Islam 570C.E- Present Day

Prophet Born in Mecca,

Orphaned Worked as a boy in

the caravan trade, business manger for wealth widow eventually became his wife.

Man of solitude who enjoyed hiking.

Teach of a monotheistic god to anyone who will listen

ProphetHead of Islamic

city-stateInvaded Mecca,

Extended Muslim rule over All Arabia

Died, civil war began among tribal leaders

Islamic empire extended to North Africa, Middle East, Span, Portugal, and borders of Indian Sub-Continent

Five Pillars of FaithTestimony of faith (Kalima)

Prayer (Salat) Almsgiving (Zakat)

Fasting (Sawm)Pilgrimage (Hajj)

http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/culture/religion/Islam/beliefs.html

Prayer (Salat)

Fajr-Morning PrayerZuhr-Noon PrayerAsr-Afternoon PrayerMaghrib-Sunset PrayerIsha-Night Prayer

Prayer’s recited while orienting one’s body with Qibia, shorter of 2 great circle routes leading to Kaaba at Mecca.

Beliefs

God-only AllahProphet-Muhammad

Founder of IslamHuman nature- created

man from a clot of blood and jinn from fire

Life and Salvation- pleasing Allah

Afterlife-Day of Judgment Islam Consider there

religion to be the one true religion

Major Turning Points

1) Civil War- Religious Conflict and the Sunni-Shi’a Division

2) The Third Civil War and the Abbasid Caliphs

3) The Weaking of the Cailphate

Civil War- Religious Conflict and the Sunni- Shi’a Division

Civil war broke out again on Mu’awiya’s death in 680. His son Yazid the first claimed the caliphated but Husayn, Ali’s son took the field against him. Husayn was killed in battle at Karbala, Iraq in

680. Shi’as stressed the importance of religious purity and they wanted the caliph to represent

Islam’s religious principles rather than it’s imperial aspirations from 680 onward Shi’as went into battle for the appointment of their imams to

fill the position of caliph.

The third Civil War and the Abbasid Caliphs

The Abbasid clan in northern Iran descended from an uncle of Muhammad named Abbas and also

claiming support from descendants from the line of Ali, revolted against the Umayyads. The Abbasid

caliphs continued the tasks of the Umayyads in trying to bring order and unity to an empire of

heterogeneous people. For a century the Abbasids succeeded in solving the problems of

administering large empires. They regularized taxes, employed spies as well as troops of soldiers,

and armed police, and they also attempted to maintain good relations with local notables.

The Weaking of the Cailphate

Inevitably however the Abbasid caliphate encountered difficulties. At the death of Harun-al-Rashid (780-809) his two sons fought for the throne provoking a 4th civil war, getting troops proved an even bigger problem. Local strongmen and their troops were invited to the caliph’s armies, but these military contingents naturally owed their allegiance to Baghdad but to the local potentate.

The caliphs used slave troops in their armies. At the same time the civilian bureaucracy became more corrupt and more distant from the general population and tax collection was increasingly turned over to the semi-independent tax farmers. The rulers became increasingly remote from the people they ruled, making the caliphate fail in the eyes of the on-lookers

PRESENT DAY ISLAM THE FIVE PILLARS

‘’The Declaration of faith’’-’’The Shahada’’To become Muslim you have to make the declaration that the purpose of your life is to serve God (Allah).

‘’Prayer’’ (salat)Muslims must perform prayers five times a day.

‘’Almsgiving’’ (zakat)A principle of Islam is that every thing belongs to

God and he requires Muslims to give a percentage of there capitol to the less fortunate.

''Fasting during Ramadan''During Ramadan Muslims Don’t eat for a

sertant time period.

''pIlgrimage'' (the hajj)Once in a life time during The Ten days of

HRites Muslims wear simple garments to show everyone is equal in class and culture.

The original founder of the Islam religion would recognize two main beliefs that stayed the same.

1.Monothelsm,that is ones of God2.The prophet hood of Muhammad, which means Muhammad is the last prophet and Muslims will

prophet there self to Muhammad.

http://www.carm.org/religiousmovements/islam/five-pillars-islam

PresentationBy:

Dustin RhoadesTonya IlgenfritzLoren Lutzinger