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LAPORAN SKRIPSI
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN CODEC UNTUK
IMPLEMENTASI LAYANAN VoIP MENGGUNAKAN PROTOKOL
H.323 DAN SIP
ANALYSIS COMPARISON UTILIZATION CODEC FOR VoIP SERVICES
IMPLEMENTATION USING H.323 AND SIP PROTOCOLS
Disusun Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik
Program Studi Teknik Telekomunikasi
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telkom Purwokerto
Disusun oleh :
REANNOR ALL HAFIZ
15101112
Program Studi Teknik Telekomunikasi
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telematika Telkom
Purwokerto
2017
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15101112 iv
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ABSTRAKSI
Pentingnya komunikasi dalam kehidupan masyarakat menyebabkan
banyaknya tuntutan akan sebuah teknologi komunikasi yang relatif murah dan
efisien dalam penggunaannya. Oleh sebab itu, dibangun sebuah teknologi yang
disebut Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Voice over Internet Protocol
(VoIP) adalah teknologi yang membuat komunikasi jarak jauh dapat dilakukan
melalui media internet. Protokol yang dapat membangun suatu jaringan VoIP
adalah protokol dengan metode signaling, diantaranya protokol H.323 dan
Session initiation Protocol (SIP). Dalam layanan VoIP, audio yang dikirimkan
ke jaringan internet perlu dikonversikan. Codec berperan dalam mengkonversi
dari analog ke digital begitu pula sebaliknya. Penggunaan codec yang tepat
akan mampu mengoptimalkan kinerja layanan VoIP dalam protokol H.323 dan
SIP. Untuk memperoleh jaringan yang berkualitas, data diamati berdasarkan
paramter Quality of Service (QoS) yang meliputi : jitter, delay dan packet loss.
Skripsi ini membahas performansi layanan VoIP pada jaringan protokol
H.323 dan SIP dengan codec G.723 dan G.729A menggunakan Opnet Modeler
14.5. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi menunjukkan nilai terbaik yang diperoleh dari
4 skenario pada setiap parameter sebagai berikut : Pada parameter jitter, nilai
terbaik berada pada skenario protokol SIP dengan codec G.729A sebesar
0,00118 μs. Pada parameter delay, nilai terbaik berada pada skenario protokol
SIP dengan codec G.729A sebesar 60,286 ms. Pada parameter packet loss, nilai
terbaik berada pada skenario protokol H.323 dengan codec G.723 sebesar
0,0013%.
Kata kunci : VoIP, H.323, SIP, Codec, QoS, Opnet Modeler 14.5
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ABSTRACT
The importance of communication in public life led many demands will be
a communications technology that is relatively inexpensive and efficient in its
use. Therefore, built a technology called Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology that makes remote
communication can be done with the internet media. Protocol to build a VoIP
network is a method signaling protocols, including H.323 and Session initiation
Protocol (SIP). In VoIP, audio is sent to the Internet need to be converted.
Codec instrumental in converting from analog to digital and vice versa. Use of
the appropriate codec will be able to optimize the performance of VoIP
services in H.323 and SIP protocols. To obtain a quality network of data
observed by the parameters of Quality of Service (QoS) which includes: jitter,
delay and packet loss.
This thesis discuss the performance of VoIP on the network protocols
H.323 and SIP with the codec G.723 and G.729A using OPNET Modeler 14.5.
Based on simulation results showed the best values obtained from four
scenarios for each parameter as follows: In the jitter parameters, the best value
is in the scenario with the SIP protocol G.729A codec at 0.00118 μs. On the
delay parameters, the best value is in the scenario with the SIP protocol
G.729A codec of 60.286 ms. In the packet loss parameters, the best value is in
the scenario with the G.723 codec H.323 protocol amounted to 0.0013%.
Keywords : VoIP, H.323, SIP, Codec, QoS, Opnet Modeler 14.5
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................ iii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iv
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN AKADEMIS ........................... v
ABSTRAKSI ..................................................................................................... vi
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1
1.1 LATAR BELAKANG ..................................................................... 1
1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH ............................................................... 2
1.3 TUJUAN ........................................................................................ 2
1.4 MANFAAT ..................................................................................... 3
1.5 BATASAN MASALAH ................................................................. 3
1.6 METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................... 3
BAB II DASAR TEORI .................................................................................... 5
2.1 Voice over Internet Protocol ........................................................... 5
2.1.1 Cara kerja VoIP ...................................................................... 5
2.1.2 Komponen VoIP ..................................................................... 5
2.2 Protokol H.323 ............................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Komponen H.323 ................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Alamat pada H.323............................................................... 12
2.2.3 Registration .......................................................................... 13
2.3 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) .................................................. 14
2.3.1 Susunan protokol SIP ........................................................... 14
2.3.2 Komponen SIP ..................................................................... 15
2.3.3 Alamat pada SIP ................................................................... 18
2.3.4 Pesan pada SIP ..................................................................... 18
2.3.5 Header field.......................................................................... 19
2.3.6 SIP request ........................................................................... 19
2.3.7 SIP response ......................................................................... 20
2.3.8 Alur pada SIP ....................................................................... 21
2.4 Standar Kompresi Data Suara ....................................................... 24
2.5 Quality of Service (QoS) ............................................................... 25
2.6 Parameter-parameter QoS ............................................................. 26
2.6.1 Bandwidth ............................................................................ 26
2.6.2 Jitter ..................................................................................... 26
2.6.3 Delay .................................................................................... 26
2.6.4 Throughput ........................................................................... 27
2.6.5 Packet loss............................................................................ 27
2.7 OPNET Modeler 14.5 ................................................................... 28
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BAB III PERANCANGAN JARINGAN ....................................................... 29
3.1 SPESIFIKASI HARDWARE YANG DIGUNAKAN .................... 29
3.2 SPESIFIKASI SOFTWARE YANG DIGUNAKAN ..................... 29
3.3 FLOWCHART PENGERJAAN TOPOLOGI DAN SKENARIO . 29
3.4 PERSIAPAN PENELITIAN ......................................................... 31
3.4.1 Perancangan Topologi Jaringan ............................................ 31
3.4.2 Konfigurasi Komponen Jaringan .......................................... 34
3.4.3 Konfigurasi DES Statistic ..................................................... 39
3.4.4 Perancangan Skenario........................................................... 39
3.5 PENGUMPULAN DATA ............................................................. 41
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................................................... 43
4.1 Skenario 1 Protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.723 ................... 44
4.1.1 Jitter..................................................................................... 44
4.1.2 Delay .................................................................................... 44
4.1.3 Throughput ........................................................................... 45
4.1.4 Packet loss ............................................................................ 45
4.2 Skenario 2 Protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.729A ................. 46
4.2.1 Jitter...................................................................................... 46
4.2.2 Delay .................................................................................... 46
4.2.3 Throughput ........................................................................... 47
4.2.4 Packet loss ............................................................................ 47
4.3 Skenario 3 Protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.723 .............. 48
4.3.1 Jitter...................................................................................... 48
4.3.2 Delay .................................................................................... 48
4.3.3 Throughput ........................................................................... 49
4.3.4 Packet loss ............................................................................ 49
4.4 Skenario 4 Protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.729A ............. 50
4.4.1 Jitter...................................................................................... 50
4.4.2 Delay .................................................................................... 50
4.4.3 Throughput ........................................................................... 51
4.4.4 Packet loss ............................................................................ 51
4.5 Analisis Data ................................................................................. 52
4.5.1 Analisa perbandingan skenario 1 dan 2 ................................ 52
4.5.2 Analisa perbandingan skenario 3 dan 4 ................................ 57
4.5.3 Analisa perbandingan skenario 1 dan 3 ................................ 57
4.5.4 Analisa perbandingan skenario 2 dan 4 ................................ 66
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 71
5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 71
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................ 71
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 72
LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................... L-1
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Cara Kerja VoIP. ............................................................................. 5
Gambar 2.2 Diagram blok terminal berbasis H.323 ........................................... 8
Gambar 2.3 Terminal H.323. .............................................................................. 8
Gambar 2.4 Gateway H.323. ............................................................................ 10
Gambar 2.5 Zona H.323. ...................................................................................11
Gambar 2.6 Proses registration endpoint. ......................................................... 13
Gambar 2.7 Arsitektur protokol SIP. ................................................................ 14
Gambar 2.8 UAC dan UAS. ............................................................................. 15
Gambar 2.9 Proses sesi invite dengan proxy server. ........................................ 16
Gambar 2.10 Redirect server. ........................................................................... 17
Gambar 2.11 Registar server. ........................................................................... 17
Gambar 2.12 Arsitektur VoIP menggunakan SIP. ............................................. 18
Gambar 2.13 Diagram pesan register. .............................................................. 22
Gambar 2.14 Diagram pesan invite. ................................................................. 23
Gambar 2.15 Diagram pesan BYE. .................................................................. 23
Gambar 2.16 Diagram pesan BYE dalam percakapan. ..................................... 23
Gambar 2.17 OPNET Modeler 14.5 ................................................................. 28
Gambar 3.1 Flowchart pengerjaan topologi dan skenario ................................ 30
Gambar 3.2 Perancangan jaringan menggunakan SIP server ........................... 31
Gambar 3.3 Perancangan jaringan menggunakan H.323 Gatekeeper .............. 32
Gambar 3.4 Application config ........................................................................ 32
Gambar 3.5 Profile config ................................................................................ 33
Gambar 3.6 Router ........................................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.7 H.323 gatekeeper .......................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.8 SIP server ..................................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.9 Switch ........................................................................................... 34
Gambar 3.10 Workstation ................................................................................. 34
Gambar 3.11 Link 10BaseT .............................................................................. 34
Gambar 3.12 Konfigurasi application config ................................................... 35
Gambar 3.13 Konfigurasi profile config ........................................................... 36
Gambar 3.14 Konfigurasi SIP UAS Pada Proxy Server ................................... 37
Gambar 3.15 Konfigurasi Aplikasi Pada Proxy Server .................................... 37
Gmbar 3.16 Konfigurasi H.323 gatekeeper...................................................... 37
Gambar 3.17 application support profile ......................................................... 38
Gambar 3.18 application support service ........................................................ 38
Gambar 3.19 Konfigurasi protokol SIP ............................................................ 38
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Gambar 3.20 Konfigurasi protokol H.323 ........................................................ 38
Gambar 3.21 Pemilihan parameter pada DES statistic dalam Global Statistic . 39
Gambar 4.1 Pengaturan Simulasi ...................................................................... 43
Gambar 4.2 Proses Running Simulasi ............................................................... 43
Gambar 4.3 Output jitter protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.723 .................. 44
Gambar 4.4 Output delay protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.723 ................. 44
Gambar 4.5 Output throughput protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.723 ........ 45
Gambar 4.6 Output packet loss protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.723 ........ 45
Gambar 4.7 Output jitter protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.729A ............... 46
Gambar 4.8 Output delay protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.729A .............. 46
Gambar 4.9 Output throughput protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.729A ..... 47
Gambar 4.10 Output packet loss protokol SIP menggunakan codec G.729A ... 47
Gambar 4.11 Output jitter protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.723………48
Gambar 4.12 Output delay protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.723 ........... 49
Gambar 4.13 Output throughput protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.723 .. 49
Gambar 4.14 Output packet loss protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.723 . 50
Gambar 4.15 Output jitter protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.729A...….50
Gambar 4.16 Output delay protokol H.323 menggunakan codec G.729A ........ 51
Gambar 4.17 Output throughput protokol H.323 menggunaka codec G.729A . 51
Gambar 4.18 Output packet loss protokol H.323 dengan codec G.729A .......... 52
Gambar 4.19 Grafik perbandingan output jitter................................................ 53
Gambar 4.20 Grafik perbandingan output end-to-end delay ............................ 54
Gambar 4.21 Grafik perbandingan output throughput................................... 55
Gambar 4.22 Grafik perbandingan output traffic sent ...................................... 56
Gambar 4.23 Grafik perbandingan output traffic received ............................... 56
Gambar 4.24 Grafik perbandingan output jitter................................................ 58
Gambar 4.25 Grafik perbandingan output end-to-end delay ............................ 59
Gambar 4.26 Grafik perbandingan output throughput ...................................... 60
Gambar 4.27 Grafik perbandingan output traffic sent ...................................... 61
Gambar 4.28 Grafik perbandingan output traffic received ............................... 61
Gambar 4.29 Grafik perbandingan output jitter................................................ 62
Gambar 4.30 Grafik perbandingan output end-to-end delay ............................ 63
Gambar 4.31 Grafik perbandingan output throughput ...................................... 64
Gambar 4.32 Grafik perbandingan output traffic sent ...................................... 65
Gambar 4.33 Grafik perbandingan output traffic received ............................... 65
Gambar 4.34 Grafik perbandingan output jitter................................................ 66
Gambar 4.35 Grafik perbandingan output end-to-end delay ............................ 67
Gambar 4.36 Grafik perbandingan output throughput ...................................... 68
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Gambar 4.37 Grafik perbandingan output traffic sent ...................................... 69
Gambar 4.38 Grafik perbandingan output traffic received ............................... 69
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Contoh pengalamatan pada H.323. ................................................... 12
Tabel 2.2 Contoh pengalamatan SIP. ................................................................ 18
Tabel 2.3 Header SIP ........................................................................................ 19
Tabel 2.4 Kelas Respon .................................................................................... 20
Tabel 2.5 Kode pesan respon SIP ..................................................................... 20
Tabel 2.6 Batasan jitter ..................................................................................... 26
Tabel 2.7 Batasan delay .................................................................................... 27
Tabel 2.8 Batasan throughput ........................................................................... 27
Tabel 2.9 Batasan packet loss ........................................................................... 28
Tabel 3.1 Perancangan skenario jaringan .......................................................... 39
Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan nilai jitter .................................................................... 53
Tabel 4.2 Perbandingan nilai end-to-end delay ................................................. 55
Tabel 4.3 Perbandingan nilai rata-rata throughput ............................................ 55
Tabel 4.4 Perbandingan nilai packet loss .......................................................... 57
Tabel 4.5 Perbandingan nilai jitter .................................................................... 58
Tabel 4.6 Perbandingan nilai end-to-end delay ................................................. 59
Tabel 4.7 Perbandingan nilai rata-rata throughput ............................................ 60
Tabel 4.8 Perbandingan nilai packet loss .......................................................... 62
Tabel 4.9 Perbandingan nilai jitter .................................................................... 63
Tabel 4.10 Perbandingan nilai end-to-end delay ............................................... 64
Tabel 4.11 Perbandingan nilai rata-rata throughput .......................................... 64
Tabel 4.12 Perbandingan nilai packet loss ........................................................ 66
Tabel 4.13 Perbandingan nilai jitter .................................................................. 67
Tabel 4.14 Perbandingan nilai end-to-end delay ............................................... 68
Tabel 4.15 Perbandingan nilai rata-rata throughput .......................................... 69
Tabel 4.16 Perbandingan nilai packet loss ........................................................ 70