Advent of Islam in Inida

MUHAMMAD:570-632 ADBorn in Mecca

ISLAM

Meaning = Submission/SurrenderTo Allah (the God)

After receiving revelation in a cave at Hira at the age 41, Muhammad declared himself as Messenger of God.

The Revelations received by Muhammad were subsequently compiled in a holy book called the Quran.

The polity that Muhammad created was based on the two concepts of

ummah : the Muslim community or believers jihad : holy war

*5 PILLARS OF ISLAMSHAHADA Witness ( acknowledgement of Muhammad as final Messenger of Allah)

SALAAT - Prayer 5 times daily

ZAKAT charity for the benefit of the Muslim community. ( tax)

SIYAM: fasting during the month of ramzan

HAJJ Pilgrimage to Mecca

He started his preaching in 611 and died in 632 AD.

After the death of Muhammad the leadership of Caliphs 633-661 A.D

Umayyad Caliphate 661-750 A.D Abbasid Caliphate 750-1250 A.D

In 636 A.D an attempt was made to occupy Debal in Sind cost.

In 712 A.D the Arabs attacked under the leader ship of Muhammad bin Qasim, the son-in-law of Al Hajaj, the ruler of Iran. (Dahir of Sind)

Causes of Arab InvasionArabs developed a craze of exploiting the wealth of India as they did not have economic resources.To propagate Islam ( duty)Immediate cause and attack of Qasim

MAHMUD OF GHAZNIAfghanistan1001 1026 CE17 invasionsThe Idol Breaker

GHAZNI VICTORY TOWER, GHAZNI, AFGHANISTAN

Muhammad of Ghur or Ghori (Prodhivraj)First Battle of Tarain : 1191Second Battle Tarain : 1192

The Battle of Chandawar ( Jaychandra 1194) laid strong foundation of Turkish rule in Northern India.

Delhi SultanateSlave Dynasty 1206-1290( Qutubuddin Aibak, Sultan Razia, Balban)Khalji Dynasty 1290-1390Jalaluddin Khalji, Alauddin Khalji)Tighlaq Dynasty 1320-1414Ghiyas-ud-din-Tughlaq, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq, Firuz ShahSayyids Dynasty 1414-1451 Khizr KhanLodhi Dynasty 1451-1526Bahlul Lodi, Ibrahim Lodi

ISLAMS EXPANSION, 25 YEARS

*Born and raised in city of MeccaCommercial centre already sacred to Arabs- drew numerous pilgrimsTo its holy sanctuary home of many polytheistic godsMoon, sun, starsAt centre was a sacred stoneProbably meteoriteConsidered to be from heavenArea around this stone was a neutral zone where merchants and chieftains of the many tribes could meet in peace*- Very heart of Islam is submission to the total will of Allah