Roberto C. S. PachecoVice Coordinator

Graduate Program on Knowledge Engineering and ManagementUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Brazil

Instituto Stela – Brazil – www.stela.org.br Research Leader

Knowledge Engineering, Electronic Government and the applications to

Scientometrics

II SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE INDICADORES DE CIENCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INNOVACIÓN

Santiago - Chile, 17 enero 2006Sheraton Santiago Hotel.

• The Bibliometrics Universe– Multiple Information Sources: libraries, funding agencies, R&D organizations– Challenges (to bibliometrics, to e-government and to Knowledge Engineering)– The National Innovation System Players (and their needs)

• E-government in ST&I– IT professional background– Information Modeling– Methodology and Technological Architecture– Connecting Information to Strategic Needs

• Knowledge Engineering– Web semantics and ontology– Business Intelligence– Social Network analysis

• Cases– Lattes Platform (Brazil)– ScienTI Network (Latin American Countries and Portugal)– Innovation Portal (Brazil)

• Conclusions

AGENDA

How the source of ST&I information have been formed??

70-80’s 80-90’sPaper Forms Electronic Forms

Relational DB

Full Texts and Bibliometric DB

Multiple source of compatible information

• Researchers inform the same data at the levels of:

– Funding raising– Publication– Institutional relationship

FU

ND

ING

PU

BL

ISH

ING

How the source of ST&I information have been formed??

Main problems• Multiple sources of information• Lack of standards • Multiple efforts in S&T communities• Waste of public funds

ST&I Indicators

Homogeneous sources

Other Sources (ex: Web)

Textual Sources

Relational Data Bases

Questionnaires, Surveys

Heterogeneous sources

Other Sources

Knowledge Engineering can help with legacy and with new eGov Data

Indicators, Studies, Analysis…for Decision Making in all ST&I levels

Textual Sources

Relational Data Bases

HomogenousSources

Questionnaires, Surveys

HeterogenousSources

New Opportunities

ICT y Knowledge Management ICT y Knowledge Management Decision Making, process integration, knowledgeDecision Making, process integration, knowledgemanaging…managing…

ICT y E-government ICT y E-government eGov architectures, public access, user eGov architectures, public access, user involvement (and requirements)…involvement (and requirements)…

ICT New TechnologiesICT New TechnologiesData marts, knowledge extraction (Data marts, knowledge extraction (e.g.e.g., data mining), data mining)textual retrieval, textual generation…textual retrieval, textual generation… New (and not so new) Methodologies New (and not so new) Methodologies (empowered by ICT) (empowered by ICT) Social Network Analysis, Link Analysis, Social Network Analysis, Link Analysis, Trend Analysis…Trend Analysis…

New Opportunities

ICT y Knowledge Management ICT y Knowledge Management Decision Making, process integration, knowledgeDecision Making, process integration, knowledgemanaging…managing…

ICT y E-government ICT y E-government eGov architectures, public access, user eGov architectures, public access, user involvement (and requirements)…involvement (and requirements)…

ICT New TechnologiesICT New TechnologiesData marts, knowledge extraction (Data marts, knowledge extraction (e.g.e.g., data mining), data mining)textual retrieval, textual generation…textual retrieval, textual generation… New (and not so new) Methodologies New (and not so new) Methodologies (empowered by ICT) (empowered by ICT) Social Network Analysis, Link Analysis, Social Network Analysis, Link Analysis, Trend Analysis…Trend Analysis…

• How to deal with the existent sources ?

• How are the trends in information gathering?

• How Knowledge Engineering is useful in both cases?

• In Bibliometrics– Create methodologies, methods and tools– Support all ST&I players (from students to policy makers)– Deal with large amount of data from different sources

• In E-government– Make information gathering a rational process– Establish (and respect) ST&I information standards– Cope with all ST&I players needs

(convince sponsors that they are part of an information network but they are not their center)

– Make ST&I information sources interoperable

• In Knowledge Engineering– Modeling ST&I information as a knowledge base– Discover hidden (and useful) patterns– Improve ST&I by adding value to the decision processes

Some of the Challenges

First Step: To Understand a National Innovation System

Macroeconomic andregulatory context

Education andtraining system

Clu

ster

s of

indu

strie

s

Globalinnovation networks

Reg

iona

lin

nova

tion

syst

ems

National innovationsystem

Communicationinfrastructures

Factor marketconditions

Product marketconditions

COUNTRY PERFORMANCEGrowth, jobs, competitiveness

National innovation capacity

Knowledge generation, diffusion & use

Supportinginstitutions

Sciencesystem

Otherresearchbodies

Firm’scapabilities& networks

University Univers

ity

GovernmentGovern

men

t

Industr

y

Ind

ustry

NIS – National Innovation System ModelFreeman, 1987. Lundvall, 1992 OECD, 1999.

Triple Helix ModelEtzkowitz & Leydesdorff, 2002.

• ICT has impact on all players and sources that matter to ST&I Indicators– Government– S&T Community – Universities and Research Institutes

– Industry– Economy – Legislation

– Intellectual Property– Commerce– Etc…

How did ICTs develop How did ICTs develop inside organizations?inside organizations?

e-Gov IT Professional Background

ICT in the operational basisICT in the operational basis

ICT allows tactic supportICT allows tactic support

90’s90’sICT bringsICT brings

strategic supportstrategic support

ICT as anICT as aninstrument toinstrument to

knowledge eraknowledge era94-hoje94-hoje

60’s - 70’s60’s - 70’s

80’s80’s

OLTP Databases

Data Warehouse

Data Marts

Web

DSSGISEIS

Internet, Intranet, Extranet

New Trends for ICT (knowledge society)

Knowledge ExtractionInteroperabilityCommunities of PracticeElectronic Government

ICT Evolution Regarding the Organizations

InformationSystems

• ICT history and its impact on the vision its professionals have– ICT evolved in a bottom up manner. It begun as supporting operational issues at the organizations. – Only in the last decades ICT professionals have faced the problem of providing strategic information. – ST&I information platforms can suffer the same problems when conceived by pure ICT people: the

information architecture can be designed to support only operational issues. Scientometrics is affected latter by the lack of consistent data.

Web Interoperability

International Standards for S&T Information

National Architectures for S&T Information

Current Characteristics• ICT going to the top of all organizations• ICT in all public agencies• Highly connected (and demanding) society• More and More Interoperability• More and More Standards• A need for a broader view of the role of ICT in

public administration

A New Scene for TIC In Public Organizations

Fundamental Questions to ICT

Who are the players Who are the players involved with ST&Iinvolved with ST&I

How each one of these How each one of these players interact (use and players interact (use and

create information)create information)

Which ST&I processes Which ST&I processes should be consideredshould be considered

ICT is being Applied in all S&T Processes

INVESTIMENTS

In the outputs of a national ST&I system

In the inputs of a national ST&I system

In the processes of a national ST&I system

KNOWLEDGECREATION

MANAGEMENTTRANSACTIONAL

PROCESSES

ICTChallenge

Is to meet all processes and all ST&I players

information needs

Processes and Players: ST&I Knowledge Support, Production, Planning and Benefit

Researchers

Students

Alumni

Grad. coord.Managers

Professionals

Entrepreneurs

Technicians

Faculty

Staff

Managers

Multipliers

Generation supporters

Beneficiaries

Producers

Players Knowledge

• IMPORTANT: The information flow is not linear. Together ST&I players form a complex network of interaction. As a consequence, ST&I information is created, transferred and managed on several levels, views from different repositories.

Textual Databases

Operational Databases

Rules

Managers ProfessionalsStudents New ActorsResearchers

Web Sites, Portals

ST&I Information Architecture Goal

PLAYERS

PROCESSES

INFORMATIONSOURCES

VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES

• IMPORTANT: The most important issue in designing a ST&I information platform is how every player will be attended. Although the sponsor (funding agencies) necessities should be treated first, the platform must aim to transform ST&I players from providers to beneficiaries .

PROJECTPHASE

Requirements

Planning

RelatedProjects Studies

FormingCommunities for

Standards

Development andDeployment

Management andMaintenance

Creating andManaging

Knowledge

Services(e-services)

Interactingwith Users

VirtualCommunities

InformationSources

OPERATIONPHASE

Methodology

Pacheco, 2003

• METHODOLOGY: Perceiving design, development, use and revision as a continuous process is the key to make national platforms constantly growing.

Unit Analysis Definition and Appropriate Information Gathering Instrument

ST&I Contents in ST&I Curriculum• Identification• Addresses• Level of Education• Professional experience• Knowledge fields • Idioms• Prizes and Titles• Projects• Bibliographic production

• Articles, Books, Events, other• Technical production

• patents and not registered• Supervisions• Complementary information

Information Resources• Homepage automatic• CV Indicators• Export to several formats• Easy error verification

• Information Units should be designed considering international standards but also the needs of all players. In the case of CV, for instance, besides evaluation and funding a curricula must provide data to build competence and experience databases.

• Information Systems. The instruments to update information must be friendly used and most important they must make the user’s activity easier (e.g., make their professional profile public).

Standards and Interoperability

Standard Community of Standard Community of practicepractice2000-20042000-2004

Cooperation

• Each ST&I unit of analysis should be defined as a result of collaboration between the different players

• The standards have to be constantly updated to attend new trends and needs

• Interoperability has to be part of the agenda

Standards for ST&I

• Common• European• Research• Information • Format

Dublin Corewww.dublincore.org

SWRC – Semantic Web Research Communitypersons, organizations, publications, projects and topicshttp://ontoware.org

http://lmpl.cnpq.br/lmpl/

Ultimate goal: ST&I web semantics

Standards and interoperability can lead to a point where making knowledge interchange is feasible

Scientometrics can benefit from the facility of making different information sources interchangeable and complementary.

www.eurocris.org

System: Groups

GrupLAC

CvDeGois

CvLattes

CvLAC

DM Cv DM Gr DM Inst DM Proj

DW Investments Demography

Former Students

Searches

CVs Groups Institutions Projects

Primary information sources

Portals

Technological Components

Information Architecture. The Methodology leads to a technological architecture composed by layers. In the basis are the primary information sources and the standards. It is followed by the information systems that update these sources, by the secondary information sources (data warehouse and indexes), by search systems and sites. On the top are the knowledge systems that allow the information exploration.

Is the Information Is the Information useful at strategic useful at strategic

levels?levels?

Dynamic Data Marts :

Indicators for S&T ManagementSpecializedSearches

DM CV

CurriculaPrimary InformationSource

Cv SystemCurriculum Data Mart

SecondaryInformationSource

Information Gathering System

InformationSearch

Information Search and its strategic use. By indexing and searching the primary sources an analyst can discover hidden patterns on the data.

Finding National Competences from Curricula

– Name– Profile

• Description (Free text informed by

users in the CV short version); • Keywords (keyword profile

informed in the CV short version);

– Professional Experiences: • Location

(Institution/Unit/Sub-unit)• Kind of Activity (Taxonomy)• Activity description (free text)• Activity keywords

– Projects• Project Title• Description• Keywords

– Technical and Scientific Production• Title• Keywords• Additional Information• Coauthor’s name

– Academic Degree• Institution• Course Name• Title of the Thesis• Supervisor’s name• Keywords

Search Content(Which Knowledge, Who has it and Where are the experts):

Where to Search. The primary information is transformed and loaded into secondary sources. All sub-units can now be divided into subfields of searching. As a consequence an analyst cab find competences by crossing several criteria (e.g., find experts with project experience in “nanotechnology” who have also taught this subject in graduate courses).

– Identification• by Gender• by Age

– Address• by Institution• by State and Country Region

– Academic Degree• by Institution• by State or Region• by Course field• by Degree• by Period

– Technical and Scientific Production:• by Type, subtype and classification• by Period• by Supervisions (degree and courses)

– Professional Experience• by Institution/Unit/Subunit• by Kind of Employment Relationship• by Job position• by Period• by Kind of Activity (Taxonomy)

– Scientific Context: • By Knowledge Field

– Of the Production– Of the Academic Degree– Of the Knowledge Field

• By Application sector– Of the Production– Of the Academic Degree

Query Criteria:(Knowledge classification, Location, Time and Contextualization):

Searching and Retrieving (How to Query the Search)

Where to Search. The same search can also be focused in particular criteria (e.g., consider only experts working in the South).

Example: Supporting the National Policy on Industry Development

Sem

icond

utores

1238 pessoas

c/ registros

157 inven

tores

Distr ibuição de patentes de semicondutores

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Pesquisadores

% d

o t

ota

l de

pat

ente

s

distribuição de registros

Fárm

acos

2629 pessoas

c/ registros

438 inventores

Dis tr ibui ção de pate ntes de fár macos

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Pesquisadore s

% d

o t

ota

l d

e p

ate

nte

s

Semiconductors• 1.238 people working in the area• 157 (12,6%) have IP• Only 2 researchers have 18% of all IP

Pharmacy• 2.269 people working in the area• 438 (16,7%) have IP• 15% have 50% from the total IP in the area

Strategic use of information. Textual searches can support strategic decisions. In the following there is a national search in Brazil taken in march 2004, when the government had just launched the National Industrial Policy making semiconductors and pharmacy two of the priorities. The search shows the intellectual propriety concentration.

Investments in ST&I

Public Funding AnalysisIndicatorsPortal

DM Projects

ProjectsPrimary InformationSource

Project Form

FundingData Mart

SecondaryInformationSource

Information Gathering System

InformationSearch

Information Analysis and its strategic use. By transforming the primary information into cubes the architecture brings the analyst a large amount of possibilities of cross indicators. An relevant example is related to how to show public investments in ST&I…

Public Funding Analysis

Public Funding Portal. A data mart on the investments dimensions allows the public to know the different lines of investments offered by to the S&T community (scholarships in the country or abroad, quality programs, support to editing, funds to research projects, funding to scientific events, and special areas (ex: “Fundos Setoriais”))

Public Funding Analysis

Information Analysis. Each area of investment can be analyzed by several criteria (e.g., total of investments classified by period, knowledge area supported, part of the country, etc).

Public Funding Analysis

Information Analysis. The total amount of investments in energy in 2003, classified by the kind scholarship.

Public Funding Analysis

Information Analysis. It is possible to verify who was funded and how the investments helped to increase the curricula of the beneficiary.

Social NetworkAnalysis

DM Group

Groups

Primary InformationSources

Cv System

Group and Curriculum Data Marts

Curricula

DM CV

GroupSystems

Dynamic Data marts

Social Network Analysis

Secondary Information Sources

KnowledgeSystems

Network Analysis. Another possibility is to use the secondary information source to analyze the connectivity among the innovation players.

Alumni analysis (example: geographic dispersion)

Network Analysis. Where (country region) are working former students of a certain graduate course? Who are these students? What they are doing currently? These are some of the examples that networking analysis provides (once the e-Gov architecture is available).

Alumni analysis(example: employer / place of work)

Networking Analysis. In which institutions are working now the former students of a certain university? This is also provided by the networking analysis.

Researcher: collaboration networks

Network Analysis. Even a single curriculum provides information about the network of collaboration. Each co-author can be linked to the common productions.

Social Network Studies

shattered world

Several Networking AnalysisOnce the National ST&I Information Platform is achieved, it is possible to study social networks taking into account several criteria. For instance, only based on the curricula database one can form the following the networks:

- by coauthorship (in all types of production) although it does not provide co-citation analysis- by copublishing (same journal or same event)- by fellowship (considering affiliation to depts./Institution or courses at the same period)- by adviser process (in each level of education)- by project team- by personal profile (e.g., age, gender, etc.)- by knowledge activity (from several different profiles, including knowledge experience)- by acknowledgement (e.g., coparticipation in events, examinations, etc)- by neighborhood (city of address)

parochial world small world

Balancieri, R. 2004.

Example: Hub detection and display• Example – ScienTI network, using the 32 most productive Brazilian

researchers from one area

Degree 7

Degree 1Degree 8

Social Network Analysis(e.g., searching for hubs on a national list of experts)

- real case: a search on a certain area shown that there are only 3 hubs on a list of the 40 most researchers with the majority of P&T registers on their CV

- The three hubs belong to the same graduate program

Balancieri, R. 2004.

Hidden Relationships for the term “Plataforma Lattes”

Sea

rch

Plataforma Lattes

Automatic Semantic Analysis

Networking Analysis. Another possibility is to reveal hidden connection among knowledge terms freely informed by the National S&T platform. Words used by the S&T community to describe their professional activity form a hidden web of concepts that can be revealed by means of network analysis. The example shows how the expression “Platforma Lattes’” is conceived by the Brazilia S&T community regarding other terms.

Hidden Relations for “Knowledge”

Mapping knowledge. A search by a single term shows how the knowledge has been developed in related areas. This example detaches the term “knowledge” in the Brazilian national innovation systems (considering the 600.000 curricula). It can be seen four nucleus of studies: pedagogy of knowledge, philosophy of knowledge, knowledge management and artificial intelligence.

Finding hidden information units.

Stela Institute has developed the tool called “ISKMM” that allows to dig into the information sources (from several formats) and automatically discover unit analysis.

ISKMM – Automatic Entity Discovery

GONÇALVES, et. al. Mining Knowledge from Textual Databases: an Approach Using Ontology-Based Context Vectors. In: The IASTED International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications. Innsbruck.: AIA, 2005. v. I, p. 66-71.

Information networking.

ISKMM also allows to visualize the concept connections between information units (e.g., the link among people and among people and knowledge).

ISKMM – Automatic Unit Link Analysis

Ontology that make possible elucidate

relationships

Rule Configuration by the user with dynamic reflection over the decision matrix

ISBI - Business Intelligence (that anyone can apply)

SELL, D.; et. al . Interactive Composition of WSMO-based Semantic Web Services in IRS-III. In: FIRST AKT WORKSHOP ON SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES - AKTSWS04, 2004, Milton Keynes, UK. Proceedings of AKT Workshop on Semantic Web services. Milton Keynes, UK: KMI, 2004. v. 122, p. 1-8.

http://lattes.cnpq.br

CASE: e-Government to Map ST&I Information

Lattes PlatformSince 1999

CNPq - National Council of Scientific and Technological Development

Lattes: a National ST&I Information Platform. From 1998 up to 2004 Brazil has developed a National ST&I Platform based on the methodology and technological components described before. Launched in September 1999, Lattes Platform has reached all S&T agencies, universities, institutes, and the majority of the individuals and groups working in the area. The platform became the most rich source of information of individual and collective competences in S&T in Brazil. It has helped more than 40 institutions to build their organizational competences database and it is a valuable asset to planning and decision making. In 2004 Lattes Platform was chosen the most important e-Gov project in Brazil in the category of government-citizen initiative.

Electronic government service composed by more than 140 elements among standards, information systems, databases, portals and knowledge systems in Science, Technology and Innovation.

System: Groups

GrupLAC

System: Groups

GrupLAC

CvDeGois

CvLattes

CvLAC

CvDeGois

CvLattes

CvLAC

DM CvDM Cv DM GrDM Gr DM InstDM Inst DM ProjDM Proj

DW Investiments Demography

Alumni

Search

CVs Groups Institutions Projects

Directories Lattes

CVs Groups Institutions ProjectsCVsCVs GroupsGroups InstitutionsInstitutions ProjectsProjects

Directories Lattes

SCienTI PortalsSCienTI Portals

670 thousands curricula 5 thousands of updating per day

(individually done by experts, students, professionals, etc.)

More than 300 new CVs per day 19,5 thousands research groups 335 R&D institutions 14 thousands accesses per day

(from 90 countries)

More than 1 thousand Education Institutions

62% of all undergraduate professors with personal cvs.

More than 500 public organizations More than 1 thousand firms

registering partnerships among R&D groups and firms

Lattes Platform

Case 2: International Networking in ST&I

ScienTI NetworkScienTI Network - International Network on Information Sources and - International Network on Information Sources and Knowledge for the Management of Science, Technology and InnovationKnowledge for the Management of Science, Technology and Innovation

International View. In 2001 an agreement between CNPq and PAHO allowed the translation of Lattes systems into Spanish and its try version in 5 Latin American Countries. In the end of 2001 Portugal joined the cooperation. In December 2002 a meeting in Florianópolis, Brazil created the ScienTI Network with eleven countries. Since then we’ve been working on building up national platforms and make them connected by means of web services.

ScienTI Network in Numbers

www.scienti.netwww.scienti.net

International Web servicesInternational Web services

International Cooperation. At this moment ScienTI has been mostly the set of national actions in each country consisting of establishing the ST&I information platforms. The next step is to make this information connected by means of web services and provide services on a multi-national level.

Source: ScienTI IV MeetingSource: ScienTI IV MeetingSalvador BA, September, 2005Salvador BA, September, 2005

ScienTI makes it possible to create ScienTI makes it possible to create new scientometric indicators and new scientometric indicators and

most importantly new approaches to most importantly new approaches to study national innovation systemsstudy national innovation systems

National ST&I Information Platforms Brings a New Scenario to Scientometrics

ScienTI Indicators. One of the new possibilities brought by ScienTI Network is to provide scientometric methods with new data, standardized an coming from several countries. In the following we present some of these possibilities, consisting on a pilot study conducted by PAHO and RICYT.

Example: Researchers in Health By Gender and Age

RICYT and PAHO Studies. Based on the national curricula databases from Brazil and Colombia, RICYT (www.ricyt.org) and PAHO (www.paho.org) have developed a new set of indicators. The following is a comparison between the gender distribution in both countries regarding researchers in health. There is a hidden phenomena of the unbalanced interest in Brazil by women.

Example: Researcher’s Knowledge Domain Flow

RICYT and PAHO Studies. Another example is the study of how many experts have been studied (F – stands for “Formación” or Academic Degree), acted (A – stands for “Actuación” or Professional Activity) and produced (P – stands for “Producción” or Intellectual production such as papers, reports, software, etc). There is a similar behavior indicating that the great majority remains connected to their education area (either acting or publishing in health)

Roberto C. S. PachecoINSTITUTO STELA - Research Leader

www.portalinovacao.mct.gov.br

A National Portal for Innovation

Fostering Cooperation. In 2004 the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology established a goal of building a web space for making the national competence in S&T available to industry and firms interested in innovation projects. In 2005 we developed and launched the Innovation Portal. It includes Lattes Platform as a competence source for firms, the firms’ demands in innovation and a whole set of systems from a cooperation space up to knowledge systems about the partnership.

CASE 3: e-Government for Cooperation

2. How to make such competences available to firms for contact and collaboration?

Main Issues in Building such a Portal

1. How to capture the national knowledge in ST&I in a systematic and continuous way?

3. How to know the firms demands on ST&I so the collaboration can start from both sides?

4. How far the current technologies and methodologies can lead a cooperation project such “Portal Inovação”?

• The Innovation Portal is an electronic governmental service with systems specially designed to users related to the national innovation chain.

• As a Portal, this environment supports processes of location, contact and correspondence between firms and technical-scientific community.

What is the Innovation Portal?

Systems and resources accessed via Web E-Governmental Architecture

Space forInteraction

infrastructure

Currículos

Building up the Information Sources...

OfferingFirms

Experiences in cooperationPersonal Training

Technological SupportImport Replacement

Support to Exportation

COMPETENCES OFFERTS

Experts w/ Cv

Currícula

Offers

OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION

Demand

Expert’sEnvironment

Firm’sEnvironment

Groups

Using and Amplifying the Information Source

COMPETENCE DIRECTORY

Spacefor Interaction

ICTIEnvironment

Support OrganizationsEnvironment

Firm’sEnvironment

OPPORTUNITIES

Expert’sEnvironment

infraestruturaCurrículo

s

Grupos EmpresasOfertantes

Especialistas s/ Cv

Currículosinfraestrutura

Currículos

Grupos EmpresasOfertantes

Especialistas s/ Cv

Currículos Experiências em cooperação

Capacitação de Pessoal

Capacitação Tecnológica

Importações substituíveis

Apoio à Exportação

PROPOSALFOR COOPERATION

RESPONSES

FAVORITSCOMPETENCESOPPORTUNITIES

COOPERATION

Proposes

Responses

Search for CompetenciesSearch forOpportunities

Firm’sEnvironment

• Use Indicators(Available sources, users)

• Firm’s System(Identification and Demands)

• Search for Competences(Favorites – Bookmarked experts)(Experts, Groups and Firms)

• Search for Opportunities(Favorites – Bookmarked demands)(Firm’s Demands)

• Interaction(Proposes and Answers)

• Strategic Information(Competitive Intelligence)

What does the Portal Offer to Firms?

Firm’s Environment. The Portal has private environments for each innovation player. Firms can access their own data (profile, demands and technological offers), can search and save (bookmark) competences from experts, research groups and other firms, and can also use the cooperation environment to send (or receive) messages to experts or other firms.

Finding Experts...

Firm’sEnvironment

2. How to make the national competences available to firms for contact and collaboration?

Searching for Competences – search alternatives

Searching competences. Firms’ representative (as well as the general public) can find competences searching for terms in the national curricula database.

The search results present the experts (classified by the match between profile and search interest) and the 10 terms more frequent on those curricula. R&D groups and firms are also available.

A new search is available both as a result from choosing directly one or more resultant terms or starting a new search by one of the 3 most important terms in each expert’s cv.

Searching for Competences – Knowledge Distribution

Searching competences. The user can also specialize its search according to education level, region or knowledge field of the experts.

With this feature a firm can concentrate, for instance, only in competences within a certain country region.

Indirectly the search also provides an interesting indicator to decision maker: country spatial distribution of knowledge.

ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERT’S PROFILE

Searching for Competences – Profile Analysis

Profile Analysis.

Each curricula, R&D group and firm technological portfolio is indexed by the methodology of context vectors.

This allows the user to analyze the knowledge profile of each curricula (group or firm portfolio), based on the frequency of the terms either in title or as keyword for papers, reports, software, and more than 40 other kinds of productions present on the expert’s cv.

Searching for Competences – Résumés Analysis

Automatic Résumés.

The user can also verify a text consisting of a résumé of the entire curriculum.

The résumé is automatically created by a specialized knowledge system and allows the interested to check the most important aspects to firms cooperation (according to previous requirement mentioned by firms’ representatives at the project pilot phase).

A chosen expert can be saved (bookmarked) as a favorite to cooperation…

SAVING EXPERTS IN “FAVORITES” FOR FUTURE COLABORATION

Searching for Competences: Bookmarking experts

Searching for Competences: Bookmarking experts

Prezado Pesquisador,

Estivemos consultando o Portal Inovação e verificamos sua experiência em temas de nosso interesse para uma possível cooperação visando capacitação. Assim, gostaríamos de verificar a possibilidade de realizarmos uma reunião

Bookmarking: Saving in “Favorites” and Making Contact...

Cooperation Proposals.

Firms and experts can exchange messages whenever a possible cooperation can be established either because the firm things the expert fulfill a required profile or because the expert is interested in the firm’s demands for technical cooperation.

Privacy policy. Besides the usual policy of restricting access to personal e-mails, the Portal allows that firms and experts can opt between identifying yourselves or sending the message as anonymous until they want.

Knowledge Systems

• from the curricula and from R&D group data these systems extract information useful to the firm analyze its interaction with S&T community.

Strategic Information to Firms

3. How to know the firms demands on ST&I so the collaboration can start from both sides?

Firm’s System (Demands)

Firm’sEnvironment

Experiences in Cooperation

Personal Training

Technological Support

Importações substituíveis

Support for Exportation

Firm’sEnvironment

Firm’s System (Demands)

Search for Opportunities

A New Set of Scientometric Indicators??

Online ST&I Distributions. Since the platform is updated on daily basis, it is easy to make the secondary sources (data marts) present distributions of experts, firms or research group by country region or state. The same approach can be further specialized up to highly detailed analyses (considering, for instance, experts profile or historic distributions).

A New Set of Scientometric Indicators??

New parameters of decision. Cooperation web environments bring new parameters to the classical methods of ST&I management. Factors such as the portal accesses can measure the nature of the interested of ST&I communities. Features such as bookmarking brings a hidden interest factor not available before (e.g., who are the experts more likely to be contacted by firms?).

Another aspect that has been considered is what would be the effect of having these bookmarks available at the funding decision making process (e.g., how is the bookmarking level of each expert).

Access to the National Portals

Bookmarked expertsFavorites in searches for competences

A New Set of Scientometric Indicators??

Competitive intelligence. National ST&I platforms carry strategic information to firms. An example is the profile of researchers working in R&D groups that maintain projects with the company. Another example is the knowledge of what (and where) former workers are working. Such information is available at the private level of Innovation Portal (i.e., restricted to the user’s firm and accessible only for users properly logged in).

In 2006 Innovation Portal has Steering Committee formed by all public agencies related to the issue of innovation

The project is already part of a major national effort to articulate information on the Brazilian Innovation System

Several information projects are being taken into account in the interoperability process

Interoperability

• Innovation Law

RedeComp• PITCE

National Industrial Policy

Industry and CommerceMinistry

EnvironmentalMinistry

Other Sources being tested: SciELO, INMETRO, University Information Sources, etc.

Conclusions

Applications to Knowledge Engineering and e-Gov There are new opportunities to knowledge engineering as well as

to electronic government in ST&I information management

Effective information workflow must be the priority. e-Gov projects should consider the rationality of information

gathering by promoting interoperability among sources and by adopting data standards

Successful e-Gov Platforms do not belong to their sponsors the “price” of success is to say: “we build an information platform

that does not belong to us…” (in deed, to be successful it should have designed to belong to all ST&I community of players).

New information management approaches must deal with the existent sources Knowledge engineering can help to deal with legacy data as well

as support new information modeling

Conclusions

Knowledge Engineering and Scientometrics Several Knowledge engineering areas can help Scientometric

Analysis (e.g., text generation, modeling - particularly ontology, knowledge discovery and representation, business intelligence)

There is a brand new set of ST&I indicators available e-Gov projects (with knowledge engineering oriented

architectures) and the Web bring to Scientometrics a whole new set of indicators. Web presence, networking and flexible information combination (based on OLAP analysis) bring a new set of opportunities to Scientometrics.

Interoperability is the word of order Making compatible information projects communicate to each

other is the essential goal to public services.

“(…) when the data become more available and the means to assemble and manipulate them become more sophisticated, there is a tendency among evaluators to concentrate on the data (…) rather than on the constructs.”

Eliezer Geisler, 2000.

A Final Alert to Technology Oriented Solutions...

Careful with the Passion for Technology

Roberto C. S. PachecoVice Coordinator

Graduate Program on Knowledge Engineering and ManagementUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Brazil

Instituto Stela - BrazilResearch Leader

Knowledge Engineering, Electronic Government and the applications to Scientometrics

II SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE INDICADORES DE CIENCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INNOVACIÓN

Santiago - Chile, 17 enero 2006Sheraton Santiago Hotel.

MUITO OBRIGADO!

pacheco@egc.ufsc.br or pacheco@stela.org.br