIOn 01 Ih. FIII .. at M.I" anCI Nonm'l .IIle Min. &tl.ty Ael. W. 'epotllll 1"'1 IlmUIII lNog .... nld belli ",Nt: In tIM ""lIy ttcatd 01 mIn .. coolfld by 11M tel . IItC. II. pt'U(i'l ln '9118. An ..:Ivanet .u .... m.ry 01 OUt .. Port lOll ulld ""10' , 1 .. ,ly In till SIII.1t 1l00f dtbllf DIIor. PI'''''' 01 ' ht FId ... , MI". SIllily tnCI H .. lth Ael 01 lin s.-..r,' ",owl.lon. In '1M tel w.tt mlCM In ICco<lI.ne. wllh Out .. c.ommtndil ion • .

In April 1171 , 10, 'lCom~ ,h.1 , .... Soclll StcUfiTy "lIminl .. ' ''lion Idl"Hly '110" Indl'lld ... I, .. no lOll' 11.,,1111 "Mill. DlCtu ... 01 . oct .. IIII.onll ... ourc ... M _I" I""'" 1111' t".,. mly now bot IIl;lbLt lor Suppl_1I1 s.curl,y I~ blnlfl" blCau.. 01 • ellln!!. In 111.1'10 on 110m' ownll' thlp . W •• 1'0 'lCom",""'1II 11111 . Imllil OUUN(;h " Iort' lit midi In tIM lulu", will" ""I, lltt .. ell~ II. m ill. , h.1 .IIICI jlfl'Wtou.l, 111"11<1 .pplll;ln" .

In J." ... .., '1178 , 10 , w.,.ldvIMd 11111 Soclat s.:ur lly wo~ld ~'tel .bOUl 0,0.000 10 70.000 oncI IY\cIII.I. "" ... lou.l, ".,,1tcI1IenII1I. bIcIu ... 01 . >c ... 'tsoure ... W. Wit, ,110 IIIvlllll Ihil . lmlllrOul'itlell .IIOfI ' will be ... Id. In tilt lulu" ,

RlCtnU, w. hIod ......... .,1. 01 • .. port wll ieh lOll ....,. IImtly , bII' Ihi ","",In... "lllClld lte'or. lit yond ou, control . In M .. e" ,IIN, du, lng 1111 Th'" MIIII 1.1Met nuclNr rNClor Inc:kltnl. _ Iliutod • '*0011 !lIKu .. lng III' n.:I !Of .IM. around "UCl .... ltelli lill 10 be blttll p"ptfld '0' 11d101o\l1e, I ...... !llnel... Th,.. I0Il11. ,.I.nd otr1.1f't1y lid '0 0.., 1IfIO" gotIII"" ..

morl Itt"'I ton Ih.n would Olllt. · wi'" h' .. IIItn Ih. CI ... IMrI w • would ""'. bItn quill I\IIIIIY nol '0 III .. hid .ue.~. ""omp' •• .."pl • 01 1111 prott l .... w. w_OII<;II"'ng.

A 'te"'1 "pOrt w. Iliutod tot ullll on FId" ••• mptoym.nl • • • ......... IoroJ In .. 1I1e1l w. 10llnd 'Il10' ,11' Pro' .1I1on1l IIId Admln ill'. I .... Ctrlll EumlNtlon (P"'CE) lOCI 11'11 Jllnlof FIdIf" ..... "I.n' Eumln.llon K '''n OUI "Itek 'PO p'bn"'1 • mUCh hlllnll f." I"'n w"ill' ,nd I"" ,_ "1Ic:~ , .. no pII" 11M "" Kor. hllln tnOUllh lor • ,..Ijille loG oppOrtun it y Wnllt 1111 "POri oIL". 110 IOluI lon 10 I'" ""oil""'. II ' 0<:11 .... I","lion on tilt need 10 _ .... .,1\1.1. on 1Ho .. IOplnll .. I.cilO" ," . tllodl whlen give IVl<Yon, '" IQwll c"_ne. '0' Imploym,"1 .. -"" •••. • ut lnll' com"" .... ' .nII PfOClucIL ... FId"at won. lorct

GAO •• part Pro.--_ •• I.t.r •• U ... Proe ...

0 .1.0 II In l .... ltd In 1nc:'''1@<! 1n18lte' lo" In • _,,!ely 01 conti>!'. OM part lcul.t conl .. 1 wh lch _ btCIu ... 01 our t"IIOfII I"III" .. 10 lilt CorIO'"'- ''' ....... tocuMII 01 , Irwot .... 11M ,1III, Ion,,,lp bellO_ CorIO'"' I rIII 'II' Ptog, ..... " .UlhorI, ...

In Novembtr '1117 . _ 1 .. \IId. .. pon,o Conll .... eIIltd . ~" lndlng 0\11 How Prog'am. " .. Wortr lno; Sugll"Uo n . 10' Con!! .... ton.1 O' ... I" n .. .. T"I. fepOrl ptOYtd.1 IIU~nct lor Jon Inl"tell_. proc •• 1 Invol..tng ..... UilOB iII10d elte l. 1enm...... Ih.t can .. ~1Id IIX pllftnlng "'" CIf"lIn" 0111 eong, ... lon,I""""!!,,, 01 orQQ""" .

W, . ug;..1 1"'1 lilt .h·.Lemen' ~. ~In whtn tiM ConQ' H' _I. 'tQi.JItIon ... lhorIrlnll • "'OIII.m • .I. , ,N' It ..... _ .IG'" 'lCIul,,,,,,,,,, 'lIOuld be -"111l1li OUI ID 11111 IIItnClei know whtn 1M ",1\1, 'Illy thouId I'IpOr\ 10 1 .... COng'''1 _I Imp ........ n'" .net .... I ... "ng I .... JIfOIJ''''''' till 01 .... .""""11 0 ' III. proc... wOliid Invol .. lnl8ltellon btlw_ "'_ cill tnCI comml" ... , Irntd '1 <;lI(llylng end. II_Nfl', "'JU.l· 1"11 . >teu"", 01l1li:11 policy , 1911icY JIfOIj"m dlll" n . te tl/II prog .. m tell.IU .. ,nd pllflnld ... IUitlon ........ , ... T .... 'UI ......... , In-

vol ... dlllnl"!! "".11111 'lQul'l...... t. lor .. lIOftl"!! ,1It t .. uU. O. CCIfI\plll1ll ~" ... ' Ion '1IId;es.

TM lnl .. IC' kot _.I"h' prOCIdllt, 1".1 w. prQClOlid would .11.,,11.11 • mor •• yll .... 1I1C ... Itw lNoc... . " " _.nll\l' 0 1 Ih • 1N0eI1i I. Ihll I IIlIOuOn Ii el ... l, 8fI leulio'u • fI¥Itw _.11 I", III PfOU''''''. Ii "10 """,II. c .... Dy. c ... 11." l>IllIy 'or " Itorln; thl lyPl 01 ",,11"" lon 10 III, nllU .. 0' 1111 O'OII'lm UM.t f~ItW . Inc. ....... lIon "'0II1d ... ult I,om • _1M 01 dll<; .... Ion. btlw_ com· m!tlNS ,net 1Qtnc1ei. W. 1111 .... Irll autn II 11<0<:111 wOllId IIId 10 11M Cong .... ' " ... 1 .. 1"1""1 In _ u" 01 .... I ... IIONI

A 'te .... I.Y IIIUICI 0 " 0 rtpOrI

dtaUn!! lO ll" " '" Dtpartml"1 01 All' ,!cult .... ·• W".. prog,.... Incor· 1IOf"" torn. "PIC" 01 'M ., • ......... , p,or;u • • "It .. OU' ....... 01 • USOA ..... ' ... IIon 01 I .... fll'ogt .... . w. fll'lC>IfICI QUiIlIonI wlln Ih .... I.'lnct 01 lhe USDA I rld ,ranSmI Ue<! In.m 101111 s.n.,. COmm;"" on "' a . leullu .. . Nu"" loon. tnd For.,.,,, . W ..... 1I'II"'td 1111' thtsl qlllllloni lit .... t '0 . 1. 'eCI .. " ~iII ",d " nollQO\f' IIn""",,1 otgtnlllllion. In\fOlvtod In _11M "" ...... " io". A, 'M .. qlllli 01 t .... comml"... ___ tyllll '1M ,""""RI Ina _IS III. cUlilon. wlln oUlel.l. I,om OM8 'M _I' 01 , .... tgencl" In· vol'fld. A, . ... ull 01 ,III. Inl .. te· II" ",,_I. we reCDmmtnclld 1"'1 1M commi" .. ""090II 1e;I,I.II .. ching" Ihll would lnc:,_ 'hi s.:"11fY 01 "'!!rleul tur'" 11II~ lblllt y In Idml"I".,I,,!! 1111 PfOU''''', W. 1110 'lIIIQI"ed U .... I • coonllNlI." d-III CO.llClion InC! ,_tCn .IIM lit,......, _" F"", .. tgtne IM ... teCllllfId.

Tilt tell ... Invol __ 1 01 ISte" .Ion .......... 'lGul .... eommll mtn' 01 ""~III tnd _~ limt tnd 'IIOU~. Con_II~ , . ..... 1 •• IIeIII '0 lit .. IIC ..... "' .... e" ", III nMd 10 lit ..... 1,1 .. 10 th. coati 01 te' ,,", Invo"'-I ...., ,lit btnllil. 01 .... hlneld 1IIClIIoNnIkIng IDIllly th,OU9h ,lit UM 01 f_en "'1'. For • • ,m.,I • • Ihi Cont .... ml~ 101, 11 10 11M ,!I tn. 11 .... 1"11 0 1 '111 ~llIhl __ " IIfOI)OIId Dy our otllCt onl~ .it" tilt _ I crucial p.itc .. 01 legl.t.t lon ...cI I .... . III.' ICII¥t roll In CIIlllin 01 ..... . Tilt IImll'IIoro. 0 1 II .... II'Id , • IOU ..... m.~ ....... 11111 on ly •• _

"AU ....... / ...... 1_

---

01 I". m.ny In .... nMdl"9 diet· l oon, ~ tIIIIIOIOU(III Iy .nllyted

C .... _ • • I ...

Til, IUI1.OIUly 0 1 "ll •• n l . l ,mely . oblecll .. IIliaO". Inlhilid IIH .. , II dOeS nol , " 1orn"lcaIly an ..... ,'1 """ In dac:tllonmlh l"9 FOf • 10"9 II .... . aor;lll Kieftll." w ... unwllUnll lO add .... I'" i ..... 01 .. tIl llllion . llIOH "'110 believeo 11111 I". '1011ie ot ' .... ' ell wll dlUned Oy III ul .. war. e1ll ie l,1td UII II ,.I 'on I. mu<;ll 11>011 OPenly .odlllMti IQd.y T'" ellal ll"ge 01 III. IIIIuII II 10 DellI< eMil'" wlllOl contl" .. I" 1It11hlllon. 10 detl<' mine Wlyl 10 dac:ide wl'lal II u IUlOI • • • nd 10 d ... IOp IK lln lq .... , nd o,gln l.llIo nl 10 'Klli"I' lI"n. 1I110n Til ..... 1I1\d"1J~ lng . ,110 .. 10 De conOu<;Ied wll ll in I ... conll.I ot • 1011' 'HU.cll p'oce" "'lIiell III ... ""p./Iul. 10 I". e"'''on . d ,U ... oon . and .. I,II, ,, IOft 0 1 _now · ",,.

W, II .... lea,ned 1"'1 an Inll<le' II... ~O<." . Del....... deC l. ,on· m'~"1 11'10 POl ic y re ... ,,"'" I. I c rllcll l IKtOf In pllnn lng IOf ulm· ,ahon. We III.e llao III,ned 111'1 POl ic y "Iea'c ll I, 11>0" li~.I, 10 til .. Ullled II plann ing 101 ull ll lil ion I, an Inleg .. ' part 01 III, 'HNn:;h III'OCI'" W. 1)11_ Ih.t .uell pllnnlng lhould addr", I ". 101-IOwl"9 Iypel 01 q ... "IonI ;

How w.1I 11Ien1l1l1oO and deII n.d II. d.cli lonmlh., ",obllm, .... ,11"9 rHNrch1

• Whil p.lorll l" ... 10 be p lleed Oft ,"pponlng 11<0-jecll dHIgn..G 10 .... 'P 101 ... 1M ClIObI""1 Idll'lUl1lld1

• HOW _II did _n;Il per. torm In .... lplllO 10 llnoM,· ' 111'10 t ... prolll"" .nd con· 1.IOu 0 U' lIOlullon1

• Ho'" w.I' did 1" 'Ofm"lon on ..... rch PlrlOImanc • ...,h I .... ' . ....... 1 deCl.lonm ....... ? To "' ... , 1.111'11 dk! deCl.lon· mak .... Ipply Ih ...... knO'lO' Il00111 10 Cll"'l11 .. peell· lion. 01 POltell'? .............

R.rb •• Y 0u.1"9 ' M monl" 0 ' M.,. w.

1 .. 1111100 " COftg .... lonel _Ing' on p'Oj)OHd ~1'lllIon 101 con' tAU . ..... / .. , ..... ,_

11,.111_1 ". ... . gll. W. MI en· eOUfageO ,,,., II'M!~' IPpe&f' 10 De I g'o"" ng consensus on III, " _ 10 Imp 'o, ' Cong' ... • caP'lbll' IY DOl" 10 lind ou l no ...... . 11 0 ' POO. ly I . .... , ' 1 ,"O",ng , "d 10 acl I"' OUII " 1I01" ,lIon on 111. b ... 11 o r ... ,.., I' II •• III''''''

FOI .. . . mp... In'OIml llon 01> P'OQ.lm. I n O pa/ oc, OP" onl WOliIO ...... 10 De 0 .. 1IOPeU .. 1 r-. ....led 10 I .... Conll" " '" I"" " Cl n leI '' 'POnl!b ly In deC l.ion, '0 cont ln ... . 't,mln.ll . 0' mOd,ty p.og •• ml . In 011. I • • " mony. we em· ph n lnG ," I ' tlI U., o .... 'g lll I(IlIIl f .l\O<old t.eQ1fI .1 I". "1","1 1fId~ O'lh. leglt' lll .. G.ocnl W.

u' ged ' ~'I Cong'ell. '1'1 ''''I'l0l'''''9 ne .... 0< In luuU'o<"lng 1 . llIlng prOQ'aml . 111.1 ., . ob jllClI' " Ino I . pecllllon t 10< SUCll P'OIl .. ml IS clU ,l y .. 'I leUibll W. a loo u'ged Ihll !I'M! Cong"" Includ. .. a tu 'OIY . ilqul •• m ..... w~lcn . 11 a ) 'PlC II~ If po •• rPI. /01 I yll ...,· ll ie onon llOlI"9 a nd "" III/ 'Oft 01 III P 09'lOml by 1 .... IoOmlnl'I" lng dltMlfI ."..., fI 01 "O""'CII$

511'''''''''' 0/ ~'OII"'" oOlec· ,I . .. 111(1 " . peeled ,"ull1 c.n ...... .. benchma,kl agl ln ll ""hlCII 10 IUCIgl tne perlOfm,nc, 0/ P'og .. ml 1000IIy s uell . lIt""""s .I\0Il10 De Incltoded In ~1.IIUon . bul ' lit. I. no. I I .. au p'acllcal. 101 I .ariety OIIASO'" etrtllnly fuell . 111"""'1' ahOu Id be 111(1_ I" com mill .............

In , .. lImony COfIClln lngeltacll .. 0 .... 11111' 01 ,,,. ' egu l,IOry IHOC' ... OAO j)Olnled OIIt thll ' I II ImPO'· lin' to nol. lnal I ... OD. ,ec" '''''1 IIlnd •• n 1M "'I,! 01 cl\OOfolng II>!! IeUI COlli, mttl'oOCl 01 aclllrri"9 regulllOfY goe,I. I • .-tImes In tM .... Dl I"9 ~I.llhon liMIt ....... III'" In I ...... acut l •• "'Inch Imp .... IIIIntli lon 01 lnal 1IQ1. ,.lIon. Con· g',,, oceu lol\llUy 1'Ia' .nac'loO leg lltaHon 111.1 mlndl'" • pl<1 •. cui .. feguiliton • .and I'" ,egllillory IOIncy I. elI..::tl .. ly lor.cloHd hom considerlrtg IU"",II-.. ,po pfOIC ..... . FOf .,..."pll. t .... t.l0I0f Vll'ltelllnlOfmll lon MIl Coli SinO' ACI . II .m"""'. !lli U.S.C. eI . nq.1 HI IOf call .pecille 11111 1 ... 1 economy .WI d"d' IIII! mull be mil oy I~. n. Deplrtment 01 Tr,n. f)Oftll lon and EPA II ... Oftly Ilmlled d llCteiton In Impl_lIng , .... Itw and may not contlde< wMI"" It I. 1 .... opHmai IUllegy 10 acll"'" I .... goal 01 ,edliCloO 'ue!

con,"mploon lh.l k,nd 0 1 _ ' Y'" II ,eq .. "ed D'; Senll1 Au" .. li ... ~Ic!'l ' eqlll'" th,l I 'eg ul'lory ImlllC l .. , Iu'lion til Inc luded In 1M comm' ttee . eC)lm .cco ma-ny· I" g .11 Cl'Ubhe b ,1I1 Ind lo,n l ,uolUllon1 '"u. IhI m./Of .1....."" 0 ' I ... O""'lOhl porOC'" _" 11;11 Cln 111'0-...tile a me"" ,nc..,ll .. 101 1"'11<_ lOW" . "111II' 1on. iI/'Id , .... 'C" .. " IIIIIIOn "'elude

I' ... · . ... achldll" whl(h can ,,1. '& ,n, lvIlC.!' 1110 " ' 10 eo'nc,OI ... "11 CO"g"ulona.! 0.1<5'10'" li .... llblll " 11_11 0 ' 11;"""" 00-JlKtI ... IOf PfOQ.,mt · .. II ~II

"" IIK~"" De" " till .... 'Of ..... "ng no ... well 11<0-g"m. If' wo' ~ .n g .~G wn" II.. . It .,,'.!lV' ' P ' p'OKnll mlY 0111< g' U'" p,oml"'. lnd " I MlliSII1nll ""lOGIC PlfiOl' minCI "1IO' l lng "<lu i" m..," wllicll wilt be d"tcll, UNlulln comrrlll" r_WI

.. •

... , " .ott ... , • _ .. . _ '"' ... .... _ .... , . I¥' <II .... { .... OJ\' ."0 ... "....,. 0..-_~ .. , _ ...... __

10' .... CPA ' ,m 01 h ... , A [ , .. , ... ' .. c_ . 1 5 ~, .. .. _ • .".

m"",," '"'" r "'" c-... a ~ '1_ W .. 'V" fi'II'IoO .... .... _11'-... .. _ . . ' co.o.~ ""._.". """"' .. " .... ... , s.oftI ......... ~ ....... _~ _ ............ ......... ........ ~"s ;_. A

The Three MOe 1.laad lV.elear Aeeldeat. GAO'. Role

H .. , ( 00 • m. on Wtod_v. M.e" 018 , 1119 . ... _. occu.~ ... "Ic;" "I9~tod , ... wor l' toCclden. It! .... "1,,0f"\" of co.,u" .. 1uI "U· c_ POW" HlfOIIOII. CL 'Ib,n. ItO'l O. ~u lom ... ' "'IUutw;"on. IncI p" n, operlltlor "'01", , ... ~, 0 1 I n\olCI .. , '-":' 01 ..... "o'O,dtod 01 coo"n" w.,.. 10IIII enough '0 c lwll II.IOWI d''''I,,' l • • " • _".. 01 ,ldIOteI'" l'I'II' erlal. .ncI g_1 • .tCaPtod •• om '" , cor. ""0 , ... ",,;,0< .y.t .... ...., swD-HQ ..... rry In,o , ... m ... I .. con-( 11111' COfIII'n""n, bullo lnll su" rounGlng , ... _ ,or. Becau .. tM conll ln"",,' buUolng ..... no, 1m. mtodllllltlV 1.0/1'''' 'rom , ... '"' of 'Ole ~I ... ' . con' .... I" •• tod ... " ... . .. pu"'''''' 1"' 0 lno'.... . , ... _uti bu"oing .. 1IIf1 unk,.."..." lmoun" 01 ,loIIloac1lvlty eKII)Id Into , ... env"OfIm ... , .

WIll .. , ..... et\¥t.on"""'11 I. lei ... . ... IlOl 0eI.......a .0 "-

_ .1""Ulc.ln" mUC:II con' u.IOfI " '"11011 I'" 11 .... 0' , ... acci!len' 11 .... c_ '"11 , ... plant OPl'lIorl _ ow ....... 'III nuct_ IrIdu .. .., . WId ..... S'.,. _ Feoerl' Govern. .......11 Gil! not tully Wndlrltancl 8fId ....... no. p',pa.1oII '0 deal ... 11" t .... _nil .. ' '''Y "'PPltled. TIIII "11 ' .... ,"d1ed ... IoUI QIIII1Ion.I about 'III .. Illy 01 nuc .... 110." Inc!

IIu '"''''_ '0 ,educ:. 'ure"" 'III 110, ... 1111 of nuclei, 110 .... In 1'" _gy Multi of 'III Un l'lKI S'lt ... H ••••• _t. r o.-_t ••

II nuc.... _ ,or II. limply .,.,..,. I topIIllllcltld mIdIi ... .. ,.iell IIr(1ducII IIIII1Hm used 10 dti ... 11Irt)! ... Inc! produc. 1Iec!ricl,y. II I. compallb .. '0 ,,.. bolter 'n I COIl or oU·ll.ed 110 . .. 1)11111 , ... INI!1lCwl .. _ lor II f hfll ... , .. IIJaneI I, callecl I prnlurized.

_ _ 001 .. "'"' .. __ ., _ .....

II OM ' . .... . / . ...... , _

•

·'

Ilg ht .w • • ." .toIe.O' ~"" II ...... IIgh, jOfdln.,..,l ... , .. , I>elCl "noel , ., ... , .. ",.IIU" , 10 ' .... 0 .. lIN, I.om ' lie Rue ... , COf. Til. ,,'Oil PI'"~IfI'-_1 2.200 (IOUn,s. ~ IIIU"-' lnc;fI _ptI'mU 'h' w .... ' 0 tie I'Ieale<110 '!IOut liOOo F . .... ' ''-'' .. 11_' tlOollnQ '"" .... ""IIe.,ee! .. ".. mo... Irom 111. COl. to • P''':' o. i'Qu lpmltfll calltd • ItHm

0-"""0' wl'>e,' ." 11", " uQd '0 DOli InOllll' lupply ot ''''If rn .. . , ..... gene .. '.,;! II~ In,. HCOI>II I"PII'Y lu.n. ,"- '"'1),,.. 'lid 11<0-dUC" .Iee' ''e, 'Y '''0 Hpal'''! ... '",1111>1>" ..... "HId In .111. type 0 ' • ..,;101 !*:au .. ,,,. 'iii'" "0\10. IRg .h fOUgh Ih. nuclta. COl'1l PIC" UP ~ '..:IIoac." . I,y and 1'1"" !III ~"" 'sol.le<! " om \h' ..,."Of" ......" U •• c , lIe<! 11>11 pll"',1"/ , y.,lm .... ,.,. ",lIil, til' 0 ...... ~lIpply 1I'llI1 ! .. ,n , 1M Iu'b'nes ,~ c.Ile<llh, HCondlly 'yl tem

TIl. A •• ld •• ' 01'1 In, m(lO'nl"ll 01 "" tCII 28

11119. ,lie .uctOl " " "" M,Ie I" .nd ... u .. ..,,,."11 ., "mOll 'ull _ . ., A rna(l ul'Ghon IIOPIMO 1M ' !ow 01 Heondtry .y., .... .. " .. In 'M . ,um ~'ilIOf. c ..... 1IQ '~e Pfl"",.., cOOII"1I 10101'... ilnd l lIe II",le,. Cg •• ' 0 g ••• "u, .IIUI'IOuIl" ,lie 'eac l'" q .. lck l ~ '~UI li N " del .. " and sal el y ' YIII"'1 . .. ,om," e.By ,,"ned ' 0 ' unellon. IIIe Ope .. 1"" . , ,lie p, .... , "'11,n''''o'eleel ce 'llln ''''Hymenll'nd ,,,._ 011 some 0 1 IIIe aut""",I" "'e,y w ....... ,r". ctlU11lld '''e core to ... _ 04 cool,n ll .. " .... nd 10 __ I. ,,,,,11"'11 In ' I9nlllc.,.1 Qio"'lIQe ill'ICI _ ",,111nll 01 ,"e COte Radio-1oC, .. e pa'hcle •• n<! ~ ... Ofdl .... . 'I y eonlillned '''I'M ,lie .... ,,' ,ubol' lIO'o,nll lne nue'''' I"e' e-clped '"'0 I ~' ~ooll ng wI'e' . Inti I,nall y Into ' M Ia.ge COtIe.ele Ind .. "'" cOfUiI,n",.", bulldlllg • .,ItOUnd ,ng ,,,. 'MCI Of BeIOt"'" "lInl _"or .... lIreel ..... , .... M"oe""'11 10 tiM 'Nelor 1111. cOtuaml ... ·eeI wit ... .. n "'''''1*' 10 stOtage , .... ka DUIIICHI ,,,e con· lf1nm.,,' bu ilding '''11 .... , .... eou.c. 0 1 nIOIl 01 In, ''''1oK'''" "lelSe . II l"e I II • .

DIlling l"e tI'lI dey. 01 lhe ~1d"'I . "'ueft "I~ C"",' lfed Ifo .... d 1/1. " yd,OO'" buM" , ... , 1\111 torlTMd Inlklll 11M ,_lor .y ...... ..-d 0 1 '''' IICIIIIII.llo • • .;om"Ie'. corl ",elldO .. " 'III nyll'ogen r..a bien , .... ....., l.om • c ...... lnl

I."" "oW" /"',,,,, 1_

"loClIlln 01 I~' I"pe'''eal&ll wile' w,I" , .... IItconl"", "'e' ill ' ulA' en<;iI""1I 11'1, "'I",,,m 'I'll 11 " U ' '''&11 1!IiII nyd' og'" •• ery .. " lIa1l1e ......... 1 m'lIhl , . plode .nd or· '" _ Ihl '~IO' Iy""'" "' .... ,ng " ''''""U.ble 10 coo' ,I' .. """"iI' co'. Th,' ',I"ahon to, h, ... '" 'U"UeP ,n I (o"'ole, . { 'f< ",. 1It10 .. " and pOnlb'Y ~ ""'0' ,tie". 0 ' "<1I0KI''''~ ,n,,, I~~

al"'o,,,"'" Tn. h~ dlO1IIt" It . plos.on ne,'·

"'.1 .. ,. 1'/&11 I'IO .. It ... InII ,I ,

nO'" II'IOUllhl In., I"cn ." e' p' ._ IOU 1'101 POIS.DIe To t .pl_ o. ~ gen " OUIII ~ ... IIiId 10 011 ",.ft

... ,, ' on ''''' .H'.... ...., " ., o-.II~ bll_«I ,1'1'1 1'10 O 'lll"~

"'" P, ..... , FOf' PI'IOII O. ,."' .. I'\()'ooevll' Ih •• ~,,_ "'..en ~o~

c,," .nd .n,,"y II ~u _" n ll", '11td 11'1.1 11'1<1 ,*O. SI co"~e .. III'. 'e ' .... 0' 'eP,<)&(".·· Ito",. "uclea, iI«.tlenl couttl ,n.o"" tn .. ,"''''ltd .... 1I .. lh 01 ) JOO tIeOp41 .tbOut 45 000 ",Iy ,lInes .. s ."" "._.1 II'IOUUt'lIl Iq".,tt ",.t." , ,on,Im .... ,1td ,_

Hc.pun",,,'" Ih e ,\ •• Id •••

0 ... "" ,, , ... oOCCclt1otfll Mil pa"~ 01 " . "",11 .. ,"d~'lIy .m! lhe a.o. .,..,,"'''', ."" '.""5Inlll"'l" 10 '~e si,e Spec'" Im!~"'y 'l'I.n~ lin . g'DU P' ",1t,1t 1I •• b llll'l&ll ' 0 '''IIY1. , ... ongOIng "~1I .nj p it .. COt

' K " '" ""'CII Till Nuelea. "'III" 1110<'/ Com"" .. """ tne 0ecII'1 ...... , 01 E ..... gy 1111 E ... " .......... III PrOIKI IO" ... ~, anti 0 .......... ' />lOp" _ ~"IP"''''1 10 USlI' If. '''' OK"'O<'I_~ '''IIIIfOC:'' ' _ 10 ",onllor • ..., U IC"II, e 11'1' eIlKI,

01 IIIe '''''0&(''''' " 'eaHS Whlll '''" 'e'""n" HI"" ."'

PfIIl " I , ''', .. w.'. olten COn'" .,.", .ntl ""COO'"'''"1K1 . '10'" I.~ ,ng pllC'-O' II HemIKl '~'I .... , 10 "M UUDhC Tile , . PItf1 s ,,, I"" Ind"I1"'" an<! GOW .. n"'.fII 0'" not 'ppe.! to und .. Sllnd lui', .. M I Wit 1Iappitf>lnll 0 ' III'" 0f'I .... 1I'l00' 10 d .. , .. i,n ,I C .... 'Iy ",,,ned "" .. De,ween ,n, 01 ... , O ...... S Ind Ol)ltllor. 'nd 'III Hue'_ "' .... "1.'.,.., cam",I .. ,.". I\aP nol Del" pI .... IOUJl~ ""110 1i,1IICI . Ind QU .. "on, 01 ly"Sd 'e. , "'" and Ie.., ... hlo oll.n liON E.l"", .. II ...... CO .. '"" pI ' III a;:c:kI..,1 wll _."..... In'_ · Ir... bul o tl'" "".leadlng _ .lIIl ... I"II It "'1«:,,, tile ...... 01

•

,n' ... " " ''''''''g ~I ,ntl " •• In ~"n 'n"'t~"~ ,1ft'lI''''''01

tff" .n"C'r.',"" .n 1 ,~~ .... ~, liP'"'" 'n,oD"~ ... ~ ".p .. ",),\'l ... "

J. ~ • ....,

'''~'I ell"".. ,~ , ..... ' Ato< I }!) "" '.0' .' ,,~, 'f.

.. ~~' ,tH II"'" I~a' 1~." " ,~ •••• ".~ h .n~"" ", ~,~" I ',"u. .." n . .. n," 'f.~~' '~e., l,n<1.no, ~" ~".,,' ~ 'ull<,.,"g ,~ • .00: • 1M" I~ •. ,,,,,~., ,"""tlt\'

.. j ~,~, ~""ro, lid" 'i'H'<" •• 1 ')"')1> c~"..., .~" ,,~< •• '

~'"'' .~.','~I. .. n·" I or",, ' ,. I '"'' ,o''' '" "'0''''.1, ,,'.1., nil ,. ,,, .... M '~"·.n'l Tn .. C.", ... ~, •.. , , ,, .~ .......... J .... ~ .. , '. , ... ,~""~" ... ~ '"~ ".I''''~ I "Mo'. ,., n '''''' J."I '" '" .. , ,.'" " ." • ., !, .... , '''''I '~'I'·.o' .plh,'·I. ," .... , I"""~ a~" ""y,~"'''N' .. ,' , ... .,. Idb ~ '0 '~51,',M

,~" N,1<'.a' R gy"" I, C "''''. •• ,,' ""''''~'~O<·'L·''I .,..! "II ;lYI' " .. ,~~...a u'~" "e'" roy( .... ", '''~'' '" <I ... "..., '.l'~" ............ , ,I .,~" , ""' .. ,~ .. ..: .d~~' .~1 oJ« I', ...... 1 ii' .. , '.r' , .... ,,,,I C ..... .. ' '''', n ~"'I .. .os ,no '" .. ~ ,II 0"· •• , ,,,'~ 1 _"d (,." «II n ~'I 0"""11 B· J ,Yn''''l"~'.1 'r Ih~ a _"'~"I ,n •• ,II"" ,,",P'" "11<1 .nsp",,'o,s!(. 'M ,.,. h ,~.I I". I'" ""'C'Ue~1 ~fll'''''n" 'he III Q .... nc. ,n .. nocn '1 "ar.~""" '1'1(1 •.•. "··e po'''''I'.' ... ",.... ".'f 1><>'1 ''IUf'ti " .11'00"'1 ,t,q ,. C'"Oed ,n., '''e "n',h .,",.,,,. '1Ie1CC.<III'11 .... ' .. tn,","".1 "'" I'"~ ''''ely "'~.O""~, ,nil'" eel ... I~. PI."1 co..'eI ..... , . P, ..... " • ..:I .n, H"O~S ton_uen( .. ,t In. "''''PO m.nl ~iod been P.,"',II..:1 10 ."IIC · IIpn I. 1"'gneo wn,'( I~" "~~y 10,,"0 I"" ,mp,o •• ",.nU ce ... II' toe mMII ,n . ~ •• ~;OC ' O· !fe"II" '''11 ,r. ""e.gltlcv D'OC&llU'U 'lI~ne,ally

'.,,'Ied "'" tIeI1or .... "'-e o. ",. "'a"1 0",'&1or1 I~a In. 111''''''11 ,nev""'" fK_

,"" N"C~' ~"1f"0,,,, Comm .. "0<'1 " .. ol~ .... "'POrt.", SIuII." """"",.y Itl n""IN' IIC' ", ... pl.nl ,.~",s,ng 'nd Inlllf'!" lIpn OIl OC" ~ ••• DeII"n 10 ... 1 .. 111 IPI.l, 1)11" P .. ' o' .... ne .. '0 o .... ""n. II cft.ngn .noulO De "'leIe ,n 11g ~ , 01 !PI," Mill "'II'" I .. IeItI"IOf'\, Ine Comm'~"on ".s pull..:l I· ...... PI .... ~O 01 111 .",pIO~~' '0 lIully ...... "~I ot ,nl tcelO"" _

17

"IIIeI!!y ",Iull' It.. C<'!mmlslion', perfo.m.nc. . boll1 t>elooa .nd durin ... III. acel"enl to..,d t.edib!lily 10 111 11 1.11 .. InYIIIIlg • . lion . III. COmmlulon illS MO'" gat~ IIIIS ".It I.om III •• 111 01 In. 00 .... "111111011 .~d II" h l.ed ,n I~ pend",,1 IIw IIfm 10 .uper.i ... "d •• ".~.~ 1111 111001

SII0fI11 .11 .. Inl acckllnl . P'II I· denl ca'I ... ppolnlild • lpee'" eommlulon 10 In>'tl.t 1'01'" till ..,. eidenl Ind ,ecommend ..... n_· Ing Imp'O"''''''"1 00 e ll.ngl . tn l. g'OUP. wltn I budgll 01 SI . ~ million .nd • sl,lI 01 70 p.olll· llonsl • . nil bHn ... Iewlng .lmOIl I'V'IfY ph.1I 01 Ih' Ktiden. rMy .11 .. peeled 10 In u ••• ,pon In ... IV '990. WilPlDui tn. ' Iigm . ... 1 dlpendenc. on '1111" 11'>1 Nucle .. ReguillOlY CommlSllon o. 1111 nu · cl ... Ind ullry 10 'nSlyli III lind · Ingl . In ll ,pee,.1 comm,u lon nn no glaring conlUt i. D. Inl ..... Ind ",,1M oppo" unltV 10 In'''feC i 111.11 IPlDughll In iO tn l .n.ly. l, 01 1111 Tn.1II ~II. ISlend ICclden •.

In lIddUion 10 Ihue In'fe3I!g'' 'IOn" m.ny cong"51lon.1 eom mll· III. '"ponded In.fplv ' 0 I~" lCeldenl bV IKl'Iedullng 1IN.lngs MUCn I •• tlmonv ... a t I.ken on Ine acel<l .... l, it. caU"' , ' M '01, 01 tne FId ... 1 GOIIemm ... I In .n~n" l"g 10 tn. Itcld.nl .nd regul.Ung tn, nuclea. Indullry A 'PlCI.1 o;on. Qfeulon.1 1" .... lg .lIon was 'U· .nooilid 10 $tudy I'" accldenl . "" lis c.u .. ,.nd .tcOm m ... d nlllled Con"lIlllonll ICllon . "" .. v con· gresslon.1 eommll1_ Ind Mem· bert n ••• 'M!utslld III, G ...... J Accounting OntCI to In ... " lg'" • .,101.11 &Spec .. " I In. TII'II "" " 1111"" ICcldl " 1 .nd prOvide Ou r I"depend,n, ... IIVI I. olIn. _ nil. 'nd ,",1 . Impll(;lllOnl. on In. lulu" 01 nuclea. pOw", I.. IhI UnUM! SI '''S.

GAO'. H .. I.

AlllIOugn GAO' , '011 In 1". Til." "'", 1.!1I'Id Itcldl"l "Iml I.om 10' c Ulc <;ong .... lo ... \ Int"." , I,.... I, 1Itt11 <10\111. 1 .... 1 w. woulll III •• gonln \n.ol ¥ld .....,Iu.lly. even wltnOUI I 'M!uel!, GAO .... conllll ... lly 1 ...... lIg .. ed and ... pOrted III, ImPOrt ... 1 or cont.o_· I:' ! luult /I'I\lnll .0 nu~I .. ' pow.. . In lit!, ........ 1 nuc"" "''''gy lo plc, IIId nOI become Inuit unlllldentlflfd by GAO. Fo<

••

inl" ncl , 'n tne pnt. Our llPOrtl "I" 1I, ... ,n ."entio" to

'", l.,adeQ ... l, , nd ,noon· II" .... "y ' OOlied secu.lty II· QulremlntS •• nucl ... oow.. pl~n" wlliell COUld loe •• I""" .ulne"III •• o "lac' 0' UDOllgl . .,.. qUalt lon 01 " ","c,.1 II.bllltV 10' .11 ...... 1 .. " de · commllllo .. lng .nd dlConIIm!n . Iion 01 nucl ••• PO"" pl.n,s_ an Impar.anl con .. -d ... hon II Til." "' " , Isl.n~ 11 1M ,,1 ... Oled p l'''1 c . .. nOI bit e llhlned UP . t~. I.c~ 01 adM! u.1I trlln lng .nd Qu.I,HeIl IOn. 01 Nu· e l .. , RIIQ .. III OIY C<'!mrnlt· slon Ilc ... ,lng oo.'d memo IIItI ... hO I"IUI IIcenSH 10< n ucle.' pO"'"p'.nt con "'uC I ,O" . nll O",lIl lon. .h. 1,lIu'l 01 lne Nucle" RlIQ ulll o<y Com m,sslon 10 ma' . IndlOl"Pln' "'Ilu. . Ions 01 I"" Qua"IW 01 "U· CIUI DOWerD llnl conlllUC. lion I<'d Ina 1.11,,,. 10 In.u 'I I"" """" .11 .deQultely .nd !dlely 11<1' 11 - 1 p'DIllem tnl1 has strong ImpllCltlonl II tnfee "' III 'SiInd In. r"luII 0' th' COmm .. · liOn ' 0 .ystem ...... ll w ...-IIU , .11 " ue lll ' POw .. pl.n l .e. cld.MI 0 ' ...-enl . 10 dellf' mIni II 111111'" Ind ,cat lon. 01 I"", ... mOil g.ne. lc p'ob. lems _ Til". !<-a •• bIIfl simi, I •• IICc ld ... " II Olh" 00"'''' plan.S wn lc n .nOl.lld lI.ve II,n'" .111 C<'!mm lllion .0 III, poUontl.1 10' acciDe" I. I UC h as TII'IM Mill "lind.

, IIIe 1 .. 11 .. ,1 01 1M Comm l, · lion 10 Inlull tllll ul,II'"' • nd :tulfou""lng St.II ,,"0 loat! go .... nm ..... lied ed ... Quate ,mMgenc, planl 10 Dell ... ltn "ucl". ICcldenIJ .. ~ 1M lac_ 01 progflll by In. FedlW.1 GOII .. nm ... 1 In ae.l· Ing Willi Ine 110 .. ge I nd dllPOslt 01 .ow. ImI nlgll. 1 .... 1 nuclH' ", .. III . • p.ao!em 'hit . IS muCh IS Til'" "' II, "lind, In'''I .... S Ih ~ lu.u ... 01 nUCI ... pow"

With Ihl, bI(;Ioground . OAO wi. ug ... 0 gel Inool.1Id In Inl Itc ... Den, Invell lgltlOf' 111_ 1.111. II ·

lind ,eo,n.nll Ihe mOl' ,mtlOt! ~nl

. vent ,n III. h'SIory 01 comm"Cili nutlUf OOW.' Ind m.y .",,11 .. lth .. Ih .. ,11(1 01 n~e!ea' ,ne'gy Of • ,enewell nucl~ ... bog'""'"g '" Ine UnuOid Stat"

A. ,t .. ow lIana •• M GI\O 11.011 hn _ ,,,, • • 1'11, I."" 10 Ulll)hSh I ~e seoOl 01 wo~ II leels moSi .pp.oo"atl ro. Tn, ee '-4 111 III .. nd · ,el.led ".ia.. . In riCI i/ol OU' st .. II'. S~gg"1I0n Ih. ,n"'Olled cong ren>on.1 ell .. "men I!;J'''''' Iha l GI\O .hOu'lI nOI con.+a .. "ng '"e numbel 01 Invest'Ollion. 81f1811V ~nd_ay COnlluC I .nOln" IlI(Ie oendenl , .. , .... 01 IhI acclolen l I""~~ ' I w i •• g.eeo Illil GI\ O Shoul·j cfosa1~ m!)nllo' Ille .,,,<>u. ,n(:luS .. ,,1 Ind gove,nm,n1l1 Inves, tog " 'o", Ind '~ ro" ou' OIIe .... '" .nll contl,,~Jon. On Ihl aa""ulC y 01 .hll' ... o.~ all(l In.I ~ .,s

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MOil _1/1 ,.\e ,I I".. IIlIn,tCI ,nil yo .. ng dllv." '''0 .. '11 M . mIlCh mo •• rOf ~"'ClmOb'll ,n,u' anC' I"an Olll~' IIII'~" YIIU"g.' II"'~" "" .. muc" *0'" 'ecu'lIl 1M III. Cullan, pllce 1I'"e,,,,," ". .~!«, ,nal''''' "Onp "'0' "II<.lly II II uMen"bl~ Itu. ''''1' ~ouIIg d"_' IIIVf' more "Muen. 1M mora _If. 10.MI Inl~ OIM' d"'1!" younO ..... ' .. ",""IC,,\I,I • Lu' ,n .. , dotl flO' a.spOM 01 Ih • .... " ...... , 'el~ A""OUII" . OU"9 11"_' ... 11'''''0 " .... "'gn" IOn.. II e!0" nnl 1~lClm,"c.lly 11'110" In. 1 III younOIl"'"'' .nDule! M~ mora 10 Coyer INt .,nl DI .. '''''' fOO' II It P'o pe, I"'Y M~ U mUCII II ' '',y dO .. nJ" 'lie c""."t 'V""" In 1..-1. , ... "'lomo~'I. '"I"flnce •• sH.c.llOfI "~I"""" blComa .. ~'te con/f~, 'aI .acenUy

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Till 1110'1 01 _.y III 5",," p'o' ''b,' 'nlu •• nCfl ,.t •• I.om being · unl.l.lv II "Ju .mln •• o!"/ .- 1»1' Cl h lIu el. lm 1111 'U" ... , ,1 ... " "."0<1 IVII .... .:onll"ulll lUll ,,,,,n ...... " lIilCllmlnll 'OII . 10' ........ ' eil lIOfI.

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"'1>0'"'' .,pee, 01 In l, '~'ue '. 1M que,IIOn O. p, oclng AJe I, • ...... 'OUVn GII'CIiCiPt 01 Iu.u .. acC' O-..t, ... . IIOlecI' __ moll peG-P lot n .... ' n" ••• n ICC '\-enl ,n _ O, .. n yUI Tn. Q"e.nol'l " no .. m..e" 11 0 VOll e""'lIe ,nll,. 'ou'" Dasect on Im""'KI .n ' o< .... I_· 11\1 cu,,.,,t .V"em "'.v ovlfcna'ge lite yGung 1I".e,. n"ndfelll 0' 0011 • •• C"IICI el .,m 11111 II P'IC' !f>Q , ... no. E:N per!lCtly acCu'.I. "' .s I.".. '0 _c""O' I '_III " umblt 0' 1MIOC!le '0 0< 01'0 dolll,. In," 10 O'''' ''.'g. A Imlll num~, nund'ed' at CIOII." In. cu""" lV . ,.... '1\11 "M" e ."u, ... , ov .. cn .. ;es on 'III bU,. o' ,mper 11K' ,n lo'mll,O"

,.11"C/I,Ig '" m' IOIl1 y 01 tn. ~I"" .. "II'Oft .Y., .... C" ' OC .m PIfI.,n. 10 I"" I"ue o ' ,"II.ng I ~1I"0-geneau. colllC' ,n" o/'IIII' .. du", II • ,I"gl' g'o uC! .• ne,e '. 1110 1M Oue."Oft ot ,..1\11" .. ,n, g,o~ol

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.<.> 1011" S •• 1e ... , ..... 1M 'al,ng ,~ • "'0"" ... no, .",IHea Oy mo" ·n.u,anc:, II""""""~" In mOil (lsn ''''SOI ,t'"'o-.n . ..... libh,hed long~ .. 01 .. 1)I00'<lSI abOu' " n"n 1'1<1 one .. ~"y ",&. In lome 511." '''e ;oc.u.' bou~d'''t5 o' ,nese ",'.11,'''' "".r tNIO, en •• ~ ~, un l., • 1~, ·ttull ,n .. ,ogu. o ... ,n"g , 10 pa'''<:~I.'

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,"<1 reCI""~,, rIle lIa" 01 Ine S4na le Anl.U~", SuMomn .. ,,"n., be-eft CIICulll'~O • GfOPO'''<! b,ll Inll wo~11I 0«'''''''' ,,,. u" nt age H ' ......, "' .. • .. 1 .11'''' ,n tn. Hn,nll 01 P'OIllf1~ , .. u.lly In.,,, Ince .a, .. ou, ... n,c~ '&Qu"" Ine S.a, .. 10 'III'IIC' p,oc~ 'e;jUIII,Oft .. "" "'tlfn rOfl'IIIIII'on -II".e, ,,,g GAO. 0 .. " 'tcOf'hm • ...,"'on ... numl>l' 01 S.al ..... 11.0 ron 'o<l",~g p'OOOUI, 10 tIII1 ,,'" "Sf! of I .... tflu,hcIlIon CI1@QO<'" 01 ~ It. _1>11 """UIl S!l! ~' W "' .. "" . made..., 'Kornm."a.' lOn .... ,"ed 10 .ntlyt. 'fl, '.'ut ~nd

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WothnQ'OfI '_'oI'IC .. , ..... "_IY ""ocl .. 01 .... r_ 01>*,., ..... ~ 0,1 , Mr., ,t<_. B III>. 000\1'" in te· '_'1tIQ "0lIl 0 ", CGIIeqt til N_ YO.. ... .. . CPA ,No<IIIC.,OIono..., ,_, • ..., .. • ..- til "'" ...."...,.", INUM. 01 CPA>, !hi _ ..... Sco<.tw !O< _ ~

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Willi In. _,man, ,,' ,,,. CI.II S."'ce A,f"'m ACI . FeCl' ''''' mal\llgell now fl ••• " 1001 '0 n. ,p IlMom 1'10" , U.,;u.el¥ ..... ,u~te ,,,,I, .... pIOy .. S Tn.1 toO! I. tn. Je r . mOil Imponl,,1 compa"enl'"' IWIlo,m,ne. 11111'.'I0Il1 p'o," llonl

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e", , .... , I. no O,,"lIon ,I'l10, ,~, C .. !! St<-ooe. Rotl Ofm " C' ..,., ... HS tome ....... wn~1I I ... I •• 100 lOng ,..... _ IgnorUi One 01 ,,,.,.Ind , '~ I"" II I. I ' ,,,......, .... n 0 ' "'o<m_" '". fec~II II'on In., ""m&<l r.l4UrC .. mlr\IQ,m.." .. e'uc'll In acllllt'VllIg D'oo"m go." '1\10' II no Ionog'f belOllg •• · e'u-• ;.'I~ III ,~, p.".oll",' oUle ... ' " 11 ,1\10, I, IIHIII '0 ree"., more ,,,,"1I0tI ' ,om f,", m'"/IOOer,

'" 01'\"" , Flder.' mlnaga •• ...... ItI'IdfII to uMI,femplUlSlII ""man .. _r.c" ac, I",1ft, .na loe". , imo.I , . e,u.loely Oil 11'0-g'lm ..... II~' IoII an'll'" wl>O ...... -.,lbI. lOt •• 00 ...... r .. ull, "'., lOll 0"'" bHn UIII.m,'1Ir wllll per_ne' lunc:;llon, Ii~' Q\eeUII\1 lIIomolillg , _ lI ..... rop'"g ..... ploy .. , II" .,lIl1cu" lOt I".,., ' 0 _ I 111_1 conMCl lon btl ....... lIuman _~ .. "'Inag.rnent .na " tOIl • ."., (IOe1. PerMIII"'" ac' ''I!! .. ,end 10 be .hlld II bu,II ... _II '0IdI)10C ,"" wll ie ll ~Imp.r aclll_nl Of P<OO"'" gOlI, " . , ".ull. tmpler, ....... "0' "llu, "lid, dtr .. loped , Of COICIItKI III WI,. I ... , would Wllmlll ,1\11. ton,,,bullon '0 III Otganlz. Uon

Tile CM' Service R"o'''' 4 cI

ml~ "'.~ •• , mo', "tt-o,"'e ~ .. "'~na<)"" 10 ..... "" IttO"""" , • ~ ,,,,~,, '.~o,,"n """_"'~"l IJd 'J'''' • If "",'~ , ... ""eeI '" .., IHI" .m.nc. '_iOfO~ h ....... . ..... O'OVft. ...., t>ir" 01' ..... " KIIon. luch I ""omo, on O~,~.

00"'111' "mo •• ' "nl'gn"'.111 .MI ,n 10"'t C,,., p,~ on In .. II;h".em.enl ',n",., ~"nO.'1I

, "'1'" 10 IHn. "o .... ~r ,hi'''. "'"" IIny P'K. pI nl" '.g.,'al'Qn ,"'prOOtlm,nl '''~u'"nc I,om e .• " SI .... ~e '.' arn ",II ~'~"d a" 'h. ca .... mllm'n' "' .h_ .... nil1lel1 ,,"<I IQ_'U _no "'uSl • ... p ...... en! " W mUI' '.0'11 '"I ~ .... I"" ·1 Slmpl, ,n POle. Cf'I Y1 "e .. 1 , t '"., ".." •• "" pulled "1 , • •• pet' en"~ .. pOlI.OIff " ","ou'll bt ''''If(O~IIO'. '(I' moe 10 "...' .... 0 .... lite no ... e'\OI:'" '1 •• , .. .. ...... ,Ct " 'Otm "" ',e ... ed n ;0" _"",un'lt 'Ot ,,"p'O.eII '''c"",,;o tOOlll' 1IIf''''"'''''"0 • 100' ,,,' Ott ,et m.ntg .... tn, , .. ,. 'eo".'" t'"

(0...". ,no IH'IIOCI"on pt It , •• """ ~OUI .... ""'" o' "~me .nJ rn"". e .. Abo., .11 ., 'l!Qu"u 'ICOO'" , IOn 0 ' In, ''''~Ol\'nc. pI, ... ,,, • """'.-lMn 1I .. ",.n ,,,.ou,en ",.n'ge ""n, 11111 p.oo"'" 'UY'" ,~. "tty 10 ,~ •• Ion.. ""11 In.'.' .... 10 HI' WpOttun"y , ... tlt'n~' ma""!I~men' '. ,n • .0,,"11 """Otm."".acpu"u' IW".'"

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M" .... "on 1")tII "'011"'" m.nIgO'<' at I~' ... OO',ng 11.1'1 'I II .1'1<.11 OM>pte ",110 'un p'OtI,.ma ,II .. , • nol 10 muC" • lol h pll,IOllOpn'cat notIOn .... " • " •• d,c.1 ton .o.l ... ,'II" Only by 'mO'''~'''~ IIIe '''''''y bl o-op,. III CIII'I"'bu1l 10 o<g~n"""J"" gOoll' <." org.I'I' , • .".~I 'mp.· ......... , O«u' "n<! on!, ,n,oug" (Of'111n~ou~ accu .. " .....I~al'on Cln 01011"·' -on'fibu' I.on. be r ~"',n<;1fI WII~ , .... Ploper I .. At_U ,~(l COfT'm""'1n1 cr.·, ......ce "I."'" "'IV ,..... " , lounO"·I)~ I" ,~, ..... "lIoul ,I III,

... 1 '. m"t~'nU'fI5~

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1.1. _ ... "11' ........ _ .. .... c.,_ .... __ Sn_ .... ""'" _ (lAO ... " •• , ... _ . "'" .. . '_,<11 ~1 "" ........ , r ",co __ " l_.'-,., ... _ • II S OOO' .... ~...., _ oc~.

0 ..... l ... u .......... '" '- ............ __ "" '" II II I ...... rn. 51.,. U",""OItI' 01 "'" vo< • • ' """00. _'a .. " Ow""" I~ _ . on . r~ D '" "'00""'.' ..... ' - "", _ .. "" ...... _ .... .. f f'Cl) Ina 0l0I1'5

Perlormanee Appraisal: The Thirteenth Labor 01 Rerewes

..... "'11 OUencltd 1M ROd " In. m JlI .. olog~1 ...... 0 H"<;1I1n ..... f.oUJlecI'O pet'OIm ' 2 .. ,_11\0', " ,lIIeull 'H" AIlI>OuG I'I rM " ' aIlO/ • .:11_ ...... 11 bu. 1m· PO'''~ t'lwc.ulH ICCOm p llshed ,""" ,II Had 11\11 gOd ..... anl.., 10 ........ III. 10 11 1/1,. II .. , "'lVh, h.ve <on. ld .. .o ''' 'gIII ... O him '1'1, tn~ or u.,'gn l"1l In ,lIeel t .. oerlOfmane • • ro .. ' ..... ~.'.m wlliell '" .eelptIDI. 10 III Su~1I .. , ... """0- gl .. n 10 elo<;l1 F~r.' 1\'1,", " J .. ncM. , ..... C,vil S. .... M;OI A.'o<m Act rCSRA)

Wllh III, PMWO- 01 ,II, eSR'" ~01'''''nc. ' OP" _"" In lilt Fed... 1 G_ ........ , !'MIl _ U'. puuea Irom tilt ' 9\11 to ,,,. 11 11 t ... ,uty _"1\1'" PI .. lou," ..... "., 'M l'eftOlmanc:. RllllnO Acl 01 !I!tO. oe" o.mlllt:e IPP"" " an·.O\mt~ to l ill" _ than I POo lorm. ' " UI I . ... 1111 OAO f1IlIOfI lound 11'1" • rlUi11y .--,_ .. ,,"'.a , .......... 'Itlnll . DII' 111 '1 lICk 01 .br l' l~ 10 o ltll"llu lllll' TI<mll _ploV-' 01 OUI,,~, OUlh ly ",II 01 Il II Ia eollMQ"''''' .. perlo •• m.net 1P9"".I, 11111 nol pliV In Im porl Mnl ' 01. In PII'lOnn.1 IC· 'Ionl.

The .. lIr . .... . '\'cw ,,"urld " • • .. d .. r ' ·SR.\

rill PIf'Iorm,,,..., l PII"'''' P'O'<' I lOn l 01 CSRA "'0 .. ''11 . g . .... ,'" It) oe .. loo Iooll,U' I YI:. m . .. II '~II , n tO 'PO' I' , t .... '" p"~ ~'rln "'mong It, •• Wi ...... " " a ...

P"'o.m.r>el 1" "11""5 . n<! Crl lIc.1 JOIl .Ie .. e n , "" II lie l"lbll' "t!! On ,!'Ie Ills .. 01 j(lb -" '".onl" £mp lOy"~ .. III W ..,co ... 1!IId '0 pe" 'c'pl'" ,n ,"" 1I'lblts""" " 0 1 " l nda'OI Per!Ofmlnc. "111<111"1 ", .11 III comm .. " .... 11d 10 ' ''' _ oIOY" .1 , ... tleiI"''' "II 01 11'141 10PI.' U I 1)1<10(1

WHI~ III/ IOI,"C; 'PP" ,NlI 1 '1 10 III "'1Id1 "1" " 1'''11 '1'141 _ploy .. 1191'"51 esl.t>-1.1II'I1id """""II p"to' m.r>e. IOP ,.IUI '. lulta .. III III utld II M b .... lor ...... Olng promo""g 111 11 n l nll . .. ... l lIn Inll """If'II . • nO '''''UI'III emp'Oy'" In Imp,o_lng m ... """orm'"t .

,. .. 1, __ • A ...... <-l, TIl .. . _ •• _ ,0(" .......

• SUIMJIVIIIO'S 111111 be Inllned . 0 UN ,111 .y.,_

In ~1I1On .0 liS l)Itlorm anc. ,"" •• Iul 0'0.1110"', 1111 C;: SRA, cali. for Imp~I'I'Oft pi , _fl' pay . y""'" lor GS.U115 . uper. 1-SOf' ,MI m ... AQ .... . r~ l ~ 'Yll"m d lml"'l" It~ Irw;' ..... and Oft,,· 11.11 pI Ihs compa'ibilily .. I ... tor 1!\P" I t, ll m"mbell , .nd s uDI I.· lulU ,II .nnual IIeItrm ln, lI011 0 1 pooy based 011 perlorm.nc.

"'"InCI" mUll "'0 con,eMl .. Ith 1111 .eq .. I' ....... ' . pt In. U"I· lorm G"III8II .... 0i'I Employee S. leeliOfl . Thill. '~ul .1I0 n ••• , ..... 11111 cert.ln NIIul,. ....... I. 10' .,.,... Oftll •• tlng I". 101>-,11 .. 111 .... , 'MI lIIu lly 01 "Iecllon 1I1 • • e., l ue n n par1(1ffTlan(:. ' PPf,,"I.

The ... , ellecl 01 1111" 'lCen' C".nges ln 'lII ''"!I'' . MI "11,,"lo<y ' ou' ...... nl. IUffoufIG l" g perlo. · mine, 'IlP .. I!IoI1 nn -.. 1"'0 ' 0.(1 Till IPp .. I .. , "'01:,,' ....... Olen .,....'ed ,n Impon4ne. . Ilmulil .o""y .... IIIo""n" morl .I<'ngen, • toqul,,,,",n'l lor II , 1I •• elopmenl .fIG .. N '""hllma... In ' l In· CIN"" II",".MI 'or 1OPfI lillca l+OII II OCC",tnll ••• n Inpu"n mOIl or;anlz.llOi'1' ~ .. '"111 . UCCesl wlln ImtJI","enllllll , Impt. """11 I ylleml

.... 1· •• po.,. .lIh P.rror ••••• App_ ...... ~

c:omll'"nll . t>u .. , PIfIormanc:. _.' .. 1 IV""'"' all eo<nmon c:ommenll IUCII II - W •• .... ,. 0 1 II""'" "If' '00 luDI«II •• ," ,n(!

"_1 .. NI ' 1M ....... 11.· "s ' yp le. ' ' n mo. , o'g.nlutlon. So,... or".nllltlon . II, eon"antly l im ing 10" ,V,,"'" ''''1 .... ,11 ~ .nd _11'1 to be '1Il11e, n g 11M" 'PIlf, lul It.,,,," .~ ',w y .... 0Ih11 Orvan" lI lon. M4tm '~IIg_ 10 t~e ' 1 11 .. <1 01 perlormllne. ' I)-

11'11 .. 1 IfIG Imp ......... , '15 ,nnoc· UOUI •• V., ...... _111111

TIM p.Ob ...... orll"":ll lon. nl .. In II...-.lOP lng IlIlCt l ... patfOtfl"llnc .. ICl~ .. t .~''''" . 11I¥OI ... COIIC" po 'Ull leell nleal . Inel " um," bit· 1II • .ur 111""

Cone.., ..... " .......... : 0 .... 0' . ,,, mOle 'Ommon ;one.Dl uli PloII"""l II 10 OIIU ne "Dlflo ,. m. ne .. " ' 00 nt' rowl1 ~orl!'\lllO;e 1111 , .. 0 11'111"1,,,,1 It .. , ... to botll .1111"11 .. ' u, •• ,nt, ~Ie ac;c;om.

08

~III" 0i'I , nl 100 '''tI 12/ Ine _ ,.,or. .. I!lf" la.tI '0 "Ote ~III ... " r . pp ..... JI ~ .I .. mw~lCh 1<111 ... 101. onl , ~n. 0 ' 'M .. '5· I)eCII .. ,II bII tI .. "c_' In 'IS '_au"

A, ,,o '''e' common 'o"~epl ... r lI'OD'em IS '0 11. 10"1 .tl~~'UI .00 n" rowl, In geneno In. '" .. cell' 01 "allll.~, .. r· " " 1 ' OP' .... ·~g I .11, .. 0" somllnlll! "'0\00,·.,. 1II11001I1ene. IPo<.,"1 ckolts 11<1, <I''''' on'1 10 .... 11~.IOnQ I ...... oo.n O' $011'111(1", ' pat1 01mlnc. ·1 ,n e"'~. ,lIlt ,lilt Inll Ir~ .. .,., .. "~,

,he Inll l.,II,,1I I perlorm.r~e ean lie Inc .,ull ' '' 'ougl ' ... n'lc~ cr»d>'ng. an d _O<InHlong Tn", I"". II , o .. a l PII'POH 10 PI"o' "" nc .. 'P~I"!IoI1 mNsu',",~ 1I1 '"1 _ Iopmell' Oil 11110'" "'"J ,n. ,n'o.m." on mUI' De ""'IC'''~I to I IiOw ,,, .. o.g.n,t.IOOn 10 1I·1t •• , ... , I ... ' Il'10''11 _010, _ .n '1M 0'5'" ""t,on 0 ' ...... II. On '''e 0 ..... IIIMI I ~I _", .. m 11'1 .. 5' lle C"O.oo~ 01 IOotr ll ' " n" . nO tII<I'HI"'11 ' .. mealll 11111 1IIY"Q9mr,,'.1 nft(!. he~nle., P.obl .. ml On. 01 I'"

reason. uno", Y'tIQ '111 lee" n, po-)OIe"'1 ,I '!"Ial llItIIott".nce .po ,"~'"I I Ppe~ .. on ,ne l .. o,lC. II) be II,,;IIP""" lilY WI ." -0" IlInll~ " .. u,ng 'rw;I eo-"UlI'~1 III Io l rw;l. 01 ,nlngl Wl>en " co,n .. ' 0 411111 ... ,ng Il1001. \Oi' .... I· ' ely 10 IMII som_ II , "Wnl" ~ CI, II1e" it ll>OUl """or ..... "".. .p. 0<. 11111 , . !!Ow • gOOll 100 ... n .. " , '" It l rh,' DII 'I I ...... 11, 'U .. !tl In ' U","plo ng to .no ..... : .. ! In • _ eIOpmlll' "'GeIS'

8elore w i e. n ao .n ..,IIQ ... .. lob 01 .pp .... lng II'''' o"".nCI .. . need ,,, ~ IIO"" "'/t'" 'ne ,no,w'llu.J JOO 11111'\1 ' n'l In-.ol_ 1111 Its ... p' e",erl, In(! lI. nca'", Many G<~.t.IOOi'I' H.""'" ""I _'V on .. ~now • .. " lei! PII'" 0 ' 11M 100 • .. Impon.n , Ina whll eOn!IUUI" !tOOcI PIt!1onnancl '''''N orlll"·"· , IOn, IIItI " .. tn .. '"S. o' dltVe loPlno , pe,lorm.nel .11 11 .. ' .... , 1Y""m pr"lmtllI, .. ~ 0' OI.",n"'l1 .n 'Po<Oorl, ,, IOfm ConltIQ .. en tl~ ,n"1,.I' 10 ml"e , 11' _ , ,,,I ,a,. 01 ' III jOO. ' 0 Dot ,_III 'nc! 1 ...... IOf • • I f' un'IIII 10 ...... 0". ,UII . ''''' VlJIOUy 01 ,n. 1,1'_ IS .ItQUI ..... UtIlI .. , ... Un,!oom G~_ 10",. Of! EmOloy .. s.~"Oft

StI,... ' orm 0' toll .n"lys" " • • """ " 10 _lap •• I JoO .... . Dlol I yll"," lor 1I!"" iI' ~ g 111ft .. "', nc .. One. 11M m PO<1'''' II • • ,

_ o ... ,.~, .~.~ _ '''''''''''eCI )1.ndaIO' <! .. ~< "1I'''g no,", N @'t tne, s~"",,kI 1M! pot!." ,meet '.'" 1M! cIIoooft CIW<! rt "r>O .. llIIlIuto" loti ",,"um \le"" .no ,u,",,"""3'5 !',".lIy , W' 01 11'''-' 1~"1 '0 CO""" ,,, .. IPP'a,UI ,~Ior .. ~' ""..,., I ''''''' ') n .. pl,~ " ('n .,.. ·1.,~1~0I<I

!tum ... ,",obl,m. '· , no"gn '''' "<~N..aI ... ~ ....... n" II rro-to""'1

I ... "o ... n~'ng j'" oe.e'''ll'mltl l 0' "n rn",I,.f' '1f"1~" ••• r,(e IIClO'I'''' 1'~''''''' .no ..... t " I ~tI ~"""u,· "'"'0<1 ~. ,,' II"If! mtore d,II,; ... II t~" • ·n. /Ol' "",cp,· , .... ~ ....... n .' .. "' ..... ln~ "'ee' '''''fl •. ' IN, ·.>"orn ~,,·"'arelt .... ," II' II .. , ... a •• , ... ~ ~~ , ... ,," ."'11 ""<'rla", .. .·4 ..- .... m"~1 ... n,cn f"'" ''''''"11 ,.,. 't "'~~I .nd n.~".g" ......" I") ,,, 'N ttl!q'lI '.' I Jpro'l· I' ~1"'" co' ·...,"n'cII II"'''''''''''''' , ,''' " ., ...... ~,".ny~ . S' ..... ,' '~.I •• UK

....... ..... r t " ..... 1 'n ........ 'u .. ~ "' .. I 'h' 'y"rm ,~ " .... 'n1 I·· ~e·

"'11 ," ... 11 ",~ .. I ,,,'. '",. P'h ., Tn, "'oJnJ'gnlt lhe ~N"J ,,, •

"~.n,nll ~ ... p",y ..... m"" IAI " I·nto • ,r J~. """(I .. ~. , ,. .U ....... ·"'1""'.'"1 ."11 .... , .. "", , b~' I"'" Q." In. ~''''D'e .... ""h ",~.,.

... H~'~'" • n', .. "" .... g.. ,1'1' en"':I ......... "., "01 "" t;o lti~ ,,' o"n ••• ' .. 0,,0<1 . t« 'iltP '.'·~Ille " .. ,~ 0'· ... ~~ .. "".,~ PC'r101 m~"".. ... '"u" ~o", lI'~ PI'OIl" ' ''~ ~ . " •• " , •• , '11'1' , I"" ''''0' .... !·on !!I(:~ '0 Ine "" '0 .... 1 ,I' •

'""' .... 'I.P '''4 .. 0 .. ''' • .,.' .... "1I ... ~n .... '

TO .... e"""'· ... I~ 'PIl'.''''' .ylll'" "'us, 'os, Oft ICr.~,,,,, to, In,,~ .... ,,~ .. ,II '''' IUO, , '0 II rn. a"CH"I'h o. 1M .,11.".. .. ,t 011 .......... ',." '''''P'' , ..... PI"·"~.'" ," I. J ... eIOP ..... nl ... >0 , De ........ i peet t"" '''1 1111"1(1 ... 0. '" ," !If' ...... ", II ... '",..: '''of lOll ''''ft''''1 4n<t I~e ''' ' ''''''.' '0'' O"~"I'" "~ I~ "".m "'I~"··, ... ~" ' ... ,5r'<I ," ''''PO''"''' PC'.""" f\Ilj • too<lO •. n .< p ••• nll P'omo.",.." ... " "(,I "storj ,n. p"n'·' .... ..... n~'

'"'''''' '' mp<" ,anl' .. m~· 'K' ", ," CI .... m'~'''Q I"~ ""<lin ,,' pot!. '''' "JOe.. 'PII<.,"I '. '1M .",I~CIf' .n~ Om"'OIm,nl "t .... "l9Itm .. '" In , .... ~ .... "n, .... "IQit" n .... g...... 1<0 ....... "'. '0 '1M ''''00-..,,~tI I IMIllo,mi/.n'l IPIII l 'ttl ..",II ploK,ng ",n ... p'Io<"v~

sono .. ·, .... es IfOCOUIIII'''Q 10 .. II'"lor "~ "om Ih~ .. e""POln, 0' 11M

'. \" N .... ~ •· ..... 1-.

·'Ilf . It Oiltn' l /ftI~. "'UC" ......... 10 ,pend I ...... iItKI .1I 1M1 " 01"11 • thO.Ough pert"""" ... C. 'o~ •• I ... 1 II m,n'gem,nl did nO! IHm in' . ' , •• tlll In the 'IIIu ll • .

M.n. g.men! mill! not only 1111. II. commitmenl . 'I mull DK~ II UII by .lIowlng 'UIllf"IlOrt 10 O!/YOI. 11_ 10 pe<l o.matre •• pll!' ..... 1 IC· IIy" i. 1 F .. , IMfmOfi . m.nag.T!.nl mu,' llemQt>,tr.I. In" lhOteI ... no IItrfO' m lf1l, ImllOfllnl l\CIIV, jy ..... ' " "" II be'lw,'deo In I ~' .bll8l>C. 01 thll ~IM 01 demonlt.a led co mm!! m,nl . I. II tr lg~l , un"~.ly 11111 In, lIe"o.m..,ce 'PP,,'"1 o.oce .. un ••• ,n _,I,Oft. ,ne< •• ' • • 1'00., 01 IWO" Ifln' 'e l"ed '0 " .. men ' .. ,","'' " ,'_10 DfI .IICOQ ... luO ,h.1 wh'" "".'"1: 10' olljeell. ". I • • IIUIIII)" .,m. comp lll1. 011100(.11' ''1 " en IIIUIO<y gN ' M.nv 01 Itoe mos. ImpOf"n, "'SPICI' 01 P'" ,m.nee Mil . Imply not .men.PIe , . eet. q..-nllll,"le m .... u ...... nl f>er/o.· m.nc. . oer<.,u l II bellC. ll y • tullg_1I1 "S~ .net ludgment ,I In 'n ..... nll1 .... bl":lI .. IWOCts.

AnOlne, p,ollilm 01 n .. m. n n.· ."" Inool >es Inl l 'IIe'"",.1 "I" t,on. "PIII,I,lng pe, 'o.ml nc. II no. lun l~ e p.ocell of palling tud~"""'1 on I ~ ' III<lo.mlnee 01 • noi ll .. cen be _ y OI .... pU •• 10 p .. lIOnl l ., IIIion,",p, MJrny I*>' pl. wO\,oI" p ..... ' 0 ''I'01d PO",lIte conl.on .. "on, an" _II ........ lOt' 10 I..:hnlq ....... ell II ,nll.tlng IIIe . ppfllud . .. " Ie ll O.II,oyl mOSI 01 I ~' pOl"",I . ' t.."eln . 01 th, p.ecen

Wh ile IIIe Conc:tpl~" . llC'I\nic. 1. .no " um.n p'OOlem, 1IeSC.1be(f .IbCM •• , 1111II(;ulI . most C¥I be O'<ef(_ Willi I. _ 11<1 I. I " .onll commll"""1 10 m.k. H •• procell wo.~ Wi,h I"P'OP.II,. "lOu'ell _nd ... 11 .UOPO" . It I. POllib" 10 make p"lo.mI O<:. I P-01 .... 1 yl. t It

..... I. Bel.,. U ... ., I. GAO'

O .. f . IIon 10 .mp.oo, IIIe ""'or.... ne. IOPlliu' P'OCII. In G"'O "'tdi'" ,"e eSR... Wh.n It !Ie, tim, ","'''' 11111 llIe Compet lt l .... SeI..:Uort P.ocess ",I. OIKlna '00 11," 1 I " .. m. nd UOOf1 (IU' 10Irt'HH 1II1!f.1 .. , IV...... _ ' ~II ttwoe wll , -0 10< m_ "loibl' .no IniOlmlll .. 0. ,. on .mployee 01"

,'" , ........ 'I"""".' ,h, ,to. I.,"" .. , ". "M' ..

tOlml O<:' ' ''PI " ... ,.kln 10 ",., 10'" new .00'.lstl P'ocets

rile .)It.m deo.",,,,,, to. U'W! .mOflg .uO ,1 personn.1 ... 11 on. 01 Ih. n.w • • PI .lo.m.ne. ' PI)""" 'ICll nO ' Oglll o .n,,,ollily ... n_ ehOr.o R.llnG Sctlts (SARS) I" n ..... I, 0",_ h om I'" IIC' '",' pe" o<m,ne. II\'flI .. , . ,1>CII<> • .o ny o"'e""I,,,",, 01 _'or "'"e' ,,, ... i<lt«I ''r'fIS Of lC ... t;ll rlll:oe BA AS anchols S8M! 10 Cellne 1M m."n,ng 01 lhe , ,,Io.n •• n,, ",." in mO" read,ly ob • • r.lIlte I"""

Tnl, n ..... I ytl ttm If 1llI1e<! "pon I" " IIn,IIIe bOCI y 01 IU~ .n.lys,. in 'Of"" I'on T"'augn ,,,. 8 ... 1$ ",~ 'k.hop, . tlnOle-'9IfIC'V ""15 QUlst'onn.,," Ind .~e T ~ln,nO NeeClS " SH ..... ,nl ... " • .• , lIulil "P • ,ou~d Oat. best! conCl.nlne willi II,. luO,1 11111 0011 .no now In. v " 0 ,I Tn. luk ... alys'. In lo' "" I,on wu lu,""" ,n,o pel la. .... nee 11,",0"'" by O,o"'P' 01 lOb Inc .. mllt<\,. 11><1 '~Pf>f"'SO" r"elf ,u"om,n l . ... ell corrObofileo l"'auO" I .... ~'" 01 IIUll1 lortnlln •• .....1 10. C' OIl se<::IIon o. Ih. 1·,0,1 ",!!

rile --=Iu.1 ,pp'lOsel I. w"III" In • n."." .... 'o,mal wn", I" " ,equlll' mOil \lme .no e li Ot! I"e """., .... lo. m hi. mo •• I" "b'hly , ..... " I Ilmole. IMm" . "" IhfI In!OImll lo" UO" be u_ 101 • Of "I ... nlim!»> Of pu'PO'"

Thfi ".w 'ys'er> ...... . I'" I.a~ 01 "",(>Im.nc, 10p.III.1 IS I con"~uous p' ecess 01

o EIIIOl<. h lng pI" o.mlnta , · 0000II\1onl Mon llOflng III<IOIm.nc' Fttdlng bile .. ' 0 m.neg .. ........ 1 ltoe .nlormll on on p.I1Mmlnce

o Usrno 11,,, ,n IOfm.tlon ,n ' '''' '"0 <'ei: lllon,. ".,t 0 .. .... fopmen! . PI'lo"n,1 I e' tlon • . • nII In In. ongoino mlnaoem.nl 0 1 '" 10 1>

r "'o"O"aul ' ''e Of.e lop ....... ' 0 • 1111 .. ,1><1.,0., tor m. It" o'g. elO ... " ,two, hi. -. • IIf." """I 01 1II" lClpel lQn by .1Hf" IIall .... mbers ...... 1"0 U WO .~ tI\OlI 111'IlCl pante, qlllltlonllllil II.PonOtnlt, m.mllt'l \JI I1H,lna corn· mlUH ' 11\11 , ... " ... 11'0"01. lroo 1"" .. IOul. Con",lIli lOf' 01 .:om.

-" T~ . new .v.llm .. 1.lrty (,m, pie • . "' .... ore III " '01' "'"0 w ill

.... '''''' 'aIH' Of u .... 01 ,III

,MO''''''''''' .. ,II ''':< . ~ '",n'"Il , 11111",01' ."o,n"" 1'.'"'''11 P' .g,a' IS\·" n. P~"nn"lnr. •• n~ C.'N!· O" .... I(lp "enll ~.S """" .Jft •• lop~" '0 ~efp lIu'l~ 111ft • • ,11. ,1 'u~' "50'~ 1M 'ubQ<J,n.'es ,n O",n~ '''0 ".(e .. "10 'e-eII" l~ •• ' <I~, ....,,~s~~p '. a.m-o .1 .mp,e.."e "" "j", "'~·0.f50".1 1:0"''''" ... ",11 ·0"" ~ In,,, 'n" .1>"0:' conl('1 ' , ~., ·.nc~~" I <.' ..... 1I·~'tl~ '. ~I

Cu,,"" "'~". e~" I,." mOil 01 tn~ "III '0 ... e' ... e 5 oa •• 0' ".,,,,ng o .~, I n~ ",, '1 ~ea. !"ft •• ,",' ", t"'1 It>r.. ...au"l r~' "".·,'r' <00 ,'. ~.", ~'{., .... " ." 0'" .. ' .'0<1 Ilia,. " """~<I"nr""1

VI""e 'n, '~SI.m 0."'.1 .. ~o.l' " o,,'y aptI" afl" 10 G III.oug" uS H I' 1.1 "II' ltop all, .. .,mm.tted I" " .... '00'"0 Iro" •• ~j S~"~"'S .. ' (0'''.' floP' ~'o~ee II'~~O~ (r>e" p .. '."P" ,,·11 Dol ,pe<"'''~I' , tao o.~J to ...... , '''e pa'I'('~'M need~ 0' m, 0'''''1 ",M'e" ,I ... ,11 b .. arph""

• · .. lIcl .... I ....

"-",~''''.nc •• po".ow, •• ~ .... n . .,,, .".n <!'<I< In ''',eg .. 1 "." I ma .... lI"me"' 't I. d,lt,w" 10 ' .... c ... e 01 a" ~'lI"'n'I",on !HI'"II eltec:I'" ... ,lno,,1 IIIP .. , .. 1 U ,I ._. 10 m.ny ,mP\lr18nl P~'

DO"''' H" .. __ pe"f)fn'." @ ~f II .. .... '. ~OI In tn(I In 'IH" .."... 'I ' •• mun_ • 0"'''11 mlr.ao-me " ana .... ,,'OY"" ,,,, (01 mallOn ''''V bOl" net<! T~u' I~OfIl' . '" 1001 r". "",e u'l 01 In" 1001 ~I'f \or -, .... IS 1M' II III.y Cln 'n ma~'no 'I IlCnn, "" IOU"''' ~M I' ~ e 8'. Ol~.f "~I .!leet' ........ " 'I ~.pe ,o.nl "00" ") ""'"g uHO 'l>II'op, .III~ by • • ,liell u ... S In II\e .,ntI .n~I~.,. "'. SUCC:'U Of I",u,. 0' 111·10 ..... · .... IPP",.,.I "up 10.OU

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Tum MarT

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••

Statistieal !ndieators Can Identify Potential Diserlmwation in the Foster Care Program

During your c,'"' n In "" ,,," , ,,,,. you .. 1ft OCUl. ,onaUy 1M con· lron,1tII ",UI'I "~'J'" OtIS '~ul"ng • ...... O. l0III .... ''.' d,II ... " , ,p. p.cae" 10 lot., 11'10 lI'om_ 01 ",H,,'ng ,lie 'lSuna 0< 'mIlK' S 01 .. Pf01Iflm U, 'ng . ,." ,lIut Indl (:110/1 " elped on, ludll leam UHU rfl, "',nl or (110.(;""" .... '.0<'1 In ,ne U IS De~rtm",' 01 fiN n". Eduellllon . and won.,,', (IoIEW I 1051" c ... prog,am

Til. '"roble.

MOl' MlulU u n,hlf".nd .... "., alloCrlmlnltion I. , bu' 1'Ia ... ' 0 'Ol n· Hly II .. !>en II OC:Cllf' ~ nOI 10 evldlnl Th., w .. ,1>1 Immedl.'e PfObIIm WI !Ked whftll , 1>1 CooIg'I" U~eod OAO 10 dlll.m,.,. lmot\iI o t .... tningl , Ihl I>l lnl '0 which 'Klplln, . 01 Feod ... , luna. _. eomplylng w ith In. "ond llellmlnilion pro""lion. 0 1 1,111 VI Allh OUgh Ih l U S COnO'U Ii _ I, _aery 10 C>UI III" '0'1 0 ' 11>1 Clvl' Riah" .le i 0 1 '96. lI<onlll'llng dll(d ... l ... uon on ilia ~.,. 0 1 'a<:I . eolo •. 0 ' "Ilionei OI'gl" In Pf09'lm. Ind a<:IIvIIIeIl ,ecl'.'n, FIIII,,' II"II>CI, I ''''1, IIIICI, IIWI I. ~_n .bOII' ,,.., Imp lemenl.,IoII 0 1 t,HI VI .rtl' mOIl 1111" • ~I

• .. ,. "'tad.U •• 1 1 ••••• tD_"

A" Im.....,i.t •• HI;llon to lne prOtlIem lito 100II . , eompl" n,. o t d ll e,'ml"I" on Comp'. '"" • •• can.,d ... .., ,1>1 p.' ml IlIdlution 01 ,1T""'1on1 '1<1",' ri"" c .... " riaMI '" .... lIa.lIon. o. compliance •• ... lewl The Ib_ 01 COMptelnll I,.qUlfl"Y dImPl"' eone .. n wi,n el. ,1 "ahll : !lOw ..... ,,,,. ml'l abHhCI dOel not ..,.... dll(rlml ... · 11011 II flO' ~ell"' ng TI>I IIIdI. lionel "" .. nee an eompteJ", . e ... • , ... In" "'OIII., Il1lnllon 0" 11'1' '''''' ... Id ..... ' Ind on comp'''"'' ",,.'en

OCCur ,.~"dom '1011I,on In'OUlln OUI iI" ".C .. ~,'al 'on 01 IV$Iem Hencl '",D.ea"lnl ,".,."c.l00n •

lind 10 be eoQul1l1 .. ndo," IKIdll .. Ilia C"C"ff'SII""a, 01 lilt! nd",du"'1 com . Plllni III 'hi , .. __ 'fe ulul1l1 d"lCllKI loward iln .,.,IIIIKI o'gl .. "II'ONoI 01 '1.,em ""~'hlnl Ina 11'1 "01 ... lIeflnll, comp •• h""" ...

In Ihl,. 'n""'OlII,onl or camp"a"CI ,,,;'w"s I'" lud,'O' ''''''005 a<:IOOM 01 Ine Oil"' 0' comP"",1>I '1'1,1115 01 Pili .cl.D", ID ,nlena.o 'I'uill Thl oPIIO"",n"v III '8\O,e;v ''''' pllnn'''1l .. nten c ... Md thell a<:!lon, ... ,,1,. I ' .IS Tn,. " ""& lor 10.1.' 1'1'. ,...."'" "" •• e COl"' 0,,,,,,1. a~o '~'Ul<!la"on, 01 1litS' Ph'.,on .... In. ,'Iomonll memO<! nl <erl lV.nO complo,nee ;v"t I lifo VI

,. secO~d 11010,0'1,,1' ,. 10 I al ,,,ose dec •• ,on 110'"" , to Ih' ' 01111

a,e dII'"'''' prDC ... II " ""." d,' c",",nllion could OCCur W"IarnlKl no .. ,,'"br •• s.ucn .. 1'10 ........ 11'1· abl', ly IOlle' P"IIIIS' oes,'" Clllld.ftII $ _, Ind 'a<:111 ... 0 ••

"Il'Ou, ' actors .ltee' d"CII'O • '" ,1>1 pl"'"'"1l and ceh.ery o! '011 ... e.re :M!'oICe5 Pec'.oons 01 lulJQH 11.0 . tl eel pla<:I",,,nIS II .... "y cnlld ..... In'" 10"" C_ III'QVgh juCl'e,1l O,oe_'"II' w"'Ch " nd '''',, 1);' ..... " ~I.qenl

W".II "'IOU' ClK'lIon lIO,nll COII'd be _HIoId .... GOuld no, "II ,I dllr"m,n.' lOn .... lilt! C'"H 01 d,IIe""1I d«:lIlOn. '"_ u_, .,m,'" Ctll::",",,_,. or ,I lilt! a .. ,. ;vII _ 01 Ihi .... "1 •• " 1 11115 JUS! ...... , oonec!

t ·.,;c or Stall",U ... ' C .. _.,arl",.,n",

Coula CUll on .... IOu. cl\a,.; , IMIIl Ie. 0 1101' .. u.a 0. l",mOleo OV ' aGlI' '1Id 1'''noC 1lII;I ... P cel. 1jO(Y~ !Well da,. could pto. td ••

t , \ " II, ..... ,., • • IIOQ

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, .

!'o' ...... <"&l l otIl<.'.M~ ' • • 101..,,10 1·.M~u.J UI .. ·" .. , • • ",,~ ... ,,~."' . .. ,." ... . "'.

bel " 10< lr.tllllclll comjM"aon. MIWNtI O'OODI . • nc! at>¥ ,lIuJUnO CI'IIMIII~ could M an '1\IIIcallo,., 01 noncompllanc. rICi"','nO CIIIllI«t "'"III(ta' Ion.

For • • Imp" . I prob..... i8 Il!lM.t .. 1I if • 'olr .. (.01" .y" .... ,.IIIS In I comm""lty "." I, 110 lII'e.", bllKk, ¥11 hq, ~ !left'''' bllKk pl,nllt'd UUil' 1111, I JO !lefcenl bllK~ 'DP'l(.oIlIon fit. , Inll I I~ pelCelll br.t k PIfIlc llNl lIon II ... In addition to IflC'n;, . 'nO" rae'.' O.oup IhfOUg h ... Iou •• , •• 01 , .,., .... II _.'tIICI .DO .... COltlIM, 'aonl GIfI .'10 M _ bot-1_ _II DCIII 0< I1hnlc: O,oup, " _ 1I>I(.IIie pOIni ""Ihln '.y.,.... Complll'son. (In "10 M •• pand.,;! '0 uM c .... Il. 0< " tgl II .. , • .

Th. ""'"g' .OPfOlCh "Plno, I ... Ii .... Ilimil .nd locu. 01 "I0Il1-lionl' comp".ne .... IIl.nOn P'oted",.. Inc! lI.mon.UI". thl _ull 1IIt.llll y 01 colilclinO _ u.'nO 'ICI. , "'CI I1Mie CI.,I In d . I, "0"11 ..,,0fC ....... 1 I lion • •

COnlplllna "III"1et on ,ac'.' _ ""nie O'OOPI r;Io.tnll'" 'hl locut 01 compilinet Indl(.ollofl WllII.IItII,.I!IIIII. (.oIn ,"leel O,ou P conClItI(ln, . Ind lealo< •• Pt!CIl IcIUy 1II.101It'd 10' o'oup, bin .. ' u\llli ' hi. ' uncllon . SIIUIUClI compllli. ton . ... . uCh ,,,,,11;1'0". 8 , , hili' Ing 'hi 'n .... "olil .. 'ocli. '0 IICI'I IIICI " " nle g'oop, . Ihi _110< _ ,.1/1, • mOt. ICCU'I" 'nellc.llon 01 OfOuP C<lndihon. ,....., ' fWI"loMlly obI.,...., IhfOUQII ' ,.,I...net lrom Inlll'llll .. 11 compl,lnll.

U.'nQ ",,,., leal III.ptrlly 11I0I0' 'hi , 1Id1, o< 10 1111 .n arganllllion or .y" .... 1(If Ind\cli ion. 01 nOl!eompll.nel on ,mo<, "'ionll ",II 11100'0 "Gh bII ll Ih,n WII ,,1(11· llorylly IChltvlCl ,II,ough .... J. ne. on comp"'n ... Slitill\cll comp .... _ I ctn bit el tll .. comjlllllenll .. 0< 'PI<=lIle. Fo< lO""p'" " III.""...., com","1OII1 '0 "" 10" .. CII. pI ..... lng. 1111.., 0< In' •• , ...-Ice CIII,""" Ind .lItcl'-. 0< IISul... l li. torr.""""'.'''' COITIjN..lton. w.,. "10 1I1110ntCI '0 I .. ' tplClllc el'lflIICI .. IIlIc. 01 Child, ... In 1o .... ClrI IlICh II .... O'h 01 .IIy. fill 0' ClrI, InII trlQUIf'Icy 01 CI" ...... ""Ion.

one. com jN.nson. Ifl 1I .. ""ntCI , qUlnliflatr" elata can til gll,*1(1 10< 1Id'I'lKltl 0< ... lInle g,OIIP lrom rIIIO<!'. compu' " CIaI, tIIIn. 1,1et. etc. SlmplI"1I IIC"n 'qUil .rI UMIII ..... / ."' ••• \110

ua.lul In Ih' , P' OCII. E'Ch g'oop', OItl Citn I"'" 01 s um· m .. lled II • Illti.tlc ' ..... I n moCI • • lie I eomptrlton, bIIween ' hiM " ,""ICI a n ~ .. '" Cl IIlN.'" , lIS ",h,CI1 hl, hl lghl poUltIIl nOf'comot'tn«I . bul III' 10 CI,,,, m,..., CIU .. Tha jIIlMIIC. 01 d ISCI,""n .. lion IS I ClU" c,n onl~ 01 01111' mln lIO In'ough .ub. ltQu.n l 0 111 led 'nvel t10allon In ,n. 1.11 01 d .aPd'

'" Uslno d 'lptllllI, lI' h., INlh compll'nls II IMIeIIO ... 11_. t'" _ito< ' 0 monh o< IhI IIllnn.nO 101 '''' OIIi....,. 01 Hf'Wic1l RII"'" '0 ou, •• IITIDII 0 : IhI ' OS I .. Cit,. ., ........ 1111110 .... eommunll y 1111' Is IlO IIII'C .. " tIIlK~ bul .. lIh onlr • ,~ l1li' ...... blac~ PIlI Ic' · p;Mion .... 11 110_ I. lo.ecali ing I pl .nntCI UIIU'I fI" ' 0< bllKh 0' klentllylng pc"Hlbl. elu'" 10' 1 .. Ilt1 ic.1 CI 'IIM,iI... Imo nQ I " communl' y O .... OQ .. Ph 'C Chille' ,.,I.,Ie •. j" Ihi "'I .. 1\tIO u ...... "'". anCI " Ihl ",noCI III' ion !I'" 01 •• ' ........ hn lc Q'O"PI. '" _'uatloll 01 Ih lt Ib" .. Uri cl*llOIf)' .Y" .... l1li"0'1'110 110'" , h,\. CllCIsIon. III oe lnO "'_. cou lO 1I1In1"y Il0l ... 111' lI 'IC.lmlry •• on sooner ,II", th' 1'lOi.ion .. me! ~oo 01 'lIy .no on C:»t'DII.nll

Need for H •• I.I .... 1 EU.al.O •••

In 'hi yN'1 'Ollowl"1I 1M IIISS' l1li 01 .hI CI • • I Rlgh .. Ac , . Ih. Dlhl/ CIoIvltlOptcI atftOf'Q m'f\OJ,,'" • ..... 1 bIi"1l .. ~.,;!Io< Inlonn.IOon on _ ·s.1tt 0< I1hnle o< 'Qln w .. dll· c"m'lll' of)' Since COIltc l."1I IIcll' dill .... "'ncloll ' hi OOllilll'"y 01 IIIIC.lmlnal lon occu."nO. m,n, 1.1, I .... ' I' 'l1oOul O DI IlIOhl b.,1oII In fltanl ,II". Clyll ,Ighlt O,ouPS bIgIIn ..... ,no 'n lo. mll ion on hOw "" mlllOtIt ... w ... b1'ng IIIt'¥G(J TI •• SlO'oup. Cl IICO_.a ..... , with· ou, IIKIII CIt" , no WI, 1. 1"1 '0 ...lut" ..... 1eu 10 ... I~I," 011' IIIptOICtj In_I 1\0 .. 'IC'" (\.I, •

whln II I. "'"'Ilil. ""II, In '1SIInOItlO O .... onll ' .. ,hQ comj)lJ' 1l1l;I ' n addl1lon. OUr '~'OICII , ugg .. " ,nil '. l1url 10 cotllCl .1C1l1 11111 coulll hllll OIIC,'mlnl' 110n . II no 111010 IndlcliOfl 01 'ICIII OJlpIIIl' '' ...... I Uabli wl,nQUI 'I

W • • " .... yloll _1tIoII. 1011 .. CI .. • y" ..... 10< MIll. LlIlI. uUbli "'" on fit<! lnoS ottnnlc h. "' ... "1,1·

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ItQIIICl ""1 O-Ihetelf comOlf' 'IQ'I'''''_ anO Cl IIIII"''" 'oona ~ "I, ClII1II1II,.. occu"'" ." III '00' .YII • ..,. no tOt!lmon Pln •• n. em"QIO Conslllue .. I1'y "'!I' ,!(I~ !O "1Ig'eoa ll Ine °"111'.' .11 Dy CO"'DI"ng th. ~I'''" ' ICI 0<1 wh"1 en"U 'en 10 11100 ... 01 ... ,no"IY Ch.IO,,,, ~eeplhO ' ""~ ., 10 wn lCh g'OOD ...., ,,,. DI,t 0' 1<1 .. 1' III"tI." As _ or" ,n ' III 110 ... . n 0_111 l.enCl I.oo"no .. h'l' c nilll.", It ... ,.,." t

1111 ClUH C. Ih"'. ClllpII""" c .... ' o 01 v.,oeO RIK. It onl y _ 0' ... .. 11 .""Dln Inll ..... ClnO 1111 ~ ... PI".onl ... . mille Oil'''' In· clu'" age I"O, •• duII ch" O D'OOI"m. l(l"" 110m. ".,'ab'llI y. I nd cuUura' ' lC' Ors Any Of ,II CO .. IO DI It •• C.uM

In ICIII.Hon to 'no.Citl '~Q ClI1P1' ' I Y " ... IIJe1I COfftIflo"IOft. CIfI .-JIO _ en "SU'iilf'ICe '1II'ICilOfi w n ... '!I"'"CtI (0"'11","0"· _ .. no "Q",liCln ' a •• par., ItII. 1111

...., 10< Cln '"' ,.'50"'''') ,,"u'ld ''''I larOl-SCli. "IC"m'"'I.on " 1101 D' Klitloll Con."nl , IhOM Itlll ",II .. , "Q""ICI '" d'IPI" " " I,. ..... 111<1 c,lI 10' 1I1I.,'ed ... ~I, ... 1 10 1I .... m • ..., .1 1l1li O"JIlI"" '" II ' cluno o y ClII""'''nll on .... net wi btl" ... """II ICII com 0111I0Il. eln '>ICO ...... 1'UlDIl 1001 10 c.v., • hi .... ' O<c ....... , ellon. '01' ..... Ih •• , (.oIPlO'''I, '0 '"QhhO''' oo" nllll non<omp ..... c. _ 11'0. ''''' OOI " y, "'00Cl1,' '. 01 comp" I "I:1

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•• •

A Report on the Seminar for Advancing ~Ianager!i

, '" OUice 01 P .. IOfI~ ~ ...... _ , jlOllMr ly 1ft. C,~h s.r.1c. Commln lon) COtICI..,;;1I " , ... "'0 G'''''' IlIfOU1I1"1 I .. EleeullYl So,." net Con, ... 1 pa<1 IcIpa,'" ~ ' III 2· ...... SemI .... 101' """ane,"G 101.,.· .ge<. I,.. ....,."' .. II o..1gn-.! 101 ........,.,. IGS.13 01' GS-I' , .. _ .. I,ll 10 .n .. "... •• 111'"'11 ~ _, Itill • • '"'" ..... __ .n,," ~ nO" ''''111 10 'MIO , ... '" ~.:Wfy oul ,,,.,, ,..pon" b llll"" mOf. , " eell •• " My p"m,..., .... 10" 'Of 'UI"dl"1I "Ie semln .. IO U G" O·, Impl .m.n t.tlon 01 Ih . 'Mm. ap.p,o.c:II 10 m."-U'''O 0..' .. 0fIr, It .... m~ oon:-pt lon 11'11' II , ... IMfII' ~flCltP' I. ' 0 be' allee · 1M. , ..... IeaOets anCI sullol .. '" 1Mr;Iof. mull be'!tOOCI manager.

TIl. C.rrt •• I •••• d 1t.0. U ... ..,.

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a'.ndll'd. o...lopm",,1 11M MII\IOII". A.1t In Pt.n,

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Hurdling the Barrier ... to Effeetive Communieatiou

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Commun,a ."OtI " an ,mPOI'""nl III.menl ,n ..:co",ol lllling OA O s WOf' w. eomm un,c". .m01lg 0<.1 . ....... 10 d,SC u .. III • • nl()lm.· lion WII ""11 galll,. ood Ind IIIe bO., way 10 o'~Il' .nd pr ... nl " W. • 110 ~omm"nlcll" llillll IlIOse r.om ",110m .... !)bl. ln 'nlo.m. " "" and 10 whom w. m"'$1 1"8"", 11

fl ul ",1\1, I. Comm"nICaIlOtl? Wh,. ar, tome 01 I .... bOfflll'l 10 ,It.cli • • COmm" nIC '"On? Ano 1Ii"" can _ do 10 Im"._ corn mun l~.lIon eUeclll_,,?

Whu t ':o __ • • I • • llun I.

Comm"nlc: .llon i •• "'~ •• n wlI~1I w, 1"1 10 C""'" meaning ,lIleNglI I.... u.. 01 commonl, "ndlfllood l"mOOI, - . ,,"., .lfbOJ O. I\On'''1III1.

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I

Th .. l , "'I .n .... pt to communIc.t. th,ough ,he uN 01 -n.1 .... 0 non.efblo' lymb01 • . II _. , 'm· pi, .nOllgh: uUtI • Itw word, ., II .. p._ pitch , Inl .... lly • ..,., .peed: w .... our .,mlOCClllofWIJly: go Ih'OIIgII • I .... ' Klill GYflUonl : w lOlll1 OUI body • tl nle, ,lid .. ,.,., .. ,',. Uyl"l I" oulo 0. l*Ieclly c .... 1 RiQhl Wily . I"... . ... w i SCI 0 11"" mllund ... ,OOd1

BarrI .... t. En •• tl ... Co_ ••• I •• tl.e

s.r..tal flClO'. ",nt.lbut. 10 ' . due l"g communication. ,Ueetl .. ..... , ..... Inch"', ..... mpllonl WI "'._. abeNt ,,,. word, W' UM . IIMI .. N 01 ID'I'KI WOIOI . aM Our 1,1lI...,. 10 • ..., 11>0501 .. 1\11 .. l>Om w' It •• tt .... ptlnIlIO communicate

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H c r_M:c" ,".t .. r 1979

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. ... IIOI I,on 0 1 'I>e Compltoll .. G.""". l" I 'rr~n , on J ........... 'l!I 11160. IIIIOfI IIIe SUIICOfII""lIn 011 o.'.rll "'ot ........... .. IS pU(II,SIltll ,II Irl FIbI"IfY 1lIII0 StAl l 8 UlUftN Ille ."' ....... 1 lu'""""llll I .... fTIOf. "0"1 ' tCattl .... n...... on ",,,.,,..., 1"0<:",.","", IIIn.po,la !ton IIOf'\I"", 0"00111 aM Oll'te! .uPpl, m._nt KI,"'I II "ac:Io....o '" 1l1li .uo.n .no • •• ,,,In.ltO''' dO<'I t>y I'" G"'O dUllng I ... "' ........ 1 tu,. f,. .. k We"le' 'lien . .... Ill'll Compl'OII" 0,1'1"" .. Ilthed lJe'orl '''' MOU" Com""!! .. on 11\1 JUCloe' .... on lOU' "'''' 10 .,,,,phly.nd ""ngl ..... 1l1li ..... . 'eoooiO "'II b<" I>et'r. 0,.11 ..., COlI

..

IIleli 01 Int.,", In tne GO¥"M'tl nL.

• The Anl'lUII ,11'1><>'1 01 I"t CO .... p lloll.r G,n"., lor IIKllr ~ ... IlI6II "' •• I.",." Cong . ...... om.n M'<1I1, GrIll""" 01 M!cn'lJII" I\MI 1011' !Mogel 01 ,IM rl'POtl pdnteG ln,,,. ~fHsIoNol Recore! lOt F.OI"'I} 21. , .... Du'lnQ lhe .. ,n, .. 01 1961), tho 101l0",llIg o lr ocl". Join..:! GAO;

Philip A. 0..'11'1"11, 010-u ly d',eclOt , I1 UIN'" ,,-. soure •• OI.IIIO.'

oa.k! ". H.""", .... n· age<. It....... C lly ,. goon. 1 dUlc .

G.,..,. 0 McGill, 1I,1,'an' m.n.g.', S.11tI1 " . gloo" oUic.

Willi the "'.rell 1lIII0 Illue . 0 . 0 1"'1)'"1180 pull ilcali on 0 1 .. . fTlQnlh 't S TAFF BUUHIN fl'll. K II"" P/O'ilded an OPPOtlunll, ICI I".· In" con .1de< , ... need.1III Mill" 01 • c .... u .nuh>v ""blle. llon to< .... GAO I"". '1M 'UCC.I.o. 10 ,M STAFI 8 /JU ff IN- THe 0 " 0 AElllfW- ..... n.I' PUbll.~ In U'" wln'e< 01' • .

ten ~ ... ago. In lhe Win, .. 1910 I ..... 01 ,,,. THE OAO REVIEW, \'011"1 lind Ilia!:

• A .1'IOr1 .nlel ..... pul). 11,"-'1 'bOut RObtf1 K,II" be"" l"'OIn In II tile flUII A'II! lUI CofI\cIUoIle< Gef'I.... , '" IIIe Un,'e(! 51.IH (11'11 11111 I • .- o.pUly Camp. 1001' ... o.n....I'.

• • .Nwt .. Iocle an 11'11 GAO .1. lew ,,' 1111 Ec,",,,,,,lc Oppanunlty ""ag,.", WU Pl/1;I1I.1IId. 11'11 II ... 'lQul!e(! III. ComPUoII,. (lene<.1 10 In'l.lIg.l. III. o.og<l"', • nd ac l,.,II .. IIn.!'CId 10 ".1 .. ",1 ... 1l'1l>I • .amIni" •• • II ... 1IIcleney .l1li 11'11 ... 'I'" 10 wlllell I"" IC~ 1l'1li. CltIjecIt-... 11>1 .... lew w •• _ In 1II1II II1II 111&9. .l1li <;OS! -.d _ '01'_1 Gill . ..... collec le<! an e.,· " In p,oo."n. 'I 112 ~. !ton' In ., SIl l ... T1>8 Sln'll 5ubCom",IIIH an l..-bOI' ,nd ""l;IlIc Will ... lound I'" OAO "1(\,, •• 'u· IPIe and 1'" IC I 'e-garo'ng

p(J'lfI~ wu ulendOHl 101' 2 mo', ynll A pl~! u" 01 . ,,,,II'ng Comp 1'011., G,nl'.1 .... s p! .nIOHl In ,,,. Oc tOl>e' li68 IISU. 01 MANAGEMEN T ACCG 'VI ING 11'11 pICI .... s, .... ~ M. 51"'1, ICCIPUng . n ...... 0 ',om 11>8 N,I .on, ' A55O<;., lion 0 1 Accountanl , 1111 n., '.Ilell ·'M.nllglmlnl tnlOl' mll,an N_. In .n E •• " I CII.ng, " Anoll'll. pletu" o.pte" ot"" GAO ' U11'<1" wllO 1110 "0:,,.1(1 ....... 0. ,. new 1, .. _ot1l",1I1 ' ,om 1"1 u.u. ' . Mu.1 . U'"",,.ZII lOOn' '~ 'CI'" ,n .,elnl , .. ,.-..... . ogne<! D\I t'" Pf .. ,""'1 In 1'100 .... Il0l. 11169 'lQu'lIIQ 1M GAO 10 " u" Y 'nc! ''''1'' Mllnse COt' !,ac; lOt tI.tllil '

An"I"I' II.. tluua 'n NOVI"'III. 11169 . ut1>O<.Ze(! , ~. 1.1.1;1".11"'1"' 0' • Com ",1 .. lon on 0 0'<""",,,,1 P." 0:''' 'rntn1 Und" ''';. I .... I'" ComPI'O"" Gene • ., . n OI,lgn"lId II I 01 " .. , 11 !nimbi<, 01 1M ctIf'I'I .....

. '~ A .... 1,.., . nO "PI_ III O .... y '0' ., ... "'. .nlly. I, . no pt,nn,ng p.og,.mm ,n g lI u(lg't ,ng 1(I1t'" Oc.ot>e, 19&91 "'" p"pa'l!;! bY .ne 0 1111;' 01 Policy ' nc! 5pacl.1 S ' UO'" .nd (I,"h illul'" 10 .ne GAO .1.11

• A .,..".. "'1(:11 an 1M ""Yf' .nd OIl1n,h(ln 01 ,,"Im' "".y,I,. by K .. ,,, M.,.," ..w JoNpn Com' oI. 1110'" .. I no_ .. II" I". p,oo"m An.ty. I, OI"" lonl ", II p..oll • ....., in I .... Wln.I' ,g 'lI I ..... (II t". RHfE VII

• Ed",",(I A Denlmotl . J • ,,,OCI"I (Iltlellll . HY .... n Rllou,el' OI, llIon. ...n (I" l gn'I,(I IS ... 1 •• lInl (I1'lel ", In 1M ' Otrnt, c..~ ()I-.I.ton

Stanley R. EIIIIIl . s",lIn, (IIIIe I"'. Ptocu'_1 . nd S,II_' ACQyl.i!loll o,y, .1On . .... 1 dlltgn'I ":! . !I •• I lnl al,,,,I01' 1ft 1M ' or .... , o.'ln" o,.I.lon

• C .... 'I .. E Hu9 .... . . n l. lin ' 10 ' M a l'le lor , In, ..

.' II ' .... " . ..... ,. , .....

nat,on;01 O, • • "on '"utnlKl lu W","'nlllon "It. 1'1 1n •• as m'''~Q'' 01 '111 5"IIOn OH'c~ r., El'l 1I,"ncn 0.-- .Il J<>MSNl ........ ", 1 "I' I" 0"· a • PI .'lIn· P'lnn"'9 ..... ,,~ •• O~.,.., U 1 ... SlIn, ~,'''''t". 01 !I" t',·me. P"'Qllm PIIM.n9 5, .. 11 JOleP~ J K"~e lu,.ta", ~"ICIO' rl~"'.t Pe'!tOI'''I' . n<J Com~n5l"O" O","'on .. itS ues.g"".a US.,11'" ""lctO' ,n I'" '""ne' Detense 0".1."" H""." 0 ", ~ .• ~", "U"'.·'I "" •. 10" p,,><~,,,,~,, """ $,.,e",. .0<1."" I) •••

....... ~-U 000'0".'<'11 ... US •• , .. " , d •• a"u, n .~.

'Of""" Ott", • Po , ." Q SPlco" Stu~ ROlli" J 11 •• " lO, ", •• tanl <J".,"" f,n~" .,1 ,na Gene,., "'. r,..,~ment

lO' u(l,,,_ n, •• ,."n .... ""'11 "'11<1 UI .... ", 0""'''' .n 1M lorma' Qft.u 01 POt. 1 1"<1 S~ .t 5,,,,,..,.

T M '0110,. "<I ••• 11 '''In !Ie" .. I'" (11"11"'''0 .SS'.,,~, .. g·o ... , m'''I111'''' .n 1969 .na ' ...... '0 "",." _ ._~ ,n ,n. Su.,,,,,., 19'~

, ..... ~, rH~ 0 .-0 R£~'(W VII Tomle,e", ",~ .. 'Of~ [a Me"'''IIII en. OIQO 0 "

."'~ F'"uoe • ., .~a ~,~"'" I.I~! !a1""'I' r".'5'o>'It

..

..

Staff Changes

t ;d •• rd ,\ . Itc.III_ .. r ..

Eelwl,a '" o."S"'Ol. ~n _" _111"".0 IM.,uty ell~' Ot 101 ope..lllOn. ,n tnl Hy", ... A_I cu OI.I.,on, . n..,;: lO .. Se",,,,,~ ~ . 11119

M, o-nlmo<l IO.,,-',he a.",,'aI ACCOU"U"g 0111<;1 '" lose ."" nu "1M!. "'~ •• .,lotl, " ' "_,,,nce In ,he CI. ,. D'.'llon, ' ''" Commun!!y and Economic: De .. !!OP"""' 0,.1 .ion. and '"' Hllmlln A ........ c .. o.."Ion . .... ,..,.. mo,' fW;tn'ly lie wn lS.octa" lIoteclor-Con ...... et _ Wa<ke< P'o'ecllon, NonOi._ (flm'l\IItiOto Ind 'iQ"" OiJtxI<1un lly

H" ,tcal_ " B 5 11-0'" In 00.0.1 ..... adm,nl","_ hom 80s· Ion Co!I~" In 19511 H, I, " CPA IM .. wcl,uM1I1' ancr " "*,,bef 01 I'" A ...... ;un ',,"lII ull c' CPA._ tn" M .... Ch .... '" $ocll ' , 01 CP ... .

M. Dens",,, .. 'ee,toea ,n" 0 " 0 CarM<~' A ..... d In .91\9 1M Mtfllorioul ~ Award III '913. tr •• WiIIllm" Jl>lTlp I0Il _ . 1,1 A .... 'd In 1973 . • nO . nl Humi n R. ,oll.e .. OI . "lon Dlr.Cl0' "

A ... .,a ln ""

All. .. Mlno,'o ."1 "'"' d •• ,gn'"d '."'0' ecOl>OlTl1C1 _peel."I' In ,he Pf~r_ .IUIJ,,,. Dlv,soon on ~II'.ml)e< n. Ig~ H~ .,n 01 .''"'U,,, .. ,n 1N;0'lO/Tl'C '-0,,"100<'1 .Itd n. v,,11 """,.,.~. _ 1. 1 Snldl" 01 • COIT'IIIe ' 'lOCI •• n,.I' ..... Iu" ,n III,s III.. "" Mend.,o .. II. flllIOI'1l1D1II1'1I ""II Incl_ ""!I,ng 1M 0.0 ""'" 10,.1. On I~'" m.II., •• na 'l(I"wnHno I"" OWe. tIe'OI. '1M! Cong,est. hKIII ,v' ag.nc , ••• IOCI lile pllbloe 11" * ,11 ,I.., H"" .. In, conla<:1 POI"I ,n 0.0 101 "'ono"", .... n.' •• nG .. ,II 01 .".,1_ 10 CO<'I .ull ",I. d,,,,.IOII. "'" oI"c .. on ''''"', . ... Ind ""11\1 111101 .. <JQllno .. un "'OftOm'C '-o"I'I'on aM 01"" "'."", .. ,," .... n ...

"", M_IOWI\l '''' .. 'till n,. 6 . dog ... ,n "'_'CI "_ Coiumll" Unl .... 'li.n 1\IM HI compl"eo n'l gfld ..... 1 ... n,"O '" ",onom.es .. Nonn ... ""n Un_",y .nd •• e.,.IIII.n "",I, ,n 19119.nd. PI> 0 'n 1811 fOllow,ng grad ... ,. KIIGOI "", "" .. ",.1""",, ..... 1oCI on ,1M! lacully 0 1 Rulge .. "",I_.lly and ... 1 • 8 .00II1ngl In"II\lI 'on Econom,c />oIICy ftl_

"'" ""_ lOw,1I ~nIIl 0.0 ,n ,878 II an UI",.nl ,,"eeiOl In me Pl'ogr_ """Iylll o..lllOII.n c ..... 1JI 01 I~.I '-o"I.lory "'1"">111 In 1918. n" '.'1)011"01111'" ... '. e. ~_ 10 coo .. lile .... " ... at '''VlonIleeonom.e lI'~t ,n _, 1I0Il 10 PI,. _..: ltoOIIl.loon 'HjIOIIlIOIII , IH

' , .111 M •• , • •• ' •••• 1_

, .

• ,

·'

; I

JGM E. "' ; I ~I" senlo< (,.,,1 a,saclale Cl I.KID. In I~II Inl.,nl_ I,onl' OMslon . , .. !ired e llec:1I • • OctOber 12. 1919 lie .... ., responsib le 10< d l. ec:tlng ••• lew. ,,,,.Ung 10 ,.;lde anc! finance Kt,y;li"

1.4 •• Miloe'e I&/'Oed In llIe US Ai, Force ' ,om '~3 10 'lUll . 1111 graduated hom Sy'lICuSII Unl""," ,l y in '~7 wltl'l a B.S. G&grH t um I.ude ,,, accounting. HI "'10 " . lend.,. 11" . "' .naO""""'" P,ou,am lor e.ecullyu a ' 11'1, Uni'elSl1Y o r Pittsburgh In l!1et er>d II>e Fed.,,, bKull.1 Inllilul' In 197~ .

5111«0 Joining OAO In 1952. Mr Milgate nil 11M! fI'PO ... lb llities on " .. Idl • • rlety 0 1 ".'onmen" In lhe 101m" OI, llIon 01 "udlll ""d In ill, CIYII and 1"'8< .. "lIone' D!. ~ l ion • . Oelol' joining GAO, lie ",IS ",'eU Kcountanl '0< H . .... I rH" ",111, " nl, lonl' publ i(: accoun,anl Ilrm.

1.4._ MilO',. ' ..... 'ved Ih" 1.4''' ' 01-iou. SeNlc. " .. "d In 1\168 Ind III" DlI!lnoulll:~ SeN'C" A .. lto j " 111M . nd Ihe ;)I IUno ul .hed s.r.lce A .. ard In H178. H. II. CPA 1M.,... I.nd) .nd • member at ' ''' Am.,,· can tnltltu le .. t CPAJ I nd ''''' M • ...,.I.nd SI. I, So<;ler y o f CPA, .

,

J 019ph P Normlil. asSOC:'.'G dlrKtl)l lor G",O' , togl l tlcs ~nd

Communlr,,' lons O"",on 'N Ihe PUI • ynrs . "n"oune"" nl, ret ire menl . e n KI .. e $epleml>l!r 21 IIJ11J ",. nsoc:ie" elIII(:10r n. ....u re sponllOle lor Ihe F",lIn,e. ",". Qul,lllon "no M. naoeme"l Group'S .udll aUlonmenll In ool>lno lne II: QulSltlon . mln"g.m.nl. a nd Oil' poUI or Gov.,nm.nt racHitles

>,I . No.mile g • .odu.U,,, h Om C ... nell Un, . IIISlly In '~8

"' '' 11< 2 yea •• In publiC II: coun l· In g . M. No<mlle lo.ned G"'O In WuhlnglOn . 0 C . In July 1953 H. IIr.e<I InItia lly .... ,I h In. 0 1. ,.1 0"1 01 "'ueli! and tnen I.anstlrred 10 tne Delense "' ccoun tlng ind "' udil ln o OMalon Mr Norm"e .... u d •• iO· na led .nlstanl orrlllClO' In In. l rln,panatl(\ll 011"111)11 In 19112 . nd IlUII< became ,ulocl.te ""IIICIO' 'no oepuly dl'I(:IO' 01 1M .. me dlvi· .Ion In IIJ68 h. lOIn ,""Ioned 10 Ihe Inlll<nl1lon l l OM,lon' , f u,oppn erenc h IS II" ell ..,; IO'

He relu,ned to Wash Ington Ind "'O'~ed In lne Olliee " I PII<sonnet Mlnag.m." , .nO tne Communlly 'nd Ewnomlc o. •• lopmenl OIV I· .Ion. HI .... a. o .. lonaled associate eli reclO', logl"lc. a nd Comm uni· Ulltonl OI. llto-> In Decembe. 1915

Du,lnO /I I, ca,_ .... lln 0 ,11 0 . M. Normile Iltl"lld . 11 M ,II lIev ' " In ..:onomlc. h o m ClrIIlO!1C Unl_· si ty llId tree.me • CP ... (Di strict 01 Coll,tmOla, . HI 'kelvi<l ,''' 0 "'0 o.. tlngl,t l.hed s.r.lce ........ rd In r" 0 tnd Ih l l CO OI. tS' ,," Ol'K' ,or'a ...... atd In 187' .

M •. No,mll ..... 111 ..,..@ 'S I COn· I" na'" 10 ,1\1 SulWly and tn-;eIlIO" 110". 5 1111. House Commlll" on App,op.i. !lonl

•

~,"" • • "e", '

,1 .. 1 ....... Sh ....... , •• '"

JOh" F :Olmon.n. "U IlfIoen de~.gnal~d assoc' ate d lfl(:lo' ("'c coun t'"O Sy,.emS In 0""' 311 0n) In '''e F,nan",,' and Ge"el a l Mlnagl ' menl SI~II,es O, v,slon ulleo;II" $ePlemlle.23. 1919 He" respan . "01' tOt 1110 re."", aM e"'ultron 0' FIOII1Ir61 agency ""counl""O Iys_ 'ems ,n ope'""on

M, S,monell e lin lIad 111\18'" l 'I>II"fIII(e .... ,In In. Gen""l "'c· counllng O.Ioce ." 'lie 'o.",e, C •• • , 0101,"on. !he Inle'MI10nai D',,,,on. IIIe Otl l<:e 01 POlIty .nd tne F ln~nc.al and Gen.'al MlOn.gemen. StudIes O, ,, ,,on

MI S.mone lle )Olned GAO In l~a"e<'Ke ... no"'s B S dOO'" In OUS.n.1I ilOl"\lnlatra"on frO'" West V"O,nll Un ... rS"f He ... "".mb<!r O' Ihe Am." can InStr lUIe 01 Cen, lre<.1 Pulli>C ",ccoun la n" West Y"o,,, ra Soclely 01 CPAs. and Assoclallon O. Go,,,nmen, Accoun tan ll

M, SImonIn" ,/leel .ed In. Ot . tIC' or Po lit i OrrIllCIO, ', ...... RIII In 1915 Mil a Ce<"Ir(~1I or AoP'-';" allon FOlr'SO ..., 1978

••

8m W lhu.man .... 1I,llgnalfd '1 •• _lal. lIi.telot In lilt Gtnto.1 ao..".........,1 DmH)ft ~Itoel"" s.p. __ 17. 1171 H<I .. III tot <ft.IIOfI, Iblt I", OAO', t .. "",. In ,lit Inl"'QoO¥em""""1 pOIlo:.,.1Id II ICIiI /NIlan. ...... I'" OIurlci of COIumbil OO'lefnm..... . .l1li llit 1101,'1"" b .. ~II .

M •• ThUfm." JoIlitd 0"'0' , [)al. ... ' .... I0I>l1 o llie' In 11117 IN! IO.n.' ...... '0 ,,,. Gent<1I a.o.. ... n • .... nl OM.lon In JU ill 1177 'i' 11&. lIMn ,,,. .. , III.,,' lIittelot 01 000', Inl .. OO-"" .... 11I _ Ion • • udit oroup lot 1M pall , y.at.

Mt n" .. man Ot_«I " 'Ih I 8 8 A ,rom Soul""" Methodlll Unl¥tBlly. In 1172 he «ompletfd. ~t of O'rlual. lIud., In PliOl iC Idmln illfit io n unll .. III. M ill · c...- E.te"" .... prog'lm . 1 1M Un~'It., 01 VI",;nl • • H. I, • CP ... IT .... '_. m ... 1loIt 01 1M f . ... &OC-'y 0 ' C<MillICI .... bl lc "'«;oun-111111. lilt Au(O(:lallon 0 ' 0-.... "' ... , "' ec:ounflnll . InII ,lit ... m .. .... tan Soc .. ,., 10' PI/bi le "'dmlnillfl· lion H. _. on 1M Botn:I 01 Di. telotl 01 'Il10 NIl IoI>II ..... 1 • • I...c. M ... ~' A'!IOC lllton , .. 1175. loll f ............ -.r,," 0 "'0 '1 M ... tono.... s.mc ........ d

•• •

t,," .~ . .....

,

Other Staff Chauge!!i

f h'and_' and (;~ n~ •• 1 .\I.".w . m~ '" ~I",II.· . 1)10-1. 1"" I/, ..... IJ I '"",,~

lWEW St::. ... " ,\1TOHNF,.,

om ... "r (; .. " , •• 1 I'nu n .. 1 11.),"" .... 1 J ..... ) ..... h

lWEW S(JPEH\' ISORT t :CUNO".ST

I'Tt •• ram A"ooI,.. I_ 1I" -I. lu n • ...u E. ~'.kln<"n

HEAS81GlWMENTIi - SIJI"};Hns .. It " ''''It''Ut:M.t:lWT .... ~,\.I.TS·I1"i

G,,, ..... .l Gunm mcnt 1)tYI ~I" n

S.h.~llon r ,,,,,,It ... J. In'emoUu na lUlnalon

\''''J Ilk'k.'k' n ...... ~J :;.:1",1, non.~oK J Ik-, k. ,

l.o llh Uu and C .. mmuol<'OU"". 1Ij,'I. , .. " ' ft.....,.d I' ~1.nlLl"~

SIJPEHVUiOKT f. ,to ,U ' U ITO ItS

W .. hh'~lun W"lIlonol om"" M"Ir.~,1 s ~1o "'! ... ,

G .. n ..... 1 1i"", .,,".O'n ' 111 ... . 1 .... 1I '~"'n II 11001.

R.E'I1HEMENnt-ASSIST,\.X1' U I K f-:I'TOH

f l n.nd a! ... d G .. " ... a1 )hn. If~ ,n.nl ~h,,!I • • I)h -;.I"" .... 'Ullom N ('",'k'

ANIIIISTA.n Kt:GIUN.\L ." ,\..~ .U.F.1l

I .... ,\ nlldu W" lIlo".1 Ut'nu ..... '!lI.m W i' .... "'"

•

,

New Starr ltlembers

OfIINo.' t ... Co_pt._Ua .. G. ......

om.. ., .... G ... ... , «: •• __ •

c.. •••. t,. aU ~._&. De •• I .... ••• t DhieI ••

E •• r,tJ' ... II ........ DlrieI ••

.......... _46 ... .... M ........ 18t ••••• "' ...... . 58_ .... f' ..... _ ••• t Dln-I.a

........ S.hko __ d C-u.M_

.. •

John .. , l\lIen S .

Jlu rdellc. "lIm,'I . I •.

Kol ... tk, C ..... I L M_clcod . Mo lly 1-',

J·uk"r. 1)<:1"". S .

o ,,(f.I ...... The,."". A. t' o le y. l·alr ... ~I. T .

HOJIIII. Ih:ctor Schr lnbc r6l . I' h )' I1 I ~ 1'. Smit h , fl elc n C.

I.ynch. Ru Lh A. P ICUII. , M ari"n n l' E. Riley. PhJllhl f . SldaJ"llkJ , WUJliunJ . Viet • • Raymond U.

j Clulloj('" Clyde J . Taylor. H. Ken!

Allen, S hlrle)' A .

A.bllne , CraJIt C. Halley, l ubanna L. Boyd. AJriD

..

1)001'"rIIllCIII u( UIl' i nlcrin,.

tlfAce "f l'o: r.",ln,,1 Mllnlll!c," cni

!of " Inll ill ,.'t!-(" rnur l ,. . 'I I.h Ihe Gc,,,'r.1 ,\,' .. uun llnlt ome.: "CJ,.rlIDe n t .. r 1I ... l l II , E,II" ,'lIl.l o" , lind Wdf.rc (J rlh,.,r"ll), <If Vlrllln !!l N"!.!u,,.1 S<:II'''I'I' FoundlOllon I'rI ... le IIuh"u .. y

N .... ru lk StlOlt' l)'l h ' .. r~ll)' :0.1.'101101' h """'I" Im;W " 10'''( T .... h nolo~y n .. ,IM-rtnu: nl ,,( lho: In l .. rinr l ·nl ... · ' .. l ly uf ('.II(ornl. ( ' 1'l'or l "1111 , .. " I ,,"tI~l.ri.lIlMII.,n Cent .. ,

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W.llon H. ShIll,. J • ., """"Y ditKIOf. Ind I(we/<: ........ o..n. opeI ll lOn ..... "c" -'f'" per. IIclplieG In • JoInl Economic Commlll_lpanlOlld wo.hMOjl on "H" Ion., SKu.ily Economic, _ I ... AcIeQ....,.;y 01 , .... U.S. &.Idge, Proc ••• 'Of M,~'nll H.II_1 SKu ... · "PolICy Dec I.IotI." " "" L1Dr.ry 01 COttIl ..... J~ly ,g.20.

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John . . ... ,plty. Jr . • nd NO'IXI<l E.. "'PP • • uo.rYIlOtY 8Il0l '01 . . ... ". on t .... PI"" •• m 01 , .... Employ ...... ' P IKtmtnl Stmln" IOf U.S. P,ooa· nOlI on,: .. , _ In co..ln;IOll, Ky . Seo,. I1· '9.

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' HUlled PIlar. 1111 Cehl(A"" 511" 80ard pi Accounllnc, .. 111'1 H.I 0 ·. "'1t'0811. " """"1 '1OIonil m.naotr. Se" F.ene IIeO, on tilt ... DIKI pi c",",,,,,u'no edUCII_ lor CP~, lot "'noeI" Jul, 31

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The GAO Review Edllor

JoIrrt 0 Hlt/ler A"I,tanl Editor

"... 0"

Admlnlstr.tlve Alilatanee

,J(IStQIIlfIe ItA O,/~

""/'Iv G Bevlnd

Publl,hlng Se,.,lces Air L,MiI),. O,..,.,Ic. ChI'I ..10M ~, Wrl llng ellie l $/Iaron VMI(:'. Wril~·

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c." R FenSl8,mlkP' Ollie. 01 PGtlcy

MIlIVIIl Blown Ollie, 01 P,og,.,., PiMnlno

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Progrlm An.lyll. 01,1.10" Pertll A Sm,I"

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rom "'IUI'"'' Fie ld 0.,. •• 110"' 01,1.10"

LotMs J FI ,... An..,I,

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0, 11 .. J,lme5 J .JoOot1 ..... ~ Alley WIII/ 'foIl

Del fO'l l R.....,.~ Coo<~ ••

K.n, .. Clly Amell E r i/' A

Lo. Angel .. McllMJl CuI$Vn

N •• YOlk EIIC JrXwISOfI

Norfolk UndsaV e H~''''OU(l

Phlladelptll. ',f"u"c:. s..".~

San F,_IKO

""""" -~ S .. III. Ah"" S f~O(1

W" "'no1on George Ge;t"rJO

in'~. ilil'ili review · 2021. 1. 21. · _1." .... .. ~, _ ' .~ ,,~ ... •

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