iot based data logger for monitoring and controlling equipment

ISSN(Online): 2320-9801 ISSN (Print): 2320-9798

International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering

(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016

Copyright to IJIRCCE DOI: 10.15680/IJIRCCE.2016. 0404125 5103

IOT Based Data Logger for Monitoring and Controlling Equipment Working Status and

Environmental Conditions. Keyur K. Patel1, Sunil Patel2

M.E. Scholar, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering-MSU, Vadodara, Gujarat, India1

Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering-MSU, Vadodara, Gujarat,

India2

ABSTRACT: IOT based data logger is an excellent way to monitor and control the environmental condition as well as equipment working status in industry, home etc., from anywhere in the world. IOTDL (IOT based data logger) collects the information by all kind of sensors. Now the information collected is transmitted to database server using GSM module with GPRS capability. It then create log file of information collected from sensor on data base server. Which is helpful in keep database of past information, equipment failure graph analysis and maintenance record etc. So as to suit, integrating these intelligent devices to the web server & controlling them over the internet needs effective user interface in the form of web page. KEY TERMS: IOT (Internet of Things), GSM, GPRS, AT COMMANDS.

I. INTRODUCTION Internet of things (IOT) is a network of physical objects. The internet is not only a network of computers, but it has

evolved into a network of device of all type and sizes , vehicles, smart phones, home appliances, toys, cameras, medical instruments and industrial systems, animals, people, buildings, all connected ,all communicating & sharing information based on stipulated protocols in order to achieve smart reorganizations, positioning, tracing, safe & control even personal real time online monitoring , online upgrade, process control & administration[1,2].

Internet of things is an internet of three things. (1). People to people, (2) People to machine (things), (3) Things (machine) to things (machine), interacting through internet.

Figure1. Internet of things [18]






The environmental condition& equipment working status as well as human safety has a great influence on resources, daily production and environment in industry. Because of improper environment condition and improper working status of equipment in industry majority of accidents were caused [3].Similarly the environmental condition monitoring is also important in home for energy consumption monitoring, switching on & off remotely appliances to avoid accidents, detection of window and door openings. Usually human inside their home interact with the environment setting like temperature, light, etc. & regulate accordingly. If the environment setting can be made to respond human behaviour automatically & then there are several advantages [4, 5]. To control the condition inside medical freezers for storing vaccines & medicines, and to control micro climate conditions in green house to maximize the production of fruits &vegetables. It is important to monitor the environmental condition continuously [1].

Internet of things based data logger (IOTDL) can serve a solution for the problems addressed above. Utilizing the facility of IOT can achieve online real time monitoring of equipment working status & environmental condition as well as controlling. It can make sure that the equipment work in its security zone and under environment protection state as well as in energy saving mode. It can not only monitor but one can also analyse the causes of the fault & identify faulty components from the log file created by it on data base server. The log file is also important for keeping data base of past information, equipment failure graph analysis & maintenance record. Using the log file one can also predict when the environment condition and equipment working status reaches at an unacceptable level, and the working of that equipment should be shut down or bypass for maintenance. Thus the IOTDL ensures the reliable operation of equipment, personal security and suitable environmental condition. It can also extend equipment life & equipment maintenance cycle as well as reduces equipment failure rate.

II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

This paper illustrate an effective solution for environmental condition & equipment status monitoring as well as controlling over the internet in home, industry, green house hospital etc. Figure 2 shows the system hardware basic building blocks of IOTDL. It consists of (1) sensing unit, (2) controlling unit, (3) GSM module with GPRS capability, (4) web interface, (5) RTC, (6) relays.

Figure2. System hardware basic building blocks

A. Sensing unit

The sensing unit used for collecting different parameters of equipment working status (example: temperature, liquid level, speed, pressure, vibration, flow, voltage, current, power & so on.) & environment condition parameters






(example: noise, temperature, humidity, alcohol, gases concentration, smoke, electromagnetic radiation & so on.). Sensors used for collecting all these parameters are alcohol sensor, smoke sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, speed sensor & so on. Here we have used only four different types of sensing unit as shown in figure 2. We have temperature sensor LM35 [11] operating in the range of−55°C to 150°C.The output voltage out of this sensor varies 1°C for every 10mV with 500mV offset voltage with supply voltage range of 4 V to 30 V. It provides typical accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature and ±¾°C over a full −55°C to 150°C temperature range. The humidity sensor used was DHT11 [12]. It has resistive type humidity measurement range of 20-90%RH, 0-50 ℃ with accuracy (±5％RH, ±2℃). The MQ3 [13] sensor use as a gas sensor. It has high sensitivity to alcohol and good resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke & vapour, and LDR is used as light sensor to detect the light intensity. B. Controlling unit

The controlling unit is a PIC microcontroller(P18F46K22) [16] having five input/output ports with 10 bit ADC module & operating frequency of 64MHZ. The data terminals of analog, digital sensors are interfaced with the ADC module and digital I/O of PIC microcontroller respectively as shown in figure 3. Thus the information collected by the sensors is transmitted to controlling unit. P18F46K22 has transmitting & receiving capability on it serial port.

Figure3. Connection between sensors & (PIC18F46K22)






C. GSM module with GPRS capability (SIM900)

GSM module SIM900 [17] is just like a mobile phone with all facilities of sending & receiving message.PIC can communicate through the module. For this we just need four connections between them as shown in table 1.

Table 1: Connection between PIC & GSM

GPRS applies a packet radio principle to transfer user data packets in an effective way between GSM mobile station & external packet data networks. GPRS supports packet based internet communication protocol; internet protocol (IP) & X.25.GPRS combines’ mobile access with internet protocol (IP) based services. SGSN (Serving GPRS support node) act as serving node between GSM base station to GPRS network and GGSN (Gateway GPRS support node) act as gateway node between GPRS network & internet. Thus GSM module with GPRS capability is a wireless extension to the internet.

Thus the data received by controlling unit from sensing unit are transmitted via GSM module to external packet data network through GPRS.

GSM module has a communication that can be programmed by AT commands. AT is an ATTENSION command and is used as a prefix to other parameters in sting. Thus PIC create a text file on database server by sending sequence of AT commands such as GSM initialization AT commands, FTP( file transfer protocol) AT commands, GPRS initialization AT commands to GSM module through serial communication & send sensors data to that particular file.

D. Web server & web interface

A window based server collects data & store in a database. These data can be accessed from the database from a website hosted on the server. The data of different sensors with their time & data of arrival is stored in database. User can interact with controlling unit through web page as shown in figure 8(a), 8(b). E. RTC

The DS1307 [14] serial real time clock is interface to PIC (P18F46K22) for timekeeping operation. The PIC microcontroller sends sensors data to GSM module along with their time &date of arrival using timekeeping operation of DS1307. The DS1307 is a low power, full binary coded decimal clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM. The clock calendar provides seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month & year information. The DS1307 has a built in power sense circuit that detects power failure & automatically switches to the backup supply. Address & data are transferred serially through an I2C serial interface protocol between PIC & DS1307 as shown in figure 4. F. Relay

In order to control the operation of devices relays are used. The relays are interfaced with PIC (P18F46K22) through ULN2003A [15] relay driver IC. The ULN2003A is high voltage, high current Darlington transistor arrays. It has input capabilities with various types of logic (3.3V OR 5V), coil supply voltage range of (12V to 48V) & output current range (Rcoil) from 20mA to 300mA. The ULN2003A drives high voltage or high current (or both) peripheral from an

Serial no. PIC18F46K22 GSM SIM 900

1 TX RX 2 RX TX 3 POWER_5V VCC 4 GND GND






MCU or logic device that cannot tolerate these conditions. The connection between PIC &relays through ULN2003A is shown in figure 5. PIC microcontroller continuously read a file from database server through GSM module with GPRS capability using FTP To check that the user interacting with web page wants to control which device over the internet. Then process to give the appropriate output through the pin of its port to the relay connected to switch on/off the particular appliances (devices).

Figure4. Connection between (PIC18F46K22) & RTC

Figure5. Connection between (PIC18F46K22) & ULN2003A






III. IMPLEMENTATION & RESULT The system developed is shown figure and tested by installing sensing units &setting up a GSM based GPRS network over the internet. The requirement for data transfer to the internet from controlling unit via GSM modem is: (1) create text file on web server using AT commands, (2) GSM, GPRS initialization & FTP implementation using AT commands. By using software serial connection established between PIC & GSM, above feature are implemented by executing different AT commands. Figure 6 shows testing of AT commands serially on hyper terminal.

Figure 6: Testing of AT commands serially on hyper terminal.

Following steps with figures 7(a), 7(b), 7(c), 7(d) shows how to visualize data sending by sensors over the internet. STEP-1: Your Laptop/PC should be connected with Internet. STEP-2: Open www.yourwebsitename.com/cpanel on any web browser. STEP-3: You will get some warning. Click on Advanced and proceed to www.linux12.web.This link may vary as per the browser. We have tested with Google chrome on Windows 10. You need to open link marked below the advanced settings. STEP-4: It will ask for credentials. Use Login: xxxxxx Password: xxxxxx On successful login, a new window will open. STEP-5: You can see File manager Option. Double Click on that folder as shown in figure 7(a).

Figure7 (a): File manager pop-up window.

STEP-6: Pop Up Menu will appear. Choose the options home directory, show hidden files & click on GO. STEP-7: Scroll Down for a file named as yourfilename.txt. I have just created Keyur.txt file by running the list of AT commands as shown in figure 7(b).

http://www.yourwebsitename.com/cpanel

http://www.linux12.web.This






Figure7 (b): File manager setting pop-up window.

STEP-8: To open the file fist click on the file highlighted by black box in above figure 7(b) and then click on Edit option. A pop-up will appear as shown in figure 7 (c). Apply the settings as shown in figure 7(c). Click on EDIT.

Figure7 (c): Text editor pop-up window.

STEP-9: After clicking on edit button a new web page is open as shown in figure 7(d) where you can see the data sent from GPRS. Here figure 7(d) shows temperature, humidity, LDR sensor value with time & date of arrival.

Figure7 (d): Showing data coming from sensor unit via GSM (GPRS) module.






Following figure 8(a), figure8 (b) shows web page through which user can control the device over the internet. After entering username & password as shown in figure 8(a) a new web page is open as shown in figure 8(b). By clicking different buttons as shown in figure 8(b) user can control device over the internet.

Figure8 (a): webpage- user interacting with the system. Figure8 (b): web page- user can control the device over the internet.

IV. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION Following figure 9(a), Figure9 (b) shows actual hardware implementation & figure 9(c) shows result.

Figure 9(a): Different units of system hardware-1.

Figure 9(b): Different units of system hardware-2. Figure 9(c) Here figure 9(a) & 9(b) shows different units of system hardware such as sensor unit containing temperature, humidity, LDR sensors, controlling unit P18F46K22, RTC (DS1307), relays & its driver IC ULN2003A, GSM module (SIM900), device such as motor & bulb, figure 9(c) shows experiment result.






V. ADVANTAGE & APPLICATION OF THE SYSTEM

In this paper we proposed an efficient low cost & flexible solution for integrating internet of things with monitoring as well as controlling system in home, industry, greenhouse, hospital etc. The same system can also be design by using different technology such as, ZigBee, Raspberry pi, Arduino. But there are several disadvantages with such systems. And that are that the ZigBee, Raspberry pi, Arduino based on wireless technology using routers. ZigBee is range depended communication system. Raspberry pi, Arduino based system can access over the internet but on local network. To made it globally accessible required port forwarding technique. In computer networking, port is an application-specific or process-specific software construct serving as a communications endpoint in a computer’s host operating system (Raspbian in our case). The purpose of ports is to uniquely identify different applications or processes running on a single computer and thereby enable them to share a single physical connection to the Internet. Webiopi uses PORT 8000.The website can be accessed on a local network by simply typing http://localhost:8000/ in the web browser; local host is replaced by the local IP address assigned to the Raspberry Pi. However the same will not work for World Wide Web. One can either register a domain name and point it to the IP address of Raspberry Pi or use the External IP address given to the network. The router used has a feature called Port Forwarding. The second disadvantage of such system is high cost and high power consumption. Thus in this paper we proposed a low cost, low power requirement, global accessible system based on GSM (GPRS) technology. Another point to focus is that the availability of free Wi-Fi network in India is very less. Hence use of router based system (Raspberry pi, Arduino) for globally monitoring & controlling equipment working status as well as environmental condition is not so effective. As we know that the GSM network is globally available we use such technology for deigning the system. With some additional consideration and extension the proposed system can be use in some future application such as Smart Cities-Smart Parking: Monitoring of parking spaces availability in the city, Smart Lightning: Intelligent and weather adaptive lighting in street lights, Waste Management: Detection of rubbish levels in containers to optimize the trash collection routes, Intelligent Transportation Systems: Smart Roads and Intelligent Highways with warning messages and diversions according to climate conditions and unexpected events like accidents or traffic jams. Environment- Forest Fire Detection: Monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones, Air Pollution: Control of CO2 emissions of factories, pollution emitted by cars and toxic gases generated in farms, Landslide and Avalanche Prevention: Monitoring of soil moisture, vibrations and earth density to detect dangerous patterns in land conditions. Industrial Control- M2M Applications: Machine auto-diagnosis and assets control, Indoor Air Quality: Monitoring of toxic gas and oxygen levels inside chemical plants to ensure workers and goods safety, Temperature Monitoring: Control of temperature inside industrial and medical fridges with sensitive merchandise, Ozone Presence: Monitoring of ozone levels during the drying meat process in food factories. Agriculture - Wine Quality Enhancing: Monitoring soil moisture and trunk diameter in vineyards to control the amount of sugar in grapes and grapevine health, Greenhouses: Control micro-climate conditions to maximize the production of fruits and vegetables and its quality, Compost: Control of humidity and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw, etc. to prevent fungus and other microbial contaminants. Home Automation- Energy and Water Use: Energy and water supply consumption monitoring to obtain advice on how to save cost and resources, Remote Control Appliances: Switching on and off remotely appliances to avoid accidents and save energy, Intrusion Detection Systems: Detection of window and door openings and violations to prevent intruders. Health- Fall Detection: Assistance for elderly or disabled people living independent, Medical Fridges: Control of conditions inside freezers storing vaccines, medicines and organic elements, Sportsmen Care: Vital signs monitoring in high performance centres and fields. Security & Emergencies- Perimeter Access Control: Access control to restricted areas and detection of people in non-authorized areas, Radiation Levels: Distributed measurement of radiation levels in nuclear power stations surroundings to generate leakage alerts, Explosive and Hazardous Gases: Detection of gas levels and leakages in industrial environments, surroundings of chemical factories and inside mines. And so on.

VI. CONCLUSION With the advancement in technology, it is expected that the availability of internet is everywhere & online at all time. Internet of things based data logger (IOTDL) enabling devices to be connected easily with the internet &corresponding information can be accessible globally. In this paper we proposed an effective method for globally monitoring as well

http://localhost:8000/






as controlling environmental condition & equipment working status, including establishment of database for knowledge base & various analyses.

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iot based data logger for monitoring and controlling equipment

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