jia rivers - vliz

International 'Council forExploration of the Sea

ANACAT Fish Committee1995/M:39

, .

, ,

••

••

SALl\JION RIVERS OF TIIE KOLA PENINSULA~'

SOME PECULIARITIES OF TIIE ATLANTICSALl\JION SPA\VNER. l\JIIGRATIONS TO TI-IE KOLA AND TULOl\JIA RIVERS .

by

A.V.Zubchenko, Yu.A.Bochkov

Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries andoceimo'graphy , (PINRO), Murmansk, Russia

A.E.Bakulina, ,T.F~Mishukova

Murmansk Regional oirectorate of Fish conservation,andEnhancement, Murmansk, Russia

..Introduction'

Undoubtedly, that various 'factors of enviroment have not'onlysignificant, but the decisive 'impact on terms and structure ofthe Atlantic salmon spawning migrations to rivers. However; it isdifficult or completely impossiple t,o investigate this influence,due to the lack of precise data on ,the abundance of migratingsalm6n. At theisame time; -the data on structure'of spawningmigrations are of great practical importance, for instance; forestimating the fishing pr~~sure.' .

The Kola and Tuloma Rivers fall into the Kola Bay of the BarentsSea. The mouths ,of these rivers are situated, practically, closeto 'each other. The good conditions for'salmon spawner accountingare noticed in the both rivers, since they pass through thespecial trap in the upper part of'the fish ladder in the TulomaRiver and are caught completely at the accounting fence in the'Kola River. This makes it possible to observe the' possibledependence of the dynamics of salmon spawning migrations on suchfactors' of enviroment as the ,temperature and the level of waterin the rivers, as' weIl as on the variabilities' of waterternperature in the Barents Sea.

. .

iud

ICES-paper-Thünenstempel

2,

Material arid methods

Ten-day period datä. on the abundance of salmon spawners, obtainedfrom the results of accounting of spawning inigrants .at , theacceunting fence (the Kola Rivcr)and in thetrap of thc fishladder (the TUloma River) in 1980-i994', the' data on temperatureand the levelof water in the Kola and TUloma Rivers in the same

" .,.).'_ , . ~ . •• • , ", ,. "', I ,

.period, the data on the water temperature at ,the'depths of 0-200m in the Main Branch of the Murman Current, and the data on'temperature at tbe depths of 0-50 in the Coastal Branch of theMurman Current were used in the present paper.

'Results and discussion

. '

So~etypes of s~awningmigrations,distinguishing frem each otherby the different terms of starting the peaks .of run, may bcsingled out in tbe.Kola and Tuloma Rivers. Therefore, ,the years,similar in structure of run,' are .united into five' greups(Fig.1,2). " .'

. ," ' : ; '. , "#'" • \ -.. :, ~ • \, I

Thc analys1s .. of the season model: the dynamics of the spawningrun - the temperature and the level of water in the rivers andthe temperature of water in theBarents sea, indicated, that themodel is more informative,and significant for the Tuloma River,than for the Kola River (the Fisher's criterion for ,thcTUloma,River (F) wasequal to 14.6 (the level of significance p=,0.0001, coeffic:iient of determination (R-squared) - '0.76, forthe Kola River F = ,7;2 (p = 0;0036), R-squared = 0.61). Theinfluence'of-the factors considered to the seasonal dynamics ofsalmori . run was· different for each river . <1:he influence of thewater le~el in the Tuloma River was 69.9%, cif the watertemperature in,the,river - 4,7%, of,the water temperature in-thesea -, 0.8%;' in the Kola River'_ the,'irifluence of thewatertemperature in the,river ~ 40.1%, of the,water leijel - 12.7%;.ofthe water temperature. in the sea - 8%).- The ,dynamics of ,thesalmon run- has the correlational relationship onlywith thetemperature ofwater in the·rivers (r =,0.63, p ~·,6.ob48i -.fortbe Kola River; r.= 0.41; p = 0,088 - for the Tuloma River) •. Thisrelationship is consistently explained,,-since the temperature ofwater grows,: during the ,spawning migration" however, " the'dependence of theseasonal changesin salmen abundance and watertem~erature is not alwa~s particularly pronounced' (Fig.3-12).For example, the simultaneous reduction in temperature, .. andabundance of spawning migrants was recorded 'in tbeTuloma Riverin ' 1986, and 1992 , (Fig.12). By contrast to, the decrease intemperature in the Kola River in ,1980, 1981" i986, 1987,. 1989, .1990, 1993 and 1994 coincided with the peak of the spawnirig 'run(Fig.5,7). The connection between low temperature; as a rule, notmore than 7-8°C, and the delay of the migration peak for thelaterterm in comparisoii with mean';'long-term data. is wellobserved,in the TUloma River.(Fig.10-11). This connection is notnoticed in the Kola River; Thc start of the sal~ori run in tbe

"

..•

•

3

mouth~ of rivers,' urider thetemper~ture ofcommon to 'the both rivers. '

close to 5°C,, . is

•

•

The level of water, in accordance with the data on the analysis,has not a pronounced impact on the pace of spawning migrations.It should be noticed; that in the Kola River the migration ofsalmon to spawning starts and takes place in the period of waterlevel decline (Fig.13-17). The contrary piciture is' observed inthe. Tuloma Ri~er (Fig.18-22),that is explained ~y th~

Nizhnetulomskaya WPS location in ,the mouth of the river.Moreover, in ,the years of high floods, tli~ unexpected waterremoving" usually coinciding with the start of the salmon run, isnoticed. The delay of the start of the'spawning migration to theriver, since the salmon run to the high~velocity jet, to thefreshet canal, was observed in 1985, 1992; 1993 and 1994.. .The conjugation (conneetion) ,of seasonal alterations of themigrating salmon abundance and the lieat' level of waters of theMurman 'current in the Barents Sea. Besides, the significantinfluence of year-to-year fluctuations of water' temperature atthe depth of 0-50 m in the coastal Dranch 'of the Murman Current(May) on the year-to-year var1ations 'of migrating' salmonabundance in the first ten-day period of June, as presented inFigs.23,24jis observed. In spring months, when the heat contentof ,the atlantic waters is liigh*i'" ~igriificant increase inabundance of'salmon prespawning specimens, migrating to the Kolaand Tuloma Rivers,(in 5-10' times) is registered in the coastalzone of Murman. In spite of this, (compare Fiqs.1,2 and 23,24)the peak of spawning migrations in the warm years falls withinthe earlier. terms. It is also interestinq, that the peak ofsalmon run in,the Kola and Tuloma Rivers always accounts for'theperiod, when the water temperature at the depths of ,0-200 m inthe Main Branch of the Murman Current reaches 3°C (Figs.25-32).In this connection, we can draw the conclusion on the connectionof these two factors. '

"

* - mean water temperature at the depth of 0-50 m, at the "Kolskymeridian" section in the flow of th.e Coastal Branch' of the Mur~änCurrent in the period of 1980-1993 was 3.1°C.

Fig.1. Variants of salmon run dynamicsin the Kola'River in 1980-1994

3000...,..-----------------------,

500

.:. l • mean for 1984,85. ~ • mellll for 1982.~8.91.n

:2500 :": ········3·;·meIHi·röi"·19ml,a7,93················

n . E ... 4.l983. ; ~ - "1~ 2000 _ _ § ~ ..~ ~ S.~_m~.1o.r.l!!_6Dp-fjl.p.f3!!~.O.:?_4_ .'» :' • f ~

~ f '~~ ~... 1500 .' .~~. . .'» I~

~ . ;'!. ", .e 1000 / ..-j-./..:..\<~ ..\ .~-'i ,;

-~ ;~:i~ .. ·· ·..···.. · ·· · l.:.. -.

; 1-" ..:~ ,

o--l-----.1:;.··:1··I',.-,---,r-l'"'---y--,--:-~·~··~·~·~;.;'~~..~._~~~t----J.13

1415 17

1619 21 23 25 27.

18 20 22 24 261O-day intervals

2928 30

1

__ 1

4

--. 2 3

, •••• - 5

Fig.2. Variants of salmon run dynamicsin the Tuloma'A. in 1980-1994

2927252313

3500.,-----------------::------------,1 - mean for 1984,85,88,91:2 - mean tor 1983)87,89,90,94

3000 ········.. ··························1~····· .. ······3·;·meaiiTc:ir·rmm;93························..········I' \ 4 • mean tor 1981,82

2500 ,' ; ·····.§···mean·fOl'·1-BS5·92·················.·.··· .--:'- I J

~ I11'. I \

~ 2000 / ~\ ;:.........................•.............................................

~ J \:

C1' : \: ~.!J 1500 .,. _ ~ ;...t'l. .Er', . ~

~ , f~ \ ~c: I Y \.' I1000 : ". ,.. . ., .(

'/ 'Ip" \,: : \:'500 ;~ ;;/. );"~ ' .

/~. \-'''11

~J?' \_-Oll..---.---,~~~...--..,..--.---,--,--~~~-,..--,..~_--...yc--J

15 17 19 2114 16 18 20 22 24 26

1O-da;' intervals28 30

1

---- - 1 - - 2 ........ ·3

.--4 ····-5

Fig.3. Dynamics of salmen run and watertemperature in the Kola'R. in 1984,85

................................................. 15'I.

,, ; 5

I ~~U-JJ-.Il--WI-=~~O~..~O+-- 0

3000-r-----------------------r301 - mean water temperature for 1980-19942 • mean water temper. in 1984,85

2500 ·3·::1iieiÜ'i"t'Üii·i:!yi'iatüic'S·f6r·t9'80"-1"994"········ 254 • mean run dynamies in 1984,85 .

-:'"~ 2000 ·..··..· ..···..····· ..······ ..········..··..· ·········· .. ·:20~ 0~ ~

~....C)a!"C

"Oll.!lE~ 1000 .

13 15

14 1617 19 21 23

18 20 :22 241O-day intetvals

25 :27 2926 28 30

10.1 ----·2 --a- ·3 - - 4

Fig.4. Dynamics cf salmen run and watertemperature in Kola in 1982,88,91,92

3000...--------------------------r301 • mean water temperllture for L980-19942- - mean water tempo in 1982,88,91,92

:2500 ·································3·;.·llieäh·öytiählics·i'ü'I'i·f6t·t980~199'4·········254 - mean dyn.run in 1982,88,9L,92-

:2000 ·..·..················..·····..· ..··········· ····· .. ····:20o~

~L -,r--, 15 ~C)

.~... ~.. ~ .... !"' 10

....................... 5

rJ '..O.t----l:~A--+-.t-WW--JI.--Jf-~~~~~~~!§J---I-o

"Oll

..aE 1500 ..::JC

13 15 17 19 21 23 25 :27 2914 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

1O-day intetvals

10·1" U -2--a-. 3 -.4

Fig.5. Dynamics of salmen run and watertemperature in Kola'R. in 1986,87,93

•...'.

()

l1J................................................ 15 ~~ m

, l1J"C

' 10

17 19 21 23

18 20 22 :24decade

1613 15

14

. _-. 5

\

....- '. -,o-i--l~~4--L.JJ-J,L.JU-JI-~~~~, ~~~,~~--!-O

25 27 29:26 28 30

2500 : .

3000,.-----------------------,301 - moean water tempo for 1980·19942 - mean water tempo in 1986,87,93"3"~·ine~iin'üil:ay_ii=·Wr·1:9S0:t994········254. mean run dyn. in 1986,87,93......................................................·········20--:-

~ 2000 .

0UJ-... 1500 .011.aE:JC

1 0 -1 ----·2-8--3--4

Fig.6. Dynamics of salmen run and watertemperature in Kola'R. in 1983

26

."';;; 10,:-..

......,; 5

Ir'....

()

l1J.rrLaL:1r--"1 ••• ••• 15 ~

.~ ml1J

"C

19 21 23 25

18 20 22 241O-day intervals

13 15

14

... 1500 .011.aE:::JC

3000-r--------------------------.301 - mean 'waler tempo for 1980-19942 - temperalure in 1983

2500 3·:..iii~iiinüti"dyii:·Iöt'1.961J~l:99.r .. ··· 254 - rUll dj'llamics ill1983.......i 2000 . 20

0~

10.1 ..-- -2 -a-·3 - -4

Fig.7. Dynamics cf salmon run and watertemperature in Kola in 1980,81,89,90,94

10

oQJ

15 ~mQJ

"0,

3500.-----------------------,-30l - melln water 1emper1l1ure for 1960-l994

3000 E.::.~~~!'!-~.~·!!~~r..~~~np.,.!~.J.?$.QßJß!?..1!?.9.].~4.__ .3 - mean run dynllmic5 for 1960-l994 25

2500 ~.::.~~?~~~E~~.~!.~:..~~..~?!??!.~.~!.~??????~ .20

......o<1lg. 2000 ....

..8 1500 ' ,E::JC

13 15

14 1617 19 21 23 25

18 20 22 ~4 ~6

1o-day intetvals

27 29

28 30

10 -1 .... -2 -e-- -3 - -4

Fig.8. Dynamics cf salmen run and watertemperature in Tuloma in 1984,85,88,91

3500-r------------------------.20

2000 - .

4

:2

O+---.J-J.lG!f.~Qlf--.JJ..-.JI.--4-Jl-.lJ..-Jl.-~~t-\L;;;;;.lI~~gL-4- 0

...<1l.a 1500 .E::J1:

1 - mean water tempo for 1980·1994

3000 ~..~.~~~.~.~~~!..~~!!1p.~.i_~.~.~~:7.'.~~I~.~J.~~.._1a3 - mean run dyn. tor 1980-19944 - mean run dyn. in 1984,85,88,91 16

2500 ~ 14"";J'

<1lD.~•

1314

15 17 19 21 2316 18 20 22 24

1O-day intervals

25 :27 2926 28 30

10 -1 •••• -2 -e-- -3~ -4

Fig. 9. Dynamics of salmon run and watertemperature in Tuloma in 1983,87,89,90,94

2500 - ....111.0E 2000 :. - .:J ,c

1500 ,,",.-

1000 ""-""""""""- •

13 15 17

14 16

10 -1 .... - 2 -8-- 3 --4

Fig.10.Dynamics of salmon run and watertemperature, in Tuloma'R. in 1980,93

4000..,.-----------------------,..20

•

13 15

14

17 19 21 23

16 18 20 22 24

1O-day intervals

, -.. -•

25 27 29

26 28 30

6

4

2

10-1 .... -2-8- -.3 --4

Fig.l1.Dynamics cf salmen run and watertemperature in Tuloma'R. in 1981,82

3000..,.-----------------------.:20

a..,'\·f .. · .... • .... · .... •.... · .. ·

.... 6

. 10'.

.~

15 17 19 :21· 23 2516 18 20 22 24

1o.day intervals

1314

4

2

O-l--...L-'fEr-%~;.Idj:::...lJ--4--J!---ll-\I---Jb-II-=~"1ofi~loiiioI:l~~lJ.g..L--+ 027 29

26 28 30

500

1000

1 - mean water temperature for 1980-1994.:2 - mean water tempo in 1961,6:2 18

2500 ···························3··mean·!Un·dynamicsfor1'98o--1'994-·· .. . 4 - mean run dynamics in 1981,8:2 16

142000 ·············ö··:·········..·.. ·..·.. ·..·..··.. ············· ..12 0

~~...0)~

-0

...111.0E 1500 .:Je

10-1 .... ·2-B-·3-·4

Fig.12.Dynamics cf salmen run and watertemperature in Tuloma'R. in 1986,92

3000..,.-------------------------.-20

1 9 21 23 25 27 291 8 20 22 24 26 28 30

1o-day intervals

..~

...

,

4

2

0+----.JL.\l-elJ.~1tJ'.JI.--l,L+-JI.-.Jl-.JJ-+:-J!-=.~~"-"I~'B4s.L--+O13 15 17

14 16

1 - mean water temperature for 1980-1994:2 • mean water tempo in 1986,92 1a

2500 ········..············3·.mean·!Un·dynamicsfor1'98o--1'994.. ·..··· ..4 - mean run dynamics in 1 986,92 16

. . 142000 ;.'-\:.................................................. .

/' 12 0~ ~

\. 10 ~0)

a .g... 1500 .111 , ••.0 ,

E ':J 1000 ,: ---e •,,",,'

500 '-

.......o1110ll>-•

10-1 u"·2-B--3--4 I

Fig.13.Dynamics of salmen run and waterlevel in Kola'R. in 1984,85

20

1:20

................................................................... 100 §80

60

40

1 • mean wilter level for 19$0-1994 .2. mean water level in 1984,85

··········3·;·lli~lni·l'Un·dyiiäi'1'Ücnöt1:9S0:t99·

4 • melln run dynamics in 1984,65

500 :•I

o.J---L:JU~Jl-UW-~~~~~~4-J~-+o

2500 .

-;; 2000 .'110..(/J-.... 1500 :'11 •.a I

E :~ 1000 .

13

1415 17 19 ~ 23

16 18 20 22 :241O-day interval

25 27

:26 2829

30

I0 -1 ._ .. - 2 -a- ·3 - 04

~:ig.14.Dynamicsof salmen run and waterlevel in Kola'R. in 1982,88,91,92

3000.-----------------------,2001 - mean water level for 1980·19942. mean wafer level in 1982,88,91,92 180

2500 ···········································-:r~·i"il~äti·rüü·öY-ll:"f6r·t9S0:t994··"··'·1604 • mean run dyn. in 1982,88,91,92

'""i"Q'11D.~.... 1500 .oll.aE~ 1000 I

500 .

140

1:20

80

60

40

20

Eo

•

13 15 17

14 16

o+----l--t~_+_Jl_Jf_!+_J~._lI_~~~~,~,~~,~eL-+o19 21 23 25 27 29

18 20 22 :24 :26 28 301O-day intervals

1 0 . 1 .nO - 2 -a- . 3~ -4 I

Fig.15.Dynamics of salmen run and waterlevel in Kola'R. in 1986,87,93

60

40

20

17 19 21 2318 20.22 24

10-day intervals

13 1514 16

o+----l--\LE44-...II--Ji-1i-J~~~~~~olF-~,~eL-+o27 29

28 30

500 .

1000 ........•

.3ooo.--------~-------------____._2001 • mean "'liter level for 1980-1994r.... 2- • rnean water level in L986,87,93 180

2500 """""""-:-""Y-""""""" ·"3·;·ü'ieäin'iin·djl ii:'fö·tT9f1l)"-1994'·'" 160'. 4 - mean run dyn. in 19S6,81,93

(J' 2000 • ~ 7\ 140

jt . \ 'J 1201500 :! 100 E~ • ; ~............... u

~ : M::Jc:

•ID -1 .. u - 2 -e-- ·3 - - 4

Fig.16.Dynamics of salmen run and waterlevel in Kola'R. in 1983

Eu

20

140

120

60

40

80

500 ..

1000 .

3000:,.---------------------------,-2001 - mean "'liter level for 1980-19942- - water level in L983 180'3·.;;me·/iü·rtiil·dyii:·föYl9tllj.1994···· .. · 1604 - run dynlimics in 1983

2500 ···········....t,···················.. ·••I •

I ..

(J' 2000 .$ •0.. •~ I

... 1500 ~.$.aE::J.e

•13

1415 17

1619 21 23

18 20 22 241O-day intervals

27 2928 30

ID·1 ----·2 -e-- -3 - -4

Fig.17.Dynamics of salmon run and watertemperature in Kola in 1980,81,89,90,94

13 15 17 19 21 23 25 :27 29

14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 301O-day intervals

•

80

100.

120 ()aJaJ...maJ

"C

....................................................... 60

40

20

o~J.--kMWW-+.JI-Jl-W~~$~~~sl-----+O

500 .

1000 .

3500.----------------------.,2001 - mean 'water level for 1980-19942. - mean wafer level In 1980 81 899094 1803000 - _ _ ~ '-' ~ ,_ .3 - mean run dyn. tor 1980-1994 1604 - mean run dyn. in 1980,81,89,90.94:2500 140

---=<>41g. 2000 .-~ .'..a 1500 .E:::IC

10.1 .n··2 -e-·3 - -4

Fig.18.Dynamics of salmon run and waterlevel in Tuloma'R. in 1984,85,88,91

50

100

150 E<>

3500.---------------..,----------r3001 - mean water level for 1 980·1 994:2 - mean water level in 1984,85,88,91": ..:::.~.~::.~.~ ..~.~.~:~~:~.~~;~:~~±::~~:;~~;~8~;:.::::: :::

~ 2000 ..····..···········ir·~ ... . 1\ . r---

Cl' r-' l~11500 -.. .' 1 ~

'::: ~ ~t"I'! ~~ .....

O-+--..l-ffl,Jf@'!fC~:=!..Ij.:f-.lJ--Jjrll---JJ--.JlJ--~lI-=:ll='=I"'tiii..,.....~;J;'~~f.E1~:J.1---+0

•

13 1 5 17 19 :21 23 25 27 2914 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

1O-day intervals

Ic=J -1 ---- -:2 --e- - 3 -- - 4

Fig.19.Dynamics of salmon run and water"level in Tuloma'ft in 1983,87,89,90,94

4000....----------------------r300

50

200

150 Eu

100

250

25 27. 29

26 28 30

t~~kt ~~

~ "rrs.I.<=.o-l------l~3-\4~lJf-...IJ--\l--HLjL~=p~~~Jte.II-El-\lQl.--+o

13 15 17 19 21 2314 16 18 20 22 24

. 1O-day intervols

500 .

1000 .....,..

1 - meon water level for 1980-19943500 ZA.m~anwatw.19V~.in.fQS3,a7,S9,9~~ .

3 - meon run dynamics for 1980-19943000 ··.··.·· ~·m~·rtJl1·dyn:·irt198S;f>7'..89;90,.g4·· .

ti . 1\~ 2500 ;;;;....... - .

oe. r7... 2000 1;0.1Il ~~.aE 1500 .....,..:lt:

10-1 ----·2 -e- ·3 - - 4

Fig.20.Dynamics of salmon run and waterlevel in Tuloma'R. in 1980,93

250

50

200

100

150 Eu

500

2500 ·······················?"'~·":·~~·hl"-l:~:F"""1IMIr-lI""lIr-Jt""'"1lrr-w......,-r;"'9·

... ;;-'"2000 1- ••

~r--,

4000....----------------------.-3001 - meon woter level for 1980-1994

3500 ························~-·meonwoter·leve!-in· f 980-93-·······················. 3· meon run dynomics for 1980-1994

3000 ·························-4·.·mean·run·dyrr.·in19S0j93"·········· .

1500

1000

"":''0

1Iln...lIJ-...1Il.aE:lt:

•13

14

15 17 19 21 23

16 18 20 22 241O-day intervols

25 27

2629

28 30

10-1 ----·2 -e- ·3 - - 4

Fig.21.Dynamics of salmon run and waterlevel in Tuloma'R. in 1981,82

4000-,-----------------------.-300

250

200

50

100

150 §

29

28 30

13 15 17

14 16

~.F-"....,.,.;.:..:...:,."• ...,.-r.':.::,'"r·'~·r·~·,",,""""'l:""~,..,~~""'t-,..... .......................:,~9'<:-..............."

...... .,-L;:öl,.

11 Rvfe:i\

l""lJ ~.J [lstrk ....o-+--LlleJ~~~~~~~!-JP~~.~-~*~~~~-+o

19 21 23 25 27

18 20 22 24 261O-day intervals

500 ..

2500

1000 ..

2000

1500

1 - mean water level for 1980-19943500 2 A .m9anwatw.loevel.in.tge1-yS2 .

3 • mean run dynamics tor 1980·19943000 ·························>t·.·meon-rtm·dyn:·in1ge1·j8Z······· .

"'"'I.)

IDn.l'l......LID

..a§r::

10.1 ·····2-e-·3-·4

Fig.22.Dynamics of salmon run and waterlevel in Tuloma'R. in 1986,92 .

4000-,------------------------,-300

250

200.. -.~.......

150 E •u

100

50

0

500 .

..2500 ~.;;;~.,,,",,,,,, -..,,;-;=t"::>+-.,r~,.,,,,, ""..,o;:~ ...,...~"'h;.=;

~p

2000 ,L~,...:...

1500 .

1000 .

1 - meon water level for 1980-19943500 ···· 2A ·meanwat.-r.loevel·in· t gee,9:2- .

3· mean run dynamicstor 1980·19943000 ·························>t·.·meon·rtIt1·dyn:·in1966j9'2········· .

tiIDn..e.....ID

..aE::sr::

13 15 17

14 16

19 21 23 25

18 20 22 24 261O-doy intervals

27 29

28 30

10-1 ..... 2-e-. 3 -. 4

----- ----~

0,'

u

-0.5

0.5

0.5

-0.5

-1

,. _ - .

t'>I

,r'J,

. ~ .

Ic=J abt1I1.danre .-0 •• t.ernperat.ure ,.

W8D 1902 1984 1986 1988 1990 19021081 1083 1985 1987 1089 1991 1993

~

~I ~~re /'

···· ..·············.········f· ":' ,...... ~.\ia~ ~, ..••.••.••.••..•I ~

~: . ,ft--.><-----,r-t--lt+-t-fi-il""~--:-'+-H-t-r-r--'po~-·r 0

-1 : ~ '............. l.'!'(' ........~ •••.. p .. ,;-.. ' -.. " .~ .2

1

r = 0,44 P = 0,1:26 fD" 'r- : 1,..;-

;r.~5 ; ,J-.

Fig. 24. Abundance of Atlantic salmon in Tuloma'R.infirst 1O-days of June verstis water temperature .

in Barents Sea in May7 1~

Fig. 23. Abundance of Atlantic salmon in Kola'R.in first 1O-days of June versus water temperature

, in Barents Sea in MayB-rf""""----------------------rl.5

.. ·1 c:::J abundance --0 •• tEmperat.ure I

-7.5 ;... . !.::::..Q~Tl...p..:? ..Q.•.9.Q1:~............... 1

I~ ~ '7 .. ,..., .~ ~ ~. ~-~ ~

..........................: ~ /0- , ,iBl. . .- , ~ .-,' ..

ft---I:'il"l'------,.H--!+--t-'..i-----t-t-~_H_t-t-t_+_!~);----r- 06 ~ :\ J. .~.......... .-1. .

, " -.~.. "...... ., .

) :.'!l

4: -I'=====i..-.J/rin~-Jr!--"F--"T'-' -"ßr'---Jf~---RtL-lr'--4L--"f'-',===r --:~1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 '1992

1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993~--ears:

5.5

6.5

..s

••

,------------- ---- - ~~ --------~------------------I

Fig.25.Dynamics of salmon run in Kolaand Sea water temperature in 1980-1994

2500

2000

";J'11' 1500D.~...11'JJ

1000E:Jc:

.....................................~ ;..__a~.~::~.':'liJ..~ .. ~ ~

. ".PI'pa...................................... JZl - : .

Ml~~P..... -,....................l1!l••••••

r7:!';:'fl"

,--

5

4.5

4

3.5

3 0GI

2.5 GI...m

2 GI"0

1.5

500

n M 0.5

o-JL===y'~-+++-+--'-t-W,I=1Y4~~~~~......J-o13' '1 5 17 1 9 21 23 25 27 29

14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

1O-day interval&

I0 abundance • i)o. temperature I.

Fig.26. Dynamics of salmon run in Kolaand Sea water temperature in 1980

•oGI

2.5 ~C)GI

"0

1.5

........................................................... 4.0' ~~.m. "'l:ii. ..rg~

..........p.~ 3.5",Ji!" 'w........................................................ 3

........................................................... 2800 ,e,N

600 .........~-N~......

2000..,,-------------------------r5

1800 -........................................... .. -......................................... 4.5

1600

1400";J'~ 1200~... 100011'JJE:Jc:

400

200 0.5

O-P===r-T"'""';-~"-f-J!--t--t-+--F~~-f-~"'f==t-~=r013 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

14 16 18 20 22 24 26 26 30

1O-day interval&

. I0 abundance • i)o. temperature I


..••••••••••••••••••.••.••.••.•....•,ß...,Q.....•.•...••....•.....•..•..•

~ ,goo 061- 0&- "'ISo "So """pa ..... "cc

•••••••• "1 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ....................}!J

pt .

pt;El1500 "g. .

3000

4000;r--------------------------.S

4.5

4

3.5

3 041

2.5 ~m

2 ~

1.5

3500

~ 2000

~c

...-;-.(.>

. ~ 2500..!!.

1000

500 0.5

o 013 1 5 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

1o·day intervals

I0 abundance • D· temperature


3000--------------------------.6

2500 ........................................................... 5

'"J' 2000

• t»D.fIJ--L. 1500t».aE:J 1000c

.IilJ"'~........................................... . .a--oIii1~.~.••..•...:;..•...•.••.••.•..• 4

,JiY'.IäJ •

I~~· ~~ ~.................................",ij'.v:t 3 ~

~. mw· ~........~.~......................... . 2~

500

n rh0-+l-=....,.....,--f=40-.,.-4-'--4--+-4~~"""?"'...,.....,..""'T""'''T'''~=+o

13' 15 17' 19 21 23 25 27 2914 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

10·day intervals

I0 abundance - D· temperature

Fig.29.Dynamics of salmon run in Tulomaand Sea water temperature in 1980-1994

3 0~

2.5 ~m

2 ~

1.5

a .. Bo -e-1iL. __ .•••••••••••~...</ir.•.•• _•••••.••.••.••.•~ .••. _......... 4

.Jd "ti:l

~.~ 3.5

400

a"BOO ..•..•.•••••.•..••.••;.P:.....

,N"~600 - ~ .

18001---------------------------r5

4.51600

1400 - .

1 1200

! 1000

200 0.5

O...j.b==;--~~~"'-l-.lJ--'t-~..\-~~~~"1"'"'''''''''''"!''''''==,;...O

13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 2914 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

10-day intervale

I0 abundance .. & - temperature I

Fig.30.Dynamics of salmon run in Tuloma'R. and Sea water temperature in 1980

•o~

2.5 ~m~\l2

3

1.5

.m- ,lijI" ..e. "'GJo. "Cüo~...."Ilf.~~ w.......... 3.5p/

17 19 21 23 2518 20 22 24 26

1O.day intervals16

13 1514

•••••••.••••••••.••.••••••.•••••.••••• p:Jpi'

,Ii!'J",,Bi'- "R..••.••.•...•..•

ri1"JBi'

0.5

O-lb=='F"";o-,::::~l--\-.l/-+-~-\--l-+--f=:.l-.......,.,-'I"-=~ 027 29

28 '30

BOO

400

200

600

1000

1200...".--------------------------r5

4.5

4

I0 abundance - & - temperature I


4500...,,-------------------------r-5

1500

4000

3500

(; 30004ln..e. 2500L.

~ 2000E::lC

,......................../i1'"~ .

,r.'!l..............J!f' .J

::::::~~:~:~~::::~~:::~~:;:::::::::::: :.5J!:/ ................................................................ 3.5

3 (.)oll

2.5 ~Cl)

2 ~

1.5

500

1000

0.5

O-!!==_.,.--r=t--+-+--+-+-+--f=:+--f=PI='l~.....,I-.,.~==t-O13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 301O-day intel1lsls;

I0 abundance • D· temperature


3000...,,--------------------------,-

1000

•2500

(; 20004ln..e.L. 15004l

.D.E::lC

500

..~............................................ ·········..····~·a ..·'d~····· ...,···················~.. .

p. .. JJ:" ~··..·..·..······· ····•·..·..·..· ···-I,I:!l" ':-c<l .

?J'"pi'

........................;m(.f!:............ . .~..

0"E

5

4.5

4

3.5

3 (.)

oll2.5 oll...

Cl)

2 oll"U

1.5

13 1 5 17 19 21 23 25 27 291 4 16 1 8 20 22 24 26 28 30

1O-day intervsle

I0 abundance .. Oo" temperature I

jia rivers - vliz

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