islam. origins muhammad was the prophet of islam muhammad received his first revelation in a cave,...
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Islam
Origins
Muhammad was the prophet of IslamMuhammad received his first revelation in a
cave, it was given by the angel Gabriel and it is when he began to write the Qur’an
Muhammad became the leading figure in Islam
Strongly Emphasized that he was only a messenger
As he obtained more revelations he wrote the Qur’an in its entirety
Ultimate Goal and Five Pillars
Ultimate Goal: To enjoy the paradise of heaven with Allah by submitting yourself to the five pillars and sharia law
Iman: Confession that there is only one god and Muhammad is his messenger
Salah: Prayer five times a daySawm: Fasting during the lunar month of
RamadanZakah: Donations to the poorHajj: Making the pilgrimage to Mecca at least
once during one’s lifetime
Religious texts
The Qur'an is described as the “word of Allah”
Qur'an is Allah’s word written through Muhammad
It is the center of every Muslim's faithHadiths are writings on Muhammad's life Some writings on the Hadith are essential to
the religion while others are badly sourced The complete text of the Qur'an is essential
to Islam while only some Hadiths are important
Major Beliefs
There is one GodAllah has angelsThe books of Allah, especially the Qur’anThe prophets of Allah, especially MuhammadThe afterlife or Day of JudgmentThe supremacy of Allah’s will
Misconceptions
“All Muslims are terrorists”- This shows a negative notion of the faith of Islam
“Islam oppresses women”Allah is not a specific name for their god it is
just how they say GodWhen male Muslims die they are not actually
rewarded with 72 virgins which is written in a badly sourced Hadith
All Muslims are Arab
Geography and Location
Mecca=Birthplace of Muhammad on 570 C.E. and where his first revelation of Allah occurred.
Prayers of Muslims are directed towards Mecca during Salah
Medina=Tomb and mosque of Muhammad who died in 632 C.E.
Medina became the center of the Islamic community after persecution out of Mecca in 622 C.E.
Islam then spread through trade and conquest to include northern Africa, southwest Asia, and the Philippines
Islam under Muhammad
The Spread of Islam
Cosmology
Islamic Cosmology is similar to biblical stories
Allah created the earth in 6 days Muslims also believe in the story of
Abraham/Ibrahim, the father of all, and the story of Babylon as their beginnings
Rituals
Hands, arms, face, neck, and feet are washed before prayer if water is available
Once in their lifetime they complete the Hajj pillar where they go to Mecca and pray for their sins and others
Before serving, meat must be butchered and blessed
Eid al-Fitr is the festival of fast breaking which celebrates the completion of the month of Ramaddan
Daily life
Salah is essential to Muslim daily lifeThe Ritual of salah where one must pray five
times a dayFollow the sharia lawThe sharia law is the Muslim legal system by
which crimes are explained and punishments are distributed accordingly
Culture
Non-converted urban women never leave their homes
There are arranged marriages, no dating or marrying for love
Polygamy is forbidden yet in some Muslim communities it is allowed
Cannot drink alcohol or eat porkMen carry the financial responsibilities and
protectionMen and women are chaste until marriage
Community
The Muslim community is called “Uhmma”The Islamic leader was the Caliphate Through disputes over Caliphate succession
after Muhammad's death emerged two groups
Shiite-Only prevalent in Iran Believed the Caliphate should be Abu Akbar,
Muhammad’s close companionSunni-Orthodox majority
Believed the Caliphate should be Ali ibn, Muhammad's cousin and son in law. Also first convert
Works Cited
Alkouatli, Claire. Islam. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2007. Print.
"Common Misconceptions about Muslims." Discover God's Heart for Muslims. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 May 2014.
"The Cosmology of the Quran." The Cosmology of the Quran. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 May 2014.
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Web Sites: Caliphate (Islamic History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 08 May 2014.
Works Cited
Gordon, Mattew S. World Relions: Islam. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 07 May 2014."Sharia Law." SHARIA LAW. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May
2014."Six Articles of Faith." Six Articles of
the Islamic Faith. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 May 2014."The Story of Jesus and His Mission." The Story
of Jesus and His Mission. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 May 2014.
"Sunnis and Shiites." Sunnis and Shiites. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 May 2014.