joints of the skeletal system articulations junctions between bones bind parts of skeletal system...
DESCRIPTION
Synovial Joints diarthrotic composed of: joint cavity, synovial fluid, joint capsule and synovial membrane 8-8TRANSCRIPT
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Joints of the Skeletal System
• Articulations• Junctions between bones• Bind parts of skeletal system together• Make bone growth possible• Permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth• Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contraction
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Classification of Joints
• Fibrous Joints• dense connective tissues connect
bones• between bones in close contact• ex: tibia/fibula, skull
• Cartilaginous Joints• hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
connect bones• ex: epiphysis/diaphysis, pelvis
• Synovial Joints• most complex• allow free movement• ex: knee, shoulder, hip
Also…• synarthrotic
• immovable• amphiarthrotic
• slightly movable• diarthrotic
• freely movable
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Synovial Joints
• diarthrotic• composed of: joint cavity,
synovial fluid, joint capsule and
synovial membrane
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Types of Synovial Joints
Ball-and-Socket Joint• hip• shoulder
Condyloid Joint• between metacarpals and phalanges
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Types of Synovial Joints
Gliding Joint• between carpals• between tarsals
Hinge Joint• elbow• between phalanges
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Types of Synovial Joints
Pivot Joint• between proximal ends of radius and ulna
Saddle Joint• between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
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Shoulder Joint
• ball-and-socket• between humerus and scapula• ligaments prevent displacement• very wide range of movement
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Shoulder Joint
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Elbow Joint
• hinge joint (between humerus and ulna)• gliding joint (between humerus and radius)• flexion and extension• many reinforcing ligaments• stable joint
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Elbow Joint
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Hip Joint
• ball-and-socket joint• between femur and coxa• heavy joint capsule• many reinforcing ligaments• less freedom of movement than shoulder joint
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Hip Joint
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Knee Joint• largest joint• most complex• between femur and tibia• femur articulates anteriorly with patella• modified hinge joint• flexion/extension/little rotation• strengthened by many ligaments and tendons• menisci separate femur and tibia
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Knee Joint
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Clinical ApplicationJoint Disorders
Sprains• damage to cartilage, ligaments, or tendons associated with joints• forceful twisting of joint
Bursitis• inflammation of a bursa• overuse of a joint
Arthritis• inflamed, swollen, painful joints
• Rheumatoid Arthritis• Osteoarthritis• Gout 8-24