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Carnegie Mellon 1 Design of Digital Circuits 2017 Onur Mutlu Srdjan Capkun (Lecture by Der-Yeuan Yu) Adapted from Digital Design and Computer Architecture, David Money Harris & Sarah L. Harris ©2007 Elsevier Adapted from slides by Onur Mutlu, Srdjan Capkun, Frank K. Gürkaynak and Aanjhan Ranganathan http://www.syssec.ethz.ch/education/Digitaltechnik_17 Introduction to the FPGA and Labs

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Page 1: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

1

Design of Digital Circuits 2017Onur MutluSrdjan Capkun(Lecture by Der-Yeuan Yu)

Adapted from Digital Design and Computer Architecture, David Money Harris & Sarah L. Harris ©2007 ElsevierAdapted from slides by Onur Mutlu, Srdjan Capkun, Frank K. Gürkaynak and Aanjhan Ranganathan

http://www.syssec.ethz.ch/education/Digitaltechnik_17

Introduction to the FPGA and Labs

Page 2: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

2

Lab Sessions

In HG E 26.1 and E 26.3

Tuesday 15:15-17:00 (also in HG E 19)

Wednesday 15:15-17:00

Friday 08:15-10:00

Friday 10:15-12:00

There is enough seating for you to hop around occasionally

Page 3: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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Labs in this Course

9 labs, 25 points in total

We will put the lab manuals online

Grading

No need to hand in the reports! The questions are optional

The assistants will check your work and note down your grade

You should finish the labs within 1 week after they are announced

We want to help you successfully complete all the labs!

Page 4: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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What will we learn?

What are programmable logic devices?

We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA?

How does an FPGA work?

Information about the FPGA board we will use

Using Vivado to program the FPGA board

What will we do in the labs?

Page 5: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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Logic Arrays

Programmable logic arrays (PLAs)

AND array followed by OR array

Perform combinational logic only

Fixed internal connections

Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)

Array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs)

Perform combinational and sequential logic

Programmable internal connections

Page 6: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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FPGAs: Field Programmable Gate Arrays

Composed of:

CLBs (Configurable Logic Blocks): perform logic

IOBs (Input/Output Buffers): interface with outside world

Programmable interconnection: connect CLBs and IOBs

Some FPGAs include other building blocks such as:multipliers and RAMs

Page 7: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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Typical FPGA Schematic

Page 8: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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CLBs: Configurable Logic Blocks

Composed of:

LUTs (LookUp Tables): perform combinational logic

Flip-flops (FF): perform sequential functions

Multiplexers: connect LUTs and flip-flops

Page 9: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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FPGA Design Flow

A CAD tool (such as Vivado) is used to design and implement a digital system.

The user enters the design using schematic entry or an HDL.

Correct functionality is verified using simulation

A synthesis tool maps your description onto the FPGA.

The result is a bitfile that contains configures the CLBs and the connections between them and the IOBs.

The bitfile is downloaded to the FPGA

Page 10: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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The FPGA board for the Lab Exercises

Each lab group will use an FPGA board for the exercises.

Switches

LEDs

Seven-segmentdisplays

microUSB(power/programming)

Power switch

Video out

FPGA chip

Buttons

USB

Page 11: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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What will we do with the FPGA Board ?

At the end of the exercises, we will have built a 32-bit microprocessor running on the FPGA board.

It will be a small processor, but it will be able to execute small programs.

Each week we will have a new exercise.

Not all exercises will require the board.

You are encouraged to experiment with the board on your own.

We may have some extra boards for those who are interested

It is not possible to destroy the board by programming!

Page 12: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

17

Lab 1

Draw a comparator circuit on paper

Compare two inputs and output 1 if they are all the same

No FPGA programming, but you can try out the board

Page 13: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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Lab 2

Design a Full Adder and a 4-bit Adder

Combinational circuit

Full Adder

Takes 2 bits and output their sum and carry

4-bit Adder

Instantiate 4 Full Adders to add 2 4-bit values

Use FPGA boards

Input: switches

Output: LEDs

Page 14: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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Lab 3

Show your results from Lab 2 on a seven segment display

Page 15: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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Lab 4

Implement a finite state machine using sequential circuit

Blinking LEDs for a car’s turn signals

Page 16: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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21

Lab 5

Towards implementing your very first processor

Implement your own Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

An ALU is an important part of the CPU

Arithmetic operations: add, subtract, multiply, compare, …

Logic operations: AND, OR, …

Page 17: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

22

Lab 6

Simulate your ALU design using a testbench

Validate that your ALU is functionally correct

Learn how to find and resolve problems in your circuit

Page 18: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

23

Lab 7

Assembly coding

MIPS

Implement an program which you will later use to run on your processor

Calculate sum or number ranges

Image manipulation

Page 19: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

24

Lab 8

Learn how a processor is built

Complete your first design of a MIPS processor

Run a “snake”program

Page 20: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

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Lab 9

Improve the performance of your MIPS processor by adding some new instructions

Multiplication

Bit shifting

Page 21: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

26

Vivado

Design circuits using Hardware Description Langauge (HDL)

Hardware Description Languages

Verilog (this is the one we use in this course!)

VHDL

FPGA Board

Systhesis

Implementation

Program

Simulation

Testbenches

Page 22: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

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Typical design process on the FPGA board

Create a Vivado Project

Implement your circuit using Verilog code

Use the constraint file to specify which I/O to use

Implement your circuit

Generate the bitstream

Program to the board (target)

Page 23: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

28

A Short Tutorial

The AND gate

The output is true (1) only ifboth inputs are true (1).

Page 24: Introduction to the FPGA and Labs - ETH Zürich · What are programmable logic devices? We will use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in the exercises, what is this FPGA? How

Carnegie Mellon

29

Summary

Quick introduction of the FPGA

Short Tutorial on FPGA programming

Getting started guide: https://reference.digilentinc.com/learn/programmable-logic/tutorials/basys-3-getting-started/start

Demo: https://reference.digilentinc.com/reference/programmable-logic/basys-3/start

Overview of the labs

Tomorrow:

Combinational circuits

https://reference.digilentinc.com/learn/programmable-logic/tutorials/basys-3-getting-started/start
https://reference.digilentinc.com/reference/programmable-logic/basys-3/start

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