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IRPL-F10 VV,

\ .iV

IONOSPHERIC DATA

ISSUED

JUNE. 1945

PREPARED BY INTERSERVICE RADIO PROPAGATION LABORATORY National Bureau of Standards

Washington, D.C.

fThis document contains information affecting the national defense

of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Act,50 U.S.C.,

31 and 32. Its transmission or the revelation of its contents in any man¬

ner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.”

o

IRPL-Fio Issued 20 June 1945

INTERSERVICE RADIO PROPAGATION LABORATORY NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

WASHINGTON, D.C.

Organized under Joint U.S. Communications Board

IONOSPHERIC DATA

CONTENTS

TSRi.IIKOL/OGY AKD SCALING PRACTICES . ... ..Pag© 4 MONTHLY AVERAGE ALL LILIAN VALUES OF IONOSPHERIC DATA.Page S

Provisional data (received by telephone or telegraph)

May, 1945 Baffin I., Canada (Median values) . . * Table 1 Fairbanks, Alaska (Median values) . . . . . . ... Table 2 Reykjavik, Iceland (Median values) ..Table 3 Churchill, Canaca (Median values) ............. Table 4 St. John* s, Newfoundland (Median values) ......... Table 5 Ottawa, Canada (Median values) •••*....1 . Table 6 Boston, Massachusetts (Median values) .. Table 7 San Francisco, Calif. (Median values) .Table 8 Baton Rouge, Louisiana (Median values) ..Table 9 Maui, Hawaii (Median values) .. Table 10 Christmas I. (Median values) ..Table 11

April, 1945 Burghead, ocotlund (Average values) .... . Table 12 Great Baddow, England (Average values) ..Table 13 Cape York, Q., Australia (Average values).. Table 14 Lather00, L. Australia (Average values) • . • Table 15 Simonstown, Union of S. Africa (Average values) ..Table 16 Mt. Stromlo, N.S.’A., Australia (Average values) ...... Table 17

I.fcrch, 1945 Lelhi, India (Average values)..... Table 18

Final data

May, 1945 Washington, D.C. (Median values) Table 19

Figs. 1 and 2

April, 1945 Fairbanks, Alaska (Median values) ....Table 20

Figs. 3 and 4 Reykjavik, Iceland (Median values) ® . Table 21

Figs. 5 and 6 Churchill, Canada (?'edinn values) ............ Table 22

Figs. 7 and 3

2

Final data (continued)

April1945 (continued) Ottawa, Canada (Median values) • • » . .

Boston, Massachusetts (Median values) «

Sen Francisco, Calif# (Median values) .

Baton Hours, Louisiana (Median values) •

Maui, Hawaii (Median values) ......

San Juan, Puerto Rico (Median values) •

Christmas I. (Median values) ......

Huancayo, Peru (Median values).

Rarotonga I. (Average values) «

Pitcairn I* (Average values)

Brisbane, q., Australia (Median values)

Kermadec Is. (Average values) « • , .

Christchurch, N.2. (Median values) • «

Campbell I. (Average values) ....

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Table 23 9 and 10 Table 24

11 and 12 Table 25

13 and 14 Table 26

15 and 16 Table 27

17 and 18 Table 28

19 and 20 Table 29

21 and 22 Table 30

23 and 24 Table 31

25 and Table Fig.

Table 33 28 and 29 Table 34

30 and 31 Table 35

32 and 33 Table 36

34 and 35

26

27

March, 1945 Reykjavik). Iceland (Median values) ...... ........ Table 37

Figs. 36 and 37 Burghead, Scotland (Median values) • Table 38

Fig. 38 Slough, England (Median values) ....Table 39

Fig. 39 Christmas I. (Median values) Table 40

Figs. 40 and 41 Cape York, Q., Australia (Average values) ... . • Table 41

Figs. 42 and 43 Rarotonga I. (Average values) •••••..„. . • Table 42

Fig. 44 Pitcairn I. (Average values) ...... . ••••• Fig. 45

No revision of values presented Table 12, IRPL-F7. Brisbane, q., Australia (Median values) .. • • • . Table 43

Figs. 46 and 47

Kermadec Is. (Average values) ••••••... . • Fig. 48 No revision of values presented Table 14, IRPI^-F7.

Christchurch, N.Z#, (Median values) Table 44 Figs. 49 and 50

Campbell I. (Average values) Table 45 Fig. 51

3

Final data (continued)

February, 1945 Baffin I. (Median values). Table 46

Figs, 52 and 53 Cape York, Q., Australia (Average values) ..Table 47

Figs, 54 and 55

January, 1945 Baffin I, (Median values).Table 48

Figs. 56 and 57 Sverdlovsk, U.S.S.R. (Median f°F2, Average others) • , . . • Table 49

Fig. 58

IONOSPHERIC DATA FOR EVERY DAY AND HOUR.Page 6

Washington, D.C. h«F2. Table 50 f°F2...Tables 51 and 52 h‘Fl .. Table 53 f°Fl .. Table 54 h * E ..... Tab le 55 f°E . Table 56 Es .. Table 57 F2-M1500 Table 58 F2-M300Q Table 59 F2-M3500 Table 60 F1-M3000 Table 61 E-M1500 Table 62

IONOSPHERE DISTURBANCES. Page 6

Ionospheric stoiminess. Table 63 Ionospheric character and principal storms observed

at Washington, D.C., May, 1945. Sudden Ionosphere Disturbances

(None observed at Washington, D.C., during May, 1945). Comparison of Provisional Radio Propagation Quality Figures with

IRIL Warnings, ISIB Warnings, and IRPL A-Zone Foreoasts. North pacific Quality Figures, January and February,T&45 . Table 64 North Atlantic and North Pacific Quality Figures,

March, 1945 Table 65 North Atlantic and North Pacific Quality Figures,

April, 1945 . Table 66

NEW STATION .Page 7

ERRATA .. Page 7

4

TERMINOLOGY AND SCALING PRACTICES

The symbols anc terminology used in this report are those adopted by the International Radio Propagation Conference, and given in detail on pages 24 to 26 of the report IRPL-C61, "Report, of International Radio Propagation Conference", and in the Section cn "Terminology"', in reports Lils'i~r°Fu, 2 p C, 4 , <j »

In the past, ionospheric conditions were summarized or. a monthly basis by using average or mean values, for each hour of the day, for each month. The advantages of vising median, instead of average values, were such, however, that beginning with data for 1 Jan. 1S45, median values were used by the IK PL wherever possible. Consequently, all summarise ed data given in the IRFL-F series reports use median values, when such values are reported to the IRPL, or when detailed data are reported to IRFL to permit their calculation. Thus, median values are given for Washington, for all stations reporting directly to the IKPL, for the Canadian stations, and for all others sending in detailed tabulations to the IRPL.

where average values are reported, they are the average for ail days of the month; values missing for any reason are completely omitted from the average.

The monthly median values used here are the values equalled .or exceeded on half the days of the month at the given hour. The following conventions are used in determining the medians for hours when no measured values are given, because of equipment limitations am ionospheric irregu-

Symbols vised are those given in.the report referred to above,

all ionospheric characteristics} Values missing because of A, B, C or ¥ (see terminology

referred to above) are omitted from the median count.

critical frequencies and virtual heights j Values missing because of E are counted as equal to or less

than the lower limit of the recorder. Values missing because of L: are counted as equal to or greater

than the upper limit of the recorder. Values missing because of G are counted;

1. For f°F2, as equal to or less than f°Fl* 2. For h'F2, as equal to or greater than the median.

Values missing for any other reason are omitted from the median count.

muf factors (l.P-factors) j Values missing for any reason are emitted from the median count,

sporadic E (Es); Values of fEs missing because no Eg reflections appeared, the

equipment functioning normally otherwise, are counted as equal to or less than the lower limit of the recorder.

Values of fids missing for any other reason, am values of hEs

missing for any reason at all, are omitted from the median count.

larities. IRPL-661.

a jr For

b • For

c • For

d. For

5

. MONTHLY AVERAGE AND MEDIAN VALUES OF IONOSPHERIC DATA

The ionospheric data given her© in graphical and tabular form were assembled by the Interservice Radio Propagation Laboratory for analysis and correlation, incidental to IRPL predictions of radio propagation conditions* The following are the sources of the ionospheric data which appear in the IRPL-F series reports.

Australian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Radio Research Board, Australia Brisbane, Q., Australia lit• Stromlo, Canberra, NSW, Australia Cape York, Q>, Australia.

British National Physical laboratory, and Inter-Services Ionosphere Bureau Radio Research Station, Slough, England Great Baddcw, England Burghead, Scotland Delhi, India Madras, India Simonstown, Union of S* Africa

Canadian Department of National Defence, Naval Service Churchill, Canada Ot tawa, C anad a St* John's, Canada

New Zealand Radio Research Committee Kerrnadec Is* Christchurch (Canterbury University College Observatory) Campbell I. Pitcairn I* Rarotonga I.

Interdepartment Ionosphere bureau, U*S*S.R. Scientific Experimental Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Moscow, U.S.S.R.

Tykhi Bay, U.S.S*R« Ternsk, u *S*S *R* Sverdlovsk, U.S.S.R. Moscow, U.S.S.R.

Carnegie Institution of Washington (Department of Terrestrial Magnetism) Baffin I., Canada Christmas I. Fairbanks, Alaska (University of Alaska, College, Alaska) Reykjavik, Iceland Maui, Hawaii Trinidad, Brit. Viest Indies Huancayo, Peru Vu'atheroo, W. Australia

6

National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C . Stanford University, (san Francisco), California Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, P.fi. Harvard University, Boston, Mass.

"Die tables of "provisional data" give values as reported to the IRFL by telephone or telegraph. Any errors in these values will be corrected in later issues of the F-series reports.

The tables and graphs of "final data" are correct for the values re¬ ported to the IRPL, but, because of variations in practice in the inter¬ pretation of records and scaling and manner of reporting of values, may at times give an erroneous conception of typical ionospheric characteris¬ tics at the station. Some of these errors are due to*

a. Differences in scaling records where spread echoes are present.

b@ Oids3ion of valuer where f°F2 is less than or equal to f°Fl, leading to erroneously high values of monthly average or median values®

c. Onission of values where critical frequencies are less than the lower frequency limit of the recorder, also leading to erroneously high values of monthly average or median values.

Hies® effects were discussed on pages 6 and 7 of the previous F-series reports, IRFL-Fl, 2, 3, 4, end 5. Discrepancies between predicted and observed values are often ascribable to these effects.

IONOSPHERIC DATA FOR EVERY DAY AND HOUR

These data, observed at Washington, D.C., follow the scaling practices given in the report IRPL-C61, "Report of International Radio Propagation Conference,” pages 36 to 39, and the median values are determined by the conventions given under "Terminology and Scaling Practices"above.

IONOSPHERE DISTURBANCES

Table 63 presents ionospheric character figures for Washington, D.C., during May, 1945, as determined by the criteria presented in the report IRPL-R5, "Criteria for Ionospheric Storminess", together with American magnetic K-figures which are usually covariant with than*

7

Table 64 gives provisional radio propagation quality figures for north Pacific areas, for 01 to 12 and 13 to 24 C-CT, January and February 194b, compared with IRPL daily radio disturbance warnings, the Iol.b daily warnings, the IRPL semiweekly radio propagation forecasts, and the half-day American geomagnetic E figures.

Tables 65 and 66 give similar quality figures and comparisons for the Forth Atlantic and Forth Pacific areas, Parch and April 1945.

The radio propagation quality figures were prepared from radio traffic data, reported to IRPL, in the manner described in detail in report IRPL-R13, "Ionospheric and Radio Propagation disturbances, October 1943 through February 1945," issued 24 May 1945.

NEW STATION

The one new station for which data appear in this report for the first time is St. John's, Fewfoundland (47.5°K, 52.7°,;), operated by the Canadian department of Rational defence. See Table 5.

ERRATA

The values erroneously reported as h*F2 for August 1944 in report IRPL-F5 (Tables 43 and 40) in the previous issue IRPL-F9 (Table 33 and Fig. (the height of maximum, ionization density for an parabolic layer).

Slough for July and and for October 1944 27) wore actually hmf2 a s su med e qu i va 1 ent

The longitude of Y/ashington (Sterling, Va.) was erroneously reported as 77,4°W in Table 13 of the previous issue. The correct longitude is 77.5°?/.

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Table 63

Ionospheric Storminess, May, 1945

bay Ionospheric 00-12 GOT

Character* 12-24 GCT

Principal Storms Beginning End

GCT GCT

Magnetic 00-12 GCT

Character** 12-24 GCT

May 1 1 0 2 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 0 3 2 2 4 1 1 2 1 5 1 2 2 1 6 3 3 1 2 7 3 2 0 1 8 2 2

2130 /

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31 1 2 2 2

Washington, D.C.» during 12-hour period, on an arbitrary scale of 0 to 9, 9 representing the greatest disturbance®

**Average for 12 hours of American magnetic K-figure, determined by a number of observatories, on an arbitrary scale of 0 to 9, 9 rep¬

resenting the greatest disturbance® / Dashes indicate continuance of disturbance.

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MAY, 1945

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Fig 6. REYKJAVIK, ICELAND APRIL, 1945

00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 00

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Fig 5 REYKJAVIK, ICELAND

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Fig.10. OTTAWA,CANADA APRIL, 1945

I

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Fig. 16 BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA APRIL,1945

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Fig.20 SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO APRIL ,1945

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Fig 30 KERMADEC IS

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Fig 38 BURGHEAD,

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Fig43.CAPE YORK, Q.,AUSTRALIA MARCH,1945

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Fig 47 BRISBANE, Q, AUSTRALIA MARCH, 1945

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6 18 20 22 00

MARCH, 1945

MARCH,1945 Fig 51 CAMPBELL i.

52.5°S, 169.0-E

Fig 52 BAFFIN I, CANADA

70 5°N, 68 6°W FEBRUARY,1945


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Fig 53 BAFFIN I, CANADA FEBRUARY,1945

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Fig 55 CAPE YORK,0.,AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY, 1945

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Fig56BAFFIN I , CANADA

70 5°N, 68 6°W JANUARY, 1945



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Fig 57 BAFFIN I, CANADA JANUARY,1945

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Fig. 58 SVERDLOVSK, U.S.SR

56.7° N, 61.1°E JANUARY,1945

IRPL REPORTS

Daily: Telephoned and telegraphed reports of ionospheric, solar, geomagnetic, end radio

propagation data from various places. Radio disturbance warnings.

Semiweekly: IRPL-J. Radio Propagation Forecast.

Semimonthly: IRPL-Ja. Semimonthly Frequency Revision Factors for IRPL Basic Radio Propagation

Prediction Reports. (Issued with IRPn-J series from 4 to 7 ciays in advance).

Monthly: IRPL-D. Basic Radio Propagation Predictions - Three months in advance. (,7ar Dept.

TB 11-499- , monthly supplements to TBI ll-499j Navy Dept. DNC-13-1 ( ), monthly supplements to D1:C-13-1).

JCIPL-F. Ionospheric Data.

Bimonthly: IRPL-G. Correlation of D.F. Errors with Ionospheric Conditions.

Quarterly: ♦IRPL-A.

IRPL-3. ♦ IRPL-tf.

♦♦IRPL-M.

Recommended Frequency Banas for Ships ana Aircraft in the Atlantic and Pacific. Recommended Frequency Bands for Submarines in the Pacific. Frequency Guide for Operating Personnel. Frequency Guide for Merchant Ships.

Special Reports, etc.: IRPL Radi(TTropagation Handbook, Part 1. (VJar Dept. TB! ii-499; Havy Dept. DNC-13-1). IRPL-Cl through CS1. Reports and papers of the International Raaio Propagation

Conference, 17 April to £ May 1944. IRPL-R. Unscheduled reports:

Rl. Maximum Usable Frequency Graph paper. R2 and R3. Obsolete. R4. Methods Used by IRPL for the prediction of Ionosphere Characteristics an?

Maximum Usable Frequencies. R5. Criteria for Ionospheric Storminess. R6. Experimental studies of ionospheric propagation as applied to a

navigation system. R7. Further studies of ionospheric propagation as applied to a

navigation system. R8. The Prediction of Usaule Frequencies Over a path of Short or Medium Length,

Including the Effect of Es. R9. An Automatic Instantaneous Indicator of Skip Distance and MJF. RIO. A method for study of the ionosphere. Rll. A Honographic Method for Doth Prediction and Observation Correlation of

Ionosphere Characteristics. RIB. Ionospheric variations. R13. Ionospheric and Radio Propagation disturbances, October 1943 through

February 1945. IRPL-T. Reports on Tropospheric Propagation.

Tl. Radar Operation and heather. (Superseded by JAN'P 101). T2. Radar coverage and weatner. (Superseded by JAKP 102).

♦ Items bearing this symbol are distributed onlv by U .S.Navy in 11011 REGISTERED PUBLICA¬ TIONS MEMORANDA (NRPM).

♦♦Distributed only by U.S.Navy.

ionospheric data - nist...figs. figc* figs* table 23 9 and 10 table 24 11 and 12 table 25 and 14...

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