jorge daniel de melo moura londrina state university...significance of the sector plantation area in...
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Jorge Daniel De Melo Moura
Londrina State University
Significance of the sectorPlantation area in Parana´
695.790 ha yellow pine
157.920 eucalyptus totaling 853.710 ha
Target 2 millions ha in 5 years
Exports - 5% of the total of Paraná (just behind car industry ), totalling US$ 155 million/year
6,6 million m3 logs - 83% from planted forests - 3 million m3 sawn wood
3.700 companies, 75,6% of which saw mills 24,5% processing 38.000 jobs.
Pulp and paper 1.039 .000 ton/year (6,5%) of national production
http://www.ciflorestas.com.br/arquivos/doc_cadeia_parana_26250.pdf
Sylviculture
Yellow Pine (Pinus taeda, Pinus elliottii): Lots of knots and
relatively low mechanical properties
And
Eucalyptus: few knots but high dimensional instability
Species developed essentially for pulp and paper
Historical Yield increment
Eucalyptus 14 in the 70’s up to 38 m3/ha/year after 90’s
Pine 18 in the 70’s up to 33 m3/ha/year after 90’s
Development of native species :
Açoita-cavalo , ANGICO-VERMELHO (Parapiptadenia rigida
Bent. Bren.), ,Cabreúva , CANAFÍSTULA (Peltophorum dubium
(Sprengel) Taubert) ,Canjerana, Caroba, Grápia, Guajuvira, Ipê-
amarelo, Ipê-roxo ,Louro-pardo,Marmeleiro, Pau-marfim, Peroba
,Tarumã, TimbaúvaFonte: http://malinovski.com.br/CongressoFlorestal/Trabalhos/05-Silvicultura/SIL-Artigo-09.pdf
Drying
Humid wood :
Increases transportation cost
Cause dimensional instability
Lower mechanical properties
Low cost kilns
Market demand for dry lumber
Drying operational control needs technical training
Grading
Ungraded timber
NDT – low cost equipments available in the market
Market demanding graded timber
In USA , Canadá , Europe timber presents
grading printed
New Products
Eucalyptus Glulam – Iporanga Pavillion - Mauro Munhoz’ design – ITA constractors
Source: http://www.itaconstrutora.com.br/portfolio-2/
Nail-laminated Timber NLPAn alternative to low income housing – Trussed rafters
source: Recco, E.G. 2015
Internal layer
External layers
Set UpTemplate
JointsAngle cut
Right angle cut
Grouping piecesSame cut
Numbered according to the specimen
Testing aparatus
Cross Laminated Timber
Low added-value timber CLT
Short pieces - Pine
Lumber from Pith (Eucalyptus) low density
Single species panels: Eucalyptus or Pine
Double species panels : eucalyptus/pine /eucalyptus
pine/eucalyptus/pine
Very exciting results – all of them meeting the standards prescriptions
Source: Alencar, J.B-M 2015
Bending tests of CLT panels
Developing Components to wood frame construction
Sealing problems in the interface of the window and the panel for example
Source: Tumelero, G. 2016
Source : tumelero, g. 2016
Residue management
Eucalyptus Bark:
Too acid to leave on the soil
Too harming to be used as chicken beds
Too low energy potential to burn
Wood frame construction companies
http://www.tecverde.com.br/projetos-entregues/
Low income housing unit High standard housing unit
Education
Training of technicians, carpenters and wood workers:
SENAI Wood Institute in Arapongas
Higher education : Universities (7 State Universities+ 2
federal universities+ 3 UTFPR). Architects, civil
engineers, wood technology engineers, electrical
engineers, etc
Training of Teachers : graduate programs
Research
Network collaboration
COLABORATIVE
DESIGN
ZEMCHZERO ENERGY
MASS CUSTOM
HOME
Basic blueprint unit
Possibilities of customization
Possibilities of facades
Variety of the urban landscape
Setting up modules
Shifting of Culture
Spreading Information and training
Sites containing useful updated information about wood construction
sponsored by the industries like:
http://www.awc.org
Or
http://www.cbca-acobrasil.org.br/
FIEP (Paraná State Industry Federation) - Council focused on wood
Smart Housing program
Conclusion Perfect weather for sylviculture
High availability of plantation land
High timber production
Many good native species to develop, better adapted than the imported ones
High industry potential
High Level of Human resources
Lots of housing needs
What do we need?
Investment in education
Investment in Research – partnership between university and private companies
Shifting of culture
Still available
Thank you