landscape restoration for improving ecosystem services and building climate resilience
TRANSCRIPT
Landscape Restoration for Improving Ecosystem Services and Building Climate
Resilience
Landscape Restoration for Climate and CommunitiesUnderstanding the Opportunities and Challenges in Madhya Pradesh23 July 2016, Bhopal
ITC’s Agri-Business - Snapshot
Business Relevance - High Stakes in Indian Agriculture• Direct engagement with nearly 2 hundred thousand farmers thru
crop development on more than 3 hundred thousand hectares• Farmer connect thru eChoupals – 4 million• These farmers operate in moisture stressed areas:
Agriculture mainly rain-fed - crop production unstable Depletion of bio-mass - aggravating top-soil losses &
surface run-off High soil erosion - implications for fertility & productivity of
land Climate change
Business Product/ s Major Sourcing - Crop/ produceFoods business - Biscuits, noodles & pasta, wheat flour, candies etc. Potato, Wheat, milk
Paper & Paper- Boards Pulp wood species - eucalyptus, subabul, casuarina & bamboo
Commodity businesses Soya, Coffee, maize, tobacco etc.
ITC’s Social Investments Programme
Coverage: 16 states, 166 districtsOn Farm Livelihood Interventions: Livelihood Today
Natural Resource Management : Watershed Development, Social & Farm Forestry, Sustainable Agriculture.
Integrated Animal Husbandry ProgrammeOff Farm Livelihood Interventions: Making Future Ready
Women Empowerment: SHGs & SHG based Micro-enterprises.
Targeting hard-core poor Universalisation of primary education Skill Development of youths to improve
employability Health & Sanitation.
Approach: Multi Stakeholder Alliance • Partnership Between;
– Communities &PRIs – As direct implementers of the project and owners of the asset created
– Specialist NGOs & Expert Agencies – As TSA of the project with community mobilisation skills and technical competence to facilitate and handhold communities for the implementation
– Corporates – As co funders and supporting partners with managerial competence and business partners
– Government – As resource providers to support the project financially and technically and provide policy direction
• Currently, ITC has MoU for 27 PPP projects with state governments and NABARD for watershed development in 5 states covering a target area of over 158,000 ha in nearly 200 villages.
Natural Resource
Management
Communities as Direct
Implementers
Government Resources &
policy support
Specialist NGOS
Managerial Competence and Business
Skills of Corporates
Landscape Restoration : Components
Soil and Moisture Conservation Ground Water Management and Water Security Sustainable Agriculture Development Promotion of Biodiversity Building Climate Resilient Livelihood Institution Building
Land Degradation
16.4 tonnes of fertile top soil is lost per hectare per year of which:
- 29% is lost permanently to the seas and another
- 10% flows into reservoirs thus reducing their storage capacity by around 2% per year.
Water is given preference over soil Soil Moisture is a neglected area
Soil and Moisture Conservation
2,60,000 ha area treated so far 8,300 water harvesting structure
Measuring Soil Erosion: Sediment Monitoring Units
Catchment area = 1230 HaRaingague distance = 5.7 KmsSMU location - KhajuriyaRaingauge location – Ratanpur (Sehore)
S. No
District
Project / PIA
Location
village
Sediment quantity (Tons/year)
Estimated value
Actual calculated
value
1 SehoreITC SMC / VIBHAVARI
Khajuriya 3,215 4,282
2Chhindwara
ITC SMC / IDYWC
Khadwadi 4,268 11,328
3 SehoreITC-IWMP / Samarthan
Ramakhedi 2,045 -
Unsustainable Ground Water Use
• India is the “global champion” in groundwater irrigation: 40% of irrigated area from tube-wells 15% of groundwater tables over-exploited
• Sustainable use & groundwater development a major challengeWatershed plans should be aligned to the science of hydro-
geology
Source: Minor Irrigation Census, http://micensus.gov.in/
Ground Water Management and Water Security
No.of functional borewells in the entire catchment
5,825Nos
Average discharge from each borewell 210 LPMAverage annual pumping hours of each borewell
900Hrs
Discharge from each borewell in m3 11,340 m3
Total discharge from all borewells 66
Million m3 / year
Total watershed area 305 Million m2
Annual groundwater abstraction 217 mmAverage annual rainfall in watershed 1,100 mmWater storage in soil 220 mmAnnual groundwater recharge 165 mm
Ground Water Management and Water Security
Ground Water Management and Water Security
Ghod river Catchment: 3.58
lakh ha No of villages: 440
Co-Creating an Ecosystem of Sustainable Agriculture
Information &
knowledge
Access to inputs & markets
Sustainable agriculture practices
Natural resource
management
Integrated animal
husbandry services
Sustainable Agriculture Programme
Soil health is focusSoil Carbon is indicator
Climate Resilient Technologies - Zero Tillage, BBF, R&F, Horti & low
cost inputs Support Services - Mechanization for women, small
& marginal farmers thru CHCs Knowledge Services - Thru FFS and tie ups with CGIAR, Agri Universities, KVKs Mainstreaming of Gender- Women FFS- SHG led custom Hiring Centre (CHCs)
Climate Smart Village
Promotion of Biodiversity in Agri Landscape
Commons are shrinking at the rate of 1.9 per cent every five years due to encroachment
Since independence, more than 834,000 hectares of village commons have been encroached.
Traditional species are disappearing from agri fields.
Challenges• Restoration of pasture
lands• Regeneration of native
sps. – In commons, pastures, tank catchments
• Promotion of allied livelihoods – fodder/apiary/pisciculture /NTFP etc
Approx 5,000 ha commons have been rejuvenated.
Solution
Bio-Diversity conservation in Bhilwara dt., Rajasthan: Impact on Natural Resources
• Increase in area of Tree outside Forest from 36 ha to 146 ha in Agril. land & 206 ha to 460 ha in Open Forests
• Improvement in species richness and regeneration Canopy cover: 20-25%
• % increase of Organic carbon in regenerated plots- 10-13%• Total organic matter added in to soil - 969.47 Tones• Total carbon dioxide sequestered - 1454.2 Tones
• Initiated towards understanding relation between eco-system services and agriculture in partnership with IUCN. Aimed at mainstreaming biodiversity into rural and agrarian communities based on study findings
• Implement biodiversity conservation at a water basin level and going forward at river basin level by incorporating all factors such as, in-situ conservation, native species planting, protection of existing flora and faun
Bio-Diversity Conservation – Way forward
Promotion of agro forestry
2,25,000 ha covered under afforestation programme out of which 25,000 ha is agrforestry
Building Climate Resilience to Rural Livelihoods
• Integrated Animal Husbandry Programme. Covered 13,00,000 milch animals.
• 50,000 women covered through SHG programme• Targeting Hardcore Poor:10,000 ultra poor women mainstreamed and
liked with livelihoods.• Skill development: 31,000 underprivileged youths trained and placed in
different jobs.• Health and Sanitation : 15,000 households
Institution Building
• Integration of different institutions at village level.
• Involvement of PRIs: PRI Capacity building
Challenges & Learnings
Diverse Interests of different stakeholders
- Meeting expectations of different stakeholders
- Conflicting interests
Multiple institutions : PRI is a solution
Lack of policy support
Multiple schemes & programmes
Payment for ecosystem services
Thank you