lake torrens bush blitz survey - know.ourplants.org

Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey

Lake Torrens National Park and adjoining stations (Andamooka, Purple Downs, Roxby Downs, Bosworth and Pernatty), South Australia

Survey conducted: 29 August – 9 September 2016

Report submitted: 26 May 2017

Updated: January 2018

P.J. Lang, J. Kellermann, G.H. Bell, C.J. Brodie, H.P. Vonow & M. Waycott

State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens & State Herbarium, SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources

Vascular plants, cyanobacteria, algae, bryophytes, lichens and macrofungi

Bush Blitz – Lake Torrens 2016

Report initially submitted to Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study: 26 May 2017.

Document updated: Jan. 2018.

Published online on http://data.environment.sa.gov.au/ : Oct. 2021.

ISBN 978-1-922027-58-0 (pdf)

© Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia, 2018.

With the exeption of the Piping Shrike emblem, images, and other material or devices protected by a trademark and subject to review by the Government of South Australia at all times, this report is licensed under the

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. All other rights reserved.

This report should be cited as:

Lang, P.J.1, Kellermann, J.1, 2, Bell, G.H.1, Brodie, C.J.1, Vonow, H.P.1 & Waycott, M.1, 2 (2018). Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey: Vascular plants, cyanobacteria, algae, bryophytes, lichens and macrofungi. Report for Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide).

Authors’ addresses:

1 State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Hackney Road, Adelaide, SA 5000.

2 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005.

A summary of the results was published in:

Bush Blitz (2018). Lake Torrens South Australia 2016: A Bush Blitz survey report. (Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra).

Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study http://bushblitz.org.au/

State Herbarium of South Australia https://www.botanicgardens.sa.gov.au/science-conservation/state-herbarium

Cover photo:

Fig. 1. Antheridium of Nitella lhotzkyi, a freshwater alga (Charophyta), collected from Willaroo Dam, NW of Andamooka Homestead, Andamooka Station; a new record for the study area. Photo: Bob Baldock (AD).


Contents

List of contributors ........................................................................................................................ 4

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ 6

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6

2. Methods ................................................................................................................................ 8

2.1 Site selection ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2 Collection methods ........................................................................................................ 8

2.3 Methods used at standard survey sites ........................................................................ 9

2.3 Identifying the collections .............................................................................................. 9

3. Results and Discussion ...................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Results of the two Standard Survey Sites................................................................... 10

3.3 Un-named or not formalised taxa ................................................................................ 21

3.4 Putative new species (new to science) ....................................................................... 23

3.5 Weed or pest species .................................................................................................. 25

3.6 Vulnerable, threatened or endangered species .......................................................... 32

3.7 Range extensions ........................................................................................................ 35

4. Information on species lists ................................................................................................ 38

5. Information for land managers ........................................................................................... 40

6. Conclusions ........................................................................................................................ 45

Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 46

References ................................................................................................................................. 47

Appendices ................................................................................................................................. 48

Appendix I. List of vascular plants recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area ... ..................................................................................................................................... 49

Appendix II. List of non-vascular plants (cyanobacteria, algae and bryophytes) recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area ...................................................................... 80

Appendix III. List of lichens and fungi recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area......................................................................................................................................... 82

Appendix IV. List of collection sites the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area ..................... 84


List of contributors

Table 1. List of contributors to this report.

Name Institution/affiliation Qualifications/area of expertise

Level/form of contribution

Bob Baldock SHSA Botanist Aquatic plant identification

Robyn Barker SHSA Botanist Vascular plant identification

W.R. (Bill) Barker SHSA Botanist Vascular plant identification

Graham Bell SHSA Botanist Bryophyte and lichen identification, author

Chris Brodie SHSA Weeds Botanist Survey participant, weed identification, author

Michelle Casanova Botanist Charophyte identification

Pamela Catcheside SHSA Mycologist Fungi identification

Ainsley Calladine SHSA IT specialist Data processing

R.J. (Bob) Chinnock SHSA Botanist Vascular plant identification: Cactaceae

Laurie Haegi SHSA Botanist Vascular plant identification

Jürgen Kellermann SHSA Botanist Survey participant, vascular plant identification, author

Peter Lang State Herbarium of South Australia (SHSA)

Botanist Survey participant, vascular plant identification, author

Teresa Lebel Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria

Mycologist Survey participant, fungi identification (see also separate report)

Glen McGregor Water Planning Ecology, DSITI, Qld

Principal Scientist Cyanobacteria identification

Martin O’Leary SHSA Botanist Plant identification: Acacia, Eucalyptus

Carolyn Ricci SHSA Botanist Aquatic plant identification

Kelly Shepherd WA Herbarium Botanist Vascular plant identification: samphires

Chelsea Tothill SHSA Botanist Survey participant, specimen and data processing


Name Institution/affiliation Qualifications/area of expertise

Level/form of contribution

Helen Vonow SHSA Botanist

Survey participant, vascular plant identification, Data processing, author

Michelle Waycott SHSA Botanist Aquatic plant identification, author

David Armstrong DEWNR Zoologist

Survey participant / Vertebrates (see separate report with SAM) / Preparation of vehicles and field gear


Abstract

The 2016 Bush Blitz Survey to Lake Torrens and five adjoining pastoral leases provided an opportunity to greatly increase the knowledge on the flora of the area. The preceding seasonal rainfall provided high quality conditions for plant growth and flowering and also the presence of water in areas of Lake Torrens and surrounds. A total of 382 unique taxa were recorded on the survey, comprising 358 vascular plants, 1 bryophyte, 4 algae, and 7 cyanobacteria; 12 lichens were also recorded.

Significantly, 32 vascular plant taxa and 6 cryptogams (1 bryophyte, 3 cyanobacteria, 2 algae) were recorded from the study area for the first time.

Including previous records, this resulted in a total of 699 vascular plants for the survey area, of which 30 are introduced, weedy plants. Five of the weed taxa are highlighted as needing control measures while they are still in low numbers. The remaining 25 weed taxa are of low concern, but should be monitored. In total, 60 cryptogams are recorded for the area, including 18 bryophytes, 4 algae, 7 cyanobacteria, 12 lichens and 19 fungi. Non-lichenous fungi are covered in a separate report by T. Lebel, but the 16 taxa recorded on survey are also listed here in Appendix III.

The survey resulted in the collection of 996 specimens and complementary observational records. Leaf samples in silica gel for future DNA analysis were collected from almost all specimens.

1. Introduction

Prior to the Bush Blitz survey, vascular plant data was compiled from the Census of South Australian plants, algae, fungi and lichens (State Herbarium of South Australia 2016) for the Gairdner-Torrens (GT) botanical region, which contained the study area. The locations of these collecting records are shown in Fig. 2.

This provided a taxon list for use during field work and was used as a reference guide for comparing the outcomes from the Bush Blitz survey, together with a subsequently downloaded list from the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) (see Section 4). Post survey, the list of vascular plants for the area was revised. Including the data gathered during Bush Blitz, there are now 699 vascular plant taxa recorded for the study area.

It was not possible to provide a definitive list of cryptogam taxa collected from the region prior to the survey. These groups are typically under-collected, and the collections that had been made in these areas will not be representative. In addition, ever fewer collections will have been made by persons with some technical knowledge to guide them and this will have limited the recognition of additional taxa; cryptogams are also challenging to collect and preservation is more difficult.

Unfortunately, even those few existing collections are not easy to list or assess, since many of Australia’s cryptogamic herbarium collections are not yet databased. Most cryptogams will also not have had their identifications critically authenticated.

Most of the bryophyte and lichen species able to be identified with certainty are those which would be expected in the study region, albeit not necessarily recorded previously. Some are possibly uncommon or rare, but the lack of expert collecting skills nationally and identification remains a problem in evaluating this.

A number of algae (including cyanobacteria) are better represented among ALA records, and certain taxa in these groups were assessed as constituting new finds within the study area.

A separate report on fungi was prepared by T. Lebel (MEL), the results of which were included in Appendix III.


Fig. 2. Location of collection records from the survey area, before the Bush Blitz expedition.

Fig. 3. Location of survey sites visited during the Bush Blitz expedition.


2. Methods

2.1 Site selection

Before the Bush Blitz survey, ABRS provided the results of a data gap analysis conducted by CSIRO, based on ALA data in combination with environmental characteristics to model where scientists would have the best chance to find new or unreported taxa. After eliminating CSIRO sites that were located in Lake Torrens (i.e. the area that becomes inundated), only few locations remained.

Site selection also considered land systems and vegetation community types in the region, along with geology and soil types. The botany team aimed to spread survey sites across the included properties and Lake Torrens shore and islands to maximise collections across different plant communities, grazing exposures and moisture gradients.

During the pre-Bush Blitz desktop survey, satellite imagery and maps showing station tracks and watering points were studied. Sites were chosen in which different habitats occurred in close proximity to the target area. Other priority areas were slopes on rocky hills likely to support species of restricted distribution, including endemics, and sheltered gullies that are likely to provide more mesic environments and therefore different plant communities. Locations that were only accessible by helicopter and away from roads and tracks were also prioritised, as were areas further from watering points likely to have been exposed to lower grazing pressure.

State Herbarium botanists also visited the known location of a potential new species of Sclerolaena, to collect new material and confirm its identity. Two Bush Blitz Standard Survey Sites were mandatory.

The resulting refined list of 29 potential collection sites was expanded during the Bush Blitz survey, through decisions in the field and information provided by local land-holders. The aim was to collect a complete list of species for each site, but time and logistics sometimes placed constraints on the time able to be spent at each site by the botany team. In total, collections were made at 135 sites (Fig. 3), as listed in Appendix IV. Additional opportunistic collections were also made by botanists, when travelling en route to survey sites, and zoologists also provided some opportunistic collections from their sites.

2.2 Collection methods

Plant specimens were collected when a taxon was first encountered in suitable condition. Additional specimens at other locations were collected if they were of superior quality (i.e. had flowers and/or fruits when the first specimen did not) or were of particular interest.

As a first for the State Herbarium of South Australia, leaf tissue subsamples were taken for all samples. Leaves were collected from a single branch into empty paper tea bags, and then stored in containers of silica gel for rapid desiccation. These vouchered samples will be stored at the State Herbarium for use with genetic and other molecular research projects, such as DNA sequencing for phylogenetic analyses, or other tissue analyses.

Soil crust lichens were collected with the associated soil to which they were attached. At each collection location (site) a standard set of location and habitat data was recorded. This included a unique voucher number per specimen (if collected), date, observer name(s), UTM coordinates, reliability of coordinates, location datum, location method (e.g. GPS), location description, habitat description, and relevant plant notes. As well as recording a coordinate for the site, GPS coordinates were also recorded at a finer scale for each individual collection.

Population samples for Lawrencia glomerata were taken at three sites, on request of a researcher (Fig. 17), and for a possible new species of Sclerolaena (see Section 3.3).

Institutional priorities for collection included Acacia spp., and the families Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Myoporaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Gramineae (Poaceae), Compositae


(Asteraceae), Chenopodiaceae (particularly samphires), Goodeniaceae, plus weeds, macrofungi, lichens, bryophytes and aquatic plants.

2.3 Methods used at standard survey sites

A full floristic inventory was recorded at two Standard Survey Sites (SSS) in 20 x 20 m quadrats. SSS1 was located in sand dune habitat, SSS2 on a stony gibber plateau. The quadrat was centred around each Standard Survey marker. Voucher specimens were collected for every species found in the quadrats and abundance noted (in four classes).

2.3 Identifying the collections

All specimens collected were lodged with the SA Herbarium, where field identifications were confirmed or updated by a team of taxonomists (Table 2). The determiner for each collection and determination details are recorded in the Herbarium database, and are generally in accordance with the special expertise indicated here. Survey participants are marked with an asterisk; further details are provided in the List of Contributors (Table 1).

Main reference works for the area include Brandle (1998), Jessop & Toelken (1986), Kellermann (2011–), Kutsche & Lay (2003) and Nicolle (2013).

Table 2. Determiners of plant collections. An asterisk indicates a participant in the Bush Blitz survey.

Name Plant group

Bob Baldock Aquatic plants

Robyn Barker Vascular plants

W.R. (Bill) Barker Vascular plants

Graham Bell bryophytes, lichens

Chris Brodie * Weeds

Michelle Casanova Charophytes

Pam Catcheside Macrofungi

Bob Chinnock Cactaceae

Laurie Haegi Vascular plants

Jürgen Kellermann Vascular plants

Peter Lang * Vascular plants

Teresa Lebel * Macrofungi

Glen McGregor Cyanobacteria

Martin O’Leary Acacia (Leguminosae), Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae)

Carolyn Ricci Aquatic plants

Kelly Shepherd Vascular plants, esp. samphires (Chenopodiaceae)

Helen Vonow * Various families

Michelle Waycott Aquatic plants


3. Results and Discussion

3.1 Results of the two Standard Survey Sites

The two Standard Survey Sites that were sampled by all survey teams are representative of the two most common land systems in the area (Fig. 4), apart from Lake Torrens itself. Details of the locations are available from Appendix IV, where the sites are listed as C8 (SSS1) and A3 (SSS2).

Site SSS1 (Fig. 5)

Vegetation and habitat description: Acacia ligulata - Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima Open Shrubland over Brassica tournefortii & Sida ammophila on dunes of loose orange-brown sand. This plant community is equivalent to floristic group 24 in Brandle (1998, pp. 128-129).

This site is representative of the major vegetation type within the Roxby Land System.

Site SSS2 (Fig. 6)

Vegetation and habitat description: Atriplex holocarpa - Sclerolaena divaricata - S.intricata - S. ventricosa Low Shrubland on low gibber plateau of orange-brown loamy clay with cobble and pebble strew. This plant community is equivalent to floristic group 36 in Brandle (1998, pp. 128-129).

This site is representative of the major vegetation type within the Arcoona Land System.

Fig. 4. Major land systems in the vicinity of Lake Torrens.


Fig. 5. Standard Survey Site 1, sand dune habitat. Photo: Chris Brodie.

Fig. 6. Standard Survey Site 2, gibber plateau. Photo: Chris Brodie.


3.2 Named taxa newly recorded for the reserve

A total of 41 unique plant taxa were newly recorded for the study area during the survey. These are listed in Table 3, except for two undescribed species, Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037) and Riella sp. which are discussed in Section 3.3 and included in Table 4.

To determine species newly recorded from the reserve, an ALA query using the shapefile of reserve was filtered to exclude non-plant groups such as fungi and lichens, records not based on preserved specimens, and records flagged on ALA as having an uncertain identity. See Section 4 for a discussion of the rationale for this approach.

Taxa were also excluded from consideration in a few special cases due to issues with existing ALA data. These included some species in the Mulga group (Acacia aneura complex) where the taxonomy has been subject to much recent change to the extent that the existing ALA distribution was considered likely to be too incomplete. Similarly, Phyllanthus lacunellus was excluded because the single ALA record of P. lacunarius from the study area is considered most likely to be P. lacunellus based on the widespread past misapplication of these concepts. Senna artemisioides subsp. ×artemisioides, subsp. ×coriacea and subsp. petiolaris were excluded because ALA is unusually deficient in records of these taxa, particularly within SA. This is probably due to mismatching of name formats when SA records were loaded on ALA. Examination of the eFloraSA Census maps (State Herbarium of South Australia 2017) showed that these taxa were already represented in the study area.

All bryophyte records were excluded from consideration for the reasons given in the Introduction, as were Bush Blitz survey records of uncertain identity at genus level or below.

Fig. 7. Red and green morphs of Euphorbia ferdinandi var. ferdinandi. BS1097-798, BS1097-799. Photos: Peter Lang.


Table 3. Named taxa newly recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area.

Taxon Common Name Vouchers / Locations Comment

Alternanthera nodiflora

Common Joyweed

BS1097-780 Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. On inner slope of dam wall, 6 m from water's edge. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Austrostipa elegantissima

Feather Spear-Grass

BS1097-448 Mid SW-facing escarpment slope on hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.2 km direct S of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Willow Paddock.

Calandrinia disperma Two-seed Purslane

BS1097-936 2.4 km ESE of Phillips Ridge Dam, 10.4 km direct E of Roxby Downs township (PO). Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

Calandrinia polyandra

Parakeelya

BS1097-327 24.3 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS (bearing 246°), on Andamooka Station Road [and 4.3 km direct E of its junction with Olympic Dam Hwy]. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-602 McCormack Reserve, on dunes approaching N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.

Calothrix a cyanobacterium

BS1097-825C

Andamooka Waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

The material could not be

identified to species, but even at genus-level is a significant addition to the area.

Callitriche sonderi Matted Water Starwort

BS1097-920 Crozier Creek, 11.3 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

A significant infill/ range extension - see Table 8.

Cenchrus pennisetiformis

Buffel Grass

BS1097-278 Andamooka

township, in undeveloped verge fronting service station (and nearby post office) on S side of Opal Creek Boulevard just SE of junction of Christmas Hill Rd




Chara globularis

BS1097-424A, BS1097-

777C Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock


Chara preissii

BS1097-424B, BS1097-

777B Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.


Convolvulus recurvatus subsp. nullarborensis

BS1097-441 2.4 km NNW of Woodforde Hill, 1.9 km S of North Tiffen Dam, 14.0 km direct ENE Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, North Tiffen Paddock.

Corynotheca licrota Sand Lily


A significant infill/ range

extension - see Table 8.

Crassula colligata subsp. lamprosperma

BS1097-398 Murdie Island, N end, towards W side. [Small island c. 3-4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by helicopter]. Lake Torrens National Park.

Dichromochlamys dentatifolia

BS1097-194 1.7 km

direct ESE of Andamooka HS, on verge of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-511 Plateau on top of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-816 White escarpment to S of track from Andamooka HS to Wilaroo Dam, c. 2.0 km direct WNW from HS (bearing 121°). Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1.



Euphorbia ferdinandi var. ferdinandi

(Fig. 7)

BS1097-499 Face of

black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-793, BS1097-794 Wirrida Wells, 13.5 WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP5.

BS1097-798, BS1097-799 2.2 km direct ESE from Wirrida Wells, on track towards Halfway Tank, 10.7 km direct WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.


At the southern limits of this taxon’s distribution in this area and a minor southerly extension of range.

Green and red-coloured morphs of this species occurring together at this site.

Green and red-coloured morphs of this species occurring together at this site.

Euphorbia porcata

BS1097-101 Base of small gully channel in red sand dune c. 0.15 km WNW of Andamooka HS (newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-38 Andamooka Creek track crossing immediately E of Andamooka HS (c. 0.2 km direct E from newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-615 McCormack Reserve, on dunes approaching N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.



Gilesia biniflora Western Tar-Vine

BS1097-585 McCormack

Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.


Haloragis glauca f. glauca

Bluish Raspwort

BS1097-946 c. 0.25 km SW from newer house at Andamooka HS (survey helipad site). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Harmsiodoxa brevipes var. brevipes

Short Cress

BS1097-419 5.8 km direct ENE from Yeltacowie HS (Outstation), 0.9 km NNW out from track to Dawson Dam. Pernatty Station, Yeltacowie Paddock.

Herniaria cinerea Rupturewort

BS1097-445 Mid SW-facing escarpment slope on hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.2 km direct S of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Willow Paddock.

A widespread species with many records south and east of study area.

Maireana sedifolia Bluebush

BS1097-310 2.1 km direct W of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS, on NE side of road, in flood-out drainage channel flowing into Purple Swamp. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock.

BS1097-633 McCormack Reserve, towards N end, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

Common Iceplant

BS1097-348 Near

homestead buildings at Purple Downs HS. Purple Downs Station, Holding Paddock HP4.

Localised occurrence

within study area associated with human activity. Not often recorded this far north.

Minuria rigida

BS1097-885 Crozier

Creek, 11.6 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.



Myoporum platycarpum subsp. platycarpum

Sugarwood

BS1097-636 McCormack

Reserve, 1.5 km N of Sisters Well, near W side, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.

Nitella lhotzkyi

(Fig. 1)

BS1097-424C, BS1097-777D Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.


Nostoc commune

(Fig. 8)

BS1097-59, BS1097-60

Lower slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.


Oedogonium

BS1097-424D, BS1097-

777E Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-528A Outwash near spring at 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.


Oscillatoria

(Fig. 9)

BS1097-827A Small spring in Lake Torrens [near W side, c. 10 km W of Mountford Spring]. Lake Torrens National Park.

Phormidium

BS1097-827B Small

spring in Lake Torrens [near W side, c. 10 km W of Mountford Spring]. Lake Torrens National Park.

A significant infill/ range

extension - see Table 8.

The material was identified as “possibly Phormidium formosum or P. animale type”

Schismus arabicus Arabian grass

BS1097-429 Tributary on

N side of Whittata Creek, 6.1 km NE of Gum Woolshed (wh. is near Gum Waterhole). Pernatty Station, Acacia Paddock.

Only limited collections of

this species in arid South Australia.

Senecio runcinifolius Thistle-Leaf Groundsel

BS1097-458, BS1097-

462 Towards E side of 'Canegrass Swamp' (which is E of Toby Swamp), 10.2 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS, near fenceline boundary of Sandstone Paddock on NW corner of South Gap



Station. Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock HP21.

Sida calyxhymenia Tall Sida

BS1097-255 9.9 km direct NE of Andamooka township, E of airstrip and at start of track heading WNW back to Swamp Dam. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

Solanum quadriloculatum

Plains Nightshade

BS1097-446 Mid SW-

facing escarpment slope on hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.2 km direct S of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Willow Paddock.

Spergularia diandroides

Lesser Sand-Spurrey


Streptoglossa adscendens

Desert Daisy

BS1097-75 Close to cairn

on summit of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.15 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Tribulus minutus

BS1097-502 Face of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-791 Wirrida Wells, 13.5 WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP5.

Verbena supina var. erecta

Trailing Verbena


Differing from Verbena supina var. supina only in habit and of doubtful taxonomic significance.

Wahlenbergia preissii

BS1097-402 5.8 km direct ENE from Yeltacowie HS (Outstation), 0.9 km NNW out from track to Dawson Dam. Pernatty Station, Yeltacowie Paddock.

At the northern limit of the

species range in SA only exceeded by a single outlier. This occurrence is of further interest due to the extreme variation in hairiness of fruits expressed in the population.



Wahlenbergia queenslandica

BS1097-180 c. 1.0 km

ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Zygophyllum glaucum

Pale Twinleaf

BS1097-381 Murdie Island, N end, towards W side. [Small island c. 3 - 4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by helicopter]. Lake Torrens National Park

BS1097-473 Mountford Spring, mound spring in middle of Lake Torrens forming an island. All samples within 100 m of GPS waypoint. Lake Torrens National Park


Fig. 8. Nostoc commune, a cyanobacterium, in the field (left) and treated specimen (right). BS1097-60. Photo: Chelsea Tothill (left), Bob Baldock (right).

Fig. 9. Oscillatoria sp., a cyanobacterium, under the microscope. BS1097-327. Photo: Bob Baldock.


3.3 Un-named or not formalised taxa

Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V.Fitzgerald s.n. 1898)

This undescribed species is known by a phrase name coined by the WA Herbarium which refers to a collection made in 1898 near the SA border, indicated in Florabase (WA Herbarium 2017). In South Australia it is mainly known from the north end of the Flinders Ranges and the west side of Lake Torrens. It is closely related to the much more widespread Western Myall (Acacia papyrocarpa) but differs in its stiffer, more erect and pungent foliage, as well as several fruit characters. Further details on this taxon can be found in Maslin (2001).

The study area appears to be the main stronghold of this species. Observations made on helicopter flights during the survey revealed that it is a dominant plant along many of the major stony creeklines draining into the western side of Lake Torrens. It forms a linear low woodland formation confined to the drainage lines, delineating them markedly from the surrounding low chenopod shrubland (Fig. 10)

Table 4. Putatively un-named or not formalised taxa in the Lake Torrens survey area.

Taxon Voucher / Location

Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V.Fitzgerald s.n. 1898)

(Fig. 11)

BS1097-430, BS1097-472 Tributary on N side of Whittata Creek, 6.1 km NE of Gum Woolshed (wh. is near Gum Waterhole). Pernatty Station, Acacia Paddock.

BS1097-753, BS1097-761 On Aitken Creek, 1.2 km NNE of Four Mile Dam. Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock.

BS1097-763 On Aitken Creek, 1.0 km NNE of Four Mile Dam. Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock.

BS1097-953 Minor tributary of Bosworth Creek, 0.3 km ENE of Lambies Dam; entomological site LT54. Bosworth Station, No. 2 Paddock.


Fig. 10. Creekline with trees of Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V.Fitzgerald s.n. 1898), Pernatty Station. Photo: Jürgen Kellermann.

Fig. 11. Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V.Fitzgerald s.n. 1898), Tributary on N side of Whittata Creek, Pernatty Station. Photo: Peter Lang.


3.4 Putative new species (new to science)

Riella sp. nov.

A specimen of the aquatic liverwort Riella was collected inadvertently. Only small fragments were discovered amongst mud in the process of sorting and cleaning material of Characeae collected from a dam. There was sufficient material to photograph and make a small specimen and slide.

However, one portion with sporophytes was found, and enough to indicate that this collection was of neither of the two species previously recorded from Australia - R. halophila and R. spiculata. The calyptra in this specimen is plicate, a feature not seen in either of the known species. Further material would be needed to complete a formal identification of the specimen found. As these species are rarely found due to their minute size and the cryptic and transient nature of the habitat, this may not easily be achieved (Fig. 12).

Fig. 12. Riella sp., a putative new species of this aquatic liverwort genus. Photos: Bob Baldock.

Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037) P.J.Lang

This plant was first discovered on 10 May 2014 during a pastoral inspection on Pernatty Station by Andrew Sinel who brought specimens in to State Herbarium for further investigation by botanist Peter Lang. It is known only from a single site which occurs within the study area near Yeltacowie outstation.

The site was targeted for the Bush Blitz survey. The extent of the population, estimated to comprise about 500 plants scattered over an area of c. 400 x 200m, was confirmed. No other occurrences were found despite searching in similar habitat nearby and elsewhere on the survey. To sample the variation present, 10 individuals were collected from across the extent of population, each supported by leaf tissue samples for DNA. Some variability was noted between individuals in fruit size and shape, indicating that plants have grown from sexually produced seed and therefore not likely to be a single clone.


Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037) (Fig. 13) appears closely related to Sclerolaena intricata but is readily distinguished by the reduced number of spines and distinctively elongate floral tube. It may prove to be a distinct related species, or it may only be a hybrid between S. intricata and another taxon. One possibility for the other parent, based on morphological resemblance, is Neobassia procera. This would explain its divergence from S. intricata by contributing the more open spreading habit, the stronger ridging on the stems, the extremely elongated fruit tube, and in being slightly more hairy in the axils and on young leaves. An intergeneric hybrid would not be particularly surprising here given that the generic limits within a group of genera allied to Sclerolaena and Maireana appear somewhat artificial and arbitrary.

This postulated hybrid parentage is supported by the co-occurrence of S. intricata at the site. On the other hand, N. procera was not recorded there, although it does occur in the study area in similar habitat further north on the western side of Lake Torrens. The other Sclerolaena species detected at the site, S. ventricosa (BS1097-406, & -412), seems an unlikely candidate for parent based on its morphology.

The highly restricted occurrence, lack of an obviously differentiated niche, and occurrence within an extensive generally uniform area (Arcoona Plateau Land system) tends to favour the hybrid origin hypothesis, but does not preclude it being a distinct species. To resolve this question, it is recommended that the status of Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037) be investigated using molecular methods, with DNA sequencing of the putative parents and potentially related Sclerolaena species.

Fig. 13. Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037) (in immediate foreground), growing in low shrubland with Tecticornia medullosa, Pernatty Station. Photo: Peter Lang.


Table 5. Putative new species (new to science) from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz study area.

Species Voucher / Comment

Riella sp. nov. BS1097-777F Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS, in clear water of dam, near edge. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R.Kelman CAR037)

BS1097-405, BS1097-408, BS1097-409, BS1097-410, BS1097-411, BS1097-413, BS1097-414, BS1097-415, BS1097-416, BS1097-417

5.5 km direct ENE from Yeltacowie HS (Outstation), on NW side of track to Dawson Dam. Pernatty Station, Yeltacowie Paddock.

3.5 Weed or pest species

Within the study area all weed taxa seen were collected and documented. Generally, much of the area surveyed was intact, healthy, native vegetation, free of weeds, or only contained a few low-impact taxa. Only 30 weed taxa were recorded as part of the survey, relatively few taxa for such a large area. Twenty-five of these are deemed common and widespread weeds of low concern.

Five weed taxa are highlighted as needing intervention and control. Three are high priority species and declared weeds species in SA: Cenchrus pennisetiformis (Buffel Grass), Lycium ferocissimum (African Boxthorn) and Opuntia engelmannii (Prickly Pear Cactus). These species were present in low numbers and should be controlled while still feasible. If allowed to persist, they will eventually spread widely throughout the area and have negative impacts on native plants and animals.

A further two species were highlighted as medium priority for control: Acetosa vesicaria (Rosy Dock) and Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (Common Ice Plant). These were also present in low numbers, and it should be still feasible that they can be controlled. These species are known to have negative impacts on native plants and animals in similar environments.

Other weeds should be monitored and any significant population spread or increase, especially in areas of high traffic, controlled to reduce the possibility of further spread. Advice on feasibility and methods of control for individual taxa should be sought from Natural Resources SA Arid Lands.

Table 6. State or National weed or pest species recorded in the Lake Torrens study area.

Pest/weed species Location sighted/observed Indication of abundance

Comments

Acetosa vesicaria

(Rosy Dock)

BS1097-4 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Andamooka HS, environs of newer house.

Locally abundant

Medium concern – An annual, fleshy, hollow-stemmed, weedy herb to 1 m tall. Can become common in the arid zone, spreading by seed. Thrives in undisturbed and degraded ecosystems alike, forming monocultures; can become dominant, out-competing native species. A potential major threat to native plants and animals.

BS1097-489 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Face of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon.

Locally

codominant



Comments

Brassica tournefortii

(Wild Turnip)

BS1097-372 Lake Torrens National

Park, Murdie Island, N end, towards W side. [Small island c. 3 - 4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by helicopter]. .

Occasional A widespread and common annual weed, particularly in disturbed sites and a wide variety of natural habitats in temperate, semi-arid and arid regions.

BS1097-695 Purple Downs Station, O'Reilley's Paddock. c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Small gully junction of red sand dune and limestone cobble.

–

BS1097-624 Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.McCormack Reserve, on dunes approaching N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS.

Occasional

BS1097-11 Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1.Bush Blitz quadrat SSS1, 2.5 km WNW of Andamooka HS, on N side of track to Wilaroo Dam.

Locally abundant

Carrichtera annua

(Ward’s Weed)

BS1097-299 3.1 km direct WNW of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock.

Occasional A widespread and common annual weed. Can become dominant in degraded environments.

Cenchrus pennisetiformis

(Buffel Grass)

BS1097-278 Andamooka township, in undeveloped verge fronting service station (and nearby post office) on S side of Opal Creek Boulevard just SE of junction of Christmas Hill Rd

Locally

abundant

High concern. A perennial, tufted grass, considered a serious environmental weed that is highly invasive in arid environments. Once established it out-competes other plants forming monocultures, causing a dramatic loss of native vegetation, including desirable pasture plants. Can cause oxalate poisoning in stock if over consumed, and poses a significant fire threat where it is dominant.

Centaurea melitensis

(Maltese Cockspur)

BS1097-178 Andamooka Station,

Andamooka South Paddock, c. 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well.

Locally frequent

An erect, spiny, annual weed of disturbed and degraded areas. Occasionally known to invade natural ecosystems.

Citrullus lanatus

(Bitter Melon)


Andamooka South Paddock. Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. On inner slope of dam wall, 6 m from water's edge.

2 plants only A widespread and common weedy, soft, flat herb of disturbed sandy sites, pastures, floodplains, along river banks and in drainage areas.



Comments

Cucumis myriocarpus

(Paddy Melon)


Andamooka South Paddock, c. 0.25 km SW from newer house at Andamooka HS (survey helipad site).

Not recorded A widespread and common weedy, soft, flat herb of disturbed sites, roadsides and agricultural areas. Also widespread in some natural communities like grasslands and open woodlands.

Emex australis

(Three-Cornered Jack)


Andamooka South Paddock. Base of small gully channel in red sand dune c. 0.15 km WNW of Andamooka HS (newer house).

Rare A widespread and

common soft, weedy herb with sharp fruit, especially in agricultural areas.

Erodium aureum

(Storks Bill)


Andamooka South Paddock. Close to cairn on summit of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.15 km NW of newer house.

Occasional

A widespread weedy

herb in arid Australia.

BS1097-661 Roxby Downs Station,

Kookaburra Paddock. c. 27 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS.

–

BS1097-575 Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. McCormack Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS.

Rare

Erodium cicutarium

(Common Storks Bill)

BS1097-61 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Lower S-facing slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house.

Occasional A widespread and

common weedy herb in arid Australia.

BS1097-756 Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock. On Aitken Creek, 1.2 km NNE of Four Mile Dam.

Occasional

Gypsophila tubulosa

(Clammy Gypsophila)

BS1097-890 Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. Crozier Creek, 11.6 km direct ESE Andamooka township.

Rare Occasional small annual

weedy herb.

BS1097-752 Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock. On Aitken Creek, 1.2 km NNE of Four Mile Dam.

Occasional / Rare

Heliotropium curassavicum

(Smooth Heliotrope)

BS1097-820 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Andamooka Waterhole, in gully beside waterhole.

– Widespread flat, short-

lived weedy herb.

Herniaria cinerea

(Herniaria)

BS1097-445 Pernatty Station, Willow

Paddock, Mid SW-facing escarpment slope on hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.2 km direct S of Pernatty HS.

Rare A small, flat, annual

weedy herb. Commonly recorded south and east of study area.

Lysimachia arvensis (Anagallis arvensis in SA)

(Pimpernel)

BS1097-49 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Andamooka Creek track crossing immediately E of Andamooka HS (c. 0.2 km direct E from newer house).

Single plant seen A widespread and

common weed. A soft, flat annual herb.



Comments

BS1097-891 Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. Crozier Creek, 11.6 km direct ESE Andamooka township.

Single plant seen

Lycium ferocissimum

(African Boxthorn)

BS1097-307 Purple Swamp. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock. 2.1 km direct W of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS, on NE side of road, in flood-out drainage channel flowing into Purple swamp.

Single patch

10-15 plants

High concern.

A rounded, spiny invasive shrub, only recorded once in the study area. Rigid stems with pale mauve flowers, Berries ripening orange-red and spread by animals. Invades all types of natural and disturbed habitats.

Malva parviflora

(Small-Flowered) Marshmallow)

BS1097-464 Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock HP21. Towards E side of 'Canegrass Swamp' (which is E of Toby Swamp), 10.2 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS, near fenceline boundary of Sandstone Paddock on NW corner of South Gap Station.

Rare

A widespread and common flat, low-growing weed of disturbed areas.

Malvastrum americanum var. americanum

(Malvastrum)

BS1097-169 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. About 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well.

Locally abundant

A questionably native

plant species that is common of roadsides in the arid zones.


Andamooka South Paddock. c. 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well.

rare

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

(Common Ice Plant)

BS1097-348 Purple Downs Station,

Holding Paddock HP4. Near homestead buildings at Purple Downs HS.

– Medium concern.

A semi-succulent, flat weed. Not often recorded this far north, this is a moderate range extension. Can form monocultures in degraded areas or in favourable environmental conditions.

Opuntia engelmannii

(Prickly Pear Cactus)

(Fig. 18)

BS1097-818 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Lower slope of rocky hill c. 0.2 km NW of Andamooka HS (newer house).

Locally frequent

High concern. An aggressive, spiny cactus that is extremely hardy and drought-tolerant. A Declared weed that can form large stands of spiny pads, excludes native plants and can harm wildlife and stock.

BS1097-819 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock, Andamooka HS, by Callitris stand NW of the older house and 120 m W of the newer house.

Isolated plants



Comments

Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum

(Jersey Cudweed)

BS1097-771 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. On inner slope of dam wall, 6 m from water's edge.

Frequent A questionably native

plant species. Very common and widespread annual herb.

Rostraria pumila

(Tiny Bristle-Grass)

BS1097-465 Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock HP21. Towards E side of 'Canegrass Swamp' (which is E of Toby Swamp), 10.2 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS, near fenceline boundary of Sandstone Paddock on NW corner of South Gap Station.

Rare

A widespread and

common weedy grass.

BS1097-702 Purple Downs Station, O'Reilley's Paddock. c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Small 50 m2 plateau half way down a ridge.

Common

BS1097-556 Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock, McCormack Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS..

Rare

BS1097-316 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock,24.3 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS (bearing 246°), on Andamooka Station Road [and 4.3 km direct E of it s junction with Olympic Dam Hwy].

Rare

Schismus arabicus

(Arabian Schismus)

BS1097-429 Pernatty Station, Acacia

Paddock. Tributary on N side of Whittata Creek, 6.1 km NE of Gum Woolshed (wh. is near Gum Waterhole).

Occasional A small, weedy grass

with limited collections in arid SA. Not previously recorded from the study area.

Schismus barbatus

(Mediterranean Schismus)

BS1097-550 Roxby Downs Station,

Sisters Ram Paddock. McCormack Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS.

Occasional A very widespread and common small, weedy grass. Very similar to Schismus arabicus (Arabian schismus).

BS1097-15 Bush Blitz quadrat SSS1, 2.5 km WNW of Andamooka HS, on N side of track to Wilaroo Dam. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1.

Abundant

Sisymbrium erysimoides

(Mediterranean Rocket)

BS1097-680 Roxby Downs Station, Boundary Paddock. c. 35 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS, c. 1.5 km NW of The Knoll, on edge of dried clay pan.

Patchy A common and widespread weedy herb throughout arid and temperate Australia.

BS1097-168 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock, c. 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well.

Locally abundant

BS1097-5, BS1097-6 Andamooka HS, environs of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Locally abundant



Comments

Sisymbrium irio

(London Rocket)


Andamooka South Paddock. c. 0.25 km SW from newer house at Andamooka HS (survey helipad site).

– A common and widespread weedy herb throughout arid and warm temperate Australia.

Sisymbrium orientale

(Indian Hedge Mustard)


Abundant A common and widespread weedy herb throughout arid and temperate and warm Australia.

Solanum nigrum

(Blackberry Nightshade)

(Fig. 14)


Andamooka South Paddock. Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. On inner slope of dam wall, 6 m from water's edge.

Frequent A common and widespread erect, weedy herb.

Sonchus oleraceus

(Common Sow-Thistle)

BS1097-52 Lower slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Occasional A very common and

widespread erect, weedy, soft herb.

BS1097-389 Murdie Island, N end,

towards W side. [Small island c. 3 - 4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by helicopter]. Lake Torrens National Park.

Rare

BS1097-569 Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. McCormack Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS.

Frequent

BS1097-120 Bush Blitz quadrat SSS2, 3.0 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, on S side of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

Rare

BS1097-718 Bosworth Station, No. 2 Paddock. Near NW end of Carrapateena Arm of Lake Torrens and and its junction with Bosworth Creek

Frequent

Verbena supina var. erecta

(Trailing Verbena)


Abundant A widespread and

common perennial, weedy herb.

Verbena supina var. supina

(Trailing Verbena)


Occasional A widespread and

common perennial, weedy herb.


Rare


Fig. 14. An unusually woody form of Solanum nigrum, a weed from the nightshade family. Photo: Peter Lang.


3.6 Vulnerable, threatened or endangered species

Six species, having conservation status listed in SA, were recorded during the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey (Table 7).

Santalum spicatum (Sandalwood) (Fig. 15)

This species is currently listed as vulnerable in SA due to the threat posed by illegal harvesting of sandalwood to exploit the fragrant properties of its timber.

Although widespread in the arid zone, Sandalwood does appear to have suffered a major decline in many parts of its range, probably due to the combined impacts of harvesting, and browsing of seedlings by stock and feral animals. Indeed the impact of grazing is likely to continue to restrict the distribution of this species.

It was only encountered at two sites during the survey, and significantly one of these was in Sisters Ram Paddock (McCormack Reserve), which has a history of a more limited grazing. Sandalwood is usually sparsely distributed, occurring as occasional single trees or in small clusters, but tends to be scattered widely throughout suitable land systems, and is probably more common than numbers encountered might suggest.

Brachyscome eriogona and Gilesia biniflora (Western Tar-Vine)

Both these species are widely distributed in the arid zone and are probably under-collected due to their ephemeral nature. They are sometimes seen in large numbers in response to rain events. Both are currently under consideration for de-listing in SA.

Corynotheca licrota (Sand Lily)

This species is typically found in deep sand, often on the crests of dunes, and has a wide range on this habitat within SA. It is probably often overlooked when not in flower and is thus likely to be more common than the limited number of collections would suggest. It is also under consideration for de-listing in SA.

Duma horrida subsp. horrida (Spiny Lignum)

This perennial species was found in the study area in a narrow habitat zone on the west side of Lake Campbell. It is only the second collection of the species from the Gairdner-Torrens botanical region of SA, having been collected once previously from Lake Campbell in 1971. This constitutes a puzzling and extremely disjunct outlier of a species that is otherwise only known in SA from the River Murray floodplain. As such it is a biogeographically significant population of conservation importance, and it is recommended that its condition be monitored (Table 7). To more fully evaluate its significance DNA sequencing should be done to investigate the degree of genetic differentiation that exists between the Lake Campbell and the River Murray populations.

Orobanche cernua var. australiana (Australian Broomrape) (Fig. 16)

This species appears to be linked to rain events in a similar way to the previous two taxa, but is probably more limited by its parasitic nature and the need to form root connections with specific host species. Its known host species include a number of perennial daisy species from the genera Senecio, Minuria and Leiocarpa.

It was only encountered at a single site during the survey, where two voucher specimens were collected. One of these is especially valuable in demonstrating its host relationship, as it was excavated carefully to maintain an intact root connection with the host, in this case an adjacent Leiocarpa websteri bush (BS1097-287). A root connection on another individual to Minuria cunninghamii (BS1097-284) was also ascertained at this site but unfortunately was severed in the final stages of excavation.


Fig. 15. Santalum spicatum (Sandalwood). Photo: Peter Lang.

Fig. 16. The parasitic plant Orobanche cernua var. australiana, with its host plant Leiocarpa websteri in the background. Photo: Peter Lang.


Table 7. Vulnerable, threatened or endangered species from the Lake Torrens survey area.

Species Listing status Location sighted/observed Indication of abundance

EBPC

SA

(NPWS)

Santalum spicatum (Sandalwood)

– V

BS1097-537 11.2 km direct W of

Roxby Downs HS, on S side of track to Sisters Well. Roxby Downs Station, Bambridge's Paddock.

BS1097-629 McCormack Reserve, towards N end, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.

Only 1 plant seen

at this site.

Only 1 plant recorded for this site.

Brachyscome eriogona – R

BS1097-461 Towards E side of

'Canegrass Swamp' (which is E of Toby Swamp), 10.2 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS, near fenceline boundary of Sandstone Paddock on NW corner of South Gap Station. Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock HP21.

Occasional


– R

BS1097-930 2.4 km ESE of Phillips

Ridge Dam, 10.4 km direct E of Roxby Downs township (PO). Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

Only 3 plants seen

at this site.


– R

BS1097-950 W side of Lake Campbell, 23.5 km direct SW of Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Campbell Paddock.

Localised

occurrence in narrow zone near lake margin (reported by entomologist who collected specimen)

Gilesia biniflora (Western Tar-Vine)

– R

BS1097-585 McCormack Reserve,

on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock.


Occasional

Occasional

Orobanche cernua var. australiana (Australian Broomrape)

– R

BS1097-282, BS1097-286 8.3 km

direct SSE of Andamooka township on road to Andamooka HS, depression on E side of road, 0.7 km NE of White Dam Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

Locally frequent. Estimated several hundred individual flowering spikes within an area of less than 50m in extent.


3.7 Range extensions

Range extensions were evaluated by comparing the list of new taxon records for the study area (see Table 3) with their distributions displayed on the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) Spatial Portal using specimen-based records with certain ID’s. Cases where the nearest ALA record was 150 km or more away were deemed to be a significant infill or extension to the known range and these are listed in Table 8 below.

Only two terrestrial vascular plants fitted this category: one a native species, Corynotheca licrota (Sand Lily), and one a weedy alien, Cenchrus pennisetiformis (Buffel Grass). The remaining species are all aquatic plants which inherently have more fragmented distributions due to the patchy distribution, both spatially and temporally, of water bodies in the arid zone.

Callitriche, a semi-aquatic vascular plant, was represented by vegetative material only and could not be identified with certainty. There is a chance that it may not be a native species, but it is still of significance even at genus level.

The remaining aquatics comprise seven taxa that may loosely be referred to as ‘algae’ (Chlorophyta, Charophyta and cyanobacteria) and an aquatic Liverwort (Riella). It is not surprising that the survey has expanded the known distribution of these species. Such taxa tend to be relatively under-represented in herbaria due to there being fewer specialists working on them and because they are less amenable to the standard sampling, collection and curation methods usually employed in general biological surveys. The Bush Blitz survey provided an opportunity to help redress this imbalance.

Table 8. Range extensions or significant infill in distribution records for species from the Lake Torrens study area.

Species Location sighted/ observed

Distance from nearest known record (kms)

Comments

Callitriche ?sonderi (Matted Water Starwort)

BS1097-920 Crozier

Creek, 11.3 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock.

>350 km (sp.)

>200 km (genus)

A significant southern extension of range for arid zone occurrences of C. sonderi, (although the species is also found further S in River Murray and South-east of SA) Major infill: over 360 km SE from nearest record of C. sonderi, and over 230 km NNW from nearest record of any Callitriche

Cenchrus pennisetiformis (Buffel Grass)

BS1097-278 Andamooka township, in undeveloped verge fronting service station (and nearby post office) on S side of Opal Creek Boulevard just SE of junction of Christmas Hill Rd.

c.150 km

Small but significant extension of range to SW, c. 150 km W from nearest collection. Cenchrus pennisetiformis reaches its southern limit in this region, unlike the more widespread Buffel Grass species Cenchrus ciliaris.

Chara globularis (Fragile Stonewort; Charophyta)

BS1097-424A,

BS1097-777C Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

>450 km

Significant infill in known distribution: otherwise only known in SA on ALA from collections in Adelaide area. Has a wide distribution in Australia and is probably under-collected.




Comments

Chara preissii (Stonewort; Charophyta)

BS1097-424B, BS1097-777B Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

>750 km

Significant infill in known distribution: not otherwise known in SA based on ALA collections. However, Michelle Casanova (pers. comm., 2016), who assisted with identification of this material, has seen material from several locations in southern SA, the northernmost being Thorndon Park Reservoir, in the NE of Adelaide. On this basis the nearest record would still be c. 450 km away.



c.200 km

Significant infill in known distribution which has a major gap that encompasses most of arid SA and extends into NW of NSW and adjoining areas of Qld. About 200 km NE from nearest collection (between Lake Acraman and Lake Gairdner).

Nitella lhotzkyi (Stonewort; Charophyta)

(Fig. 1)

BS1097-424C, BS1097-777D Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

>450 km

Significant infill in known distribution: otherwise only known in SA on ALA from collections in Adelaide area. Has a wide distribution in Australia and is probably under-collected. Michelle Casanova (pers. comm., 2016), who assisted with identification of this material, reported occurrences of this species from as close as the Gawler Ranges, but this still leaves the survey collection as a significant extension.

Nostoc commune (Star Jelly, a blue-green alga; cyanobacteria)

BS1097-59, BS1097-60 Lower slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

c.150 km

Significant infill in known distribution. About 150 km NW from nearest collection (Bunyeroo Gorge, Flinders Ranges). Likely to be highly under-collected.

Oedogonium (filamentous green alga; Chlorophyta)

BS1097-424D, BS1097-777E Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-528A Outwash near spring at 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

>450 km

The first collections from the arid zone of SA. A significant infill, over 480 km NNW from nearest collection (in Adelaide).




Comments

Oscillatoria (a filamentous blue-green alga; cyanobacteria)

BS1097-827A Small spring in Lake Torrens [near W side, c. 10 km W of Mountford Spring]. Lake Torrens National Park

>1600 km Significant range extension: only represented on ALA by records from coastal Queensland.

Phormidium (a filamentous blue-green alga; cyanobacteria)

BS1097-825A

Andamooka Waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

BS1097-827B Small spring in Lake Torrens [near W side, c. 10 km W of Mountford Spring]. Lake Torrens National Park

>450 km

Significant infill in known distribution, c. 460 km N from nearest record (on Kangaroo Island).

Riella (an aquatic liverwort; Marchantiophyta)

BS1097-777F Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS, in clear water of dam, near edge. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock.

>200 km

Significant infill in known

distribution, c. 230 km SSE from nearest record (on Anna Creek Station, S of Oodnadatta). Sparse distribution with only nine main locations on ALA.


Fig. 17. Lawrencia glomerata; population samples for DNA analysis were collected for this species at three sites. Photo: Peter Lang.

4. Information on species lists

An extract was downloaded from ALA as at 5 May 2017 using the study area as a cut-out and with the following filters:

(a) Life form = Plants

(b) Preserved Specimen = Yes

‘Sight–only’ records that cannot be validated by examination of a preserved voucher specimen are problematic and their interpretation and assessment proved to be unacceptably time consuming in a previous Bush Blitz survey on Hiltaba Station (Lang et al. 2013, p. 10). In that survey non vouchered records contributed significantly to the extremely high proportion ( > 20%) of existing records on the initially provided list that were eventually excluded after comprehensive investigations and assessment (Lang et al. 2013, pp. 49 ff., Tables 21 & 22).

Application of the above two filters resulted in an extract of 4146 records comprising 3895 from the Australian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) plus a further 228 from the SA DEWNR databases, 15 GBIF records from overseas herbaria and 8 New Zealand Herbarium records (from AK). Investigation of the DEWNR records showed that they were duplicates of corresponding ADHERB collections already in the dataset, and the overseas herbarium were


found to add no new taxa to the extracted list (with at least the majority likely to be duplicates of AD collections also). Effectively the extracted list of existing records represents the AVH listing for Plant species in the study area.

Table 9. Rejected ALA taxa records from study area.

Family Taxon Comment

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena sp. B Not listed in APC.

Cupressaceae Callitris columellaris Non-current concept, presumably Callitris glaucophylla.

Fabaceae Acacia dorsenna Erroneous coordinates on ALA for single collection from between Norseman and Coolgardie (E.M. Canning WA/68 2662, AD99505374).

Fabaceae Indigofera brevidens Presumably this is I. psammophila; the name I. brevidens was previously misapplied in SA (no AD records, only ones from other herbaria).

Goodeniaceae Goodenia gibbosa

5 ALA occurrences on the W side of Lake Torrens (3 in

study area) are based on AD collections, which have recently been re-determined as Goodenia pinnatifida s.lat.

Juncaginaceae Triglochin calcitrapa Non-current concept in SA, redundant.

Malvaceae Abutilon oxycarpum Unlikely to be this taxon; there are only 2 records for var oxycarpum, both from LE (Lake Eyre) in SA Census. This may be A. malvifolium.

Malvaceae Malva preissiana Probable non-current usage, most ALA records for SA are likely to be M. weinmanniana, rather than M. preissiana.

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. obtusa

A subspecies of tropical Australia, not recognised as occurring in SA.

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus odorata Wrong coordinates assigned to the sole collection (M.I.H.

Brooker 8457, PERTH 1364421, Pt Germein Gorge).

Myrtaceae Melaleuca pauperiflora

Presumed to be M. xerophila and a result of a misapplication of old concept; this is well outside range of species as currently understood (both records non AD).

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus lacunarius

The red sand dune habitat of single AD collection (J.N. Browne 246, AD 98506291) and its determination, dated 1985, indicate that it is more likely Phyllanthus lacunellus, as are most ALA records for SA are currently assigned to P. lacunaria.

Poaceae Stipa scabra var. auriculata

A non-current concept(?), not in SA Census.


5. Information for land managers

Native species

One native species is seen to be of significance. Duma horrida subsp. horrida is a remarkably disjunct outlier of a rare species that is otherwise known in SA only from the River Murray flood plain. See Table 10 for additional information.

Weeds

Five species are highlighted for control. Three of these are declared weeds and are listed as high priority: Cenchrus pennisetiformis (Buffel Grass), Lycium ferocissimum (African Boxthorn) and Opuntia engelmannii (Prickly Pear Cactus; Fig. 18). These taxa should be controlled while still in low numbers. If allowed to persist they will eventually spread widely throughout the area and have negative impacts on native plants and animals.

A further two taxa, Acetosa vesicaria (Rosy Dock) and Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (Common Ice Plant), have been listed as medium priority and highlighted for control as these are known to cause negative impacts on native plants and animals in similar environments. Again, these taxa should be controlled while still in low number.

Advice should be sought from Natural Resources SA Arid Lands for control of all weeds. Weeds that become a concern due to population spread or increase, especially around high traffic areas should be controlled to reduce the possibility of further spread.

Fig. 18. Opuntia engelmannii, a high priority weed warranting control, colonising the hill behind Andamooka Homestead. Photo: Peter Lang.

McCormack Reserve

During the survey the botany team also visited McCormack Reserve (previously called Sister’s Ram Paddock) on Roxby Down Station. While under the management of BHP Billiton, this area was set aside for conservation purposes, as it had a history of lighter grazing and had


been destocked since 1997. The vegetation in this area was found to be in good condition with regeneration of Western Myall and Bluebush. The continued protection of this area from grazing should be a priority.

Fig. 19. The botany team processing plants on McCormack Reserve. Photo: Reece Pedler.

Table 10. Noteworthy sites/species from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz area.

An asterisk indicates an alien species.

Site/Species Latitude Longitude Description Comments


-30.86 136.588

BS1097-950 W side of Lake Campbell, 23.5 km direct SW of Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Campbell Paddock. Localised occurrence in narrow zone near western margin of lake.

A biogeographically significant occurrence in a specialised habitat zone that warrants monitoring. This population is a remarkably disjunct outlier of a rare (and probably threatened) species that is otherwise known in South Australia only from the River Murray flood plain.

It is suggested that several photo-points be established to detect any changes in the size and condition of the population.



*Acetosa vesicaria

(Rosy Dock) -30.7264 137.2014

BS1097-4 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Andamooka HS, environs of newer house.

Medium priority weed

An annual fleshy hollow stemmed weedy herb to 1 metre tall. Can be common in the arid zone, spreading by seed. It can thrive in undisturbed and degraded ecosystems alike, forming monocultures. It can become dominant out-competing native species. A potential major threat to native plants and animals.

Recommend that population is controlled while in low numbers. manual removal (Hand pulling) or chemical control is possible

-30.6892 137.2712

BS1097-489 Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Face of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon.

*Cenchrus pennisetiformis

(Buffel Grass)

-30.4478 137.167

BS1097-278 Andamooka township, in undeveloped verge fronting service station (and nearby post office) on S side of Opal Creek Boulevard just SE of junction of Christmas Hill Rd

High priority weed

A perennial tufted grass, considered a serious environmental weed that is highly invasive in arid environments. Once established this out-competes other plants forming a monocultures causing a dramatic loss of native vegetation, including desirable pasture plants. Can cause oxalate poisoning in stock if over consumed, and poses a significant fire threat where it is dominant.

Recommend that population is removed while in low number. Chemical or manual removal is possible. Contact Troy Bowman [email protected] for latest and best method for Buffel grass control



*Lycium ferocissimum

(African Boxthorn)

-30.7254 137.2007

BS1097-307 Purple Swamp. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock. 2.1 km direct W of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS, on NE side of road, in flood-out drainage channel flowing into Purple swamp.

High priority weed

A rounded spiny invasive shrub, only recorded once in the study area. Rigid stems with pale mauve flowers, Berries ripening orange-red and spread by animals. Invades all types of natural and disturbed habitats. Can replace native vegetation, eventually dominating the landscape limiting physical entry where present.

Recommend that population is removed while in low numbers. Chemical control or manual removal is possible.

*Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

(Common Ice Plant)

-30.7889

136.8947

BS1097-348 Purple Downs Station, Holding Paddock HP4. Near homestead buildings at Purple Downs HS.

Medium priority weed

A semi-succulent flat weed. Not often recorded this far north and is a moderate range extension. Can form monocultures in degraded areas or in favourable environmental conditions.

Recommend controlling population to prevent further spread.

*Opuntia engelmannii

(Prickly Pear Cactus)

(Fig. 18)

-30.7248 137.1999

BS1097-818 Frequent - Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. Lower slope of rocky hill c. 0.2 km NW of Andamooka HS (newer house).

High priority weed

A spiny cacti that is extremely hardy and drought tolerant

A declared weed that can form large stands of spiny pads that excludes native plants and can harm wildlife and stock.

Recommend control of all cacti to prevent spread.


Fig. 20. Botanists Teresa Lebel and Helen Vonow collecting algae from Willaroo Dam, Andamooka Station. Photo: Peter Lang.


6. Conclusions

The 2017 Bush Blitz Survey to Lake Torrens and five adjoining pastoral leases provided an opportunity to greatly increase the knowledge on the flora of the area. A total of 382 unique plant taxa were recorded on the survey, comprising 358 vascular plants, 16 bryophytes, 4 algae, and 7 cyanobacteria. Twelve lichens were also recorded. Non-lichenous fungi are covered in a separate report by T. Lebel, but the 16 taxa recorded on survey are also listed here in Appendix III.

Significantly, 32 vascular plant taxa and 6 cryptogams (1 bryophyte, 3 cyanobacteria, 2 algae) were recorded from the study area for the first time.

Incorporating existing ALA specimen records and some known non-databased AD records, resulted in a total list of 699 vascular plants for the survey area (Appendix I), of which only 88 are introduced weeds and a further 5 listed as questionably native. Cyanobacteria, algae and bryophytes are listed separately (Appendix II), as are lichens and fungi (Appendix III).

Of the 30 weed taxa recorded on survey, 5 taxa are highlighted for control (Sections 3.4 & 6). The remaining 25 are considered to be of low concern, but should be monitored, with any significant population spread or increase being noted and advice sought from Natural Resources SA Arid Lands on feasibility and methods of control.

The survey was undertaken following a season of above average rainfall, making ephemeral plants abundant and well represented.

The survey resulted in the collection of 996 specimens: comprising 849 vascular plants, 41 bryophytes, 20 algae (incl. cyanobacteria), 1 undetermined taxon, and 85 fungi and lichens. Leaf samples in silica gel for future DNA analysis were collected from almost all specimens. The collections have been databased and lodged at the State Herbarium of South Australia (AD), with a significant number of duplicates at the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL).


Acknowledgements

Funding Source

Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study

Field Staff

Kokatha indigenous custodians, who made us feel welcome on country and accompanied the botany team to some of the sites.

Entomologists Peter Hudson (SAM), Gary Taylor (University of Adelaide) and Remko Leijs (SAM), as well as Tony Robinson, Dave Armstrong (DEWNR) and others, who made opportunistic collections of some plant specimens.

Reece Pedler (DEWNR Community Fauna Officer, SA Arid Lands) who accompanied us to McCormack Reserve.

Preparation of DEWNR Vehicles and Field Gear

Dave Armstrong (DEWNR).

Document review

Internal review of this document was conducted by Peter Canty, Manager, State Herbarium of South Australia.


References

Brandle, R. (ed.) (1998). A biological survey of the Stony Deserts, South Australia, 1994-1997. (Heritage and Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs, South Australia: Adelaide).

Jessop, J.P. & Toelken, H.R. (1986). Flora of South Australia, 4th edn. (Government Printer, SA: Adelaide).

Kellermann, J. (2011–). Flora of South Australia, 5th edn. http://flora.sa.gov.au/ed5 [published in PDF chapters online]. State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide.

Kutsche, F. & Lay, B. (2003). Field guide to the plants of outback South Australia. Pastoral Program, Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, SA: Adelaide.

Lang, P.J., Kellermann, J., Bell, G.H. & Cross, H.B. (2013). Flora survey on Hiltaba Station and Gawler Ranges National Park: vascular plants, macrofungi, lichens, and bryophytes. Report for Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. (Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, SA: Adelaide). https://data.environment.sa.gov.au/Content/Publications/Lang%20et%20al.%20Hiltaba%20Flora%202013.pdf [accessed 2 May 2017].

Maslin, B.R. (2001). Acacia papyrocarpa. Flora of Australia 11B: 108.

Nicolle, D. (2013). Native eucalypts of South Australia. Published by the author.

State Herbarium of South Australia (2017). eFloraSA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. (Department of Water, Environment and Natural Resources, SA: Adelaide). http://flora.sa.gov.au [accessed: 23 May 2017].

WA Herbarium (2017). Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V. Fitzgerald s.n. 1898). In: Florabase, the Western Australian flora. (Department of Parks & Wildlife, WA: Perth). https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/20342 [accessed: 2 May 2017].


Appendices

Appendix I. List of vascular plants recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area

Appendix II. List of non-vascular plants (cyanobacteria, algae and bryophytes) recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area

Appendix III. List of lichens and fungi recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area

Appendix IV. List of collection sites the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area

Fig. 21. Swainsona formosa. Photo: Peter Lang.


Appendix I. List of vascular plants recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area.

New record = newly recorded for the study area; ALA = listed in ALA before the survey; BB = collected during the Bush Blitz survey; Exclude = redundant

ALA records that were not included in the final species count, also indicated in grey colour; SA = Listed in South Australian legislation; Native = native (Y) or

introduced (N) in South Australia.

Family Taxon Common Name New

record ALA BB Exclude SA Native

Acanthaceae Rostellularia adscendens subsp. adscendens Y R Y

Acanthaceae Rostellularia adscendens var. pogonanthera Pink Tongues Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Carpobrotus Y Y

Aizoaceae Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum Round-leaf Pigface Y Y

Aizoaceae Gunniopsis calva Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Gunniopsis kochii Koch's Pigface Y Y

Aizoaceae Gunniopsis papillata Twin-leaf Pigface Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Gunniopsis quadrifida Sturt's Pigface Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Gunniopsis septifraga Green Pigface Y Y

Aizoaceae Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Common Iceplant Y Y N

Aizoaceae Sarcozona praecox Sarcozona Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Tetragonia eremaea Desert Spinach Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Tetragonia tetragonoides New Zealand spinach Y Y

Aizoaceae Trianthema triquetrum (1) Red Spinach Y Y Y

Aizoaceae Zaleya galericulata (2) Hogweed Y Y

Amaranthaceae Alternanthera Y R

Amaranthaceae Alternanthera denticulata Lesser Joyweed Y Y

Amaranthaceae Alternanthera nodiflora Common Joyweed Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Alternanthera pungens Khaki Weed Y N

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus grandiflorus Large-flower Amaranth Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus nobilis Y R Y




Amaranthaceae Ptilotus nobilis subsp. nobilis Yellow-tails Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus obovatus Silver Mulla Mulla Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus parvifolius Small-leaf Mulla Mulla Y Y

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus polystachyus Long-tails Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Ptilotus sessilifolius Crimson-tails Y Y Y

Amaranthaceae Surreya diandra (3) Y Y

Amaryllidaceae Crinum flaccidum Murray Lily Y Y

Apiaceae Daucus glochidiatus Native Carrot Y Y Y

Apocynaceae Cynanchum viminale subsp. australe Caustic Bush Y Y Y

Apocynaceae Marsdenia australis Native Pear Y Y

Araliaceae Trachymene glaucifolia Blue Parsnip Y Y Y

Asparagaceae Arthropodium Y R Y

Asparagaceae Arthropodium fimbriatum Nodding Vanilla-lily Y Y Y

Asparagaceae Murchisonia volubilis (4) Y Y Y

Asparagaceae Thysanotus baueri Mallee Fringe-lily Y Y Y

Asphodelaceae Bulbine alata Winged Bulbine-lily Y Y Y

Asphodelaceae Bulbine semibarbata Small Leek-lily Y Y

Asteraceae Actinobole uliginosum Flannel Cudweed Y Y Y

Asteraceae Anemocarpa podolepidium Rock Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Angianthus brachypappus Spreading Angianthus Y Y

Asteraceae Angianthus glabratus Smooth Angianthus Y Y

Asteraceae Asteraceae Y R

Asteraceae Brachyscome Y R Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome campylocarpa Large White Daisy Y Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome ciliaris Y R Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome ciliaris var. ciliaris Variable Daisy Y Y Y




Asteraceae Brachyscome ciliaris var. lanuginosa Woolly Variable Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome dichromosomatica Y R Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome dichromosomatica var.

dichromosomatica Large Hard-head Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome eriogona Y Y R Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome gilesii Giles Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Brachyscome lineariloba Hard-head Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Calocephalus platycephalus Western Beauty-heads Y Y Y

Asteraceae Calocephalus sonderi Pale Beauty-heads Y R Y

Asteraceae Calotis Y R Y

Asteraceae Calotis cymbacantha Showy Burr-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Calotis hispidula Hairy Burr-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Calotis lappulacea Yellow Burr-daisy Y R Y

Asteraceae Calotis latiuscula Leafy Burr-daisy Y Y

Asteraceae Calotis multicaulis Woolly-headed Burr-daisy Y Y

Asteraceae Calotis plumulifera Woolly-headed Burr-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Calotis porphyroglossa Channel Burr-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Carthamus tinctorius Safflower Y N

Asteraceae Centaurea melitensis Malta Thistle Y Y N

Asteraceae Centipeda crateriformis subsp. crateriformis Common Sneezeweed Y Y

Asteraceae Centipeda cunninghamii Common Sneezeweed Y Y

Asteraceae Centipeda thespidioides Desert Sneezeweed Y Y Y

Asteraceae Chrysocephalum apiculatum Common Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Chrysocephalum pterochaetum Shrub Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Chthonocephalus pseudevax Ground-heads Y Y Y

Asteraceae Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons Y N




Asteraceae Dichromochlamys dentatifolia Y Y Y

Asteraceae Dimorphocoma minutula Y Y Y

Asteraceae Dittrichia graveolens Stinkweed Y N

Asteraceae Epaltes (5) Y Y

Asteraceae Erigeron bonariense (6) Y N

Asteraceae Eriochlamys eremaea Woolly Mantle Y Y

Asteraceae Flaveria trinervia Speedy Weed Y N

Asteraceae Glossocardia bidens Native Cobbler's-pegs Y Y

Asteraceae Gnephosis arachnoidea Spidery Button-flower Y Y Y

Asteraceae Gnephosis tenuissima Dwarf Golden-tip Y Y Y

Asteraceae Gratwickia monochaeta Y R Y

Asteraceae Helianthus annuus Sunflower Y N

Asteraceae Isoetopsis graminifolia Grass Cushion Y Y Y

Asteraceae Ixiochlamys cuneifolia Silverton Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Ixiochlamys nana Small Fuzzweed Y Y Y

Asteraceae Kippistia suaedifolia Fleshy Kippistia Y Y

Asteraceae Lawrencella davenportii Davenport Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Leiocarpa leptolepis Pale Plover-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Leiocarpa websteri Narrow Plover-daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Lemooria burkittii Wires-and-wool Y Y

Asteraceae Leontodon rhagadioloides Cretan Weed Y N

Asteraceae Leucochrysum molle Hoary Sunray Y Y Y

Asteraceae Microseris lanceolata Yam Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Millotia Y R Y

Asteraceae Millotia greevesii subsp. helmsii Y Y

Asteraceae Millotia myosotidifolia Broad-leaf Millotia Y Y




Asteraceae Minuria annua Annual Minuria Y Y Y

Asteraceae Minuria cunninghamii Bush Minuria Y Y Y

Asteraceae Minuria denticulata Woolly Minuria Y Y

Asteraceae Minuria integerrima Smooth Minuria Y Y

Asteraceae Minuria leptophylla Minnie Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Minuria rigida Y Y Y

Asteraceae Myriocephalus pluriflorus Inland Woolly-heads Y Y

Asteraceae Picris drummondii Coast Picris Y Y

Asteraceae Podolepis capillaris Wiry Podolepis Y Y

Asteraceae Podolepis davisiana Button Podolepis Y Y Y

Asteraceae Polycalymma stuartii Poached-egg Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey Cudweed Y Y Y?

Asteraceae Pterocaulon sphacelatum Apple-bush Y Y Y

Asteraceae Pycnosorus pleiocephalus Soft Billy-buttons Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe corymbiflora Paper Everlasting Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe floribunda White Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe microglossa Clustered Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe moschata Musk Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe polygalifolia Milkwort Everlasting Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe pygmaea Pigmy Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe stricta Slender Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Rhodanthe uniflora Woolly Daisy Y Y

Asteraceae Schoenia ramosissima Dainty Everlasting Y Y Y

Asteraceae Senecio glossanthus Annual Groundsel Y Y Y

Asteraceae Senecio gregorii Fleshy Groundsel Y Y Y

Asteraceae Senecio lacustrinus Y Y




Asteraceae Senecio lanibracteus Inland Shrubby Groundsel Y Y

Asteraceae Senecio pinnatifolius Y Y

Asteraceae Senecio runcinifolius Thistle-leaf Groundsel Y Y Y

Asteraceae Sigesbeckia australiensis (7) Y Y

Asteraceae Siloxerus multiflorus Small Wrinklewort Y Y

Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle Y Y N

Asteraceae Streptoglossa adscendens Desert Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Streptoglossa liatroides Wertaloona Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Trichanthodium skirrophorum Woolly Yellow-heads Y Y Y

Asteraceae Vittadinia cervicularis var. cervicularis Waisted New Holland Daisy Y Y

Asteraceae Vittadinia eremaea Desert New Holland Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Vittadinia pterochaeta Rough New Holland Daisy Y Y Y

Asteraceae Waitzia acuminata var. acuminata Orange Immortelle Y Y Y

Boraginaceae Echium plantagineum Salvation Jane Y N

Boraginaceae Heliotropium curassavicum Smooth Heliotrope Y Y N

Boraginaceae Heliotropium europaeum Common Heliotrope Y Y?

Boraginaceae Heliotropium supinum Creeping Heliotrope Y N

Boraginaceae Omphalolappula concava Burr Stickseed Y Y Y

Boraginaceae Plagiobothrys plurisepaleus White Rochelia Y Y

Boraginaceae Trichodesma zeylanicum var. zeylanicum Camel Bush Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Alyssum linifolium Flax-leaf Alyssum Y N

Brassicaceae Arabidella glaucescens Y Y

Brassicaceae Arabidella nasturtium Yellow Cress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Arabidella trisecta Shrubby Cress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Blennodia canescens Native Stock Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Blennodia pterosperma Wild Stock Y Y




Brassicaceae Brassica tournefortii Wild Turnip Y Y N

Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Y R

Brassicaceae Carrichtera annua Ward's Weed Y Y N

Brassicaceae Harmsiodoxa brevipes var. brevipes Short Cress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Harmsiodoxa puberula Scented Cress Y Y

Brassicaceae Lepidium muelleri-ferdinandi Mueller's Peppercress Y Y

Brassicaceae Lepidium oxytrichum Green Peppercress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Lepidium papillosum Warty Peppercress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Lepidium phlebopetalum Veined Peppercress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Lepidium sagittulatum Fine-leaf Peppercress Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Menkea crassa Fat Spectacles Y Y

Brassicaceae Phlegmatospermum cochlearinum Downy Cress Y Y

Brassicaceae Rapistrum rugosum (8) Short-fruited Wild Turnip Y N

Brassicaceae Scambopus curvipes Y Y

Brassicaceae Sisymbrium erysimoides Smooth Mustard Y Y N

Brassicaceae Sisymbrium irio London Mustard Y Y N

Brassicaceae Sisymbrium orientale Indian Hedge Mustard Y Y N

Brassicaceae Stenopetalum Y R Y

Brassicaceae Stenopetalum lineare Narrow Thread-petal Y Y Y

Brassicaceae Stenopetalum velutinum Velvet Thread-petal Y Y

Cactaceae Cylindropuntia fulgida var. mamillata Y N

Cactaceae Cylindropuntia imbricata Devil's Rope Pear Y N

Cactaceae Opuntia Y R N

Cactaceae Opuntia elata Riverina Pear Y N

Cactaceae Opuntia elatior Red-flower Prickly Pear Y N

Cactaceae Opuntia engelmannii Engelmann Prickly Pear Y Y N




Cactaceae Opuntia ficus-indica Indian Fig Y N

Cactaceae Opuntia polyacantha (9) Grizzly Bear Cactus Y N

Cactaceae Opuntia sulphurea (10) Y N

Campanulaceae Campanulaceae Y R Y

Campanulaceae Isotoma petraea Rock Isotome Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia Y R Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia aridicola Dryland Bluebell Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia communis Tufted Bluebell Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilenta Annual Bluebell Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia preissii Y Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia queenslandica Y Y Y

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia tumidifructa Swollen-fruit Bluebell Y Y Y

Caryophyllaceae Gypsophila tubulosa Annual Chalkwort Y Y N

Caryophyllaceae Herniaria cinerea Rupturewort Y Y N

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia diandra Lesser Sand-spurrey Y N

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia diandroides Lesser Sand-spurrey Y Y Y

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia marina Salt Sand-spurrey Y Y

Casuarinaceae Casuarina pauper Black Oak Y Y Y

Celastraceae Stackhousia clementii Limestone Candles Y Y Y

Celastraceae Stackhousia muricata subsp. Perennial (W.R.Barker

3641) Yellow Candles Y Y

Centrolepidaceae Centrolepis eremica Dryland Centrolepis Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex Y R

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex angulata Fan Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex crassipes Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex crassipes var. crassipes Y Y




Chenopodiaceae Atriplex fissivalvis Gibber Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex holocarpa Pop Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex incrassata Oodnadatta Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex kochiana Koch's Saltbush Y V Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex limbata Spreading Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lindleyi Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lindleyi subsp. conduplicata Baldoo Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lindleyi subsp. inflata Corky Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lindleyi subsp. lindleyi Baldoo Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lindleyi subsp. quadripartita Baldoo Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex macropterocarpa Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex nessorhina Donald Duck Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex nummularia Old Man Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex obconica Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex pseudocampanulata Spreading Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex pumilio Mat Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex spongiosa Pop Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex stipitata Bitter Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex suberecta Lagoon Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex velutinella Sandhill Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex vesicaria Bladder Saltbush Y Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex vesicaria subsp. sphaerocarpa (11) Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex vesicaria subsp. variabilis (11) Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Y R

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium album Fat Hen Y N

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium auricomum Golden Goosefoot Y Y




Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium desertorum subsp. anidiophyllum Mallee Goosefoot Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium desertorum subsp. desertorum Frosted Goosefoot Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium gaudichaudianum Scrambling Goosefoot Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium nitrariaceum Nitre Goosefoot Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dissocarpus biflorus var. biflorus Two-horn Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dissocarpus fontinalis Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dissocarpus paradoxus Ball Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania cristata Crested Crumbweed Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania glomulifera subsp. eremaea Red Crumbweed Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania plantaginella Plantain Crumbweed Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania platycarpa Flat-fruit Crumbweed Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania pumilio Small Crumbweed Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania truncata Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Einadia nutans subsp. eremaea Dryland Climbing Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Climbing Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Einadia nutans subsp. oxycarpa Pointed-fruit Climbing Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Enchylaena tomentosa Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Eriochiton sclerolaenoides Woolly-fruit Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana aphylla Cotton-bush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana appressa Pale-fruit Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana astrotricha Low Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana cannonii Cannon's Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana ciliata Hairy Fissure-plant Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana eriantha Woolly Bluebush Y Y Y




Chenopodiaceae Maireana erioclada Rosy Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana georgei Satiny Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana integra Entire-wing Bluebush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana microcarpa Swamp Bluebush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana pentatropis Erect Mallee Bluebush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana planifolia Flat-leaf Bluebush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana pyramidata Black Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana sedifolia Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana spongiocarpa Spongy-fruit Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana trichoptera Hairy-fruit Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana triptera Three-wing Bluebush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Maireana turbinata Top-fruit Bluebush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Malacocera albolanata Woolly Soft-horns Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Malacocera gracilis Slender Soft-horns Y V Y

Chenopodiaceae Malacocera tricornis Goat-head Soft-horns Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Neobassia proceriflora Desert Glasswort Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Osteocarpum acropterum Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Osteocarpum acropterum var. acropterum Tuberculate Bonefruit Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Osteocarpum dipterocarpum Two-wing Bonefruit Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Osteocarpum pentapterum Five-wing Bonefruit Y E Y

Chenopodiaceae Rhagodia parabolica Mealy Saltbush Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Rhagodia spinescens Spiny Saltbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Salsola tragus (12) Buckbush Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Scleroblitum atriplicinum Starry Goosefoot Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena brachyptera Short-wing Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena constricta Y Y




Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena cuneata Tangled Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena decurrens Green Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena diacantha Grey Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena divaricata Tangled Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena eriacantha Silky Bindyi Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena holtiana Holt's Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena intricata Tangled Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena lanicuspis Spinach Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena longicuspis Long-spine Bindyi Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena obliquicuspis Oblique-spined Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena parallelicuspis Western Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena patenticuspis Spear-fruit Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena sp. Yeltacowie (A.Sinel & R. Kelman

CAR037) Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena tatei Tate's Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena uniflora Small-spine Bindyi Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena ventricosa Salt Bindyi Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Suaeda baccifera Seablite Y N

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia Y Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia disarticulata Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia halocnemoides Y Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia halocnemoides subsp. longispicata Grey Samphire Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia indica Y R Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia indica subsp. leiostachya Brown-head Samphire Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia medullosa Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia pergranulata subsp. divaricata Black-seed Samphire Y Y Y




Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia pergranulata subsp. pergranulata Black-seed Samphire Y Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia pluriflora Y Y

Chenopodiaceae Tecticornia tenuis Slender Samphire Y Y Y

Colchicaceae Wurmbea australis Inland Nancy Y Y

Colchicaceae Wurmbea centralis Inland Nancy Y Y

Colchicaceae Wurmbea citrina Green-flower Nancy Y Y Y

Colchicaceae Wurmbea stellata Star Nancy Y R Y

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus Y R

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus clementii Y Y Y

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus eyreanus Silver Bindweed Y Y Y

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus recurvatus subsp. nullarborensis Y Y Y

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus remotus Grassy Bindweed Y Y Y

Convolvulaceae Cressa australis Rosinweed Y Y

Crassulaceae Bryophyllum delagoense Y N

Crassulaceae Crassula Y R Y

Crassulaceae Crassula colligata Y R Y

Crassulaceae Crassula colligata subsp. lamprosperma Y Y Y

Crassulaceae Crassula colorata var. acuminata Dense Crassula Y Y Y

Crassulaceae Crassula colorata var. colorata Dense Crassula Y Y Y

Crassulaceae Crassula tetramera Australian Stonecrop Y Y Y

Cucurbitaceae Austrobryonia micrantha Desert Cucumber Y Y

Cucurbitaceae Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth Y N

Cucurbitaceae Citrullus lanatus Bitter Melon Y Y N

Cucurbitaceae Cucumis myriocarpus Paddy Melon Y Y N

Cupressaceae Callitris glaucophylla White Cypress-pine Y Y Y

Cupressaceae Callitris verrucosa Scrub Cypress Pine Y Y




Cyperaceae Bulbostylis barbata Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus alterniflorus Umbrella Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus bulbosus Bulbous Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus dactylotes Y V Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus difformis Variable Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge Y N

Cyperaceae Cyperus gilesii Giles' Flat-sedge Y Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus gymnocaulos Spiny Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus hamulosus Curry Flat-sedge Y N

Cyperaceae Cyperus iria Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus laevigatus Bore-drain Sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus rigidellus Dwarf Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus squarrosus Bearded Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus vaginatus Stiff Flat-sedge Y Y

Cyperaceae Cyperus victoriensis Yelka Y Y

Cyperaceae Eleocharis pallens Pale Spike-rush Y Y Y

Cyperaceae Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-rush Y Y

Cyperaceae Fimbristylis dichotoma Common Fringe-rush Y Y

Cyperaceae Fimbristylis ferruginea Y Y

Cyperaceae Isolepis australiensis Southern Club-rush Y Y Y

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectiella dissachantha Inland Club-rush Y Y

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus (13) Y R Y

Elatinaceae Bergia trimera Three-part Water-fire Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia Y R

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia ferdinandi var. appendiculata Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia ferdinandi var. ferdinandi Y Y Y




Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia ferdinandi var. saxosiplanitiicola (14) Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia inappendiculata var. queenslandica Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia multifaria Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia parvicaruncula Rough-seeded Spurge Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia porcata Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia stevenii Bottletree Spurge Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia tannensis Y R Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila Desert Spurge Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia thelephora var. australis Y Y Y

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia wheeleri Wheeler's Spurge Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia Y R Y

Fabaceae Acacia aneura Y R Y

Fabaceae Acacia aneura cf. sp. Y

Fabaceae Acacia aneura var. aneura Mulga Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia aptaneura Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia ayersiana Blue Mulga Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia brachystachya Turpentine Mulga Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia burkittii Pin-bush Wattle Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia clelandii Turpentine Mulga Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia incurvaneura (15) Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia kempeana Witchetty Bush Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia ligulata Umbrella Bush Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia oswaldii Umbrella Wattle Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia papyrocarpa Western Myall Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia pteraneura (15) Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia ramulosa Y R Y




Fabaceae Acacia ramulosa var. linophylla Horse Mulga Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia ramulosa var. ramulosa Horse Mulga Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia rigens Nealie Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia rivalis Silver Wattle Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia salicina Willow Wattle Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia sibirica Bastard Mulga Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia sp. Blyth Range (W.V.Fitzgerald s.n. 1898) Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia tetragonophylla Dead Finish Y Y Y

Fabaceae Acacia victoriae Y R Y

Fabaceae Acacia victoriae subsp. victoriae Elegant Wattle Y Y Y

Fabaceae Crotalaria cunninghamii Y R Y

Fabaceae Crotalaria cunninghamii subsp. sturtii Bird-flower Rattle-pod Y Y

Fabaceae Crotalaria eremaea subsp. eremaea Downy Loose-flowered Rattle-

pod Y Y Y

Fabaceae Crotalaria eremaea subsp. strehlowii Smooth Loose-flowered Rattle-

pod Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen Y R Y

Fabaceae Cullen australasicum Tall Scurf-pea Y Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen cinereum Annual Scurf-pea Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen discolor Prostrate Scurf-pea Y Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen graveolens Native Lucerne Y Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen pallidum White Scurf-pea Y Y

Fabaceae Cullen patens Spreading Scurf-pea Y Y

Fabaceae Glycine canescens Silky Glycine Y Y Y

Fabaceae Glycine rubiginosa Twining Glycine Y Y

Fabaceae Indigofera psammophila Sand Indigo Y Y Y

Fabaceae Lotus australis Austral Trefoil Y Y




Fabaceae Lotus cruentus Red-flower Lotus Y Y Y

Fabaceae Medicago minima Y N

Fabaceae Medicago sativa Lucerne Y N

Fabaceae Petalostylis labicheoides Butterfly Bush Y Y

Fabaceae Prosopis juliflora Mesquite Y N

Fabaceae Psoralea (16) Y Y

Fabaceae Senna Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides Y R Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia Fine-leaf Desert Senna Y Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Blunt-leaf Senna Y Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. quadrifolia Four-leaf Desert Senna Y Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. x artemisioides (17) Desert Senna Y* Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. x coriacea (17) Desert Senna Y* Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. X petiolaris (18) Desert Senna Y* Y Y

Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. X sturtii (17) Grey Senna Y* Y

Fabaceae Senna cardiosperma Y R Y

Fabaceae Senna cardiosperma subsp. gawlerensis Gawler Ranges Senna Y Y Y

Fabaceae Senna phyllodinea Y Y

Fabaceae Senna planitiicola Yellow Pea Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona adenophylla Violet Swainson-pea Y Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona affinis Small-leaf Swainson-pea Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona campylantha Y Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona eremaea Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona formosa Sturt Pea Y Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona oliveri Y Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona phacoides Dwarf Swainson-pea Y Y Y




Fabaceae Swainsona purpurea Purple Swainson-pea Y Y

Fabaceae Swainsona stipularis Orange Swainson-pea Y Y Y

Fabaceae Templetonia egena Broombush Templetonia Y Y Y

Fabaceae Tephrosia sphaerospora Mulga Trefoil Y Y

Fabaceae Trigonella suavissima Sweet Fenugreek Y Y Y

Frankeniaceae Frankenia Y Y R Y

Frankeniaceae Frankenia foliosa Leafy Sea-heath Y Y

Frankeniaceae Frankenia pauciflora Y Y

Frankeniaceae Frankenia plicata Y V Y

Frankeniaceae Frankenia serpyllifolia Thyme Sea-heath Y Y

Gentianaceae Schenkia australis Spike Centaury Y Y

Geraniaceae Erodium Y R

Geraniaceae Erodium aureum Y Y N

Geraniaceae Erodium carolinianum Clammy Heron's-bill Y Y Y

Geraniaceae Erodium cicutarium Cut-leaf Heron's-bill Y Y N

Geraniaceae Erodium crinitum Blue Heron's-bill Y Y

Geraniaceae Erodium janszii Clammy Heron's-bill Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia berardiana Split-end Goodenia Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia cycloptera Serrated Goodenia Y Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia fascicularis Silky Goodenia Y Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia lunata Stiff Goodenia Y Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia pinnatifida Cut-leaf Goodenia Y Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia pusilliflora Small-flower Goodenia Y Y Y

Goodeniaceae Goodenia vernicosa Wavy Goodenia Y Y

Goodeniaceae Scaevola collaris Y Y

Goodeniaceae Scaevola parvibarbata Small-beard Fanflower Y Y




Goodeniaceae Scaevola spinescens Spiny Fanflower Y Y Y

Gyrostemonaceae Gyrostemon ramulosus Bushy Wheel-fruit Y Y Y

Haloragaceae Glischrocaryon flavescens Yellow Pennants Y Y

Haloragaceae Haloragis Y R Y

Haloragaceae Haloragis aspera Rough Raspwort Y Y

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum Y R Y

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum verrucosum Red Milfoil Y Y Y

Haloragaceae Haloragis glauca f. glauca Bluish Raspwort Y Y Y

Hemerocallidaceae Corynotheca licrota Sand Lily Y Y R Y

Juncaceae Juncus aridicola Inland Rush Y Y

Juncaceae Juncus bufonius Toad Rush Y Y

Juncaceae Juncus kraussii Sea Rush Y Y

Juncaginaceae Triglochin Y R Y

Juncaginaceae Triglochin ?hexagona Six-point Arrowgrass Y Y

Juncaginaceae Triglochin isingiana Spurred Arrowgrass Y Y Y

Juncaginaceae Triglochin nana Dwarf Arrowgrass Y Y

Lamiaceae Mentha australis River Mint Y Y

Lamiaceae Prostanthera striatiflora Striated Mintbush Y Y

Lamiaceae Teucrium racemosum Grey Germander Y Y Y

Loranthaceae Amyema maidenii subsp. maidenii Pale-leaf Mistletoe Y Y Y

Loranthaceae Amyema miquelii Box Mistletoe Y Y

Loranthaceae Amyema miraculosa subsp. boormanii Fleshy Mistletoe Y Y

Loranthaceae Amyema preissii Wire-leaf Mistletoe Y Y Y

Loranthaceae Amyema quandang var. quandang Grey Mistletoe Y Y Y

Loranthaceae Lysiana exocarpi Y R Y

Loranthaceae Lysiana exocarpi subsp. exocarpi Harlequin Mistletoe Y Y Y




Loranthaceae Lysiana murrayi Mulga Mistletoe Y Y Y

Lythraceae Lythrum hyssopifolia Lesser Loosestrife Y Y

Lythraceae Lythrum wilsonii Wilson's Loosestrife Y Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon cryptopetalum Y Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon fraseri subsp. diplotrichum Dwarf Lantern-bush Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon halophilum Plains Lantern-bush Y Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon leucopetalum Desert Lantern-bush Y Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon malvifolium (19) Y Y

Malvaceae Abutilon otocarpum Desert Lantern-bush Y Y Y

Malvaceae Gilesia biniflora Western Tar-vine Y Y R Y

Malvaceae Gossypium sturtianum Y R Y

Malvaceae Gossypium sturtianum var. sturtianum Sturt's Desert Rose Y Y

Malvaceae Hibiscus brachysiphonius Low Hibiscus Y Y

Malvaceae Hibiscus krichauffianus Velvet-leaf Hibiscus Y Y Y

Malvaceae Lawrencia glomerata Clustered Lawrencia Y Y Y

Malvaceae Lawrencia squamata Thorny Lawrencia Y Y Y

Malvaceae Malva parviflora Small-flower Marshmallow Y Y N

Malvaceae Malvastrum americanum (20) Y Y Y?

Malvaceae Sida Y R

Malvaceae Sida ?corrugata Y

Malvaceae Sida ammophila Sand Sida Y Y Y

Malvaceae Sida calyxhymenia Tall Sida Y Y Y

Malvaceae Sida fibulifera Pin Sida Y Y Y

Malvaceae Sida intricata Twiggy Sida Y Y Y

Malvaceae Sida petrophila Rock Sida Y Y

Malvaceae Sida trichopoda High Sida Y Y Y




Marsileaceae Marsilea Y R Y

Marsileaceae Marsilea costulifera Narrow-leaf Nardoo Y Y

Marsileaceae Marsilea drummondii Common Nardoo Y Y Y

Marsileaceae Marsilea exarata Swayback Nardoo Y Y

Marsileaceae Marsilea hirsuta Short-fruit Nardoo Y Y Y

Molluginaceae Glinus lotoides Hairy Carpet-weed Y Y

Molluginaceae Mollugo cerviana Wire-stem Chickweed Y Y

Myrtaceae Calytrix tetragona Common Fringe-myrtle Y Y

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. arida Northern River Red Gum Y Y Y

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. minima River Red Gum Y Y

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus coolabah Coolibah Y Y Y

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica Y Y

Myrtaceae Melaleuca Y R Y

Myrtaceae Melaleuca glomerata Inland Paper-bark Y Y Y

Myrtaceae Melaleuca halmaturorum Swamp Paper-bark Y Y

Myrtaceae Melaleuca lanceolata Dryland Tea-tree Y Y

Myrtaceae Melaleuca xerophila Boree Y Y Y

Nitrariaceae Nitraria billardierei Nitre-bush Y Y

Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia burbidgeana Tar-vine Y Y

Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia coccinea Tar-vine Y Y Y

Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia dominii Tar-vine Y Y

Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia schomburgkiana Schomburgk's Tar-vine Y Y

Oleaceae Jasminum didymum subsp. lineare Native Jasmine Y Y

Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum polyphyllum Large Adder's-tongue Y R Y

Orobanchaceae Orobanche cernua var. australiana Australian Broomrape Y Y R Y

Oxalidaceae Oxalis perennans Native Sorrel Y Y




Phrymaceae Limosella curdieana Y Y

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus Y R Y

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus fuernrohrii Sand Spurge Y Y Y

Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus lacunellus Lagoon Spurge Y Y

Phyllanthaceae Sauropus trachyspermus (21) Y Y

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum Y R Y

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum angustifolium Native Apricot Y Y Y

Plantaginaceae Callitriche ?sonderi Matted Water Starwort Y Y R Y

Plantaginaceae Plantago Y R

Plantaginaceae Plantago drummondii Dark Plantain Y Y Y

Plantaginaceae Stemodia florulenta Bluerod Y Y

Plumbaginaceae Limonium lobatum Winged Sea-lavender Y N

Plumbaginaceae Limonium sinuatum Notch-leaf Sea-lavender Y N

Poaceae Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Fox-tail Y N

Poaceae Aristida anthoxanthoides Yellow Three-awn Y Y

Poaceae Aristida capillifolia Needle-leaf Three-awn Y Y

Poaceae Aristida contorta Curly Wire-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Aristida holathera Y R Y

Poaceae Aristida holathera var. holathera Tall Kerosene Grass Y Y

Poaceae Aristida latifolia Feather-top Wire-grass Y Y

Poaceae Aristida nitidula Brush Three-awn Y Y Y

Poaceae Astrebla lappacea Curly Mitchell-grass Y Y

Poaceae Astrebla pectinata Barley Mitchell-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Austrostipa eremophila Rusty Spear-grass Y Y

Poaceae Austrostipa multispiculis Many-flowered Spear-grass Y R Y




Poaceae Austrostipa nitida Balcarra Spear-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Austrostipa nodosa Tall Spear-grass Y Y

Poaceae Avena barbata Bearded Oat Y N

Poaceae Avena fatua Wild Oat Y N

Poaceae Avena sativa Cultivated Oat Y N

Poaceae Bothriochloa ewartiana Desert Blue-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Bothriochloa macra Red-leg Grass Y R Y

Poaceae Bromus arenarius Sand Brome Y Y

Poaceae Bromus diandrus Great Brome Y N

Poaceae Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel Grass Y N

Poaceae Cenchrus pennisetiformis Buffel Grass Y Y N

Poaceae Cenchrus setaceus Fountain Grass Y N

Poaceae Chloris gayana Rhodes Grass Y N

Poaceae Chloris pectinata Comb Windmill Grass Y Y

Poaceae Chloris truncata Windmill Grass Y Y

Poaceae Chloris virgata Feather-top Rhodes Grass Y N

Poaceae Cymbopogon ambiguus Lemon-grass Y Y

Poaceae Dactyloctenium radulans Button-grass Y Y

Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum Y R Y

Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum subsp. humilius Annual Silky Blue-grass Y Y

Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum subsp. sericeum Silky Blue-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Digitaria ammophila Spider Grass Y Y

Poaceae Digitaria brownii Cotton Panic-grass Y Y

Poaceae Digitaria ciliaris Summer Grass Y N

Poaceae Digitaria divaricatissima var. divaricatissima Spider Grass Y Y

Poaceae Diplachne fusca subsp. fusca Brown Beetle-grass Y Y




Poaceae Diplachne fusca subsp. muelleri Brown Beetle-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Echinochloa inundata Channel Millet Y Y

Poaceae Enneapogon avenaceus Common Bottle-washers Y Y Y

Poaceae Enneapogon caerulescens Blue Bottle-washers Y Y Y

Poaceae Enneapogon cylindricus Jointed Bottle-washers Y Y Y

Poaceae Enneapogon nigricans Black-head Grass Y Y

Poaceae Enneapogon polyphyllus Leafy Bottle-washers Y Y Y

Poaceae Enteropogon acicularis Umbrella Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Enteropogon ramosus Umbrella Grass Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis Y R

Poaceae Eragrostis australasica Cane-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis basedowii Neat Love-grass Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis cilianensis Stink Grass Y N

Poaceae Eragrostis dielsii (22) Mulka Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis eriopoda Woollybutt Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis falcata Sickle Love-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis laniflora Hairy-flower Woollybutt Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis leptocarpa Drooping Love-grass Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis parviflora Weeping Love-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis setifolia Bristly Love-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Eragrostis xerophila Knotty-butt Neverfail Y Y

Poaceae Eriachne aristidea Three-awn Wanderrie Y Y

Poaceae Eriachne helmsii Woollybutt Wanderrie Y Y Y

Poaceae Eriachne mucronata Mountain Wanderrie Y Y

Poaceae Eriachne ovata Swamp Wanderrie Y Y

Poaceae Eriochloa australiensis Australian Cupgrass Y Y




Poaceae Eriochloa pseudoacrotricha Perennial Cupgrass Y Y

Poaceae Eulalia aurea Silky Brown-top Y Y

Poaceae Festuca arundinacea Tall Meadow Fescue Y N

Poaceae Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Y N

Poaceae Hordeum distichon Y N

Poaceae Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare Barley Y N

Poaceae Iseilema eremaeum Y Y

Poaceae Iseilema membranaceum Small Flinders-grass Y Y

Poaceae Iseilema vaginiflorum Red Flinders-grass Y Y

Poaceae Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grass Y Y

Poaceae Lolium rigidum Wimmera Ryegrass Y N

Poaceae Lolium x hubbardii Y N

Poaceae Monachather paradoxus Bandicoot Grass Y Y

Poaceae Neurachne munroi Window Mulga-grass Y Y

Poaceae Panicum decompositum Y R Y

Poaceae Panicum decompositum var. decompositum Native Millet Y Y

Poaceae Panicum effusum (23) Y Y Y

Poaceae Panicum laevinode Y Y

Poaceae Panicum miliaceum Broom Millet Y N

Poaceae Paractaenum novae-hollandiae subsp. reversum Barbed-wire Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Paractaenum refractum Bristle-brush Grass Y Y

Poaceae Paspalidium basicladum (24) Y Y

Poaceae Paspalidium clementii (25) Y Y

Poaceae Paspalidium constrictum (26) Y Y

Poaceae Paspalidium reflexum (27) Y Y

Poaceae Phragmites australis Common Reed Y Y




Poaceae Poaceae Y R

Poaceae Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Beard-grass Y N

Poaceae Polypogon viridis Water Bent Y N

Poaceae Rostraria cristata Annual Cat's-tail Y N

Poaceae Rostraria pumila Tiny Bristle-grass Y Y N

Poaceae Rytidosperma caespitosum Common Wallaby-grass Y Y

Poaceae Schismus arabicus Arabian Grass Y Y N

Poaceae Schismus barbatus Arabian Grass Y Y N

Poaceae Secale cereale Rye Y N

Poaceae Setaria dielsii Diel's Pigeon-grass Y Y

Poaceae Sorghum halepense Johnson Grass Y N

Poaceae Sorghum x almum Columbus Grass Y N

Poaceae Sporobolus actinocladus Ray Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Sporobolus caroli Yakka Grass Y Y

Poaceae Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass Y Y

Poaceae Tragus australianus Small Burr-grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Triodia irritans Spinifex Y Y

Poaceae Triodia scariosa Spinifex Y Y

Poaceae Tripogon loliiformis Five-minute Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Triraphis mollis Purple Plume Grass Y Y Y

Poaceae Triticum aestivum Wheat Y N

Poaceae Urochloa piligera Hairy Arm-grass Y Y

Poaceae Urochloa praetervisa Large Arm-grass Y Y

Poaceae Zygochloa paradoxa Sandhill Cane-grass Y Y Y

Polygonaceae Acetosa vesicaria Rosy Dock Y Y N

Polygonaceae Duma florulenta Lignum Y Y Y




Polygonaceae Duma horrida subsp. horrida Spiny Lignum Y Y R Y

Polygonaceae Emex australis Three-corner Jack Y Y N

Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare Wireweed Y N

Polygonaceae Polygonum plebeium Small Knotweed Y Y Y

Polygonaceae Rumex crystallinus Glistening Dock Y Y Y

Portulacaceae Anacampseros australiana Australian Anacampseros Y Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia Y R Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia disperma Two-seed Purslane Y Y Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia eremaea Dryland Purslane Y Y Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia polyandra Parakeelya Y Y Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia pumila Tiny Purslane Y Y

Portulacaceae Calandrinia remota Round-leaf Parakeelya Y Y

Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea Common Purslane Y Y Y

Potamogetonaceae Lepilaena bilocularis Small-fruit Water-mat Y Y

Primulaceae Lysimachia arvensis (28) Pimpernel Y Y N

Proteaceae Grevillea nematophylla Y R Y

Proteaceae Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla Water Bush Y Y Y

Proteaceae Hakea leucoptera Y R Y

Proteaceae Hakea leucoptera subsp. leucoptera Silver Needlewood Y Y Y

Pteridaceae Cheilanthes lasiophylla Woolly Cloak-fern Y Y Y

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus pentandrus var. platycarpus Smooth Buttercup Y Y Y

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus pumilio var. pumilio Ferny Buttercup Y Y Y

Rubiaceae Pomax rupestris (29) Y Y

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Y R Y

Rubiaceae Synaptantha tillaeacea var. hispidula Y Y Y

Rubiaceae Synaptantha tillaeacea var. tillaeacea Y Y




Rutaceae Citrus glauca Desert Lime Y V Y

Santalaceae Exocarpos aphyllus Leafless Cherry Y Y Y

Santalaceae Santalum acuminatum Quandong Y Y Y

Santalaceae Santalum lanceolatum Plumbush Y Y Y

Santalaceae Santalum spicatum Sandalwood Y Y V Y

Sapindaceae Alectryon oleifolius subsp. canescens Bullock Bush Y Y Y

Sapindaceae Dodonaea lobulata Lobed-leaf Hop-bush Y Y Y

Sapindaceae Dodonaea microzyga Y R Y

Sapindaceae Dodonaea microzyga var. microzyga Brilliant Hop-bush Y Y Y

Sapindaceae Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima Narrow-leaf Hop-bush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila alternifolia Narrow-leaf Emubush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila deserti Turkey-bush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila duttonii Harlequin Emubush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila freelingii Rock Emubush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila glabra subsp. glabra Tar Bush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila latrobei subsp. glabra Crimson Emubush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila longifolia Weeping Emubush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila macdonnellii Macdonnell's Emubush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila maculata Y R Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila maculata subsp. maculata Spotted Emubush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila oppositifolia Y R Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. oppositifolia Opposite-leaved Emubush Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila paisleyi Y R Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila paisleyi subsp. paisleyi Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila rotundifolia Round-leaf Emubush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Eremophila scoparia Broom Emubush Y Y Y




Scrophulariaceae Eremophila serrulata Green Emubush Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Myoporum montanum Native Myrtle Y Y Y

Scrophulariaceae Myoporum platycarpum subsp. platycarpum False Sandalwood Y Y Y

Solanaceae Datura leichhardtii Leichhardt's Thorn-apple Y N

Solanaceae Duboisia hopwoodii Pituri Y Y

Solanaceae Lycium australe Australian Boxthorn Y Y Y

Solanaceae Lycium ferocissimum African Boxthorn Y Y N

Solanaceae Nicotiana Y R

Solanaceae Nicotiana glauca Tree Tobacco Y N

Solanaceae Nicotiana simulans Native Tobacco Y Y Y

Solanaceae Nicotiana velutina Velvet Tobacco Y Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum Y R

Solanaceae Solanum chenopodinum Goosefoot Potato-bush Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum cleistogamum Shy Nightshade Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum ellipticum Velvet Potato-bush Y Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum esuriale Quena Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum lacunarium Lagoon Nightshade Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade Y Y N

Solanaceae Solanum petrophilum Rock Nightshade Y Y

Solanaceae Solanum quadriloculatum Plains Nightshade Y Y Y

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea microcephala subsp. microcephala Shrubby Riceflower Y Y

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea simplex subsp. continua Desert Riceflower Y Y

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea simplex subsp. simplex Desert Riceflower Y Y Y

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea trichostachya Spiked Riceflower Y Y Y

Typhaceae Typha domingensis Narrow-leaf Bulrush Y Y

Urticaceae Parietaria cardiostegia Mallee Smooth-nettle Y Y Y




Verbenaceae Verbena gaudichaudii (30) Y Y?

Verbenaceae Verbena macrostachya (30) Y Y?

Verbenaceae Verbena officinalis Common Verbena Y N

Verbenaceae Verbena supina Y R N

Verbenaceae Verbena supina var. erecta Trailing Verbena Y Y N

Verbenaceae Verbena supina var. supina Trailing Verbena Y Y N

Zygophyllaceae Tribulus eichlerianus Eichler's Caltrop Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Tribulus minutus Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Tribulus terrestris Caltrop Y N

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum Y R Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum ammophilum Sand Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum aurantiacum Y Y R Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum aurantiacum subsp. aurantiacum Shrubby Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum aurantiacum subsp. cuneatum Shrubby Twinleaf Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum compressum Rabbit-ears Twinleaf Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum emarginatum Notched Twinleaf Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum eremaeum Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum glaucum Pale Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum howittii Clasping Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum iodocarpum Violet Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum kochii Koch's Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum marliesiae Square-fruit Twinleaf Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum ovatum Dwarf Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum prismatothecum Square-fruit Twinleaf Y Y Y

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum simile White Twinleaf Y Y Y


Footnotes:

(1) In SA Census as Trianthema triquetra (orthographic variant); (2) Only subsp. australis recognised in SA; (3) Treated as Hemichroa diandra in SA; (4) Recorded on survey and

in SA Census under its new name Thysanotus exfimbriatus; (5) Probably Sphaeromorphaea littoralis which was not otherwise recorded (5 collections in GT region at AD) and

formerly Epaltes; (6) Recorded on survey and in SA Census as Conyza bonariensis; (7) Treated as Sigesbeckia australiensis subsp. australiensis in SA Census, but subsp. not

recognised on APC; (8) Treated as subsp. rugosum on SA Census, the only subsp. recognised in SA; (9) Only var. erinacea listed in SA Census for for GT Region; a Declared

SA plant; (10) Not listed in SA Census and only based on collections from near Andamooka township with tentative ID; (11) Subspecies of Atriplex vesicaria are not recognised in

SA; (12) Recorded on survey and treated in SA Census as Salsola australis; (13) Possibly Schoenoplectiella dissachantha; (14) SA Census uses orthographic variant with

species epithet saxosiplaniticola; (15) Not evaluated as new record for study area as application of recent taxonomic changes is still in a state of flux; (16) Non-current usuage for

Cullen, Psoralea not recorded in GT region of SA. (17) Records from study area in AD and on SA database but not on ALA due to name mismatch; (18) Records from study area

in AD and on SA Census database as Senna artemisioides subsp. petiolaris, but not showing on ALA due to name mismatch (use of hybrid flag on ALA); (19) In SA Census as

Abutilon malvaefolium (orthographic variant); (20) Recorded on survey and in SA Census as Malvastrum americanum var. americanum, variety recogonised in SA but not in ALA;

(21) Likely to be Synostemon rhytidospermus under recently revised taxonomy; (22) Recorded on survey and in SA Census as var. dielsii; (23) Recorded on survey and in SA

Census as var. effusum; (24) Treated as Setaria basiclada in SA; (25) Treated as Setaria clementii in SA; (26) Treated as Setaria constricta in SA; (27) Treated as Setaria reflexa

in SA; (28) Recorded on survey and in SA Census as Anagallis arvensis; (29) Treated as Pomax umbellata in SA Census; (30) Currently treated as Verbena officinalis in SA.


Appendix II. List of non-vascular plants (cyanobacteria, algae and bryophytes) recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area.

Some taxa could only be identified to genus level.

New record = newly recorded for the study area; ALA = listed in ALA before the survey; BB = collected during the Bush Blitz survey; Exclude = redundant

ALA records that were not included in the final species count, also indicated in grey colour; SA = Listed in South Australian legislation; Native = native (Y) or

introduced (N) in South Australia.



cyanobacteria Y R

Chroococcaceae Chroococcus ? Y

Chroococcaceae Microcystis (cf. as to genus) Y

Nostocaceae Nostoc commune Y Y

Nostocaceae Nostochopsis (? as to genus) Y

Rivulariaceae Calothrix Y Y

Oscillatoriaceae Oscillatoria Y Y

Phormidiaceae Phormidium Y Y

Phormidiaceae Phormidium (? as to genus) Y R

Characeae Chara globularis Y Y

Characeae Chara preissii Y Y

Characeae Nitella lhotzkyi Y Y

Oedogoniaceae Oedogonium Y Y

Bryaceae Gemmabryum Y R

Bryaceae Gemmabryum ?eremaeum Y

Funariaceae Entosthodon ?apophysatus Y R Y

Funariaceae Entosthodon apophysatus Y Y

Gigaspermaceae Gigaspermum repens Y Y

Grimmiaceae Grimmia pulvinata Grey-cushioned Rock Moss Y Y




Sematophyllaceae Sematophyllum subhumile var. contiguum Y

Ricciaceae Riccia limbata Y Y

Ricciaceae Riccia macrospora Y Y

Ricciaceae Riccia nigrella Y Y

Pottiaceae Crossidium davidai Y Y

Pottiaceae Crossidium geheebii Y Y

Pottiaceae Didymodon torquatus Y Y

Pottiaceae Phascum tasmanicum var. tasmanicum Y Y

Pottiaceae P. tasmanicum var. tasmanicum (? as to genus) Y R Y

Pottiaceae Pottia ?scabrifolia Y Y

Pottiaceae Pseudocrossidium crinitum Y

Pottiaceae Pseudocrossidium hornschuchianum Y

Pottiaceae Stonea oleaginosa Y Y

Pottiaceae Tortula atrovirens Y Y

Riellaceae Riella Y Y


Appendix III. List of lichens and fungi recorded from the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area.

Some taxa could only be identified to genus level. For fungi, see also separate report by T. Lebel.

New record = newly recorded for the study area; ALA = no ALA query was run for lichens and fungi before the survey, as these are generally not well

databased; BB = collected during the Bush Blitz survey; Exclude = redundant ALA records that were not included in the final species count, also indicated in

grey colour; SA = Listed in South Australian legislation; Native = native (Y) or introduced (N) in South Australia.



Acarosporaceae Acarospora ? Y R

Acarosporaceae Acarospora citrina ? Y Y

Trapeliaceae Placynthiella ? Y

Parmeliaceae Neofuscelia ? Y

Parmeliaceae Xanthoparmelia ? Y

Physciaceae Psora ?decipiens ? Y Y

Physciaceae Psora crystallifera ? Y Y

Physciaceae Psora decipiens ? Y Y

Peltulaceae Peltula ? Y

Thelotremataceae Diploschistes ?scruposus Crater Lichen ? Y Y

Collemataceae Collema ? Y R

Collemataceae Collema coccophorum Jelly lichen (1) Y

Teloschistaceae Caloplaca ? Y

Verrucariaceae Placidium (1) Y R

Verrucariaceae Placidium squamulosum (1) Y

Agaricaceae Agaricus ? Y

Agaricaceae Bovista cunninghamii ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Chlamydopus meyenianus ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Disciseda ?kiata ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Disciseda ?muntacola ? Y Y




Agaricaceae Montagnea arenaria (1) R

Agaricaceae Montagnea arenaria var. macrospora ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Podaxis pistillaris ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Schizostoma laceratum (1)

Agaricaceae Tulostoma australianum (1)

Agaricaceae Tulostoma operculatum (1)

Agaricaceae Tulostoma sp. (1) R

Hymenogasteraceae Galerina (? as to genus) ? Y

Nidulariaceae Cyathus colensoi ? Y Y

Strophariaceae Agrocybe ? Y

Fabaceae Serpula lacrymans (? as to genus) a Dry Rot ? Y Y

Pisolithaceae Pisolithus albus ? Y

Geastraceae Geastrum ? Y

Coleosporiaceae Pucciniastrum ? Y

Pileolariaceae Uromycladium aff. tepperianum ? Y Y

Agaricaceae Tulostoma ? Y R

Agaricaceae Tulostoma albicans ? Y Y

Footnotes:

(1) Taxon recorded from study area in AD, but no records on ALA.


Appendix IV. List of collection sites the Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey area.

Site code Locality Latitude Longitude

F08 9.6 km direct NE of Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.36797222 137.2055278

A124 9.3 km direct NNE of Andamooka township, on track heading ENE from Swamp Dams Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.368754 137.19849

A116 9.9 km direct NE of Andamooka township, E of airstrip and at start of track heading WNW back to Swamp Dam. Andamooka Station,

Andamooka North Paddock. -30.370497 137.217787

A125 8.5 km direct NNE of Andamooka township, on track heading ENE from Swamp Dams Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.373489 137.186844

F07 7.8 km direct NNE of Andamooka township on fringes of clay pan between dunes. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.38283333 137.19625

A139 7.1 km direct N of Andamooka township, by track on N side of Swamp Dams Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.383446 137.162999



A95 7.6 km direct NNE of Andamooka township on track along W edge of clay pan with airstrip just N of Teatree Dam. Andamooka Station,

Andamooka North Paddock. -30.38399 137.194912

F06 3.8 km ENE of Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.43478 137.20387

C79 Andamooka township, in undeveloped verge fronting service station (and nearby post office) on S side of Opal Creek Boulevard just SE of

junction of Christmas Hill Rd -30.447776 137.166961

C279 Crozier Creek, 11.3 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.474367 137.279922

C258 Crozier Creek, 11.6 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.475576 137.283201

C275 Base of low gibber hills adjoining Crozier Creek, 11.6 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka Nth Paddock. -30.47596 137.282896

C264 Tributary of Crozier Creek, 11.5 km direct ESE Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.476179 137.282052

A141 8.3 km direct SSE of Andamooka township on road to Andamooka HS, depression on E side of road, 0.7 km NE of White Dam Andamooka

Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.519001 137.194253

F25 Red Gum channel leading into W side of Lake Torrens [c. 26 km NE of Andamooka HS]. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.52443667 137.3359892

F24 Small island near W side of Lake Torrens, c. 15 km NNW from E end of Andamooka Island. Intertidal area along shore of island. Lake

Torrens National Park. -30.55129883 137.443104

C281 2.4 km ESE of Phillips Ridge Dam, 10.4 km direct E of Roxby Downs township (PO). Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.552541 137.006656

C289 2.4 km ESE of Phillips Ridge Dam, 10.4 km direct E of Roxby Downs township (PO). Andamooka Station, Andamooka North Paddock. -30.5529 137.00616



A243 McCormack Reserve, on flats near N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby Downs HS.

Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.621353 136.583492

A252 McCormack Reserve, on dunes approaching N boundary, W side of track to Pinery Dam, 18.6 km direct WNW (bearing 293°) from Roxby

Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.622312 136.58398

A269 McCormack Reserve, towards N end, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.63837 136.583135

A270 McCormack Reserve, towards N end, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.646446 136.578706

F15 8.2 km direct NNE of Andamooka HS on road to Andamooka township. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.65636746 137.2285708

C300 Wirrida Wells, 13.5 WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP5. -30.679388 137.071698

A271 McCormack Reserve, 1.5 km N of Sisters Well, near W side, on track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.687026 136.580099

C215 Wilaroo Lagoon, on drainage area entering SE corner of lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.687456 137.266156

D34 Outwash near spring at 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68889 137.27017

F33 Andamooka Waterhole, in gully beside waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68901667 137.3023667

F34 Andamooka Waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68901667 137.3023667

F36 Andamooka Waterhole, in rocky shallow valley of waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68901667 137.3023667

F37 Andamooka Waterhole. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68908333 137.3021833

D5 Face of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.68922 137.27116

C306 2.2 km direct ESE from Wirrida Wells, on track towards Halfway Tank, 10.7 km direct WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station,

Andamooka South Paddock. -30.690021 137.097486

D22 Gully in sandstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.69091 137.27078

D28 Plateau on top of black ironstone escarpment near 'Flowing Bore', on S side of Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.691 137.27155

F23 McCormack Reserve, S end, c. 0.9 km direct NNE of Sisters Well, on E side track track to Pinery Dam. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram

Paddock. -30.69311304 136.580621

A272 McCormack Reserve, near SW corner, c 200 m N of Sisters Well. Roxby Downs Station, Sisters Ram Paddock. -30.698729 136.579091

C312 On track between Halfway Tank and Willaroo Dam, 6.6 km WNW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.699485 137.139526

C237 On N side of Chances Swamp, 1.0 km direct ENE of Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Holding Paddock HP3. -30.699502 136.762541

C293 Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. On inner slope of dam wall, 6 m from water's edge. Andamooka Station,




C294 Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS, in clear water of dam, near edge. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.704436 137.174521

F17 Wilaroo Dam, c. 3.5 km direct NW of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.70588889 137.1743333

C243 11.2 km direct W of Roxby Downs HS, on S side of track to Sisiters Well. Roxby Downs Station, Bambridge's Paddock. -30.709015 136.636368

F11 5.3 km direct ENE of Andamooka HS, on track towards Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.71333333 137.2545833

F27 Near Bush Blitz site SSS1, 2.5 km WNW of Andamooka HS, on N side of track to Wilaroo Dam. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1. -30.713604 137.178817

C8 Bush Blitz quadrat SSS1, 2.5 km WNW of Andamooka HS, on N side of track to Wilaroo Dam. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1. -30.714171 137.179281

A62 Near Bush Blitz site SSS1, but outside quadrat, 2.5 km WNW of Andamooka HS, on N side of track to Wilaroo Dam. Andamooka Station,

Holding Paddock HP1. -30.714271 137.178834

C320 White escarpment to S of track from Andamooka HS to Wilaroo Dam, c. 2.0 km direct WNW from HS (bearing 121°). Andamooka Station,

Holding Paddock HP1. -30.716053 137.184011

F35 c. 1.1 km direct NE of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.72025 137.2113333

F26 Small island in Lake Torrens, on W side, E from Andamooka Island. Lake Torrens National Park, . -30.72103056 137.5541222

F12 Approx. 1.3 km direct ENE of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.72416667 137.2153333

A35 SE-facing slope of hill c. 0.25 km NW of Andamooka HS (newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.724402 137.199579

A34 c. 220 m NW of Andamooka HS (newer house) in sandy & rocky gully skirting base of rocky hill. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.724737 137.199825

C325 Lower slope of rocky hill c. 0.2 km NW of Andamooka HS (newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.724789 137.199936

A21 Close to cairn on summit of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.15 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.724897 137.200547

A23 On the upper S-facing slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.15 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.724965 137.200727

A31 c. 0.15 km NW of the older house at Andamooka HS, on sandy loam flat at the base of hill. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.725008 137.199786

A32 Approx. 220 m WNW of Andamooka HS (newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.725135 137.199803

C235 1.0 km direct E of Andamooka HS, on track to Wilaroo Lagoon. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.725198 137.212009

A15 Lower S-facing slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.725386 137.200697

A11 Lower slope of hill on N side of Andamooka HS, c. 0.1 km NW of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.725388 137.201044

A24 Base of small gully channel in red sand dune c. 0.15 km WNW of Andamooka HS (newer house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.725625 137.200146



A40 Sand dune c. 0.15 km W of Andamooka HS (older house). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.725668 137.199359

C329 Andamooka HS, by Callitris stand NW of the older house and 120 m W of the newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.725792 137.200399

F02 Approx. 800 m W of Andamooka HS. Andamooka Station, Holding Paddock HP1. -30.726 137.1929167

C14 Andamooka Creek track crossing immediately E of Andamooka HS (c. 0.2 km direct E from newer house). Andamooka Station,


C1 Andamooka HS, environs of newer house. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.726357 137.201392

C290 c. 0.25 km SW from newer house at Andamooka HS (survey helipad site). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.727893 137.199773

A66 c. 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS., in Acacia Creek, near crossing of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.728487 137.211129

F03 1.0 km ESE of Andamooka HS, in Acacia Creek. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.73013889 137.2102778

F01 1.4 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, in Acacia Creek, on SW side of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.73113889 137.2149167

A88 1.7 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, on verge of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.732768 137.217853

A81 1.7 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, on bank of Acacia Creek, on SW side of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.732886 137.217568

F04 1.0 km SE of Andamooka HS Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.73336111 137.2086389

F40 1.2 km direct SE of Andamooka HS, in tributary of Acacia Creek. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.73477659 137.2093431

A92 2.1 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, in Acacia Creek, on SW side of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.7351 137.220711

A3 Bush Blitz quadrat SSS2, 3.0 km direct ESE of Andamooka HS, on S side of track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South

Paddock. -30.738854 137.2293

A221 c. 27 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Kookaburra Paddock. -30.742143 136.477732

F14 3.3 km direct SE of Andamooka HS, c. 0.4 km SSE from Bush Blitz quadrat SSS2 and track to Myall Well. Andamooka Station, Andamooka

South Paddock. -30.74244444 137.2305278




F05 5.9 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS, on Andamooka Station Road. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.75070833 137.1457972

C110 13.7 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS (bearing 248°), on Andamooka Station Road towards Olympic Dam Hwy. Andamooka Station,




C106 17.7 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS (bearing 247°), on Andamooka Station Road towards Olympic Dam Hwy. Andamooka Station,


F22 E side of Burden Hill Dam (17.5 km ESE of Andamooka HS). Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.77880692 137.3735084

A146 3.1 km direct WNW of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock. -30.779068 136.863769

F32 Vicinty of Andamooka Station Road, 7.1 km direct E of its junction with Olympic Dam Hwy; entomological site LT25. Andamooka Station,


C104 22.3 km direct WSW of Andamooka HS (bearing 245°), on Andamooka Station Road [and 6.3 km direct E of it s junction with Olympic

Dam Hwy]. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.788363 136.97942

F13 Near homestead buildings at Purple Downs HS. Purple Downs Station, Holding Paddock HP4. -30.78888889 136.8947222





A157 2.1 km direct W of Purple Downs HS along road to Roxby Downs HS, on NE side of road, in flood-out drainage channel flowing into Purple

Swamp. Purple Downs Station, Purple Paddock. -30.790072 136.873038



F18 Lake Torrens [near E side of Andamooka Island]. Lake Torrens National Park. -30.79452 137.62

F16 Eastern edge of Andamooka Island, on margin of Lake Torrens. Bosworth Station, Island Paddock. -30.79613889 137.6194722

F21 Edge of channels between Andamooka Island and gibber to the W. Lake Torrens National Park. -30.81780302 137.4735706

F39 Dromedary Dam. Andamooka Station, Andamooka South Paddock. -30.81988 137.178359

F10 8.2 km direct SW of Purple Downs HS, on drainage line crossing old Overland Telegraph track. Purple Downs Station, Swamp Paddock. -30.83316667 136.8255833

A227 c. 35 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS, c. 1.5 km NW of The Knoll, on edge of dried clay pan. Roxby Downs Station, Boundary Paddock. -30.840897 136.418785

A230 c. 35 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS. c. 1.5 km NW of The Knoll, on sand dune near clay pan. Roxby Downs Station, Boundary Paddock. -30.841209 136.418513

A231 c. 35 km WSW of Roxby Downs HS. c. 1.4 km NW of The Knoll, on sand dune near clay pan. Roxby Downs Station, Boundary Paddock. -30.841416 136.419376

F28 W side of Lake Campbell, 23.5 km direct SW of Roxby Downs HS. Roxby Downs Station, Campbell Paddock. -30.86 136.588

A236 c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon, in wet clay pan at base of sand dune, drying out. Purple Downs Station,

O'Reilley's Paddock. -30.913771 136.735206

A238 c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Purple Downs Station, O'Reilley's Paddock. -30.913909 136.737451



A240 c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Small 50 m2 plateau half way down a ridge. Purple Downs Station, O'Reilley's

Paddock. -30.914135 136.738051

A237 c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Purple Downs Station, O'Reilley's Paddock. -30.91429 136.735973

A239 c. 21 km SW of Purple Downs HS, to NW of Shell Lagoon. Small gully junction of red sand dune and limestone cobble. Purple Downs

Station, O'Reilley's Paddock. -30.914323 136.737252

F09 Near N shore of Shell Lagoon, on floodout of channel from stony plateau draining into lake, 20.1 km direct SW of Purple Downs HS.

Purple Downs Station, O'Reillys Paddock. -30.91502778 136.7438056

D81 On Aitken Creek, 1.2 km NNE of Four Mile Dam. Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock. -30.929828 137.461144

D92 On Aitken Creek, 1.0 km NNE of Four Mile Dam. Bosworth Station, Ram Paddock. -30.9314 137.461356

A176 Murdie Island, N end, towards W side. [Small island c. 3 - 4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by

helicopter]. Lake Torrens National Park. -30.981839 137.692467

C112 Murdie Island, N end, towards W side. [Small island c. 3 - 4 km across, on W side of Lake Torrens, S of Andamooka Island, accessed by

helicopter]. Lake Torrens National Park. -30.982581 137.694138

F29 Major W tributary of Bosworth Creek, 1.8 km direct NE of Hams Dam; entomological site LT50. Bosworth Station, West Dam Paddock. -30.9979 137.4142333

F31 Major W tributary of Bosworth Creek, 1.8 km direct NE of Hams Dam; entomological site LT51. Bosworth Station, West Dam Paddock. -30.99835 137.41455

F30 Minor tributary of Bosworth Creek, 0.3 km ENE of Lambies Dam; entomological site LT54. Bosworth Station, No. 2 Paddock. -31.06366667 137.435

D55 Near NW end of Carrapateena Arm of Lake Torrens and and its junction with Bosworth Creek. Bosworth Station, No. 2 Paddock. -31.080703 137.44017






F20 Lake Torrens [main lake bed E from Carrapateena Arm]. Lake Torrens National Park. -31.185872 137.735599

C122 5.8 km direct ENE from Yeltacowie HS (Outstation), 0.9 km NNW out from track to Dawson Dam. Pernatty Station, Yeltacowie Paddock. -31.30674 137.40568

A191 5.5 km direct ENE from Yeltacowie HS (Outstation), on NW side of track to Dawson Dam. Pernatty Station, Yeltacowie Paddock. -31.314757 137.40836

A198 Tributary on N side of Whittata Creek, 6.1 km NE of Gum Woolshed (wh. is near Gum Waterhole). Pernatty Station, Acacia Paddock. -31.420565 137.546334

C142 2.4 km NNW of Woodforde Hill, 1.9 km S of North Tiffen Dam, 14.0 km direct ENE Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, North Tiffen Paddock. -31.44881 137.6223

F38 Small spring in Lake Torrens [near W side, c. 10 km W of Mountford Spring]. Lake Torrens National Park. -31.482577 137.745381



F19 Mountford Spring, mound spring in middle of Lake Torrens forming an island. All samples within 100 m of GPS waypoint. Lake Torrens

National Park. -31.50155556 137.8475556

C150 Near summit of hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.0 km direct S of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Willow Paddock. -31.53631 137.48756

C158 Mid SW-facing escarpment slope on hill on NW side of Warriner Gap, 6.2 km direct S of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Willow Paddock. -31.537922 137.486679

A207 Towards E side of 'Canegrass Swamp' (which is E of Toby Swamp), 10.2 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS, near fenceline boundary of

Sandstone Paddock on NW corner of South Gap Station. Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock HP21. -31.56999 137.447637

C164 SW margin of 'Canegrass Swamp' (immediately E of Toby Swamp), 10.5 km direct SSW of Pernatty HS. Pernatty Station, Holding Paddock

HP21. -31.570793 137.440519

lake torrens bush blitz survey - know.ourplants.org

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