Journal of

Thermal Engineering and Applications

(JoTEA)

May - August 2014

eISSN : 2349-8994

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Abdul KhaliqProfessor, Department of Mechanical

Engineering, Delhi Technological University, (formerly

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Engineering Department, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat.

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Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, India.

Om Prakash, ProfessorIndian Institute of Technology,

Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.

P BalachanderAssistant Professor, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, CEG Campus, Anna University, India.

Editorial Board

P R TailorDepartment of Mechanical Engineering S. V. National Institute of Technology,

Surat India.

P. KalaichelviAssociate Professor & Associate Dean-I(Research & Consultancy) Department

of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India.

Ramjee RepakaAssistant Professor School of Mechanical

Materials and Energy Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.

Prosejit DasScientist, CSIR-CMERI &

Assistant Professor, CSIR Durgapur, India.

P SelvakumarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering,

PSN Engineering College, Tirunelveli, India.

Randip DasProfessor and Head of the Department,

Dept. of Mechanical Engg. Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad India.

Satyabhama BhatAssistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka,

Surathkal.

Shailendra Kumar ShuklaAssociate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras

Hindu University, India.

Sitaram NekkantiProfessor Thermal Turbomachines

Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of

Technology, Madras.

Sudip Kumar SamantaPrincipal Scientist NNMT Group &

Coordinator, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute

Durgapur, India.

Tapano Kumar HottaVisiting Assistant Professor, Mechanical

Engineering, Centre of Excellency - Energy, Indian Institute of Technology

Jodhpur (IITJ), India.

I take the privilege to present the print version for the [Volume 1 Issue (2)] of Journal of Thermal

Engineering and Applications. The intension of Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications

is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Thermal

Engineering and Applications.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoTEA provides an outlet for relevant research

findings and reviews in areas of Thermal Sciences found to be relevant for National and

International research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and

research in the domain of thermal sciences.

Finally, I would like to thank Editors and Authors for their continued support and invaluable

contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring. I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to

our Editorial board for providing write ups, reviewing and providing constructive comments for the

advancement of the journals. With their continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to

publish quality Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

1. Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Cross Inserts Having Different Pitch Rectangular Cuts

Selvakumar P, Jeya Prakash D, Ponramsiva R, Ramesh R 1

2. Transient Thermal Analysis of Earth Air Heat Exchanger using CFD for Summer Season Dr. O. P Jakhar, Rajendra Kukana 7

3. Laminar Propagation of Lean-premixed Flames in Meso-scale TubesHamisu Adamu Dandajeh 17

4. Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Mini Channel Heat Sink using Al O /Water Nanofluid2 3

P. Selvakumar, Heric J.S., Jeya Praksh D., Giridharan R., Ashok A., Syed Ahamed S. 29

5. Thermodynamic Design Data of Ammonia-Sodium Thiocyanate Absorption Heat Pump Systems Simultaneous Cooling and Heating using ANN Approach Dheerendra Vikram Singh, Govind Maheshwari 39

ContentsJournal of Thermal Engineering and Applications

JoTEA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online)

Volume 1, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer

Enhancement Using Cross Inserts Having Different Pitch

Rectangular Cuts

Selvakumar P, Jeya Prakash D, Ponramsiva R, Ramesh R Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India-627152

Abstract This work presents experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement using strip

insert with cross configuration having rectangular cut. The heat transfer enhancement

study in a circular copper tube of 10 mm internal diameter is carried out using three

different inserts. The three inserts are of cross configuration with rectangular cuts of different pitches. The heat transfer enhancement in hydro-dynamically developed and

thermally developing fluid region is studied. It is found from the results that the heat

transfer rate has improved while using inserts, because of good mixing of fluid particles inside the tube. It is found from the pressure measurements that little pressure drop is

also associated with the heat transfer enhancement. Three cross inserts have been used

with rectangular cuts of various pitches (15, 20, and 25 mm). Thermal performance factor is determined for the inserts and it is more than one. It is found from the

experiments that pressure drop increases while reducing the pitch of rectangular cuts. It is found from this experiment that the insert having 20 mm pitch shows good thermal and

hydraulic performance.

Keywords: Cross insert, hydro-dynamically developed, thermally developing,

heat transfer enhancement

JoTEA (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online)

Volume 1, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Transient Thermal Analysis of Earth Air Heat Exchanger

using CFD for Summer Season

Dr. O. P Jakhar, Rajendra Kukana*

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt. Engineering College Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

Abstract Energy accumulation in the soil may be used with Earth-Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger

(EATHE), which has single tube or groups of tube buried in the ground (soil). In a

country like India, there exist big gap in demand and supply of electricity and compels to look for alternative. A thermal model was developed to analyze the thermal energy

accumulated in soil/ground for the purpose of room heating and cooling of buildings. In

this paper Thermal performance of Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger (EATHE) under transient operating conditions in summer season has been evaluated for predominantly

hot and dry climate of Bikaner (India) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling. Effect of time duration of continuous operation and thermal conductivity of

soil on thermal performance of EATHE under transient conditions has been analyzed.

EATHE CFD model consist 14.5 m long mild steel, inlet and outlet of PVC 3.5 m depth and 0.1 m diameter with 0.01 m wall thickness. For this analysis two types of soil sandy

and sandy loam soil of Bikaner region has been considered. Cooling effect during summer by EATHE analysis has decrease temperature by 17.8°C for Sandy Soil and

13.8°C for Sandy Loam Soil was at air velocity 9 m/sec.

Keywords: Thermal conductivity, CFD, Temperature, Velocity, Density, Earth Air

Tunnel Heat Exchanger.

JoTEA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online)

Volume 1, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Laminar Propagation of Lean-premixed Flames in

Meso-scale Tubes

Hamisu Adamu Dandajeh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria

Abstract A meso-scale channel was earlier developed [1] for the propagation of laminar lean

premixed flames. This paper, therefore, reports the experimental variations of flame

speed with inner meso-scale tube diameters (di), equivalence ratio (φ), and mixture flow rate (Q) with methane and propane fuels using the meso-scale channel developed earlier.

Based on the flame front history, flame speed (SL) and propagation speed (Ud) were

computed at temperature (T) greater than or equal to 300 K. As the theoretical predictions of flame speed suggested SLt = f(φ, T), the experimental values showed

instead that SLe = f(Q, T). However, flame propagation speed was found to be dependent on all the three parameters – Ud = f(φ, Q, T). It was then deduced that mixture flow rate

(Q) is the dominant factor in predicting SL especially in the range of equivalence ratios of

0.66–0.9. Scaling down the tube diameters was observed to have increasing effect on SL for both fuels but propane was shown to have more flame-front interaction due to its high

Lewis number. Conventional flammability limits were extended.

Keywords: Flame propagation, meso-scale, laminar

JoTEA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online)

Volume 1, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a

Mini Channel Heat Sink using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid

P. Selvakumar*, Heric J.S., Jeya Praksh D., Giridharan R.,

Ashok A., Syed Ahamed S. Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN Engineering College, Tirunelveli 627152, India

Abstract In this present work, experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement using

Al2O3/water nano fluid in a mini channel heat sink is carried out. Efforts have been

undertaken to explore the forced convective heat transfer performance of Al2O3/water

nanofluid having 0.1% volume fraction of Al2O3 as the coolant in a copper mini channel

heat sink. The mini channel heat sink fabricated consists of 15 parallel rectangular mini-

channels of length 50mm with a cross-sectional area of 0.8 mm width by 3mm in height for each mini channel. Hydraulic and thermal performances of the nanofluid cooled mini

channel heat sink have been assessed for mass flow rates 0.003 to 0.02 Kg/s. It is found from the results that the heat transfer rate has improved to a great extent when we add

Al2O3 nano particles to water. The proposed setup of mini channel heat sink gives out the

good results with a gradual increase in heat sink convective heat transfer coefficient and gradual reduction of heat sink temperature against increase in volume flow rates of

Al2O3/water nanofluid.

Keywords: mini channel heat sink, electronic cooling, convective heat transfer

coefficient and Al2O3/water nanofluid

JoTEA (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications ISSN: 2349-8894 (online)

Volume 1, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Thermodynamic Design Data of Ammonia-Sodium

Thiocyanate Absorption Heat Pump Systems

Simultaneous Cooling and Heating using ANN Approach

Dheerendra Vikram Singh1*, Govind Maheshwari

2

1Shri Vaishnav Institute of Technology & Science, Indore, India 2Institute of Engineering & Technology - DAVV, Indore, India

Abstract The aim of this study is to train neural network which predict thermodynamic design data

without involving role of thermodynamic properties, temperature concentration complex

relationship and formula of coefficient of performance. Authors have presented values of weights and bias obtained from the trained ANN through which one can formulate

mathematical equations for predicting thermodynamic design data. Authors have achieved coefficient of multiple determinations R

2 as 0.99999, 0.99997 and 0.99953 for

solution concentration in absorber, generator and enthalpy-based coefficient of

performance respectively which are quite satisfactory to validate ANN approach for this study.

Keywords: Absorption refrigeration system, ANN, thermodynamic design data,

solution concentration, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate