INTERNET COURSE

This introductory course aims to the Internet world to give you an overview of

what is, what it does and how to use the Internet.

If you're a novice in these matters, probably what is best for you start this course

for Unit 3 Surf the Internet. If you know surfing, perhaps most interesting is the

course for you Unit 4 Searching the Internet. If you have time it would be best

followed all the way from the unit 1.

One of the main features of the Internet is the vast amount of information it

contains, which in most cases it is freely accessible and free. The main drawback

is to quickly find what you are looking for, in this course we hope to help you

overcome this difficulty.

But the Internet is much more than searching for data, there are lots of

possibilities that will help you discover, mail, chat, shopping, music, voice over

IP, ...

In this first unit we will see what Internet introduction, characteristics, and some

things you can do, along the rest of the course we will expand some of the things

cited in this unit.

This course wants to be an example of this facet disseminator of culture that has

Internet and we would like to be maintained and expanded. Perhaps you feel

yourself infected by this flu and also helps enhance the positive side of the

network of networks.

When the tools for sharing information, such as books have been made available

to the people, the culture has grown exponentially. Hopefully this new path that

is the Internet meets the expectations and does not happen with television as it

has produced fewer results than expected in the cultural field.

What is the Internet?

Everyone speaks and hears about the Internet, is new, modern and looks set to

change our way of life. But if you ask people what the Internet is many do not

know what to say. We will try to illustrate with a few simple ideas. Everyone

knows that a clear picture is worth a hundred ideas confusing.

We could say that the Internet is composed of a large number of computers that

can exchange information between them. It is a worldwide computer network.

Computers can communicate because they are united through and through

connections that use a common language or protocol, TCP / IP.

According to the plan we can see in the image, a user connects to the network

(via a modem or router, either via telephone line, cable, satellite, etc ...). From

this point the TCP / IP comes into play, thanks to him you can contact your

Internet Service Provider (ISP) making him aware of your physical address.

Using TCP / IP, the ISP assigns IP addresses to your PC and at that moment gives

you access to the network.

When we access a page we provide a domain that is translated into the DNS

Servers and localized. When we know what Web Server is the page you want to

visit it proceeds to download and display in the browser's PC.

Internet has boomed since approximately 1994, but existed long before

computers connected together so what happened then? Several things happen:

the emergence of the Web, telephone modems, free software for web servers

and personal computers increased.

Most importantly, it appeared the WWW (WorldWideWeb), who managed to make

it easier and attractive to use the network to all users by adding interactivity.

Basically through the introduction of hypertext, graphics and forms. Sometimes

the word is used as a synonym for the Internet Web.

Hypertext is what makes that clicking on a word or figure move from the page

where we are at a different page. This new page can be on another computer at

the other end of the world, this is what created the concept of surfing the

Internet, we can visit within minutes, almost without realizing it, information

that resides on computers located in different countries. Actually when we seek

information that interests us is to find, not knowing where you are physically.

The site also has improved the aspect of information through graphics and text

formatting, this is possible thanks to the creation of the language in which web

pages are written, HTML (HyperText Markup Language). Also appeared for free

Web browsers: programs to transform the HTML in Web pages.

Now the user feel heard by the computer, as can very easily get your opinions,

questions, complaints, etc.. through forms.

Other aspects that helped the growth of the Internet were the occurrence of

low-cost modems installed on a personal computer allowed it connects to the

telephone network through which the data arrives from the other computers

connected to the Internet.

There was also an increasing number of personal computers with which most

people could access the Internet.

Nor should we forget that with the advent of free programs for creating web

servers, including Apache, thousands of small organizations and student groups

could become reporting issuers. Which made dramatically increase the number

and diversity of information available on the Internet totally free.

Unit 2. Internet access

In this unit we will try to explain the basics of the Internet connection as we can

not explain all practical cases, it depends on the configuration and there are

hundreds of cases.

You may also want to know the different possibilities of connection to the

Internet, basic telephone line, ADSL, ISDN, cable, phone, etc..

What is needed to connect to Internet?

To connect to the Internet will need several items. There are some elements

that vary with the type of connection you choose and others are common. Let's

see generically different elements and when we discuss each type of connection

will see them in detail.

In general, we need a terminal, a connection, a modem, a provider of Internet

access and a browser.

Terminal :

The terminal is the element that serves the user to receive and send

information. In the most common case the terminal is a personal computer or

laptop, but can also be a TV with a keyboard or a mobile phone, see below.

A low cost current computer is sufficient to connect to the Internet as the main

factor influencing the quality of Internet access is the connection speed, and this

depends on the type of connection you use, not personal computer. If you're

using the personal computer to work with other programs that require few

resources, such as graphic design programs that require more memory and a fast

processor is recommended to buy a midrange PC or high but if you're using

Internet access and a word processor is enough low-end computers.

It is better to spend the money on a good monitor rather than a very powerful

processor.

What needs to be clear is that for Internet go faster what is important is to have

a fast connection, a fast computer is not much by itself.

For desktop monitor 19 "will allow us to work with a higher resolution

(1280x1024), thus more clearly see the images and we will have more room on

the screen to have several windows open at once. A 17" monitor has a field of

view smaller, but sufficient for most users. With a 15 "monitor recommended

resolution is 800x600 with which some web pages will not be completely on the

screen and have to use the scroll bars. The number of colors depends on those

who can handle the graphics card, but enough with all current card.

Lately they are having some success for small notebooks or netbook because they

are a good option for those who use the computer mainly to connect to the

Internet and require a lightweight laptop. These netbook screens are 9 "or 10"

and weighs less than a kgr.

Connection :

Communication between your computer and Internet needs transported through

some physical medium. The most basic way is through the telephone line, the

most used in Spain is ADSL and cable, but as discussed below can also be through

wireless means.

Modem:

The modem is the element that allows the connection between your PC and

phone line or transmission line. The computer works with digital information

(zeros and ones) while phone lines are working normally in analog form (different

wave amplitudes and frequencies). The modem enables a shift from analog to

digital and vice versa, hence its name, MOdulator DEModulator.

Depending on the type of Internet connection you choose will have to use a

different type of modem, a modem for basic telephone line is good for an ADSL

line.

For dial-up connections can use an external telephone modem 56 Kbps Although

in this case the modem can be internal if it is installed inside the computer,

which is the most common option. Such connections are the slower, and there is

no longer used.

The most common is to have a cable modem or DSL. In addition, may also be a

router, which allows us to share the connection with multiple computers.

Forming a local network with Internet access.

It is also common to have a wireless access point (Wi-Fi). With our equipment we

can connect it wirelessly, to access the network. Just keep in mind that unless

we set users and passwords to our wireless network, any computer in the radio

range of the signal can connect to internet using our connection.

In any case, either integrated into the router, and more or less powerful, you

have a modem which will communicate to our team with the world.

Unit 3. Browsers (I)

Introduction.

The most used Internet service is the Web, followed closely by email. When we

log onto the Internet or surf the internet really we are referring to the Web. To

access the Web you need a program called a browser.

The Web information is available via web pages, these pages are written in HTML

internally, to transform this language in Web pages visible need a program, these

programs are called browsers or browsers (in English). These are complex

programs that perform many functions, but from the outset have been free and

can be downloaded from the web. The most used browser is Internet Explorer

(IE).

A browser used to access the Internet, but you can use IE without an Internet

connection to view web pages you have recorded on the hard disk, a CD, DVD or

other device.

The browsers are incorporating new technologies that are generated around the

Internet, every so often new versions appear, it should have updated your

browser.

When a new version, the browser will automatically install the updates. You can

also visit the web browser and download the latest version. If you have an older

version you might when you visit certain sites can not see properly. For example,

some animations may not function properly, or a menu can not open.

The first browser that was released by the network was the Mosaic, in 1993.

Later became Netscape, which dominated the market until the arrival of

Microsoft with its Internet Explorer (IE) in 1996.

He started the "browser wars" in which lawsuits were filed against Microsoft for

trying to abuse its dominant position in the market for operating systems with

Windows, to make your IE.

This war in the courts was long disputed. But the trade war was clearly won by

Microsoft, which in 2005 had more than 90% of the browser market. The main

advantage of Microsoft was to have your browser pre-installed in Windows. What

made that most users will simply not bother to download and install another.

In recent years, Internet Explorer has been losing market share. Even if we add

users to IE 6, IE 7 and IE 8, it remains first.

In 2005 came to force a new competitor to IE, Firefox was the browser of the

Mozilla organization and continuation of the left (then) Netscape. This

organization belongs to the world of open source and not the business world as

Microsoft.

*Firefox is a modern browser that innovated with some very interesting features.

For example, Firefox has a blocking pop up windows (pop-ups), also has the

possibility of opening new websites in the same window using different flaps. In

Firefox is built on the upper right, several of the most popular search engines

like Google, Yahoo, etc..

The main advantage of Firefox is to use the supplements, and the large number

of them are available, what features the browser adapts to user needs.

Although seeing as anger, these innovative features have been incorporated into

other browsers slowly.

* In September 2008 came the other hand browser from Google, the Chrome.

Given the strength of Google in the network is likely to achieve a significant

market share.

* Is also available for Windows users to Apple's Safari browser.

*Another noteworthy browser and Opera users is enough. Very lightweight and

has a philosophy of total configuration by the user program and compliance to

the letter of the standards published by the W3C.

These five are unquestionably the dominant browsers, and although there are

other, their diffusion is minimal.

There are sites that specialize in measuring the quality of the browser. For

example the Acid3 test checks how the browser respects the standards, giving a

score between 0 and 100. Another test SunSpider is responsible for measuring the

speed with which the browser executes the JavaScript, increasingly used in so-

called Web applications.

Unit 4. Search Engines (I)

At one time, at the beginning of the Internet in the '90s, when searching for

something through the network of networks was exhausting work and boring, now

things have changed. Usually one is surprised at how easy and fast it is seeking

information.

Sometimes it's very rewarding to find something that did not even know existed

and exceeds our expectations. One of the reasons why the Internet engages

people. It's like being in front of a giant dump on the first kick and find a

diamond.

Of course you should know before searching the Internet, is what we tried to

explain in this unit.

This videotutorial ball you can see the concepts we discuss in this issue.

Let's start with Google search

Let's go see the features and management of search engines as an example. I

hope it clearer.

Start with the most used search engine, Google.

To start click here or type http://www.google.com in the address bar of your

browser. Or just type "google" in the address bar, the browser will start your

browser and probably will appear in their web address Google in the first

position.

Once you open the page, this is the initial screen of Google. Most options do not

appear until you move the mouse cursor.

The first detail to note is that Google detects the language of your operating

system and the screen presents you in that language. In our case in Spanish. Also

detects our country, and shows the appropriate browser version (pictured,

Spain).

You can also go directly to Google Spain: www.google.es, Google Mexico:

www.google.com.mx, Argentina: www.google.com.ar, and many other countries

where Google has its own page for that country.

At the bottom right, you can see a link to Google.com if you insist on going to

www.google.com

Even you can manually choose the interface language and language Google

search by clicking on the Search Settings link located in the upper right corner. If

you want to see more detail visit this page basic

The display of Google is very simple. It has a central text box where you type in

what we seek, the button to start search Search with Google and some other

things with pretty descriptive names, and now we will not see. Then we will

explain in detail the results screen.

This clear and simple style was not fashionable until Google came before, search

engines have a very dense screens, with many options, advertising, etc..

The E-MAIL

Some people think the Internet is not too useful, but when they said they can

communicate with anyone anywhere in the world within minutes, they can even

send pictures, sounds and files with large amount of data, so this quick and easy,

can begin to change their minds about the usefulness of the Internet. For some

e-mail or email is the most used Internet service along with the Web.

There are several types of accounts, POP3, IMAP and SMTP, POP3 here talk of

being the most used.

The Internet mail, like regular mail should be private, that all programs to read

mail password protection feature. Although this does not ensure that someone

can intercept the mail while traveling through the network.

To avoid this, you can use encryption systems such as PGP, to encrypt the

message before sending it over the network and decrypted upon arrival.

* Operation.

The e-mail or e-mail is a way to send messages between computers over the

Internet.

Like most Internet services, mail is based on client / server architecture. Let me

explain, in simplified terms, what this architecture. Clients are the computers of

users who use the mail and the server is the computer that handles mail, the

server belongs to the entity providing the mail.

When someone sends an email, first come to your mail server that sends it to the

recipient's server, where the message is stored in the recipient's mailbox. When

the recipient connects to the server, it will send all pending messages. Therefore

do not care if the customer is connected or not the Internet at the time a

message is sent.

We can configure our mail so that each time you boot or read the messages

waiting to read them when I click the Receive button.

The mailbox can be fixed size, so if they accumulate many messages on the

server and the client does not read your mail may be blocked. Even before the

server usually sends a warning message for emptied the mailbox. When we say an

e-mail account, for example, refer to 20 Mb available space on the mailbox

server. This was more common several years ago. But now, major email services

offer sizes reaching several GB, which makes filling is not our mail.

The process client / server is more complicated than described here, since

messages are sent downstream from check to ensure that at each step the data is

received well.

Customers must have a program-mail client, eg Outlook or Firebird. The server is

a computer program that has a mail server that can handle thousands of email

accounts. Normally the mail server resides on a machine other than the web

server, for this may at some point the web server is not working but the mail

server, or vice versa.

An email has several components, the mailing address of the destination, the

message text and maybe some more things as attachments, etc..

An email has a fixed structure:

nombre_cuenta @ server_name

eg andres.lopez @ hotmail.com

Each email address is unique for everyone, can not be two identical email

addresses.

When we connect to the Internet through a provider we normally assign one or

more email accounts. We can also create us accounts on websites that offer free

like Hotmail, Gmail, yahoo, etc..

There are three basic ways to use the mail through a mail program, using

webmail and using instant messaging programs ..

Mail program. For example, Microsoft Outlook, the Mozilla Thunderbird, Eudora,

etc.. These are specific programs for working with mail and we have to install on

your PC. The first time you have to configure them using the account data and

mail server. Therefore it is only practical use in the home PC and work.

They can handle multiple accounts at once no matter who you provide the

account. They have many more options than webmail. In the picture on the next

page you can see the overall look of Outlook 2007.

Webmail. As its name suggests, is to use the Web Mail. One advantage of

webmail is that from any computer with Internet access can read and send our

mail without having to configure anything. We will explain some things more

than Webmail.

Instant messaging has nothing to do directly with the email, but has the

characteristic that when an email arrives warns us at the same moment, also

informs us when connecting a member of a list of users that we we created

previously. At that point we decide to write an email or set up a conversation in

a chat.

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COMMUNICATE ON-LINE The ChatChat or talk on the Internet allows instant

written between two or more people over the Internet.If you have never

participated in a chat you can imagine it as a room where people gather to

discuss a subject without any moderation or strict rules. What happens is that

instead of using the voice to communicate using the keyboard and computer

screen, although participants may be thousands of km. away from each other the

conversation is real time.Before entering the chat you will have to choose a

nickname or pseudonym ( "nick"), which is the name that others will see in the

chat. We should not give your real name.Will also choose one from among the

chat rooms available, each on a different subject. For example, friends, trivia,

youth, business, sports, love, etc.. Once inside the chat you will see a screen

similar to this next image shows the Terra chat.

Chats can be found in almost all portals, for example, ChatMania, Wanadoo,

Ya.com, etc..In the middle are the messages that participants sent in front of

each message is the name of the sender. Just below is a blank line where you

type your message, to send you need to press the Submit button that is on the

right.In the right column is a list of the pseudonyms of the participants. When

someone enters or leaves the chat line appears that reports them.If there are

few participants in the chat you can read messages from all others and establish

a conversation between everyone, but if there are many entries is a little

difficult.The solution is to switch to private chat between two. How do depends

on each chat, usually just double-click the right name and open a window in

which only two people involved.

FORUMS AND DISCUSSION GROUPSForumsA Forum on the Internet is a place

where people share their views, experiences and questions on any topic in a

hierarchy.That is, a forum allows you to start a topic to which others can respond

and express their opinions or respond to a topic that has raised another person.

These topics are organized into groups called Forums.So the final structure of a

forum is usually this:

This method is very useful because you can be a problem and return within a few

days (or hours, depending on the frequency at which the forum is visited) to find

the answer put forward by anyone who has provided to help you.In this way we

are able to send messages into space, and if they are interesting, may even

cause a massive response .. answers to these are called Hilo.A forum thread is

not just a question raised has been very successful and therefore it is followed by

many people. Some threads may have dozens of answers, where many times to

get to understand the latest messages conclusion must read the entire thread.

This tool is, therefore, very handy when raising doubts about something. You can

get to a forum and ask how old do you wean a puppy, it is likely that someone

will answer a few days it is recommended at 4 to 6 weeks.Obviously you will find

forums about anything, so it will be possible to initiate or participate in any

thread that comes to mind.We in aulaClic, we have a forum you can find here.

As you can see we have 2 active forums at the moment, the technical questions

about the courses and information technology, and a second named Secretariat.

Administration where you can leave your doubts about our courses

administrative, purchasing, shipping, etc ...If you click on either of these two

forums will see the topics that is composed, for example, the Technical

Questions forum is:

As you see in the picture, the forum is composed of many issues in chronological

order, column topics can view a description of the item. Looking Answers column

has generated few answers we will see each of the topics.On a forum also find

who started the topic and who left the last message.

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SHOPPING ON THE INTERNETIntroduction Just as no one doubts that the Internet

has had an impressive success in the field of communication, is not having

success so brilliant that some advertised in the appearance of online shops. You

may have something to do with the fact that the creators of the Internet were

mainly intended to develop technology that would serve to interconnect

computers so that one could exchange information among themselves, but

certainly were not thinking about creating a place for shopping. Internet did not

begin to be used for purchases until some years after its launch and was due to

the large number of people began to use it. From there began an adaptation of

Internet electronic commerce, especially in the aspect of security and

convenience in the payment means, a process that is not finished yet as they

continue in new forms of payment they intend to be better than paying credit

card. On the other hand the advantages of buying over the Internet is

undeniable. You can conveniently shop from home and in stores around the

world. All the shops are at the same distance from the user, it takes just a mouse

click to reach any of them. The speed with which you can buy is also obvious,

enter an online store and select the item ordering can cost a few minutes. For

traders there are also many advantages, through a website can reach millions of

users, not local or require employees to show their products, orders reach them

instantly, and so on. The online shopping continue to grow slowly are growing in

the gap in consumer habits, let's see aspects that help us understand how this

works and therefore more informed buying choices. What can you buy online?

Someone can answer hastily, saying that "on the Internet you can buy

everything," and surely that's not true. At least some things are appropriate for

online shopping and other things that are less appropriate. Something that can

guide us in this aspect is to know what people are buying now. If we look at some

of the lists of Internet shopping habits, we see that there are a few products that

capture almost all traffic to sales. The products and services that sell best are,

without going into excessive detail, records, books, travel and hotel reservations,

banking data queries, movie tickets, training, on-line auctions, information bag

and a few others. Why are not yet usually buy food and clothes? Because people

like to see the appearance of the fruit before you buy and try on a dress to see

how it looks. This does not mean that you can not buy food online, if we have

sold apples are not good and we can restore without any problem because we

have confidence in the shop that sells us there will be no problem. Why buy

books and CDs? Because if our favorite author has released a new book or have

heard on the radio or TV like an album that does not need anything more to

decide comrpar that book or that album. We also know that the disc and the

book will be the same if we buy it in a real shop in a store online. As for booking

a hotel or a trip and usually we're doing on the phone, so do not make much

difference on the Internet. We also consulted the balance of our bank account

from an ATM, no longer a computer that connects to the bank, now the cashier's

screen is the screen of your computer. The case of training, information

exchange and on-line auctions are totally different. These services are fortified

when compared with their versions off the Internet, ie are more effective over

the Internet without it. The training courses on-line compared to traditional

training courses via computer-assisted CD has several advantages, the most

important is the possibility of instant communication between student and

teacher through chat and video conferencing. The stock market information via

the Internet far exceeds that may be offered by telephone or other means, since

it is more useful and quick to see a screen with data and graphs of data rates of

hearing by telephone. eBay In online auctions can take thousands of people at

once without leaving home buying and selling with which the offer is very

generous. Therefore, some products and services that either did not exist outside

the Internet or Internet can empower them, thus their chances of succeeding

increase. In summary we can say that there are some products that lend

themselves more to purchase online because their quality is known in advance

and not change the fact you buy online, like books. There are also services that

their quality depends more on the professionalism that provides the means by

which they are holding, as travel agents. Finally, there are services and products

that can only be found on the Internet or that improve its online version as

network games or online training. We can’t give you a list of places to shop

online, as it would be endless, we will only give you some examples of good

stores and online services. It can be purchased at retailers like Carrefour, El

Corte English, in book and record stores like Fnac, Diaz de Santos and Amazon,

sports shops as Barrabes, SuperSport or Malls. For purchases of a little more

expensive products make sure that the company has a renowned reputation, for

example, to buy a mobile phone can visit The Phone House, Optus, Telstra and

Vodafone offer full guarantee in mobile telephony. Apart from buying goods on

the Internet also can purchase services. For example, travel reservations and

hotels are having great success. Viajar.com acts as a travel agency in Spain to

search for hotels using Hotelsearch. You can find cheap flights Vueling, EasyJet,

RyanAir, etc ...

LEARNING ON THE INTERNET Introduction Internet education is experiencing a

boom, every day there are more websites that offer online courses and there are

more students who take these courses and most are satisfied with the teaching

received. This is because the Internet is an excellent vehicle for human

communication and education is essentially a process of communication between

teacher and student. Several years ago appeared to distance education, used the

mail and self-learning books. Later, when personal computers began to become

popular emerged computer-assisted instruction (CAI) that was sitting at the

computer and follow the instructions that this was giving, these courses are more

interactive courses by mail but had the disadvantage of the lack of help. When

the student had a problem was discouraged because it was difficult to find

someone to help him and was in a situation that made it difficult to continue

with the course. This problem has a solution on the Internet easier because it is

very easy to get help from the teacher through email, chat, IP telephony or

videoconferencing. Today it is possible to establish a true virtual classroom if you

have enough bandwidth. In a real classroom, students see and hear the

professor's explanation made on the board, to their peers in a virtual classroom,

students also see and hear the teacher, instead of the board support the

explanation is the screen computer, the student can directly ask the teacher, the

teacher can see the display of the student and realize what he is doing wrong to

correct him. It is also possible to let the students see all the questions from their

peers and talk to them. In this scenario the educational process can be carried

out perfectly. In some cases, even with some advantages over classroom

teaching. Of course, there are some drawbacks. Advantages of online education

No movement The student does not have to travel to the school. For people with

mobility problems or live in remote sites is a great advantage. Not having to

travel significant savings in time and money. No timetable It is easier to adjust

schedules to conduct the study. Activities that do not need the teacher can be

made at any time. Barata An Internet course is cheaper than one face, as it can

reach many people and a teacher can serve more students in a class attendance.

Customizable Online education is more customizable. Each student can study at

their own pace and level, in a live class students who are not in the middle of

the class are harmed, the more advanced they get bored listening to stuff they

already know and the most backward are lost and can not follow rhythm.

Participatory For students who are shy or with communication problems is easier

to communicate with the teacher and their peers through email and chat

wondered out loud to the teacher. This problem is more common than thought,

many times students do not ask questions because they are embarrassed to speak

publicly or because they think the teacher and their peers will think he is doing a

stupid question. When asked by mail other students do not see the question.

Multimedia It have more multimedia and interactive elements in teaching

integrated more completely than in conventional teaching. Through photos,

videos and sound can be created very attractive courses for students who will

motivate and make learning more effective. In many cases the classes will be

limited to hearing about the teacher and read a book. Tracking You can do

detailed monitoring of the performance of each student from the different data

that can be obtained as the connection time, the areas studied, the questions

asked, results of assessments and self assessments, etc.. Updated Contents

updated. It's much easier to update a course on the Internet, for example, a

book. Disadvantages of Internet education Room The student must have the

necessary equipment, computer and Internet connection. Intimidation Having to

use the computer can intimidate or discourage some students who think that

using a computer is somewhat complicated. In fact, students should have only

minimal knowledge of computers so that anyone can take a course online.

Schedules Freedom of time may also be a drawback as it makes it easier than

laziness imposed. With no obligation to attend classes at a particular time may

not consider the time required. Cold Internet communication can be cooler than

direct communication between people that occurs in a course outside the

Internet.

INTERNET SECURITY Viruses Computer viruses are programs that inadvertently

installed on the computers, carry on their destructive role and can spread to

other computers. Pathways are diverse and have evolved over time. A few years

ago when there was no Internet, preferably propagated through diskettes. Then

they started to use as a means of expanding the programs that were downloaded

over the Internet. The most used means of spread are the e-mail (Internet mail)

and Web pages. Using e as dispersion medium has several advantages from the

standpoint of the virus. It is a very fast and used by many people, a virus can be

replicated millions of times in a few days in the following way. The virus arrives

by mail to a computer and sends itself to all email addresses listed in Address

Book. When you reach another computer re-sends itself to all addresses listed in

it, and so on. Viruses that use Web pages and Internet are also able to reproduce

very quickly since a page can be accessed by thousands of people daily. The life

cycle of a virus could be this, go into your computer, that is, infects us, and

cause runs normally damage, then tries to copy itself to other computers, ie

spread. When it is detected by some antivirus program or user is removed and

die. Let's see this in more detail. Infection For our computer is infected with a

virus or spread, the virus code has to be recorded on our computer, the easiest

way to do this for a virus is when copying files, and you only need to hide inside

the file you're copying . If we can not only read information infect, for example,

if we read the contents of a CD or visit a web page there is no danger of

infection. This is the norm, but there are exceptions, as we shall see, as

sometimes happens that we are recording things in our computer without

realizing it. Once the file is virus on your computer has to run to carry out its

functions. Having a recorded file on your hard disk does not mean that this virus

has done everything that has to do, it may not yet executed. But more often is

that you just entered into the computer the file is run. There are several ways to

run, for example, we can implement ourselves without realizing it when you

open a mail attachment. Another form of self-launch is to alter the configuration

of the computer to run whenever you start the computer. So every time you copy

something in our computer can also be copying a virus. The most common routes

of infection are: 1 - e-mail. 2 - Get off the Internet for download files. 3 - Get

off the Internet via ftp files. 4 - Copy USB flash drives, CD, etc.. 5 - Visiting web

sites. 6 - Use of focus groups. 7 - Use of networks. 8 - Use of P2P networks. 1 - e-

mail It is the most important method of infection today. Allows virus spread at

great speed as they send millions of emails every day. Some viruses are only

activated if you open attachments that accompany the message. Other viruses

are activated simply by opening the mail and read the message. If we turned the

preview in our mail program means that all messages are read to show the

subject and sender, but we do not open this message, the mail program itself

opens and we can therefore infected. Later in the precautions section you can

see how to turn off the preview. Read the post, in many cases is an action that

causes information to be recorded on our computer. Because the messages are

downloaded from the mail server and saved on a hard drive. 2 - Get off Internet

download file There are many websites that give the possibility to download files

by clicking a link, it opens a dialog to ask what our hard disk folder we want to

make the file and start the download. If the file you downloaded is infected can

infect your computer. The virus can usually review these files before opening

them. 3 - Get off the Internet via ftp files This is another way to download files

over the network. For this we use ftp programs like Cute-FTP or FileZilla, these

programs allow you to connect to a server and copy files from the server to your

computer and if we are allowed from your computer to the server. 4 - Copy USB

flash drives, CD, etc.. Increasingly fewer files are exchanged through this system,

since it is more convenient to send them online. But there are many viruses that

create a boot file on the USB infected. By putting it in another computer, the

system executes the boot file, executing the virus. 5 - Visiting web sites.

Normally web pages contain text, graphics, sound, animation and video. The

browser will only read these elements are displayed on the screen, so web pages

can not be infected because they do not usually contain programs that run on

your computer. However, some websites can record information on our computer

via ActiveX controls and Java applets without us being aware of it. This is an

extremely dangerous infection that is increasingly being used more, especially to

spread spyware. Normally for a web page can infect their visitors must be the

rightful owner or webmaster of that page to install the viruses with the intent to

propagate, so you can surf the pages all serious on the network. Almost 100% of

the servers have antivirus that prevent the possibility of sending viruses through

their websites. Faulty construction of browsers are also involved in this. Many

times when scheduling the operation of browsers are left with gaps or holes that

malicious individuals use weaknesses against us. In fact, in September 2006 found

a bug in Internet Explorer that could install anything on a browser simply by

visiting a website. In the latter case, user interaction in the infection is almost

zero, usually (and in other cases) we get infected by downloading a file, run a

program or clicking on certain link. By capturing this kind of failure the result

can be chaotic for nothing more Visit our team would be at the mercy of anyone.

Anyway, as said before, this is only isolated incidents that are resolved by

patching (fixing) the browser program. And yet, the servers and trusted websites

tend not to have these types of problems. The only solution is to use caution and

to visit only sites that we feel safe. And do not click any link does not install

everything that we offer. 6 - Use of discussion groups, chat rooms, IRC. In the

discussion groups messages are exchanged and sometimes attachments, similar

to mail. Although the focus groups used a transmission system other than mail, it

is possible that if we open one of these attachments can infect us. Potentially

any means of transferring files is likely to be used to deliver a virus. 7 - Use of

networks. We can infect using global networks (Internet) or local networks. So

far the clearest case of infection through the Internet has been the Sasser virus

that infects computers by simply connecting to the Internet without the user

visits a particular Web page or download a file. When we use a local network are

sharing resources with other computers on the network, if any of the computers

on the network is allowed to write on a hard drive could transfer a virus. 8 - Use

of P2P networks. P2P networks (eMule, Ares, kazza, BitTorrent, ...) are designed

for sharing files and are used by millions of people around the world, so are the

ideal place to put files with the mixed virus sound files. It must be said that

these networks take steps to avoid the presence of detectable virus and as it

removes any or warn users. And we repeat: potentially any means of transmitting

files is likely to be used to deliver a virus. Just by participating in a group chat or

discursión, sending and receiving messages does not mean you have to infect

you.

BLOGS Introduction A Blog or weblog is a website that contains a series of text

entries or items that are updated periodically. Thus, most current text

foregrounds to be the first thing visitors see upon entering the page. Usually

blogs (short for Weblogs) are used as personal journals, where its creators find a

way to convey their ideas to the world. Due to the revolutionary capabilities of

reach of the Internet, weblogs have become an avenue of expression worldwide.

Creating one is easy and keep it only entails a minimum commitment from time

to time, also anyone from anywhere in the world can read and comment on it. In

fact, what most of these sites have in common is the feedback. Each entry that is

produced, jointly issued a link that leads to the comments section of that entry,

so anyone can leave your opinion or comment on the website. Blogger Getting a

blog is easy, virtually all major portals and Internet sites offer you the

opportunity to host your weblog free of cost. Blogger is one of the top leading

companies in this sector. Long Acquired by Google, is dedicated to providing

space and free tools for anyone to create an account and start writing a blog

with a few clicks. MSN (Microsoft's web portal) has recently developed a new

feature for its users, MSN Spaces. Just as Blogger, MSN offers a space with only a

hotmail account you can write a blog, store photo albums or create custom lists

of interests. The use of images on blogs has become quite popular, even making

other types of spaces called Fotologs (mixture of Photography and Blog). His

greatest example is the company that is dedicated fotolog.com, like its

predecessors, to provide free space for users who want to create this type of

Weblogs. The fotologs are fundamentally different in that the main part of the

periodic input is an image, which may be accompanied or not (depends on the

taste of the author) by a small piece of text. It is a fact that this form of

communication works and does reach the public all information. That's why many

companies already collect this method and creating new sections have

assimilated periodic publication in blog format. You can see some examples in

newsrooms from Google, Adobe or Samsung. Even some have seen a reef behind

this approach and has created blogs with entries on specific topics worthy of

journals. One of its main representatives in Spanish is WeblogsSL, a company

dedicated to creating themed blogs blogs where we can find a wide variety of

interests, from the world of the baby until the passion for motor, through

different blogs on science, technology , economics, fashion, food, etc ... Many

newspapers online edition are adding blogs as part of their contents in an opinion

column more. Visit the pages of newspapers 20Minutos or World where you will

find a good example of this use of weblogs.

WEB 2.0 Introduction In the beginning, the Internet was a fairly static. All your

pages are created in a fixed and rarely updated, so its content was quite

predictable and offered very little interaction with the user. This was the Web

1.0. Gradually, dotcom companies began using new technology and adapted their

pages more dynamic content that achieved greater wealth of content through

their ability to communicate with databases. Managers emerged contents and

forms were becoming a real site. The improved user interaction. We were

watching the Web 1.0 was closer to offering services that display content,

gradually the situation improved and companies like Google, Amazon and Yahoo

(among others) began to become well-known Internet giants. Many people called

this stage of Web 1.5. Gradually, and as a result of several conferences (see Web

2.0 Conference), several large companies and experts decided that to get most

out of the network of networks had to change their point of view: Web 2.0 was

born. As Ross Mayfield (SocialText steering) then coined: Web 1.0 era for

commerce, Web 2.0 is for people. Following these meetings emerged new

concepts and trends that would soon be reflected online. Web 2.0 is emerging as

an attitude and not a new technology. A new way in which the user is in control

of information. According to this new philosophy, to the employer a website is no

longer theirs to become ours. Represents the evolution from traditional

applications to the user-oriented web applications. Some applications that

generate and are generated by the collaboration, providing real services to

replace (long term) desktop applications (Office, Photoshop, Dreamweaver, etc

...). Another way to look is the one found in Microsiervos. Web 2.0 is not a

remake but a new way of doing things. Principles of Web 2.0 In these

conferences are distilled a few key concepts on how to create the Internet:

Evolution towards software ball anywhere. Internet is now the platform. The

standards set by the W3C. The more standardized information easier to find the

will to share. Using formatting styles (such as in newspapers) to separate the

information. Content syndication. It should not be necessary for users to visit us

to see our new products, we are offering them. Using interactive technologies:

AJAX, Flash, Flex, Lazlo. The user must control information. Social networking

and communities. Following these principles will emerge new companies emerge

and they begin to work differently. They offer services to users, ceasing to be a

mere element showing pages and pages of static information with which it was

impossible to interact. As you can see from now on, many have adopted these

new guidelines, and if everything continues as it is now very likely that this trend

comes to settle down. Yet we must remember that not all companies will be

born which will

remain. It is not the first time I attended a tech bubble and we know that many

of them fall by the wayside.