learn to read latin: ch. 14 outline
TRANSCRIPT
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7/28/2019 Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 14 Outline
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j.chase
Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 14
131: Result Clauses
Subordinate clause reporting the result of an action. A result may be:
an event likely to follow upon the action of a main verb
an event actually occurring or actually having occurred
Result clauses are introduced by utand take verbs in the subjunctive based on the
rules of sequence.
Result clauses are usually signaled by adverbs or adjectives of degree, including:
ade, ita, sc, tam, tlis, tle, tantus, -a, -um, tot
132: Relative Clauses of Result A result clause combined with the Relative Clause of Characteristic.
Uses qu / qun.
133: Substantive UtClauses Certain verbs and verb phrases appear with noun clausescalled Substantive Ut
clauses. These clauses function as either subjects or direct objects.
Common expressions that introduce these clauses:
acciditor fitit happens
fierpotestit is able to happen / it is possible
efficereor facereto bring it about / to see to it
Negated by ut nn, ut nm, etc. Nmay be used in a command or exhortation.
134: Fore utConstruction To make an Indirect Statement containing a future passive verb, Latin uses
forethe future active infinitive of sum, esse, fu, futrus
substantive utclause with a subjunctive verb in sequence
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 14
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7/28/2019 Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 14 Outline
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j.chase
135: Impersonal Constructions
Common regular impersonal verbs:
licet, licre, licuit / licitum est it is allowed, it is permitted
necesse est it is necessary
oportet, oportre, oportuit it is proper, it is right
Impersonal constructions can take:
subject infinitive + subject accusative
Necesse est hominssse cibum.
It is necessary for men to eat food.
subject infinitive + dative of Reference
Licet Domina Gaga canat.
Lady Gaga singing is permitted.
subjunctive (without ut) Oportet omns dmorte timeant.
All fearing death is proper.
136: Genitive of Characteristic
Genitive of Possession, extended to describe characteristics.
Vocabulary
lna, lnae f. moon
aets, aettis f. age; lifetime; time
agmen, agminisn. line (of march), column; army; multitude, throng
auctrits, auctrittisf. authority; influence
nmen, nminisn. name
s, risn. [in sing. or pl.] mouth; face
sl, slism. sun
aliquis, aliquid or quis, quid or quisquam, quicquam [indef. pron.] someone,
something; anyone, anything
aliqu, aliqua, aliquod or qu, qua, quod [indef. adj.] some, anyquisque, quidque / quicque [indef. pron.] each/every man/woman, each/every thing
quque, quaeque, quodque [indef. adj.] each, every
spect, spectre, spectv, specttus to look (at), observe
accid, accidere, accid, to happen
effici, efficere, effc, effectus to make; bring about
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 14
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metu, metuere, metu, to fear, dread
occid, occidere, occid, occsrus to fall, set; die
prem, premere, press, pressus to press (hard); overpower; check
opprim, opprimere, oppress, oppressus to press on; close, overwhelm, oppress
orior, orr, ortus sum to rise, arise
absum, abesse, fu, futrus to be absent, be distant
adsum, adesse, adfu, adfutrus to be present, be near
cnfer, cnferre, contul, colltus to bring together, collect; compare; direct; confer
licet, licre, licuit / licitum est it is permitted
oportet, oportre, oportuit it is proper, it is right
cnctus, -a, -um all
reliquus, -a, -um remaining, rest (of)
absns, absentis absent
vetus, veteris old
necesse [indecl. adj.] necessary
ade [adv.] to such/so great an extent, (so) very
haud [adv.] not at all, by no means
quods [conj.] but if
vel [conj.] or; [adv.] even
vel vel either or
vix [adv.] scarcely, hardly
LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 14