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State of domiciles

Management quota

Gender based

Caste based

Religion based


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After Independence, the First Backward Class Commission in 1953 headed by Kaka Kalekar, a Gandhian,faced a major handicap because of a lack of accurate population estimates. The last census ever done at thebasis of caste was in 1931 and it determined that OBCs formed 52% of the population. Without any rationalbasis for its recommendation, the Kalekar Commission drew up a list of 2,399backward castes and communitiesand classified 837 groups as most backward. It stunned the then government headed by Jawaharlal Nehru byrecommending a 70 percent reservation of seats in all technical and professional institutions apart fromsubstantial reservations for government jobs. The government refuse to accept the recommendations with Nehrucoming out strongly against any move to divide the nations on the basis of castes.


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The second Backward Commission formed in 1979 and headed by B.P.Mandal, a former Bihar chief minister andan MP, was again hampered by a lack of figures. The Mandal Commission, as it came to be famously knownbolstered its deductions with extensive field surveys apart from Getting the census department to makeextrapolations based on the 1931 census. It pruned the OBC list down to 2,052 and recommended a reservationof 27 percent for OBC`s to all government services as well as technical and professional institutions both at theCenter and State level.

1979- Mandal Commission was established to assess the situation of the socially andeducationally backward. [5] The commission didn't have exact figures for a sub-caste,known as the Other Backward Class (OBC), and used the 1930 [6] census data, further

classifying 1,257 communities as backward, to estimate the OBC population at 52%. [6]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandal_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Other_Backward_Classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Other_Backward_Classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandal_Commission


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FACTS ON RESERVATIONHere are some facts and statistics which clearly indicate the failure of the policy of reservation:Percentage of literacy among Scheduled Castes is 37 %High school drop out rate in SCs is 80 %Number of government jobs lying vacant under the quota is 1 lakh.50% SC/ST seats are vacant in IITs. Out of remaining 50%, one fourth fail to get the degree even in 6 years

Half of the undergraduate seats are lying vacant in Delhi University under quota for SCsLandlords (Yadavs etc.) and Millionaires (Jewellers Suniare ) are also considered as backwards/OBC.ccording to the NSSO - which is a government appointed body - 23.5 per cent of the college seats are alread

with the OBCs.Former president KR Narayanans daughter secured her entry into the Indian Foreign Service via SC reservation.Does president of India need Affirmative Action??

lthough Sikhism, Buddhism, and ISLAM strictly forbid caste system, fake caste order is created in these religionsto extend reservation.If the reservation given on the basis of below poverty line or laborer class and small farmers they will get thebenefits like that on the basis of population (a study of NSS data):1. Upper castes 3%, 2.Muslim: 19%, 3.Lower OBC Castes60%, 4.SC/CT:18% If the reservation given on economicbasis the poor OBC, Muslim and SC/ST will get more reservation in comparison of existing reservation policy. Andbenefits will reach the needy people.No Data exist to establish the total percentage of OBCs in Indian population, as the OBCs don really exist on castebasis. There are castes which fall OBC category in one state and general category in another state.

There has been a constant increase in the number of Backward Castes during last 59 years of independencedespite the policy of Reservation. Starting from less than 100, number of listed Backward/Dalit Castes has reacheda whooping number of 3743.


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indian Government now Indian law provides for a quota system whereby apercentage of posts are reserved in employment in Government and in thepublic sector units, and in all public and private educational institutions,except in the religious/ linguistic minority educational institutions, in order tomitigate backwardness of the socially and educationally backwardcommunities and the Scheduled Castes and Tribes who do not have adequaterepresentation in these services and institutions. The reservation policy isalso extended to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes forrepresentation in the Parliament of India. The central government of Indiareserves 27% of higher education, and individual states may legislate furtherreservations. Reservation cannot be exceeded 50%, as per the rulings givenby the supreme court, but certain Indian states like Rajasthan have proposeda 68 % reservation which includes a 14% reservation for forward castes. [


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Present practice


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Social change

THE FACTS

1. There is existing social inequality in India. There are some whoget less opportunities.

2. Affirmative action is needed to benefit this lot of people and bring

them out of their poverty

3. Reservations have a great potential

Reservations have as yet failed in their goal.


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HAVE RESERVATIONS REALLYFAILED THEIR PURPOSE?

In 1953 , the Kaka Kalelkar commission found 2399 castes and communities to be backward

In 1989 , the Mandal Commission found that the number had been increased to 3743

In 2005 , the number was found to be 4418

The number of backward castes have only increased

Not a SINGLE community has been taken off

the backward list!!!


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BUT WHY?

The founding fathers of our nation predicted thatreservations would be required for just 15 years.

Reservations have been in place for 60 years now, andhave permeated all spheres of modern society.

Now three generations have elapsed, yet reservationsseem to be just increasing, instead of being phased out.


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Who should benefit from reservations

Presence of merit

Lack of opportunity

These are the people you want to benefit

INHERENT TALENT + OPPORTUNITIES = SUCCESS


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AT THE POST-GRADUATE LEVEL

Same books

Same environment

SUCCESS

Same teachers4YEA

RS

4YEARS

OPENCATEGORY

RESERVEDCATEGORY


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NOW THE REAL PICTURE

QUALITYHIGHER

EDUCATIONQUALITY PRIMARY EDUCATION

BRIGHT YOUNG

STUDENT


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DEMANDS

(A) Immediate:

1.Review the provisions of the Mandal Commission

The Mandal Commission report is more than 26 years old now. The statistics are 75 years old!

India has gone through a sea change in just the last 15 years

Fragments society into different castes, and does not look atindividuals as individuals

Castes/classes where participation of females in work is at

least 25% above the state average are backward classes


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The government must prove

that the Mandal commissionhas worked, and will continue to work


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DEMANDS

(A) Immediate:

2. Review by an apolitical representative commission

Politicians cannot be trusted; Too many vested interests Must include intellectuals from all sections of society

Must review the need and effect of reservations every 5 years

Will ensure that reservations are appliedefficiently , appropriately and keeping the

benefit of the Indian nation in mind


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DEMANDS

(B) Short term:

1. No reservations at the post-graduate level

As explained above


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DEMANDS

(B) Short term:

2. Reservations have no place in institutions of excellence

Their purpose is for cutting edge technology and development,which is only possible if merit is not compromised

These institutions will be accessible to only those with

demonstrated merit, whichever section of society they maybelong to.


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DEMANDS

(B) Short term:

3. Reserved category students avail of reserved seats only:

Will ensure adequate representation of backward sections At the same time, seats available to the open category are not

compromised

Currently, 20% of open category seats are taken up by reserved

category students


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DEMANDS

(C) Long term:

1. Improve quality of basic education:

This is the only means of meaningful social uplift All the other methods are merely cosmetic, and temporary


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SUGGESTIONS

1. Commission must specify criteria for reservations:

The criteria must be very specific, based on current data

Individuals without merit OR without lack of opportunities MUST

be kept out through specific, verifiable criteria

System of anonymous appeal and stringent punishment against

those misusing reservations through false documentation


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SUGGESTIONS

2. Have a cut-off for the reserved category as well:


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Good results

Bad results

Clustering of bad results

Good results Bad results

Results at the graduate level

Results at the entrance level

Cut-off point

Ineligible for reservations


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Merit

Socio-economicsituation

80%

20%

THE AFFIRMATIVE ACTION MODEL


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IN CONCLUSION

We are NOT against reservations

We are NOT against those who require and deserve

reservations

We ARE against those who misuse and abuse reservationsin spite of not deserving them, nor requiring them

We ARE against those who play the caste card for their

vested interests


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Let us cometogether and makean India, that looks

at individuals not asmembers of any

particular caste but


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FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:

Email:

[email protected]

Log on to:

http://yfemumbai.blogspot.com

Phone:

9833158385
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

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