8/18/2019 Intermediate Phonology Worksheet

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Intermediate Phonology Worksheet Ling201, Feb. 10

1. English Nasal Place Assimilation

What are the allophones of the English phonemes /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/?For each allophone of each phoneme, what environment does it occur in?

Recall that [ɱ] is a labio-dental nasal, and [n̪] is a dental nasal.

For this problem (and never again) assume that:- words spelled with ‘m’ contain the phoneme /m/- words spelled with ‘n’ contain the phoneme /n/- words spelled with ‘ng’ contain the phoneme /ŋ/

a.[nɑn.ˈtɑk.sɪk] ‘non-toxic’ l.   [kəɱ.ˈfɛs] ‘confess’

b.[ˈmæ.li.jə.bl]̩ ‘malleable’ m.[ʌŋ.ˈkʌɱf.tɹ.̩bl]̩ ‘uncomfortable’

c.[ˌʌm.bə.ˈli.və.bl]̩ ‘unbelievable’ n. [æɱ.ˈfɪ.bi.jən] ‘amphibian’

d.[æn̪.ˈθɑ.lə.dʒi] ‘anthology’ o. [ˈæŋ.ɡɹ]̩ ‘anger’

e.[ɪɱ.ˈvɹ.̩tə.bɹət] ‘in vertebrate’ p. [ˈfɪ.nɪ.ɪŋ] ‘finishing’

f. [ˈsɪ.ŋɹ]̩ ‘singer’ q. [ˌʌm.!ɹə.ˈdɪk.tə.bl]̩ ‘unpredictable’

g.[ˈæŋ.kɹ]̩ ‘anchor’ r.   [ˈ"ɪn.di] ‘windy’

h.[æm.ˈbɪ.və.lənt] ‘ambivalent’ s. [ˈsɪm.!l]̩ ‘simple’

i. [ˈɪn.sɛkt] ‘insect’ t.   [ˈæm.#ɹs̩t] % [ˈæ.mɹs̩t] ‘Amherst’

 j. [ˈkæm.k&ɹ.dɹ]̩ ‘camcorder’ u. [ˌnʌn̪.'ə.ˈlɛs] ‘nonetheless’

k.[ˈæm.tɹæk] ‘Amtrak’ v. ["&ɹmθ] ‘warmth’

2. Old English (~450–1150 A.D.)

Do[n] and[ŋ] belong to one phoneme or two? What about[f] and[v]? What about[#] and[(]?Recall that[(] is a voiceless velar fricative, as in the German pronunciation ofBach [b)(].

a.[b*iŋ.ɡ)n] ‘to bring’ k. [l+.v+] ‘love’

b.[d*iŋ.k)n] ‘to drink’ l.   [ni(t] ‘night’

c.[fæst] ‘fast’ m.[m).n,-s] ‘man’s’

d.[fi,f.t)] ‘fih’ n. [m,.n)] ‘moon’

e.[f&lk] ‘folk’ o. [ni,(.st)] ‘next’

f. [f&nt] ‘font’ p. [n,n] ‘noon’

g.[#),t] ‘hot’ q. [&v.n)s] ‘ovens’

h.[#l,θ] ‘troop’ r.   [*/,(] ‘rough’

i. [#lɛ.(,)n] ‘to laugh’ s.   [lɪŋ.ɡ)n] ‘to lengthen’

 j. [θ+ŋ.ɡɛn] ‘full grown’ t.   [#*ævn] ‘raven’