investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments
Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy sources
Describe thermal energy – what is it? Understand the effect heat has on different forms
of matter Apply my understanding of heat and temperature
to explain events in nature and human-created devices
Analyze issues related to heat technologies and the environment’s ability to support us
![Page 3: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ask science-based questions Design an experiment when given a
question Conduct an investigation Analyze and interpret my qualitative
and quantitative data Work collaboratively with my peers
![Page 4: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Show interest in science Appreciate how different ideas from all
over the world mix together to bring about understanding
Take my time and consider various approaches to investigations, problems and issues
Begin to recognize my impact on the environment
Work safely in the science classroom and lab
![Page 5: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What heat-related technologies do we use to meet human needs?
What are the scientific principles that make these technologies work?
What impact do these technologies have on natural resources and the environment?
![Page 6: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Sustainability Heat energy Particle model of
matter Kinetic energy Volume Temperature Thermal energy Heat
Expand Contract Thermal expansion Conduction Conductor Convection Radiant energy Wave Infrared waves
![Page 7: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Heat is not a substance It is a form of energy
› This comes from the movement of the particles that make up all matter
› Official unit is the Joule (J)
![Page 8: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Learning Concept› Investigate and interpret examples of
Heat-related technologies Energy use
www.morganhilltimes.com
![Page 9: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Since ancient times humans have needed thermal energy (heat) for their survival
Understanding heat is important in every day life
www.patentbaristas.com
![Page 10: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Our way of life is influenced by climate
Heat, science and technology are all linked to how we create and use heat to meet our needs
www.searchenginepeople.com
![Page 11: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Needs are our basic required conditions that have to be met in order to survive
In Canada, heat is linked to shelter, clothing, food, water and physical activity
www.beaverpromotions.co.uk
![Page 12: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Learning Concept› Trace linkages between human requirements and the development of Heat-related materials Heat-related technology
http://gravesmagnadyne.com
![Page 13: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Science Log› Identify three ways that thermal energy
has been used throughout history:
![Page 14: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Furnaces and air conditioners are technologies which help keep our shelter comfortable and livable
The ability to store or cook food and water are related to heat as well
www.isaveearth.org
![Page 15: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Heat-related technology has changed over time› As people evolve, so does technology
![Page 16: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Science Log› Identify three ways that thermal energy
has been used to make our lives easier:
![Page 17: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Learning Concept› Identify examples of
Personal choices in energy resources and technology
Society choices in energy resources and technology
![Page 18: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Science Log› Take a mental tour of your home. As you
travel from room to room, think about household items that use or make heat. Make a list. Which are wants? Which are needs?
![Page 19: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Lab #1 – Dissect an Electrical Device
http://images.clipartof.com
![Page 20: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Learning Concept› Identify and explain uses of devices and
systems to Generate ... Transfer ... Control ... Remove ...
... thermal energy
![Page 21: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Activity #1 – Measuring Temperature› page 193, 194, 199, 200, 201
![Page 22: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Lab #2 – Make Your Own Thermometer
http://l.thumbs.canstockphoto.com
![Page 23: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Learning Concept› Describe the nature of thermal energy
![Page 24: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Thermal energy is heat energy› Form of energy that moves from high
temperatures to low temperatures› When your hands are cold outside in the
winter ... Heat is travelling from your hands out to the
cold air surrounding you The cold does not flow into your hands from the
cold air!
![Page 25: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Thermal energy can:› Change the state of matter› Affect the particles that make up matter› Transfer from a hotter object to a cooler
one
![Page 26: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Learning Concept› Describe the effect of heat on the motion
of particles› Explain changes of state
Particle Model of Matter
![Page 27: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Particle Model of Matter has been developed by scientists who study changes in the state of matter
![Page 28: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1. All matter is made up of particles• These particles are too tiny to see without
the aid of electron microscopes
![Page 29: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
2. The tiny particles of matter are always moving
› The movement of the particles varies depending on state (gas, solid, liquid)
› Movement involves a form of energy known as kinetic energy
![Page 30: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
3. The particles have spaces between them
› Different states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) have different amounts of space between them
› Most amount found in gas, least amount found in solids
![Page 31: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
4. Adding heat to matter makes the particles move around faster
› The faster something moves, the more kinetic energy it has
› Adding heat (a type of energy) increases the kinetic energy of the particles
![Page 32: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Solid state› Matter in a solid state has particles
attached to one another in all directions› Definite shape and volume
Volume refers to the amount of space the matter occupies
![Page 33: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Solid state› Attached means limited movement, and
can move around in fixed position Vibrate in place Less kinetic energy than gas or liquid
![Page 34: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Liquid State› Particles are loosely attached to one
another and can slip past each other› Liquids take the shape of their
container but still have a fixed volume
![Page 35: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Liquid State› Larger empty spaces which means there
is a greater range of movement More kinetic energy than a solid but less
than a gas
![Page 36: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Gas State› Particles are not connected to one
another› A gas can fill the empty spaces of a
container, as it has no set shape› Spaces between particles is larger than in
a solid or a liquid
![Page 37: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Gas State› Particles have the greatest freedom of
movement Gases have the most kinetic energy
compared to a liquid or a solid
![Page 38: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Heat changes the speed of moving particles of matter› Causes an increase in kinetic energy if
heat is transferred in› When heat is lost, the kinetic energy of
the particles decreases
![Page 39: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Learning Concept Distinguish between heat and
temperature› Explain using kinetic energy› Explain using Particle Model of Matter
![Page 40: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is
Heat is the energy that is transferred from one substance to another due to differences in kinetic energy
![Page 41: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Review: thermal energy is energy associated with hot objects› The total kinetic energy of all the particles
the substance contains
![Page 42: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
In the following space, illustrate particle movement in a cup of water:
- being held over a candle flame- being held in a freezer
![Page 43: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Learning Concept Investigate & describe the effects of
heating and cooling on the volume of different materials› Identify applications of these effects
![Page 44: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Inquiry Activity– Heating & Cooling a Copper Wire
![Page 45: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
When materials warm up, the particle model of matter says the particles move faster and further apart› It expands, and there is an increase in
volume as temperature increases› Occurs when heat is transferred to a solid
![Page 46: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
When materials cool down, the particle motion is slower› Materials contract, or have a decrease in
volume, as they cool› Happens when heat is transferred from
the warm object to the cooler one
![Page 47: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Find Out Activity pg 211 – Stretch & Shrink› Expansion & contraction of solids
![Page 48: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Find Out Activity pg 215 – Bulging Balloons› Expansion & contraction of gases
www.j2catering.co.uk
![Page 49: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Find Out Activity pg 216 – Race for the Top› Expansion & contraction of liquids› Demonstration
http://static.howstuffworks.com
![Page 50: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Understanding how materials expand and contract is critical information for a variety of professions› Engineers who design bridges need to
consider how the materials will contract in the cold, or expand in the heat
http://mrrockhillphyscialscience.files.wordpress.com
![Page 51: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Homemade Hot Air Balloons
http://airpurifierreviews.info
![Page 52: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Learning Concept› Explain how heat is transmitted by
Conduction Convection Radiation
![Page 53: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Conduction is the flow of energy between substances that are in contact› Most common in solids› The particles do not move, only the heat
does
www.cookware.org
![Page 54: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
If a material allows easy transfer of the energy, it is a conductor
An insulator is a material which does not allow the easy transfer of energy› Insulators and conductors are often
combined to create safe tools
www.trainelectronics.com
![Page 55: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Problem Solving Activity – The Butter Test
www.blogadilla.com
![Page 56: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Heat is also transferred through matter by convection› The flow of heat energy that involves
moving liquid or gas particles› Because the particles move, convection
only occurs in liquids and gases, not in solids
www.physics.arizona.edu
![Page 57: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Heat transfer by convection occurs when the particles in a liquid or gas move in circular patterns› Convection currents› http://www.absorblearning.com/media/attachment.action?
quick=an&att=758
http://sci.gallaudet.edu
![Page 58: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Demonstration – Convection in a Gas› Students – inn the drawing indicate the
path of the smoke after the splint or incense stick is lit and held above the smoke box
![Page 59: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Conduction and convection are two ways to transfer energy
Radiation is the transfer of energy by invisible waves (infrared waves) that can travel great distances› Radiant energy
www.household-helper.com
![Page 60: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
When radiant energy comes in contact with an object, the particles increase their kinetic energy
http://quantumfreak.com
![Page 61: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Inquiry Activity – Heating Different Colored Surfaces
![Page 62: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Learning Concept› Compare heat transmission in different
materials
![Page 63: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Ice Cube Challenge
![Page 64: Investigate and find explanations for how human need for heat has led to technology developments Discuss how human needs cause an increase in use of energy](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103015/55166217550346c6758b5ffe/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
CONCEPT 2 QUIZwww.recipeapart.com
• 12 multiple choice• 2 numerical response• 6 marks short answer