june 13-14, 2006 scanning tour fhwa hard shoulder running (hsr) in the netherlands bert helleman...

june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA

Hard Shoulder Running (HSR) in the Netherlands

Bert HellemanSenior Consultant Smart roads and ATMSAVV Transport Research Centre

june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA 2

• Introduction and background• Design & Lay out • Additional facilities• Innovative instruments

• Research and practice• HSR and incident management

Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlands

Content

june 13-14, 2006





june 13-14, 2006


1994: strong growth congestion and increasing network failures

Traffic policy: maintenance, more efficient use, road widening

1995: Traffic Management Program 1995 – 2000

Traffic management: from experiments to large programme

2003: Traffic management is usual business

2004 - 2007: program ZSM (hard shoulder running) and regional

traffic management (area approach)

Incidental bottlenecks(until ± 1970)

Some structural bottlenecks(1970 - 1985)

‘Overall’ bottlenecks during peak hours (1985 - 1995)

Threat to Network function (today)


Introduction & background

june 13-14, 2006


1994: strong growth congestion and increasing network failures

Traffic policy: maintenance, more efficient use, road widening

1995: Traffic Management Program 1995 – 2000

Traffic management: from experiments to large programme

2003: Traffic management is usual business

2004 - 2007: program ZSM (hard shoulder running) and regional

traffic management (area approach)



june 13-14, 2006


• Improve infrastructure (missing links in road

network)

• Improve utilization (HSR, planning road

works, IM)

• Improve procedures (rush act)

• Improve input from road users (periodic road user

polls)


Main issues of ZSM Program


june 13-14, 2006


HSR and plus lanes (planned) ~ 235 km

ZSM program 2004 – 2007

Zwolle

Arnhem

Eindhoven

Rotterdam

The Hague

Amsterdam

Utrecht

HSR and plus lanes (in use) ~ 150 km



june 13-14, 2006


• flexroad(dynamic cross section)

• plus lane(variable left lane)

• HSR(hard shoulder use)


Introduction & backgroundVariable cross section3 basic concepts

Common practice

Future?

june 13-14, 2006


• Introduction and background

• Design & Lay out of HSR• Additional facilities• HSR and incident management

• Research and practice• Innovative instruments


june 13-14, 2006


• Starting position = Situation outside peak hours

- self explaining standard Motorway cross section

• Adoption of ‘German’ solution:

- Special sign (provision of law)

- Continuous marking line

- Use of VMS-lane signs only during peak hours

(and temporary in case of incidents)

Spitsstrookopen

100

Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsDesign & Lay out of HSR lanes

june 13-14, 2006


PeakOff Peak

Variable lane signs on gantries


june 13-14, 2006


Variable HSR Sign with speed limit

PeakOff Peak


Design & Lay out of HSR lanes

june 13-14, 2006


Off Peak

Peak

Variable route signing of HSR lane at exit


june 13-14, 2006


Off Peak

Peak

Two stage merging to/from link roads


june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA 16Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsDesign & Lay out of HSR lanes

A ride on the A50

june 13-14, 2006


• Introduction and background• Design & Lay out

• Additional facilities• Innovative instruments



june 13-14, 2006


• MTM system (overhead lane signs)

• ERA’s (Emergency Refuge Areas)

• Speed reduction at times of HSR

• Variable Route signs at junctions

• Advanced Incident Detection

• CCTV surveillance

• Incident Management

• Public lighting

Additional facilities


june 13-14, 2006




• Average use 185 / 106 veh.km

• Approx. 90% used as a ‘parking place’ (5% real break down)

• Great impact of distance between refuge areas.

• Very few accidents caused by breakdown vehicles but … - great severity of accidents (2 - 3 times)

- particular at dawn/night conditions (70%)

Source:“Einsatzkriterien für Nothaltebuchten” University Bochum Hanno Bäumer (2002)

German Research on ERA’s (Emergency Refuge Areas)

june 13-14, 2006


Low volume traffic

High volume traffic

Missing eventsFalse alarms Compromise !

Incident detection: Main Objectives


1. Safety prevention of (secondary) accidents (fast protection of breakdown vehicles)

2. Accessibility for emergency services(fast clearing lanes)


june 13-14, 2006


Incident detection: history

Earlier system (dense loop detector system with speed threshold)

- very expensive (about 35% of total costs)

- many false alarms in case of heavy traffic flows (slow moving vehicles)

Present system:

- AID (proven system) and blockade loop detector (optimising)

- Mobile phones 112 (problem: location verification)

Future:

- Testing other (reliable) techniques (some scepticism on video detection)

- New technics e-call (perfect location verification)

Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsAdditional facilities

june 13-14, 2006


1

2

3

4

Loop detectors


Incident detection: road blockade detector

15 – 20 km/u

80 – 120 km/u

Dro

p in t

raffi

c flow

dow

nst

ream

(wit

h c

heck

on d

ow

nst

ream

sp

eed)

• Promising algorithm, now to be tested in real-time• Relies on steady flow, unreliable at low traffic

volumes• Hard shoulder running implies ‘high’ volumes

Alternatives:• Infra red, Video detection• Slow vehicle detection (with or without filtering)have their own drawbacks


june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA 23Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlands

• Introduction and background• Design & Lay out • Additional facilities

• Innovative instruments


june 13-14, 2006


From development ……….... to ………..…. large application

Road user Pilots

Technical tests

DTM projects

From closed ….………. to …………….. open market

A15 (1999)A12 (2001)A44 (2003)TC-AVV (2004)

A50 (HSR)A2 (Lane closure)(2004/2005)

Go

/ no

go

???

To be defined

Prelimenary demands

Requirements

Innovative instruments: dynamic road marking


june 13-14, 2006


Innovative instruments


Dynamic road marking (DRM)

june 13-14, 2006


vluchtstrook

Off peak



Application DRM: flexible HSR exit

june 13-14, 2006


HSR lane

peak



Application DRM: flexible HSR exit

june 13-14, 2006





june 13-14, 2006


Research and Practice

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Rijbaanintensiteit (mvt/u)

Rijs

tro

oka

an

de

el %

links rechts spitsstrook

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Rijbaanintensiteit (mvt/u)

Rijs

troo

kaan

deel

%

left lane middle lane right lanelinks midden rechts

HSR A2 6-lane Motorway

Lane occupation HSR

june 13-14, 2006



Traffic safety

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

A15HSR

A27HSR

A28HSR

A50HSR

A4 Plus A27Plus

Locations with peak hour lanes

Acc

iden

t ri

sc (

acc

/ 10

6 v

ehkm

)

all before

all after

injury before

injury after

Note:

Figures are based on “simple”HSR lanes between two junctions. New HSR lanes will go over junctions and are therefore more complex.

june 13-14, 2006


• Quick scan on every new HSR project - Critical view on design (compliance in off peak)- Possible constrains in IM (accessibility emergency services)- Working processes in TMC (check on protocols)

• National evaluation of ZSM-program - Effects on accessibility- Effects on safety- Evaluation of process (organisation)



Monitoring and evaluation

june 13-14, 2006





june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA 33Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsHSR and Incident management

Organisation & Incident management

• SLA’s (between road manger and emergency authorities)

• Guidelines IM and protocols on HSR lanes (for TMC)

• Calamity schemes (Legislation)

• Central towing turn out

• Key role for TMC (spider in web)

june 13-14, 2006


Practice:

Incident on a HSR section

Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsHSR and Incident management

june 13-14, 2006

Scanning tour FHWA 35Hard Shoulder Running in the Hard Shoulder Running in the NetherlandsNetherlandsHSR and Incident management

Situation: HSR in operation

june 13-14, 2006


incid

ent

Incident occurs: accident on HSR lane


june 13-14, 2006


70

50

50

50

A.I.D.(tailback warning)

incid

ent

70

70

50

50

50

AID system activated (speed drops under 35 km/u)


june 13-14, 2006


50

50

50

50

70

70

70

incid

ent

Red X measure

50

50

Action TMC operator: protection Incident location


june 13-14, 2006


50

50

incid

ent

50

50

70

70

50

50

50

50

50

50

Extended Red X measure

Action TMC operator: clearing HSR lane


june 13-14, 2006


50

50

incid

ent

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

Settlement incident and traffic control by police on location

50

50

70

70

70

Action Emergency vehicles: Acces via HSR lane


june 13-14, 2006


Thanks for your attention !

Any questions ?


june 13-14, 2006 scanning tour fhwa hard shoulder running (hsr) in the netherlands bert helleman...

Documents

hard shoulder running

gantrieshard shoulder

exithard shoulder running

traffic management program

road widening1995

road works

vmslane signs

efficient use