jomo kenyatta university of agriculture and … · 2017-10-24 · 1.1 vision and mission of the...

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF

AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

(A Centre of excellence)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL, MANUFACTURING AND MATERIALS

ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MINING, MATERIALS AND PETROLEUM

ENGINEERING (IN COLLABORATION WITH KeNGEN)

DOCUMENT: Education Curriculum for skills

appraisal program

REF:

Effective Date:

Revision: 0

TITLE: GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES HARNESSING

AND DEVELOPMENT

Issue: 1

Prepared By:

………………………………………

Chairperson,

Mining, Materials and

Petroleum Engineering

Department

Signed by:

………………………

Dean,

College of

Engineering and

Technology

Approved By:

………………………………………

Vice Chancellor and

Chairperson, University

Senate

© JUNE 2017

i Faculty of Engineering and Technology

CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Vision and Mission of the University ............................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Vision ...................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Mission .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Program Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Program Philosophy ....................................................................................................................... 2

2.0 Target Groups and Justification .............................................................................................................. 2

2.1 Target Groups ................................................................................................................................... 2

2.2 Justification ...................................................................................................................................... 2

3.0 Program Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 3

4.0 Expected General Learning Outcomes ................................................................................................... 3

5.0 Duration and Pattern of the Program ...................................................................................................... 3

6.0 Entry Requirements ................................................................................................................................ 3

7.0 General Regulations ................................................................................................................................ 3

8.0 Use of Audio-visual Aids and Industrial visit ......................................................................................... 4

9.0 Mode of delivery and instruction materials ............................................................................................ 4

10.0 Course Units Structure .......................................................................................................................... 5

11.0 COURSE UNITS DETAILS ................................................................................................................ 7

Course Unit Title: GT 01: Petrology and Geological Mapping ............................................................ 7

Course Unit Title: GT 02: Geophysical Exploration Methods ............................................................. 9

Course Unit Title: GT 03: Geochemistry of Geothermal Systems ..................................................... 10

Course Unit Title: GT 04: Fundamentals of Drilling Technology ...................................................... 11

Course Unit Title: GT 05: Heat flow Patterns and Thermodynamics ................................................. 12

of Geothermal Systems............................................................................. 12

Course Unit Title: GT 06: Heat Flow Measurements of Geothermal Steam Fields ........................... 14

Course Unit Title: GT 07: Fundamentals of Measurement and Process Control................................ 15

Course Unit Title: GT 08: Geothermal Reservoir Management ......................................................... 17

Course Unit Title: GT 09: Geothermal Power Plant ........................................................................... 18

Course Unit Title: GT 10: Geothermal Energy Utilization and Conversion ...................................... 19

ii Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Course Unit Title: GT 11: Environmental Impact and Assessment ................................................... 20

Course Unit Title: GT 12: Geothermal Economics, Project Management ........................................ 21

and Funding of geothermal development ............................................... 21

Course Unit Title: GT 13: Field Excursion and Power Plant Visit ................................................... 23

Appendix 1: Proposed Program Time Table .......................................................................................... 24

1 Faculty of Engineering and Technology

1.0 Introduction

The demand for energy resource that is environmental friendly, particularly geothermal energy

has been on the increase in the past decades. Geoscientists have continued to play a noble role in

unveiling prospective terrains for this energy resource. Adequate knowledge and technical skills

concerning geological settings and exploration techniques is paramount in unveiling geothermal

resources. Furthermore, comprehensive development of this resource requires well trained

manpower to address effective management of geothermal reservoir and environmental impact

caused, amongst other constraints. It is on this basis that this short program has been developed.

The program is intended to upgrade technical skills necessary for optimal harnessing of

geothermal resources so as to meet electrical power demand by the nation. Developing such

short programs is in line with the vision and mission of the Jomo Kenyatta university of

Agriculture and Technology.

The program consists of 13 course units which will be offered in a total of 41 modules. The

delivery will be reinforced by learning sessions in which audio vision aids will be used to

simulated realities of the geothermal industry. Furthermore, discussion forums and an academic

visit to geothermal sites and a geothermal power plant have been factored in the program. The

visits, when accomplished, will enable learners to cement the realities of concepts acquired at the

leaning center. The developed program will be able to achieve its goals by the end of 4 weeks

thereby covering 146 contact hours for the participants. Targeted learners for the program are

workers in the geothermal industry. On successful completion of the program, each participating

worker will be awarded a certificate for skills appraisal which will enhance curriculum vitae of

the worker thereafter.

1.1 Vision and Mission of the University

1.1.1 Vision

To achieve global excellence in Training, Research and Innovation for development.

1.1.2 Mission

To offer accessible quality training, research and innovation in order to produce leaders in the

fields of Agriculture, Engineering, Technology, Enterprise development, Built Environment,

Health sciences, Social sciences and other applied sciences to suit the needs of a dynamic world.

1.2 Program Purpose

This concise academic program has been developed by the Department of Mining, Materials and

Petroleum Engineering. It is intended to provide adequate knowledge and practical skills to

enhance effective delivery of resource persons in the geothermal energy sub-sector.


1.3 Program Philosophy

This program is an academic train loaded with knowledge, technical skills and positive attitudes

necessary for exploring, harnessing and managing geothermal resources to meet the demand by

our economy for renewable energy.

2.0 Target Groups and Justification

2.1 Target Groups

Workers in geothermal industry who are enlisted as technicians and have an academic

background in line with sub-section 6.0.

2.2 Justification

Economic development of a country becomes sound when there is adequate supply of electrical

energy to all sectors. It is preferred that the energy supplied be friendly to the environment, a

preference that geothermal power fits well. Thus, upgrading skills for workers in geothermal

energy sub-sector to enable the workers perform exemplary in very much in order. This

program precisely addresses this perception in fulfillment of the vision and mission of the

university. Furthermore, upgrading technical skills for workers in the industry is in line with the

university’s contribution towards the country’s goals for vision 2030 and beyond. The program

has been designed to equip the learners with relevant technical knowledge and managerial skills

that are essential for competent delivery on the geothermal power platform. Weighting and

mode of teaching of the units to be covered will be in line with the expectations of the academic

policy of the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology. Indeed, contact hours

for the units of the program are as follows:

Cluster No. of Units Contact Hours Percentage Contact Hour

Geological Sciences 3 28 19.18

Engineering Sciences 7 48 32.88

Complementary Studies 2 20 13.70

Discussions - 12 8.22

Slides/Video shows - 12 8.22

Industrial/Site visit 1 16 10.95

Report writing and

submission 1 10 6.85

TOTAL 13 146 100


3.0 Program Objectives This short program in geothermal resources was developed to enable a participant;

1. Be equipped with knowledge and technical skills that are necessary for understanding

distribution of geothermal energy resources based on controls of plate tectonics, geologic

structures, and rock types of volcanic mode of formation,

2. Understand classification of geothermal systems that is done according to temperature,

modes of heat flow, and geologic setting,

3. Gain an understanding of modern techniques used to explore, evaluate, and develop

geothermal resources,

4. Develop skills applicable to effective management of geothermal investments considering

various factors particularly, geological suitability, economic viability and environmental

impact to be caused by the investment,

4.0 Expected General Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of the program, the participant will be able to:

1. Characterize geologic settings of geothermal resources by making use of knowledge learned

on plate tectonics, rock types, and geologic structures,

2. Classify geothermal systems according to modes of heat flow while capturing, conductive

and type of heat source,

3. Demonstrate an understanding of geological, geochemical, and geophysical techniques that

are used to identify geothermal potential geological terrains,

4. Conduct studies on existing geothermal investments to understand their geotectonic settings

and economic performance as well as mitigation measures put in place due to environmental

impact issues.

5. Practice effective management of natural resources with emphasis on geothermal investments

if given an opportunity to apply the learned managerial skills.

5.0 Duration and Pattern of the Program

The program will be offered in a duration of Four (4) weeks.

6.0 Entry Requirements

Workers in geothermal energy sub-sector who have at least secondary school level of education

up to form Four (4) will be eligible for the program.

7.0 General Regulations

The academic policy of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology shall apply.


8.0 Use of Audio-visual Aids and Industrial visit

(a) Sessions for Slide /Video shows:

(i) To bring real activities of the field and geothermal industry to a classroom environment,

(ii) To utilize the power of audio-visual teaching aids in imparting knowledge to learners,

(ii) Enable participants appreciate wonders of nature and ongoing industrial processes without

being physically on geological sites or industrial scenes captured.

(b) Industrial/Site visit:

(i) To enable participants confirm application of theoretical concepts learned to real practice in

the industry, particularly on energy conversion and production processes,

(ii) To enable participants confirm field existence of geological features, structures and natural

resources with a bias towards visiting sites of natural waters of low enthalpy and geothermal

power plant.

9.0 Mode of delivery and instruction materials

Departmental lecturers and invited professionals will adopt one or a combination of any of the

following methods with preference to use of power point presentations:

Mode of delivery Instruction materials

Lectures Handouts in form of hard and soft copies

Assigned reading of relevant materials Power point presentation on screens

Audio- visual presentations Overhead projector presentations,

Group discussions Audio-visual presentation on screens and speakers


10.0 Course Units Structure

Course Unit Title Module Title Time (Hrs)

GT 01: Petrology and

Geological Mapping

GT 01/M1: Mineral Physical Properties 2

GT 01/M2: Rock Types and Textures 2

GT 01/M3: Hydrothermal alteration 2

GT 01/M4: Plate tectonics and Volcanology 2

GT 01/M5: Structural geology and

Geothermal Activity 4

GT 01/M6: Types of Geothermal systems 2

GT 01/M7: Geological mapping and Tools 2

GT 02: Geophysical Exploration

Methods

GT 02/M1: Overview of geophysical

exploration methods 2

GT 02/M2: General exploration strategy 4

GT 03: Geochemistry of

Geothermal Systems

GT 03/M1: General considerations 2

GT 03/M2: Exploration using Soil

Geochemistry 4

GT 04: Fundamentals of Drilling

Technology

GT 04/M1: Rotary drilling and Drilling

Fluids 2

GT 04/M2: Casing and Cementation 4

GT 05: Heat Flow and

Thermodynamics of

Geothermal Resources

GT 05/M1: Geology and heat architecture

of Earth’s interior 2

GT 05/M2: Controls on subsurface flow

of geothermal fluids 2

GT 05/M3: Concepts of Thermodynamics 2

GT 05/M4: Physiochemical properties

and Wall rock alterations 2

GT 06: Heat Flow

Measurements of

Geothermal Steam Fields

GT 06/M1: Overview of heat generation 2

GT 06/M2: Heat flow measurements 4

GT 07: Fundamentals of

Measurements and

Process Control

GT 07/M1: Measurement systems 6

GT 07/M2: Process control 6

GT 08: Geothermal Reservoir

Management

GT 08/M1: Management Aspects 2

GT 08/M2: Monitoring of Geothermal

Activities 2


Course Unit Title Module Title Time

(Hrs)

GT 09: Geothermal Power plant

GT 09/M1: Components of Power

Generation System 2

GT 09/M2: Power Generation Technical

Concerns 4

GT 10: Geothermal Energy

Utilization

GT 10/M1: General aspects of utilization 2

GT 10/M2: Consumers of geothermal

energy 2

GT 10/M3: Geothermal energy

conversion system 2

GT 11: Environmental Impact

and Assessment

GT 11/M1: Environmental considerations 2

GT 11/M2: Environmental Impact 2

GT 12: Geothermal Economics, Project

management, and funding of

geothermal development

GT 12/M1: Nature and scope of economics 2

GT 12/M2: Project Scope 2

GT 12/M3: Project Analysis 2

GT 12/M4: Project management Principles 2

GT 12/M5: Geothermal Project cost

and financing 2

GT 12/M6: Planning and management of

geothermal projects phases 2

GT 12/M7: Project handover, closeout

and reviews 2

GT 12/M8: Project Funding 2

GT 13: Field Excursion and Power

Plant Visit

GT 13/F1 - Fieldwork Practice 8

GT 13/F2 - Power Plant Visit 8

GT 13/L1 - Report writing 10

Complementary Sessions

Slides/Video Shows 6 no. 2hrs/session 12

Discussion 6 no. 2hrs/session 12

TOTAL 146


11.0 COURSE UNITS DETAILS

Course Unit Title: GT 01: Petrology and Geological Mapping

Contact Time: 16 Hours

Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip a participant with knowledge for distinguishing rocks based

on textural properties and physical properties of minerals that are dominant in rocks dealt with.

The participant will also be able to appreciate the significance of knowing natural features that

indicate occurrence of geothermal activities for the purpose of identifying suitable sites to be

investigated in details.

Expected learning outcomes

At the end of this course unit the participant should be able to:

a) Describe physical properties of rock forming minerals that influence textural and

petrophysical characteristics of rocks in which the minerals are dominant,

b) Describe common rock types based on textural properties as seen in hand specimens with

emphasis on igneous rock formations,

c) Describe features caused by hydrothermal alterations while focusing on effects of low

enthalpy waters in a geothermal environment,

d) Explain magmatic processes that occur at plate boundaries while focusing on types of

volcanic centers that are generated,

e) Describe geological structures that are associated with movement of geothermal fluids while

capturing features that manifest geothermal activities in the field,

f) Describe the thermodynamics of geothermal systems based on structural controls, mode of

formation and source of heating,

g) Explain procedures used to geologically map proposed geothermal sites while capturing

mapping techniques, data collection interpretation and reporting procedures. Course description

Module 1: GT 01/M2: Mineral Physical Properties

Typical rock forming minerals

Physical properties of major rock forming minerals

Module 2: GT 01/M1: Rock Types and Textures

Igneous Rocks: Formation, textural characteristics

Sedimentary rocks: Formation, textural characteristics

Metamorphic: Formation, textural characteristics

Module 3: GT 01/M3: Hydrothermal alteration

Primary and secondary minerals

Mineral paragenesis and geothermometers

Module 4: GT 01/M4: Plate tectonics and Volcanology:

Structure of the earth

Plate boundaries: convergent, divergent, shear and features associated with each

boundary.

Types of eruptions and volcanic centers


Module 5: GT 01/M5: Structural geology and Geothermal Activity

Structural controls and fluid flux

Recharge mechanisms

Geothermal manifestations and their relationship with geological structures

Module 6: GT 06/M6: Types of Geothermal systems

Structurally controlled: volcanic systems, sedimentary systems and Enhanced

Geothermal Systems (EGS).

Heat content: Low enthalpy, medium and high enthalpy systems.

Module 7: GT 07/M7: Geological mapping and Tools

Planning of field work, mapping tools,

mapping techniques, sample collection,

Interpretation of field data, Reporting.

Recommended Textbooks for reading

1) Hubbard, J. (2016). Plate tectonics: The engine inside the Earth, Volume 3, 78 p, Published

by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, ISBN-13: 978-1535554169.

2) Molnar, P. (2015). Plate Tectonics: A Very Short Introduction: Very Short Introductions, 1st

Edition, 152 p, Published by Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0198728269.

3) Iddings, J.P. (2012). Igneous Rocks: Composition, Texture and Classification, Description

and Occurrence, Volume 2, 804 p, Published by Ulan Press, ASIN: B009Q3Y8PK.

4) Raymond, L.A. (2007). Petrology: The Study of Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic

Rocks, 2nd Edition736 p Published by Waveland Pr. Inc., ISBN-13: 978-1577665205.

5) Fagents, S.A. & Gregg T. K. P.(2013). Modeling Volcanic Processes: The Physics and

Mathematics of Volcanism, Published by Cambridge University Press, 431 p,

ISBN-13: 978-0521895439.

6) Lionel, W.,& Parfitt, .L.(2008). Fundamentals of Physical Volcanology, 1st Edition, 252 p,

Published by Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN-13: 000-0632054433.

7) Heiken, G., Wohletz, K.(1992). Volcanology and Geothermal Energy 450 p, Published by

University of California Press, ISBN-13: 978-0520079144.

8) Frisch, W, Meschede, M, Blakey, R.C. (2010). Plate Tectonics: Continental Drift and

Mountain Building, Published by Springer, 212p, ISBN-13: 978-3540765035.

9) Haussühl, S. (2007). Physical Properties of Crystals: An Introduction, 1st Edition, 453 p,

Published by Wiley-VCH, ISBN-13: 978-3527405435.

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Joseph+Paxson+Iddings&search-alias=books&text=Joseph+Paxson+Iddings&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/Loren-A.-Raymond/e/B001H6L4LU/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Liz+Parfitt&search-alias=books&text=Liz+Parfitt&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Grant+Heiken&search-alias=books&text=Grant+Heiken&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/Kenneth-Wohletz/e/B001HP8NDI/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/Wolfgang-Frisch/e/B0034Q2HQ2/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Martin+Meschede&search-alias=books&text=Martin+Meschede&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_3?ie=UTF8&field-author=Ronald+C.+Blakey&search-alias=books&text=Ronald+C.+Blakey&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Siegfried+Hauss%C3%BChl&search-alias=books&text=Siegfried+Hauss%C3%BChl&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 02: Geophysical Exploration Methods Contact Time: 6 Hours Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to provide the participant with knowledge and skills that are applied

in geophysical exploration of sites that are potential for geothermal resources. The participant

will also be able to appreciate the important role of geophysical techniques in geological

interpretation of a site that could be economically viable which then aids in design of drilling

systems. Expected learning outcomes


a) Demonstrate an understanding of concepts in geophysics that are currently applied in

exploration of geothermal prospects with emphasis on gravity, magnetic, electro-magnetics

and seismic for determination of selected phenomena,

b) Describe geophysical anomalies for selected geophysical survey techniques that apply to

geothermal prospecting,

c) Interpret basic geotechnical structures for surveyed strata of a geothermal prospect based on

geophysical results obtained from existing geothermal establishments.

Course description Module 1: GT 02/M1 - Overview of geophysical exploration methods

Gravity, magnetics, geo-electrics for Schlumberger arrays, magnetotellurics, including controlled

source auto-frequency Magneto-Tellurics and transient electo-magnetics, Self-Potential, micro-

seismics.

Module 2: GT 02/M2 - General exploration strategy

Reconnaissance survey, detailed survey, development. Geophysical anomalies: Gross structure,

resistivity and magnetic property of cap rocks, density of magmatic heat sources, thermal fluid

flow, Geophysical information for existing geothermal investments.


1) Zhou, H.W.(2014). Practical Seismic Data Analysis, 1st Edition, 496 p, Published by

Cambridge University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0521199100.

2) Alekseev D.Kaufman, A.A. ,& Oristaglio M.(2014). Principles of Electromagnetic Methods

in Surface Geophysics, Volume 45 : Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics, 1st

Edition, 794 p, Published by Elsevier, ISBN-13: 978-0444538291.

3) Hinze, W. J. , Saad A. H.,&Von Frese R.R. B. (2013). Gravity and Magnetic Exploration:

Principles, Practices, and Applications, 1st Edition, 525 p, Published by Cambridge

University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0521871013.

4) Lowrie, W.(2011). A Student's Guide to Geophysical Equations, 1st Edition, 291 p Published

by Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13: 978-0521183772.

5) Herndon, J. M.(2012). Origin of the Geomagnetic Field: Consequence of Earth's Early

Formation as a Jupiter-Like Gas Giant, 57 p, Published by Thinker Media, Inc.,

ASIN: B007AL059S.

http://www.amazon.com/Hua-Wei-Zhou/e/B00FCLT2ZQ/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Dimitry+Alekseev&search-alias=books&text=Dimitry+Alekseev&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Alex+A.+Kaufman&search-alias=books&text=Alex+A.+Kaufman&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/Michael-Oristaglio/e/B002BOJ1FS/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_3

http://www.amazon.com/William-Lowrie/e/B001HMTOCA/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&field-author=J.%20Marvin%20Herndon&search-alias=books&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 03: Geochemistry of Geothermal Systems

Contact Time: 6 Hours Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip the participant with knowledge in understanding the

occurrence of different geochemical elements in geothermal fluids that pose danger to steam

piping systems and environmental health thereby requiring their prompt extraction. The

participant will also be able to appreciate the role of geochemistry in identification of hazardous

elements in natural fluids thereby requiring mitigation measures to be incorporated at project

planning stage. Expected learning outcomes


a) Explain the procedures used to determine typical chemical constituents found in geothermal

fluids while addressing distribution of the constituents and effects the constituents pose to the

fluids in which they are dominant,

b) Explain the presence of geothermal constituents as an indication of possible geothermal

potential for a terrain based on analytical results obtained from soil geochemistry, gas

thermometry and vapor contaminants,

c) Interpret geochemical data for developed geothermal prospects focusing on geochemistry of

the fluids, surface manifestations that were encountered and corrosive processes in action.

Course description Module 1: GT 03/M1 - General considerations

Typical associated chemical elements, sampling techniques, analytical methods. Geothermal

systems: compositional source, distribution of geothermal fluids, effects of boiling, mixing and

condensation to the composition of water, reservoir condition, behaviour of gas and stable

isotope in geothermal systems,

Module 2: GT 03/M2 - Exploration using soil geochemistry

Assessment of scaling formation, corrosivity in production pipes. Geothermal system gasses:

CO2, H2, He, Ar, etc., occurrences, application in a geothermal system, Gas geothermometry;

source of geothermal fluids as assessed from gas content. Vapor dominated geothermal system.

Geochemical information for existing geothermal investments. Recommended Textbooks for reading

1) White, W. M.(2013). Geochemistry, 1st Edition 668p, Published by Wiley-Blackwell,

ISBN-13: 978-0470656686.

2) Misra, K. C.(2012). Introduction to Geochemistry: Principles and Applications, 1st Edition,

452 p, Published by Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN-13: 978-1405121422.

3) Nicholson, K.(2011). Geothermal Fluids: Chemistry and Exploration Techniques, 263 p,

Published by Springer, ISBN-13: 978-3642778469.

4) Albarede, F.(2009). Geochemistry: An introduction, 543 p, 2nd Edition, 355 p, Published by

Cambridge University press, ISBN-13: 978-0521706933.

http://www.amazon.com/William-M.-White/e/B00DXLDLHW/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/Kula-C.-Misra/e/B001KMLBMS/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Keith+Nicholson&search-alias=books&text=Keith+Nicholson&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 04: Fundamentals of Drilling Technology

Contact Time: 6 Hours Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to provide a participant with technical knowledge for understanding

of the working of geothermal drilling systems with emphasis on rotary system, drilling fluids

used, and engineering aspects for casing design, and cementation that leads to drilling

completion. The participant will also be able to appreciate the importance of implementing

drilling designs that factor in geotechnical and engineering constraints for optimal performance.



a) Describe operations involved in circulating fluids and mud in Rotary drilling works,

b) Describe casing and cementation technique as applied to drilling while capturing associated

field problems and interaction of hydrothermal fluids with pipe materials,

c) Demonstrate an understanding of typical cases of developed geothermal drilling projects that

utilize rotary drilling technology and allied instrumentation. Course description Module 1: GT 04/M1 - Rotary drilling and Drilling Fluids

Rotary drilling: Rotary drilling equipment, equipment operation, precautions, core recovery and

preservation, transportation, storage. Drilling Fluids: Drilling fluid, Functions, Types,

compositions, Properties of mud, Field test, Rheology, Additives and contamination, Selection of

drilling fluids and mud, Conditioning equipment, Module 2: GT 04/M2 - Casing and Cementation

Casing: Functions, types, API grades properties of casing, Threads and couplings, Functions,

classification of cement, Strength retrogenion, Cement: Cement additives, Methods of

cementation, Equipment accessories, Field problems pertaining to cementation job, interaction of

hydrothermal fluids with drilling pipes. Recommended Textbooks and journals for reading

1) Australian Drilling Industry Training Committee Limited.(2015). Drilling: The Manual of

Methods, Applications, and Management, 2nd Edition, 800 p, Published by CRC Press,

ISBN-13: 978-1439814208.

2) Byrom, T.G.(2014). Casing and Liners for Drilling and Completion: Design and Application

2nd Edition, 438 p, Published by Gulf Professional PublishingISBN-13: 978-0128005705.

3) Caenn, R., Darley, H.C.H., Gray G.(2011). Composition and Properties of Drilling and

Completion Fluids, 6th Edition, 720 p, Published by Gulf Professional Publishing,

ISBN-13: 978-0123838582..

4) Guo B., & Liu G. (2011). Applied Drilling Circulation Systems: Hydraulics, Calculations

and Models, 1st Edin, 272 p, Publ.by Gulf Professional Publishing,

ISBN-13: 978-0123819574.

5) International Journal of Geotechnical and Geological Engineering.

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Australian+Drilling+Industry+Training+Committee+Limited&search-alias=books&text=Australian+Drilling+Industry+Training+Committee+Limited&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/Ryen-Caenn/e/B007VXD08I/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=HCH+Darley&search-alias=books&text=HCH+Darley&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_3?ie=UTF8&field-author=George+R.+Gray&search-alias=books&text=George+R.+Gray&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Boyun+Guo++PhD&search-alias=books&text=Boyun+Guo++PhD&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Gefei+Liu&search-alias=books&text=Gefei+Liu&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 05: Heat flow Patterns and Thermodynamics

of Geothermal Systems


Course unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to provide a participant with knowledge for understanding heat flow

patterns that develops in a geothermal reservoir based on thermodynamics concepts. The

participant will also be able to appreciate the significant role of heat flow patterns in effective

management of reservoir parameters.



a) Describe heat flow patterns using heat transfer concepts that apply to architecture of the

earth considering composition and discontinuity structures present in different geological

settings,

b) Describe geological structures that influence the distribution of heat regimes in different rock

types,

c) Describe controls that affect subsurface flow of geothermal fluids capturing geotechnical

parameters inherent in the host rocks constituting a geothermal terrain.

d) Demonstrate an understanding of essential thermodynamic laws that apply to physical

behaviour of matter,

e) Determine thermodynamic parameters that apply to production of geothermal fluids

considering physical and chemical properties of low enthalpy fluids,

f) Explain effects of steam interaction with wall rocks of geothermal terrains and depositional

compounds generated based on thermodynamic concepts

Course description

Module 1: GT 05/M1- Geology and heat architecture of Earth’s interior

Heat of the earth’s interior: Earth’s compositional physical makeup, sources of heat, heat transfer

methods, Rayleigh number, and impact on surface heat flow distribution, Geologic controls on

heat energy; Rock types, geological structures, structural Influence on the distribution and types

of geothermal resources.

Module 2: GT 05/M2- Controls on subsurface flow of geothermal fluids Roles of primary and secondary porosity, permeability, Influence of rock types and structures on

porosity and permeability. Power output as a function of mass flow rate and heat content of

geothermal fluid.

Module 3: GT 05/M3- Concepts of Thermodynamics

Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics, Reversible and irreversible processes, Second law of

thermodynamics and entropy, Thermodynamic temperature, Entropy change in reversible and

irreversible processes, Thermodynamic potentials, Enthalpy, Phase Rule, Convection,

Conduction, Geothermal Gradients.


Module 4: GT 05/M4- Physiochemical properties and Wall rock alterations

Physical and chemical characteristics of geothermal systems; Essential thermodynamic concepts,

Thermodynamic considerations of water and fluid chemistry, Wall rock alterations; mineral

deposition associated with liquid and vapor-dominated geothermal systems, Typical geothermal

resources exhibiting effects of thermodynamics.


1) Hein, P., Kolditz, O., Shao, H., & Sachse, A. (2016). Geoenergy Modeling II: Shallow

Geothermal Systems, 1st Edition, 90 p, Published by Springer, ISBN-13: 978-3319450551

2) Toth, A., & Bobok E.(2016). Flow and Heat Transfer in Geothermal Systems: Basic

Equations for Describing and Modelling Geothermal Phenomena... 352 p, Published

by Elsevier, ISBN-13: 978-0128002773

3) Pasquale, V., & Verdoya, M. (2013). Geothermics: Heat Flow in the Lithosphere,119 p,

Published by Springer, ISBN-13: 978-3319025100

4) Diersch, H.J. (2013). FEFLOW: Finite Element Modeling of Flow, Mass and Heat Transport

in Porous and Fractured Media, 996 p, Published by Springer; 2014 edition

ISBN-13: 978-3642387388

5) Jaupart, C., & Mareschal J.C.(2010). Heat Generation and Transport in the Earth, 1st

Edition, 476 p, Published by Cambridge University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0521894883

6) Boettne, R, D.D., Moran M. J., & Shapiro H.N. (2014). Fundamentals of Engineering

Thermodynamics, 8th Edition, 1056 p, Published by Wiley, ISBN-13: 978-1118412930.

7) Shankar, R. (2013). Fundamentals of Physics: Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics,

464p, Published by Yale University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0300192209.

8) Skobel, D.V. (2012). Experimental Physics: Methods and Apparatus: The Lebedev Physics

Institute Series, Vol. 40. 189 p, Published by Springer, ISBN-13: 978-1468406757.

9) Atkins, P. (2010). The Laws of Thermodynamics: A Very Short Introduction120 p, Published

by Oxford University Press, ISBN-13: 978-0199572199.

10) Pauli, W. (2010). Thermodynamics and the Kinetic Theory of Gases: Volume 3 of Pauli

Lectures on Physics, 160 p, Published by Dover Publications, ISBN-13: 978-0486414614.

https://www.amazon.com/Claude-Jaupart/e/B00411C58E/ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_5?qid=1473671960&sr=1-5

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Course Unit Title: GT 06: Heat Flow Measurements of Geothermal Steam Fields

Contact Time: 6 Hours Course unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip a participant with technical knowledge for understanding

methods that are used to measure temperature of a geothermal reservoir during exploration and

during power production stages. The participant will also be able to appreciate the significant

role of temperature measurement methods that yield data which is incorporated in reservoir

management for optimum performance in the competitive business world of green energy

exploration and development. Expected learning outcomes


a) Describe the geothermics petrographic parameters that affect temperature status of a

geothermal reservoir considering the earth’s interior structure and thermodynamics qualifiers

of heat flow,

b) Demonstrate an understanding of methods used to measure heat flow in a geothermal

reservoir during site investigation and exploitation stages. Course description Module 1: GT 06/M1 - Overview of heat generation

Thermal structure of the earth, basic theory of heat flow in shallow earth, Geothermics

petrographic parameters; thermal conductivity, heat capacity and radiogenic heat productivity,

Enthalpy systems; low, intermediate, high

Module 2: GT 06/M2 - Heat flow measurements

Geophysical methods for survey stage: Thermal methods; Conduction, Convection,

Radiation, Electrical resistivity methods: Affecting parameters; porosity, temperature, Rock

alteration ,saturation, salinity, lithostatic and fluid pressure, Dc methods; Schlumberger

sounding, Dipole sounding or profiling, Head-on profiling, TEMP method, TM method, SP

method, Wellbore methods: concepts; Heat Flux Vector, Conservation Equation, well bore

flow influx sensors. Recommended textbook and proceedings for reading 1. Árnason, 2007: Geothermal exploration and development of the Hengill high-temperature

field (presentation). In: Georgsson, L.S., Holm, D.H., Simiyu, S.M., Ofwona, C., Short

course II on surface exploration for geothermal resources. UNU-GTP & KenGen, Naivasha,

Kenya, UNU-GTP CD SC-05, 29 pp.

2. Yasukawa, K., Ishido, T., and Kajiwara, T., 2005: Geothermal reservoir characterization by

SP monitoring. Proceedings of the World Geothermal Congress 2005, Antalya, Turkey, 8 pp

3. Ganbat, E. 2004: Geothermal investigations at the Ásgardur farm, Reykholtsdalur, W-

Iceland. Report 6 in: Geothermal training in Iceland 2004. UNU-GTP, Iceland, 83-98.

4. Árnason, K., Karlsdóttir, R., Eysteinsson, H., Flóvenz, Ó.G., and Gudlaugsson, S.Th., 2000:

The resistivity structure of high-temperature geothermal systems in Iceland. Proceedings of

the World Geothermal Congress 2000, Kyushu-Tohoku, Japan, 923-928.


Course Unit Title: GT 07 Fundamentals of Measurement and Process Control


Course unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to enrich a participant with knowledge and technical skills for

understanding the role of measurement and process control in drilling and extraction of

geothermal fluids. The participant will also be able to appreciate the role of instrumentation in

utilization of physical parameters for controlling reservoir processes when harnessing geothermal

resources.


At the end of this course unit, the participant should be able to;

a) Explain physical parameters that are captured during measuring processes to control the

thermodynamic condition of geothermal reservoirs with emphasis on temperature and

pressure, then describe construction components of a simple typical measurement system that

can be used in a geothermal reservoir,

b) Describe the performance characteristics of a typical geothermal measurement system while

keeping in mind concepts of process control, standard process symbols and allied

illustrations,

c) Explain types of measurement errors that can arise in measurement and control processes

and sources of technical noise in typical measurement systems,

d) Select appropriate techniques and devices for realizing a computer-based measurement

system and evaluate the effectives of the devices selected,

Course description

Module 1: GT 07/M1: Measurement systems

Elements of a measurement system: typical Sensors and actuators; temperature sensors, pressure

sensors, electric motors, and piezoelectric actuators, working principles, Transducers:

temperature transducers, pressure transducers, displacement transducers, Signal processors:

amplifiers/attenuators, linearizers, filters, ADCs and DACs, Performance characteristics:

accuracy, precision, sensitivity, linearity, dead time, rise time, settling time, Measurement errors

and noise: types, sources, mitigation, instrument calibration, measurement validity and

reliability, Measurement systems found in geothermal energy exploration and exploitation:

temperature measurement, pressure measurement, level measurement, flow measurement,

Module 2: GT 07/M2 - Process control

Process control concepts: measuring, comparing, computing and correcting, Computer-based

measurement systems: practical considerations in adding computers to measurement systems,

upscaling or downscaling of raw analogue input and output signals based on use of operational

amplifiers, potentiometers, electromagnetic interference, Control loops: open and closed, Process

control symbols and diagrams: process piping, major equipment items, valves, Process control

systems: programmable logic controllers (PLC) and supervisory control and data acquisition

systems (SCADA).


Recommended textbooks for reading

1. Hughes, T.A. (2015). Measurement and Control Basics, 5th Edition, 409 p, Published by

International Society of Automation, ISBN-13: 978-0876640142Gregory, K. (1999).

Process/Industrial Instruments and Controls Handbook, 5th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education,

ISBN-13: 978-0070125827.

2. Axelsson G. and Stefánsson V., 2003: Sustainable management of geothermal resources.

Proceedings: International Geothermal Conference 2003, Reykjavík, September 2003, 9 p.

ISBN-13: 978-0130222114.

3. Fraser, R. E. (2000). Process Measurement and Control, 211 p, Published by Prentice Hall

Bertani R., 2005: World geothermal power generation in the period 2001–2005.

Geothermics, 34, 651–690. Axelsson.

4. Anderson, N. A., (1997). Instrumentation for Process Measurement and Control, 3rd Edition.

CRC Press, ISBN-13: 978-0849398711.

5. Liptak, B. G., (1995). Instrument Engineers' Handbook: Process Measurement and Analysis,

3rd Edition. CRC Press, ISBN-13: 978-0801981975.

https://www.amazon.com/Thomas-A.-Hughes/e/B001JS6U10/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

https://www.amazon.com/Roy-E.-Fraser/e/B001KD58SK/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1


Course Unit Title: GT 08: Geothermal Reservoir Management


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip a participant with technical knowledge for understanding

principles and processes for effective management of a geothermal plant that guarantees safe and

optimum performance of the plant. The participant will also be able to appreciate the importance

of performance monitoring of a geothermal plant which gives the operators a timely chance to

detect challenges that arise and take necessary corrective measures. Expected learning outcomes


a) Demonstrate an understanding of factors that contribute to effective management of

geothermal reservoirs capturing surface manifestations,

b) Explain performance monitoring as applied to ground water that is associated with

geothermal fluids considering sustenance in productivity of natural resources,

c) Explain monitoring activities undertaken by typical geothermal investments that are currently

in operation on the globe. Course description

Module 1: GT 08/M1 – Management Aspects

Objective of reservoir management, management processes, integrated multidisciplinary team,

database and tools, periodic monitoring of geothermal surface manifestation activities, chemical

monitoring, reservoir performance Module 2: GT 08/M2 - Monitoring of Geothermal Activities

Groundwater monitoring, subsidence and eruptive hydrothermal, monitoring of production well

and hypodermic well, performance monitoring, Management of existing geothermal investments.

Recommended Textbooks and journal for reading

1) Anderson, D.A. (2013). Environmental Economics and Natural Resource Management,

4th Edition, 448 p, Published by Routledge ISBN-13: 978-0415640961.

2) DiPippo, R. (2012). Geothermal Power Plants: Principles, Applications, Case Studies and

Environmental Impact, 3rd Edition, 624 p, Published by Butterworth-Heinemann

ISBN-13: 978-0080982069.

3) Glassley, W.E. (2010). Geothermal Energy: Renewable Energy and the Environment, 320 p,

Published by CRC Press, ISBN-13: 978-1420075700.

4) Ahmed, T., Meehan N. (2011). Advanced Reservoir Management and Engineering,

2nd Edition, 712p, Published by Gulf Professional Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0123855480.

5) Fanchi, J. (2010). Integrated Reservoir Asset Management: Principles and Best Practices,

1st Edition, 376 p, Published by Gulf Professional Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0123820884.

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Course Unit Title: GT 09: Geothermal Power Plant


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to empower a participant with technical knowledge in geothermal

power generating systems that are currently in operation worldwide. The participant will also be

able to appreciate the dynamics of generation of electrical energy from enthalpy water through

energy conversion process.



a) Explain the working principles for typical components of standard geothermal power

conversion systems ,

b) Demonstrate an understanding of technical issues that are related to geothermal power

generation with emphasis on controls that lead to optimal performance at different

temperatures accompanied by high plant efficiency for flashed or binary systems. Course description

Module 1: GT 09/M1 - Components of Power Generation System

Power house equipment, Automatic control and communication system: Cooling system,

Particulate and/or droplet erosion, Heat exchangers, Gas evacuation systems, Re-injection

system, Chemical injection system

Module 2: GT 09/M2 - Power Generation Technical Concerns

Standard geothermal power conversion systems: Flashed steam/dry steam condensing

system,Flashed steam back pressure system,Binary or twin-fluid system, Power demand,

Power plant Efficiency, Effect of resource temperature on the power generation density,

operating practices and troubleshooting, Control systems, Hot Dry Rock, Enhanced Geothermal

Systems, and Deep Hydrothermal Systems, hybrid conversion

Recommended textbooks for Reading

1. Sarkar, D. (2015). Thermal Power Plant: Design and Operation, 1st Edition, 612 p,

Published by Elsevier, ISBN-13: 978-0128015759.

2. Cunniff, G., Egg, J., Orio, C. (2013). Modern Geothermal HVAC Engineering and Control

Applications, 448 p, Published by McGraw-Hill Education, ISBN-13: 978-0071792684.

3. DiPippo, R.(2012).. Geothermal Power Plants, Third Edition: Principles, Applications, Case

Studies and Environmental Impact, 3rd Edition, 624 p, Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann,

ISBN-13: 978-0080982069.

4. DiPippo, R.(2016). Geothermal Power Generation: Developments and Innovation, Published

by Woodhead Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0081003374.

5. King, C.(2013). Thermal Power Plant Cooling: Context and Engineering, 266 p, Published

by ASME Press, ISBN-13: 978-0791860250.

https://www.amazon.com/Jay-Egg/e/B003XQM5BA/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_3?ie=UTF8&text=Carl+Orio&search-alias=books&field-author=Carl+Orio&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 10: Geothermal Energy Utilization and Conversion


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip a participant with knowledge for understanding commercial

aspects of energy utilization with emphasis on categorization of sectors that consume geothermal

energy and conversion mechanisms undertaken at the power plant. The participant will also gain

a positive attitude towards the positive development impact contributed by geothermal energy.



a) Describe different classification schemes of geothermal power plants considering different

uses of geothermal power as a renewable energy,

b) Explain different uses of geothermal energy considering domestic, agricultural and industrial

categories.

c) Explain processes for conversion of geothermal steam energy to electrical power, Course description

Module 1: GT 10/M1 - General aspects of utilization

Introduction: Definitions; Power and energy, units of measurement, Forms of energy: geothermal

energy, energy from fossil fuels, uses, comparison. Classification schemes: genetic, descriptive,

types of geothermal power plants, direct use applications and geo-exchange systems.

Module2: GT 10/M2 – Consumers of geothermal energy

Geothermal energy uses; direct uses of geothermal energy for drying agricultural product,

aquaculture, green house, soil heating and others domestic use of geothermal steam industrial

application, Energy conversion systems; gas extraction system.

Module 3: GT 10/M3 – Geothermal energy conversion system

Energy conversion systems; calculation of power output or steam consumption for power plant

with dry steam cycle, separated steam cycle, single flash cycle.

Recommended Textbooks and journal for reading

1. DiPippo, R.(2015). Geothermal Power Plants: Principles, Applications, Case Studies

andEnvironmental Impact, 4th Edition, 624 p, Published by Butterworth-Heinemann, ISBN-

13: 978-0081002827.

2. Gemelli, A. , Mancini A., Diamantini C., Longhi S.(2013). GIS to Support Cost-effective

Decisions on Renewable Sources: Applications for low temperature geothermal energy:

Springer Briefs in Applied Sciences and Technology, 384 p, Published by SpringerISBN-13:

978-1447150541.

3. Bucher, K., & Stober, I.,.(2013). Geothermal Energy: From Theoretical Models to

Exploration and Development, 291 p, Published by Springer, ISBN-13: 978-3642133510.

4. Huenges, E., & Ledru P.(2010). Geothermal Energy Systems: Exploration, Development,and

Utilization, 1st Edition, 486 p, Published by Wiley-VCH, SBN-13: 978-3527408313.

5. Dickson M.H. ,& Fanelli M.(2005). Geothermal Energy: Utilization and Technology,224 p,

Published by Routledge, ISBN-13: 978-1844071845.

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Course Unit Title: GT 11: Environmental Impact and Assessment


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to provide a participant with knowledge for understanding standard

practices of assessing impact caused to the environment by geothermal activities. The participant

will also be able to appreciate the importance of enforcing environmental protection measures

that guarantees safety to health of geothermal workers.



a) Explain the negative environmental impact caused by agents that are associated with

geothermal resources,

b) Explain the generalize approach to environmental impact assessment considering restoration

and rehabilitation technologies,

c) Describe environmental impact assessment measures put in place by established geothermal

projects as well as mitigation enforcements. Course description Module 1: GT 11/M1 - Environmental considerations

Greenhouse emissions, land use, induced seismicity, groundwater contamination, subsidence,

noise, and animal habitat issues.

Module 2: GT 11/M2 - Environmental Impact

Generalized approach to impact analysis, Guidelines for environmental auditing, Restoration and

rehabilitation technologies, cost-benefit analysis, stakeholder management. Environmental impact

measures for existing geothermal investments.

Recommended Textbooks and journal for reading 1. Bonte, M. (2014). Impacts of Shallow Geothermal Energy on Groundwater Quality

(Kwr Watercycle Research Institute Series, 1st Edition, 144 p, Published by IWA

Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-1780406817.

2. Glassley, W.E. (2014). Geothermal Energy: Renewable Energy and the Environment,

2nd Edition, 423 p, Published by CRC Press, ISBN-13: 978-1482221749.

3. Kerr D. (2014). Hydrogen Sulfide 181 Success Secrets: 181 Most Asked Questions On

Hydrogen Sulfide - What You Need To Know, 196 p, Published by Emereo Publishing

ISBN-13: 978-1488852879.

4. DiPippo, R. (2012). Geothermal Power Plants, Third Edition: Principles, Applications, Case

Studies and Environmental Impact3rd Edition, 624 p, Published by Butterworth-

Heinemann, ISBN-13: 978-0080982069.

5. Warren P. (2011). The Environmental Impact of Geothermal Power: A Case Study of the

Nesjavellir Geothermal Plant in Iceland, 60 p, Published by Lap Lambert Academic

Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-3846557846.

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Course Unit Title: GT 12: Geothermal Economics, Project Management

and Funding of geothermal development


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to equip a participant with knowledge in economics that can enhance

strategic project management skills thereby leading to more funding of ongoing geothermal

investments. The participant will also be able to appreciated the importance of sound planning

and financial controls that guarantee optimal performance of geothermal investments



a) Demonstrate an understanding of economic principles and practices that are applied to ensure

viability of geothermal investments,

b) Explain contractual arrangements and planning activities that are essential for sound

economic performance of geothermal power plants,

c) Carryout an economic analysis of a geothermal business venture considering risks that can

emanate from poor cash flow due to fluctuations in electricity prices,

d) Explain the strategic management techniques that can be applied to ensure that geothermal

projects remain vibrant as scheduled while utilizing available resources and addressing

challenges that can arise having factored in operation project risks,

e) Demonstrate an understanding of integration of financial principles with best practice

methodologies of costing that attracts financial support from investors and stakeholders while

capturing typical examples from best performing geothermal investments on the globe,

f) Explain strategic management techniques that address stages of project operation while

factoring in smart governance, team work and trust so as to achieve success as planned.

g) Demonstrate an understanding of procedures to be adopted for efficient handing over and

closure of a geothermal investment having considered causes for project termination and the

value of lessons learned from the management of the investment when it was vibrant,

h) Demonstrate an understanding of principles and practical issues that can commonly

cause difficulties in commercial and financial negotiations for funding of geothermal projects

in the competitive platform energy sector. Course description Module 1: GT 12/M1- Nature and scope of economics

Economic and non-monetary considerations, Organization in construction industry, Production:

firm analysis, planning, input and output analysis. Module 2: GT 12/M2- Project Scope

Contractual arrangement, regulations, planning of activities, cost for exploration, steam field

development, power plant construction, Module 3: GT 12/M3- Project Analysis


Risk analysis, time schedule, control, economic analysis, revenue analysis, calculation of

electricity price, cash flow.

Module 4: GT 12/M4- Project management Principles Fundamentals of project management, strategic management, planning, scheduling and resource

management, risk management, typical challenges for geothermal project management,

Module 5: GT 12/M5- Geothermal Project costing and financing Financial principles, techniques, and best-practice methodologies of scheduling and cost control,

Worked out examples,

Module 6: GT 12/M6- Planning and management of geothermal projects phases Initial stage, operation stage, business intelligence, project governance, teamwork, and trust.

Module 7: GT 12/M7- Project handover, closeout and reviews Project objectives, and requirements, success, unmitigated disaster, lessons learned, hand over

and closure process. Regardless of the outcome, projects should be closed effectively and

efficiently to preclude any future problems and serve as a lesson to other projects in the future.

Module 8: GT 12/M8- Project Funding

Funding conceptualization, types of credit markets, legal constraints, contractual commitments,

scheduling, sources of project finance; typical commercial, contracts, finance risk assessment.

Recommended Textbooks and journals for reading

1. Keane, , T. (2017). Project Management: Proven Principles in Agile Project Management for

Successful Managers and Businesses (Project Management 101homas 39 p, Published by

Independently published, ISBN-13: 978-1520877136

2. Randal, W.(2014). A Comprehensive Guide to Project Management Schedule and Cost

Control: Methods and Models for Managing the Project Lifecycle (FT Press Project

Management, 1st Edition, 288 p, Published Pearson FT Press, ISBN-13: 978-0133572940

3. Rogers, S., Makonnen R.(2014).Entrepreneurial Finance: Finance and Business Strategies

for the Serious Entrepreneur, 3rd Edition, 416 p, Published by McGraw-Hill,

ISBN-13: 978-0071825399.

4. Yescombe, E. R. (2013). Principles of Project Finance, 2nd edition, 560 p, Published by

Academic Press, ISBN-13: 978-0123910585.

5. Catanach, S.R., & Jones, S. (2013). Principles of Taxation for Business and Investment

planning, 17th Edition, 640 p, Published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin,

ISBN-13: 978-0077862312

6. Anderson, D.A. (2013). Environmental Economics and Natural Resource Management,

4th Edition, 448 p, Published by Routledge, ISBN-13: 978-0415640961.

7. Simkins, B., Simkins R. (2013). Energy Finance and Economics: Analysis and Valuation,

Risk Management, and the Future of Energy, 1st Edition, 624 p, Published by Wiley,

ISBN-13: 978-1118017128.

8. Palham, S. K. (2007) . Managing Projects: Conception, Definition, Planning, Execution,

Closing, Handing over, 96 p, Published byNew Dawn Press (IND), ISBN-13: 978-

1845574352

9. Journal of Economics.

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http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=David+A.+Anderson&search-alias=books&text=David+A.+Anderson&sort=relevancerank

http://www.amazon.com/Betty-Simkins/e/B003VHTI9S/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=Russell+Simkins&search-alias=books&text=Russell+Simkins&sort=relevancerank


Course Unit Title: GT 13 Field Excursion and Power Plant Visit


Course Unit Purpose

This course unit is intended to offer a participant an opportunity of visit sites of geothermal

activities and an active geothermal plant so as to confirm field realities. The participant will also

be able to appreciate the significance of identifying sites of geothermal manifestations that

becomes a precursor to further investigations.


At the end of this course unit, a participant should be able to:

a) Distinguish different geological sites that represent geothermal manifestations and identify

associated geological features and allied elements of environmental concerns,

b) Identify components for the geothermal power plant visited,

c) Carryout selected measurements of operation parameters for an active geothermal plant,

d) Write and submit a technical report for the field excursions made.

Module 1: GT 13/F1 – Geothermal Sites

Hydrothermal minerals, geothermal manifestations, structures, indications of heat sources, rock

types, recharge mechanism, tephrachronology, sequence and chronology of rock emplacement

Module 2: GT 13/F2 - Power Plant Visit

Power plant operation parameters, environmental issues, mitigation measures.

Module 3: GT 13/L1 - Report writing

Conceptual Model: Development of a geological model and interpretation of the models.

Interpretation of field data, report writing.


Appendix 1: Proposed Program Time Table

WEEK 1

TIME SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY

PA

RT

ICIP

AN

TS

AR

RIV

AL

AN

D

BO

OK

ING

8.am -

10.00 am

Opening Ceremony/

Program Overview

GT 01/M3 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 01/M5 RP 2

ROOM _

GT 02/M1 RP 2

ROOM _

GT 03/M1 RP 3

ROOM _

GT 04/M1 RP 4

ROOM _

10.30 am -

12.30 pm

GT 01/M1 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 01/M4 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 01/M6 RP 2

ROOM _

GT 02/M2 RP 2

ROOM _

GT 03/M2 RP 3

ROOM _

2.00 pm -

4.00 pm

GT 01/M2 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 01/M4 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 01/M7 RP 1

ROOM _

GT 02/M2 RP 2

ROOM _

GT 03/M2 RP 3

ROOM _

4.30 pm -

6.00 pm

Slide/Video Show

Discussion Slide/Video

Show

Discussion

WEEK 2


8.am -

10.00 am

GT 04/M2 RP 4

ROOM _

GT 05/M1 RP 5

ROOM _

GT 06/M1 RP 6

ROOM _

GT 07/M1 RP 7

ROOM _

GT 07/M2 RP 7

ROOM _

GT 08/M1 RP 8

ROOM

10.30 am -

12.30 pm

GT 04/M2 RP 4

ROOM _

GT 05/M2 RP 5

ROOM _

GT 06/M2 RP 6

ROOM _

GT 07/M1 RP 7

ROOM _

GT 07/M2 RP 7

ROOM _

2.00 pm -

4.00 pm

GT 05/M1 RP 5

ROOM _

GT 05/M2 RP 5

ROOM _

GT 06/M2 RP 6

ROOM _

GT 07/M1 RP 7

ROOM _

GT 07/M2 RP 7

ROOM _

4.30 pm -

6.00 pm

Discussion Slide/Video Show



WEEK 3


8.am -

10.00 am

GT 08/M2 RP 8

ROOM _

GT 09/M2 RP 9

ROOM _

GT 10/M3 RP 10

ROOM _

GT 12/M1 RP 12

ROOM _

GT 12/M4 RP 12

ROOM _

GT 12/M7 RP 12

ROOM _

10.30 am -

12.30 pm

GT 09/M1 RP 9

ROOM _

GT 10/M1 RP 10

ROOM _

GT 11/M1 RP 11

ROOM _

GT 12/M2 RP 12

ROOM _

GT 12/M5 RP 12

ROOM _

GT 12/M8 RP 12

ROOM _

2.00 pm -

4.00 pm

GT 09/M2 RP 9

ROOM _

GT 10/M2 RP 18

ROOM _

GT 11/M2 RP 11

ROOM _

GT 12/M3 RP 12

ROOM _

GT 12/M6 RP 12

ROOM _

4.30 pm -

6.00 pm



WEEK 4


TR

AV

ELLIN

G T

O T

HE

FIE

LD

DE

PA

RT

UR

E

8.am -

10.00 am

Geo

ther

mal

Sit

es

GT

13/F

1

RP

13

Pow

er P

lan

t V

isit

GT

13/F

2

RP

13

RE

TU

RN

IN

G T

O T

HE

C

EN

TE

R

Report

Writing

GT 13/L1

RP 13

ROOM _

Report

Submission

10.30 am -

12.30 pm

2.00 pm -

4.00 pm

4.30 pm -

6.00 pm

Discussion

Awards/ Closing

Function

KEY

GT 01/M1 to GT 12/M8 -- Module Codes RP 1 to RP 13 -- Resource Persons

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