learning targets “i can…” -describe homologous chromosomes and identify the chart used to...
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Learning Targets“I Can…”
-Describe homologous chromosomes and identify the chart used to organize homologous chromosomes.
-Create a karyotype from a given set of chromosomes.
-Identify the sex chromosomes on a karyotype to determine the gender of an individual.
-Diagnose any nondisjunction errors in a given karyotype.
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Karyotype
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Sex Determination
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Assignment for today:
• Create a karyotype from the given set of chromosomes
• Determine:1. The gender of your child2. If there are any missing or extra chromosomes and where3. The name of the disorder (if there is one)4. The symptoms of the disorder
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Defects in the number of chromosomes can come
from chromosome NONDISJUNCTION
during meiosis
Down Syndrome(aka Trisomy 21)
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Normal Meiosis
• Chromosomes separate from each other during . . . – Anaphase I– Anaphase II
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Nondisjunction during meiosis
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NONDISJUNCTION increases with the mother’s age
• No one is sure why this happens!
• After age 35, amniocentesis is suggested to diagnose extra or missing chromosomes
• Nondisjunction errors are RANDOM!
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Nondisjunction of 21st Chromosome (Most Common)
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Nondisjunction of Sex Chromosomes
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Assignment for today:
• Create a karyotype from the given set of chromosomes
• Determine:1. The gender of your child2. If there are any missing or extra chromosomes and where3. The name of the disorder (if there is one)4. The symptoms of the disorder
![Page 18: Learning Targets “I Can…” -Describe homologous chromosomes and identify the chart used to organize homologous chromosomes. -Create a karyotype from a given](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f125503460f94c25034/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
References• http://www.stjohnsmercy.org/images/chromosome.gif• http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/chromosomes.jpg• http://www.biotechnologyonline.gov.au/images/contentpages/chrom
osomes.jpg• http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/file.php/1638/SK220_1_011i.jpg• http://www.genetics.com.au/images/factsheets/fs29-2.gif• http://www.miscarriage.com.au/images/pages/t21karyo.jpg• http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_Bio/problem_sets/
human_genetics/graphics/klinefelters.gif• http://www.genetics.com.au/images/factsheets/fs28-1.gif
• http://www.mydr.com.au/files/images/categories/babies/amniocentesis.gif