labview file 5th sem

8/3/2019 Labview File 5th Sem

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PRACTICAL FILE

OF

SOFT COMPUTING

Submitted by:

Vikas Garg

Roll no. 200901010-1003

B.tech 5th sem

Submitted to:

Dr. Avinish Verma


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I N D E XS. NO. TITLE SIGN

1 To study the LabView Components

2 To study Arithmetic operations

3Exploring LabVIEW environment by creating a VI that

generates a signal and displays it on the front panel

4 To create arrays and become familiar with array

functions

5To create cluster on the front panel and use the

cluster functions to assemble and disassemble cluster

6 To observe the use of shift register and feedback

nodes to hold the data from previous iterations of a

For loop

7 To build VI that uses polymorphism with clusters


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EXPERIMENT 1

AIM: To study the LabView Components.

APPARATUS: LabView Software and PC

THEORY:NUMERIC CONTROL: Use the numeric controls and indicators on the numeric palette to

simulate slides, knobs, dials and digital displays. The palette also includes color box and

color ramp for setting color values and time stamps for setting time and date values. Use

numeric controls and indicators to enter and display numeric data. You can set the

representation, data range and format and precision for numeric control and indicators.

Numeric control and indicators accepts only certain numeric characters.

SLIDES: slide controls and indicators, like rotary controls and indicators, and numeric objects

with scale. The slide controls and indicators include vertical and horizontal slides, a tank,

and a thermometer. Change the value of a slide control or indicator using either of the

following methods:

Use the Operation tool to click or drag the slider to a new position. Use the Digital Display to enter data just as you do for digital controls and indicators.

You can ass sliders to have one or more additional sliders.

You also can customize the scale of a slide control or indicator.

COLOR BOX: A color box is a numeric control or indicator that displays a color that

corresponds to a specified value. The color value is expressed as a hexadecimal number with

the form RRGGBB. The first two digits control the red value. The second two digits control

the green color value. The last two digits control the blue color value.

DIAL: Rotary controls and indicators like slide control and indicators are numeric objects

with scale. The rotary controls and indicators include knobs, dials, gauges, and meters.

Change the value of rotary control or indicator using either of the following methods:

Use the Operating tool to click or drag the needle to a new position. Use the digital display to enter data just as you do for digital controls and indicators.

You can add needles to have one or more additional needles.

You can also customize the scale or color ramp of a rotary control or indicator.

BOOLEAN: use the Boolean controls and indicators located on the Boolean and Classic

Boolean palettes to simulate buttons, switches and lights. Use Boolean controls and

indicators to enter and display Boolean (TRUE/FALSE) values.


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STRING AND FILE PATH CONTROL: use the string and file path controls and indicators on the

string and path palette to simulate text entry boxes and labels and to enter or return the

location of a file or directory. Path controls and indicators work similarly to strings, but

LabView formats the path using the standard syntax for a supported platform, Windows.

You can also drag a path from Windows Explorer and place it in the path. Use the combo

box control to create a list of strings you can cycle through on the front panel. A combo box

control is similar to a text or menu ring control.

GRAPHS: Complete the following steps to format the X- and Y-axes of a graph or chart.

1. Right click the axis you want to format and select Formatting from the shortcutmenu to display the Format and Precision page of the Properties dialog box.

2. Modify the Format and Precision setting to format the graph or chart.3. Click the OKbutton to close the Properties dialog box.

RING: Use a ring control to select an item from a list without having to know what value thatitem represents. LabView passes the value associated with the selected item to the block

diagram. Select a case from a case structure (conditional code) that carries out the selected

item.

PROCEDURE:

1. Click the Start button on the PC2. Co to National Instruments > LabVIEW 7.13. Open the LabView by clicking LabVIEW4. Click on Continue > New5. Select Blank VI

RESULT:The LabView components have been studied.


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COMPONENTS ON FRONT PANEL:

COMPONENTS ON BLOCK DIAGRAM:


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EXPERIMENT 2

AIM: To study Arithmetic operations using LabView software.

APPARATUS: LabView Software and P.C.

THEORY:Various Mathematical Arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and

division can be performed using LabView software. This can be done through block

diagrams. Various operators like plus, minus, multiplication, division and other operators

are provided to perform arithmetic operations on LabView software. In this experiment we

have solved the following equations:

(X + Y)2

(X Y)3

(X Y)/(X + Y)

1. (X+Y)A. NUMERIC CONTROL:

These control the values of the numbers X and Y.

B. NUMERIC INDICATOR:These show the value of the output of the result of the arithmetic operation.

C. ADD COMPONENT:This components adds the value of X and Y here.

D. MULTIPLY COMPONENT:This component multiply the (X+Y) with (X+Y)

2. (X-Y)A. NUMERIC CONTROL:


B. NUMERIC INDICATORThese show the value of the output of the result of the arithmetic operation.

C. SUB COMPONENT:This components subtracts the value of X and Y here.

D. MULTIPLY COMPONENT:This component multiply the (X-Y)^2 with (X-Y)


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3. (X-Y)/(X+Y)A. NUMERIC CONTROL:


B. NUMERIC INDICATOR:These show the value of the output of the result of the arithmetic operation.

C. ADD COMPONENT:This components adds the value of X and Y here.

D. SUB COMPONENT:This components subtracts the value of X and Y here.

E. DIVIDE COMPONENT:This component divides the (X-Y) with (X+Y)

PROCEDURE:

1. Open the LabView.2. Select the required numeric controls.3. Go to the block diagram using windows.4. Select the required operators and make the connections as shown in diagram.

RESULT: - Various Arithmetic Operations of Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication andDivision are performed using algebraic equations successfully.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

1. (X+Y)

Front panel block diagram

2. (X-Y)3


3. (X-Y)/(X+Y)



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EXPERIMENT 3

AIM: Exploring LabVIEW environment by creating a VI that generates a signal

and displays it on the front panel.

COMPONENTS: LabVIEW Software, PC

THEORY:Using LabView waveforms can be generated corresponding to different operations and

inputs.

On performing Integral operations, different inputs give following outputs:

INPUT OUTPUT

1. TRIANGULAR WAVE SINUSOIDAL

2. SQUARE TRIANGLE

3. SINE COSINE

4. SAWTOOTH PARABOLIC PULSE

Here we have given the TRIANGULAR in input and description for the components used here

are as follows:

1. SIMULATE SIGNAL:Simulates a sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, sawtooth wave, or noise signal.

This is configured here as follows:

a. Signal type: Triangleb. Frequency: 10.1 Hzc. Amplitude: 1d. Phase: 0e. Offset: 0f. Duty cycle: 50%g. Sampling rate: 1000h. Number of samples: 100 (automatic)i. Timing: simulate acquisition timing

j. Timestamps: relative2. SCALING AND MAPPING:

Changes the amplitude of a signal by scaling or mapping the signal.


a. Scaling type: Linearb. m: 1c. b: 0


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3. TIME DOMAIN MATH:Performs one of several math functions on time domain signals


a. Math operation: integralb. Calculation mode: continuous calculation4. MERGE SIGNALS

Merges two or more signals into a single output. Resize the function to add inputs.

This function appears on the block diagram automatically when you wire a signal output to

the wire branch of another signal.

5. WAVEFORM GRAPHShows the graph of the output and the scaled input.

PROCEDURE:1. Launch LabView.2. Click new button.3. Select VI button from Template >> Tutorial (Getting started) >> Generate and display

in the create new list.

4. Go to block diagram via windows.5. Open control palette.6. Select simulate signal, Knob, scaling and mapping tool, waveform graph.7. Make the connections as shown in fig.8. Run the program.

RESULT:The waveform has been generated and following results are obtained:

On applying Triangular wave as input a sinusoidal output is obtained.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


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EXPERIMENT 4

AIM: To create arrays and become familiar with array functions.

COMPONENTS: LABVIEW software, PC

THEORY:In this experiment ten numbers are generated randomly by computer and are sorted in

the random array. They will be multiplied by a user defined scaling factor and are stored in

Final array. Then user will define the starting position from where elements are to be

extracted and number of elements to be extracted by using array subset function. The

selected elements will store in the subset array.

The components used here are described as follows:

1. FOR LOOP: Executes its subdiagram n times, where n is the value wired to thecount (N) terminal. The iteration (I) terminal provides the current loop

iteration count, which ranges from 0 to n-1.

2. RANDOM NUMBER: Produces a double-precision, floating-point numberbetween 0 and 1, exclusively. The distribution is uniform.

3. MULTIPLY: Returns the product of the inputs.4. ARRAY: Arrays group data elements of the same type. An array consists of

elements and dimensions. Elements are the data that make up the array. A

dimension is the length, height, or depth of an array. An array can have one

or more dimensions and as many as (231

)1 elements per dimension, memory

permitting.

PROCEDURE:

1. Open a blank VI in LabView.2. Make three arrays one by one from Controls >> All controls >> Array and Cluster

palette.

3. Place numeric indicators inside arrays from Control >> Numeric control palette.4. Position array shells such that ten numeric indicators appear in each array shell.5. Place three numeric controls from Control >> Numeric Control palette and label

them scaling factor, start subset, # of elements.

6. Make start subset and # of elements long type variables.7. Go to block diagram.8. Place random number function and multiply operation from Functions >> Arithmetic

& Comparison >> Express Numeric Palette.

9. Place random number function in the FOR loop from Functions >> All functions >>Structures palette.

10.Place array subset function from Functions >> All functions >> Array palette.11.Make the connections in Block Diagram as shown in Fig.

RESULT:An array of desired number of elements has been generated.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


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EXPERIMENT-5

AIM: To create cluster on the front panel and use the cluster functions to

assemble and disassemble cluster.

COMPONENTS: LAB view software, pc.

THEORY:On running the program the numeric value in cluster will be incremented andappear in numeric indicator of modified cluster. The value in numeric of cluster will appear

on numeric outside the clusters. The value on slide cluster will appear on the slide value.

Bolean2 in modified cluster is not of Boolean 2 in cluster. Bolean3 will glow led.

The descriptions of the components used are as follows:

1. UNBUNDLE BY NAME: Returns the cluster elements whose names you specify. You donot have to keep track of the order of the elements within the cluster. This function does

not require the number of elements to match the number in the cluster. After you wire a

cluster to this function, you can select an individual element from the function.

2. UNBUNDLE: Splits a cluster into each of its individual elements. When you wire a cluster

to this function, the function resizes automatically to display outputs for each element in

the cluster you wired. This function produces as an output these elements in the same order

they appear in the cluster. The number of outputs for this function must match the number

of elements in the cluster. When you have two or more elements of the same type, keep

track of their order in the cluster. If you access the wrong element by mistake, LabVIEW

does not report this as an error.

3. BUNDLE: Assembles a cluster from individual elements. You also can use this function to

change the values of individual elements in an existing cluster without having to specify new

values for all elements. Resize this function to indicate the number of elements in the

cluster. You cannot resize this function when a cluster is wired to the cluster input. When

you create a new cluster, you must wire all inputs. The elements in the output cluster must

appear in the same order as the input elements. When you replace a cluster wired to the

middle terminal of this function, the inputs are optional. LabVIEW replaces only those you

wire in the cluster.

4. BUNDLE BY NAME: Replaces one or more cluster elements. This function refers to cluster

elements by name instead of by their position in the cluster.

5. NOT: Computes the logical negation of the input. IfX is FALSE, the function returns

TRUE. IfX is TRUE, the function returns FALSE.

6. INCREMENT: Adds 1 to the input value

7. CLUSTER: Clusters group data elements of mixed types, such as a bundle of wires in a

telephone cable, where each wire in the cable represents a different element of the cluster.


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PROCEDURE:

1. Place a stop button from Controls >> Buttons & Switches palette.2. A numeric Indicator from Controls >> Numeric Indicators palette.3. Round LED from Controls >> LED palette.4. Place a cluster from Controls >> All controls >> Array & Cluster palette.5. Place a numeric control in cluster.6. Two vertical toggle Switches from Controls >> Numeric control palette in cluster.7. Duplicate this cluster and name it as Modified Cluster and change it to indicator.8. In block Diagram make the connection as shown in fig.9. Use unbundle, bundle, Unbundle by name, bundle by name from Functions >> all

functions >> Cluster palette.

10.Use Increment, Not from Functions >> All Functions >> Numeric palette.11.Place the whole connection in while loop from Functions >> All Functions >>

Structures.

12.Run the Program.RESULT:

Use of Clusters is understood.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


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EXPERIMENT-6Aim: To observe the use of shift register and feedback nodes to hold data from previous

iteration of a for loop.

Apparatus: LabView software, pc

Procedure:

1. Take necessary components in front panel and make the necessary connections inblock diagram as shown in figure. The 1 wired to left terminal on the For loop

initialize the feedback node to 1.

2. The wait until next ms timr shows the operation of the code. You also see highlightexecution instead of the wait function to slow the operation. Yhe same code is used

twice in block diagram with feedback node in a different portion of the wire.3. Run the VI

The top section of code reads the initialized feedback node and passes this value to

multiply function.

The bottom section of the code reads the initialized feedback node and passes this

value to indicator. This multiply function does not execute until iteration of loop

lighting.

4. Click the highlight execution button, show at left, to enable execution highlighting.Run the VI again to observe the order of execution. Turn off execution highlighting

when you understand the execution order. The VI continues executing at normalspeed.

5. Replace the bottom feedback node with a shift register, as shown in the followingblock diagram.

A. Select the bottom feedback node and press the key to delete it.B. Right- click the order of the For loop and select ADD shift register.C. Initialize the shift register by wiring 1 to the left shift register.D. Changes the label of the bottom indicator to shift register and the top indicator

to feedback node.

6. Run the VI. Notice that both the feedback node and the shift register portions of theblock diagram have the some functionality.

7. If time permits, complete the following the operation step. Otherwise close the VIand do not save changes.

Result: The desired result has been achieved.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


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EXPERIMENT-7

AIM: To build VI that uses polymorphism with clusters.

COMPONENTS: LabView Software and P.C.

THEORY:On running the program the values in the raw data will be multiplied through thevalues of Scaling factors. Correspondingly these values will change the readings on

thermometer, Tank and gauge as these are the indicators of the result.

PROCEDURE:

1. In the front panel create a cluster having three numeric controls in it.2. Rename these controls as V (temperature), V (flow rate), and V (pressure).3. Go to Block diagram.4. Select cluster constant from Functions >> All Functions >> Clusters.5. Rename it as scaled factors.6. Place Numeric constant inside Cluster constant from Functions >> Arithmetic &

Numeric >> Numeric palette.

7. Enter the scaling factor inside these constants.8. Multiply scaled factors with raw data.9. Create indicator from multiply function by right clicking it.10.Rename the Output Cluster as Scaled Data11.Go to front panel.12. Replace numeric indicators in scaled data with Thermometer, Tank and Gauge.13.View three digital displays.14.Run the Program

RESULT:The study of clusters is understood.


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

labview file 5th sem

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