itu-t workshop on tackling climate change and specific absorption rate measurement cotonou, benin,...

ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement

Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement

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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP

TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC

ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012

“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”

Summary SAR and basic restrictions

Technical Standards

SAR measurement setup

The telecom service provider and SAR

Standard developments

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EMF (Electromagnetic Fields) exposure at Radiofrequency (RF) is primary quantified by means of an internal dosimetry quantity: the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)

One of the possible definitions:

Deeply used in dosimetry and in biological experiments because it could be measured by means of electric field or temperature sensors

kg

W

t

Tc

2

ESAR

0ti

2

Specific Absorption Rate

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Restriction on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects

Depending on frequency, the physical quantities use to specify these restrictions are current density, SAR and power density

Basic Restrictions

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Measurement Standards

Objective: define recommended practice to address in detail how to perform compliance measurements

Measurement Standards key aspects

Measurement system description and requirements

Laboratory requirements

Measurement procedure description and requirements

Uncertainty budget definition

Data reporting

System validation and Inter-laboratory comparisons

Annexes clarifying technical aspects and rationales

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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IEC 62209-1

Issued in 2005

Detailed measurement procedures and measurement system description, uncertainty evaluations

System validation and system check definitions

Four normative annexes (phantom specifications, calibration of measurement instrumentation, post-processing techniques, System validation) and six informative annexes

Currently under maintenance Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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IEEE 1528 -2003

Issued in 2003

Detailed measurement procedures, uncertainty evaluations and strong effort to address rationale for setup choices

System validation and system check first time introduced

One normative annex (measurement uncertainty) and seven informative annexes

An updated Standard version positively voted in 2011, not yet published Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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SAR measurement setup E-field probe

Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM)

Robot to move probe

Robot to align DUT

Head simulating liquid inside SAM

Base station simulator

DUT

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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SAR measurement procedure Alignment positions

SAR tests are performed fixing maximum TX power on DUT

Typically 4 SAR measurements performed at centre frequency, one SAR measurement performed at the lowest frequency and one SAR measurement performed at the highest frequency

Cheek position

Tilt position

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Mobile phone alignment

Fully automated system to align DUT (device under test) to Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM)

High repeatability and precision achieved

Bioem 2009 (June 2009, DAVOS, CH): S. Pacifico, D. Forigo and M. Francavilla: “A New Positioning System For Cellular Phone Alignment According To IEC 62209-1 And IEEE 1528 Standards”

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Single SAR measurement

1. AREA SCAN

2. ZOOM SCAN

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Telecom service providers and SAR Verification both on pre-marketing and market equipment

http://www.unglobalcompact.org/system/attachments/16448/original/COP_TI_2011_FINAL.pdf?1342007429 (page 119)

All market terminals tested

The new ones

Samples taken from stocks within the quality inspection verifications

http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/sustainability/performance-targets/telecom-italia-environment.html

http://www.telecomitalia.com/content/dam/telecomitalia/en/archive/documents/investors/Annual_Reports/2011/TelecomItaliaGroupAnnualReport2011.pdf

More than 50 terminals per year are testedFlavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Measurement results - 1 A database of handsets measured in 2008 -2009 has been analyzed

A total of more than 100 2G handsets (of which 50 was also 3G) has been considered

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Measurement results - 2 Comparison between SAR value and cost of the terminal

10 grams - DCS1800

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

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cost

Only 2G

2G & 3G

10 grams - UMTS

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2

cost

Only 3G

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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TI SAR laboratory activities: accreditation

Telecom Italia SAR laboratory accredited by Italian body ACCREDIA (ex SINAL)

Accreditation according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005

Possibility to perform SAR compliance campaigns not only for internal clients

ACCREDIA latest successfully audit performed in June 2011

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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TI SAR laboratory activities: round robin tests

Telecom Italia SAR laboratory participated to SPEAG (Schmid and Partner Engineering AG) Round Robin phase II and HEMI (Hand Effect Measurement Interlab) studies

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”Standard development work: IEC TC106 MT 1/IEEE

ICES TC34Working groups:

IEC TC106 MT 1, Maintenance of IEC 622091-1

ICES TC34, Wireless Handset SAR certification (SC1: Experimental Techniques)

Next face2face meeting: TI Turin, September 11th-14th 2012

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”Standard development work: fast SAR and test

reduction techniques

**M. Francavilla: “Time reduction to demonstrate SAR compliance of GSM/UMTS mobile phones” BEMS 2011 Meeting, Halifax, CA, June 2011

Great effort in introducing new FAST SAR methods and procedures to reduce overall measurement time*

A statistical based approach is introduced by TI, to reduce the time needed to perform SAR measurements in the case of GSM900, DCS1800 and UMTS band I handsets**

*M.G. Douglas, S. Gabriel, C. Bucher, D. Iliev, J. Kastrati, C. Leubler, M. Meili, K. Pokovic and N. Kuster: “Fast SAR Methods for Electromagnetic Exposure Evaluation of Wireless Devices” EuCAP 2011 Meeting, Rome, April 2011

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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Standard development work: hand effect

Great effort in evaluating the influence of the hand on SAR

Measurement study

Computational study

Objective is to guarantee proper compliance to the specification in all reasonable use cases

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Mauro FRANCAVILLA

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THANK YOU

[email protected]

[email protected]

itu-t workshop on tackling climate change and specific absorption rate measurement cotonou, benin,...

Documents

specific absorption

sar limits enforcement

sar measurements

sar limits enforcement

sar limits enforcement

tackling climate change

best practices

telecom service provider