introduction to management mehul
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction To
Management
Submitted by :
MEHUL PRAJAPATI
SEC.: B
ROLL NO. : 21
1
SUBMITTED TO :
PROF. JAIDEEP BANERJEEUNITEDWORLD SCHOOL OF BUSINESS
AHMEDABAD
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INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
Organization is a group of people who areestablish relationships maintain and sustainfor longtime to achieve a common GOAL.
Management is a art of getting effective
work from people.
MANAGEMENT IS MANAGING MAN TACTFULLY .
MANAGEMENT is not a group of people, itis a process of managing inputs in a mosteffective manner to generate maximum
outputs to achieve GOAL of organization. 3
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MANAGEMENT
Fayol was studying mgt. theory. Hetreated mgt. as an art of taking effectivework from people. His main focus on TOPMgt.He is also called FATHER OFADMINISTRATIVE Mgt. THEORY.He worked
a monograph which was converted into abook GENERAL &ADMINISTATION in 1914.
HE SUGGESTED :
MANAGERIAL SKILLS
MANAGEMENTFUNCTION
MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE
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TECHNICALACCOUNTINGSECURITY
FINANCIALADMINISTRATIVE
PLANNINGORGANIZINGLEADING /
DIRECTIOCONTROLLING
1. DIVISION OF WORK2. UNITY OF COMMAND3. UNITY OF DIRECTION4. REMUNIRATION
5. SCALAR CHAIN6. AUTHORITY &
RESPONSIBILITY7. STABILITY OF TENURE8. DISCIPLINE9. CENTRALIZATION
10.INITIATIVE11.TEAM WORK12.ORGANIZATION
INTEREST13.ORDER14.EQUITY
FAYOL SUGGESTED : (FAYOL ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT cont)
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F.W.TAYLORS SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
FEDRIC Taylorwas management scientist, working in MIDVAVE
STEEL PLANT ( USA ).
HE treated mgt. as a science-his main focus was on BOTTOMLEVEL MGT.He wanted every bottom manager to learn to do work in (1) least
possible time and (2) Least possible cost.He also wanted to apply science and scientific principle in mgt..he
suggested that these should be one best way Of doing things.
Features :
Time & motion studyIncentives (piece rate wages system)
Separate planning & doing
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SCIENTIFICMANAGEMENT (cont)
Concept of functional foremanship :Scientific selection & trainingStandardizationJob analysis
Limitation of Taylor mgt. :
Time study not easyIncentives ( money) not motivated to everybody.There is no one best way ( method) of doing things.- there are multiple
ways.
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PROCESS OF MANAGEMENT
PLANNING
ORGANIZING
LEADING / DIRECTING
CONTROLLING
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MANAGEMENT IS POSDCoRB.
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PLANNINGPLANNING IS thinking in advance for future what is to be done,how it is to be done,whowill do it,when & where future activites to bedone ?
Planning is the bridge between present
and future.Planning is decreasing fear, uncertainty,problem, assumption and risk of the future.
Planning is making and using ofassumption,selection and relation of facts inthe visualisation and formalisation of thefuture activity to achieve GOAL ofor anization.
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PROCESS OF PLANNING
IDENTIFICATION OFPROBLEM
IMPLEMENTATION/EVALUATION/FEEDBACK OF PLAN
PLANNING PREMISES
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
PERCEPTION OF OPPORTUNITY
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1 2
3 4
CONTROLABLE
NCONTROLABLE
EXTERNAL INTERNAL
PLANNING PREMISESS DIAGRAM
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EXAMPLE OF PLANNING :THE FIRM WHICH PLANNED TO INVEST MONEY IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY,
MAY SET AN OBJECTIVE BECOMING NO.1 IN THAT INDUSTRY IN 4 YEAR.
PRESENT DIRECTIONPRESENT DIRECTION
FUTUREDIRECTION
ABSENCE OFFOCUSABSENCE OFCLARITYWRONGDIRECTIONRESOURCESWASTAGE
CLEARDIRECTIONCHANNELISATION OFRESOURCESCLARITYABOUT FUTURECLARITY OFDIRECTION
OBJE
CTIVE
REMO
VEFUTURE
GAP
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ORGANIZINGINDIVIDUAL1
INDIVIDUAL1
INDIVIDUALN
Group head 1
Group A
Group head NGroup N
Group head 2
Group B
Group head A
Group head B
Group head N
Co-ordinationAuthority
StructureResponsibilitycommunication
Environment
OverallGroup
Head
GO
AL
ition of ORGANIZING :ing is a social system where people,process and technology is adjustg to environment 2 or more people to attempt to achive organization
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AUTHORITY RESPONSIBILITY POWER
Authority is the powerto take decisions which
will influence thebehavior of others.
It include.Obligation
AnswerabilityAccountability
People who are havingauthority may or may not
have power.
It is given to theposition not to theperson.
It can not be delegatedit can only understood.
Power is created byperson with or withoutauthority.
A smart manager mayaward some part ofauthority to his juniorand keep someauthority with himself.
Every employee whohave authority shouldfeel responsible.
Even when the person isnot in position powerstage with him.
Authority is given bythe top Mgt..in formalorganizationstructure,Top Mgt.have maximum
authority
Responsibility &Authority will go handto hand.
Power can be generatedthroughKnowledgeResourcesPeople
Rewards/punishmentsReli ion osition, etc.
DIFFERENCE AUTHORITY , RESPONSIBILITY& POWER :
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DIRECTION :DIRECTING is the process of positive influence the
members ofThe team of organization to make them understand theirpotential so thatThey give best performance always not by force ,by self interestknowingwho they are ? and what they can do ?
DIRECTING / LEADING
DIRECTING / LEADING
LEADRSHIP is the
process Of influencing
behavior by the Leaderof the employee to
make him perform at the
best.
Motivaton is the process of
Inspiring the people for
Making them contribute toVoluntarily to organization
GOAL.
Communication is the
process of Exchanging
thoughts,ideas,
Knowledge,information,cul
ture,beliefs, Ect.between 2
or more people for
common understanding
LEADING MOTIVATION COMMUNICATION
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CONTROLLING
PROCESS OF CONTROLLING :
ESTABLISAING STANDARDS
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
COMPARE WITH ACTUAL STANDARD
CHECK DEVIATION AND LUANCH CORRECTIVE ACTION
ESTABLISHING NEW STANDARD
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EXAMPLE FOR CONTROL system :
ASSUMING A MANAGER WHO GIVE A PERFORMANCE
STANDARD OF 100 SHOES TO 5 WORKERS IN 8 HOURS AT MORNING 8 a.m.
AFTER 8 HOURS,MANAGER COMPARING AND MEASURING ACTUALPERFORMANCE WITH STANDARDS FIND A GAP OF 20 SHOES.THE CORRECT
GAP AND ACTUAL CORRECTIVE ACTION GIVE NEW TARGET OF 120 SHOES
FOR NEXT DAY.
FACTORS AFFECTING TO CONTROL SYSTEM :
TIMELY & FORWARDSUITABLEOBJECTIVES & UNDERSTANDABLE
FLEXIBLE ( Flexibility Brings Growth )ECONOMICAL ( BENEFITS > COSTS )PERSPECTIVE & ORGATIONALACCEPTABLE
MOTIVATION
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THANK YOU