leed green associate exam prep course day 1

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Transforming the Built Environment

U.S. Green Building Council – Missouri Gateway Chapterwww.usgbc-mogateway.org 314-577-0854

LEED Green AssociateExam Prep CourseDay 1

Instructors

Jaime Kelley, LEED AP BD+C

Nick Bristow, PE, LEED AP BD+C/EBO+M, GGP, CBCP

Lawrence Lile, PE, LEED AP BD+C

Jaime: [email protected] 314- 406-3065Lawrence: [email protected] 573-397-5414

Nick: [email protected] 314-288-6753

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Who Are We?Lawrence• Chief Engineer & Proprietor, Lile Engineering• Electrical/HVAC Engineer (PE), Certified Energy Manager,

and Commissioning Agent• Involved with several LEED Projects in Mid-MO

Nick • Senior Project Engineer, Forum Studio• LEED Coordinator on numerous projects• GBCI Item writing workshop participant.

Jaime• Sustainability Consultant• Environmental Engineering, Urban Policy/Planning• Management of several LEED projects in St. Louis3

Who Are You?

Tell us:• 2 professional facts• 1 fun fact!• Per NASA’s Goddard Institute, August

2015 ranks where in terms of the warmest August Months over the last 130 of recorded temperature?

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• USGBC, GCBI and LEED

• LEED Professional Credentials

• Green Building Motivations & Impacts

• Green Building Core Concepts

• Study Tips

• Practice Exam and Review

Nulheghan Administration Visitor Center

Photo by Kim RoseberryCopyright © 2013 U.S. Green Building Council

Overview

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Please turn off your cell phoneFacilitated Discussion

Our Approach

• Cell phones silent, please!• Facilitated discussion• Schedule with breaks

• 90+/- minute increments• Q&A throughout the day• Lunchtime informal discussion • End of day wrap-up

• Class engagement – dialogue & activities• If we don’t know – we’ll get back to you!

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Green Building & LEED Core Concepts Guide, 3rd edition http://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-core-concepts-guide

What references should I study?

LEED V4 Green Associate Candidate Handbookhttp://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-v4-green-associate-candidate-handbook

LEED BD+C Reference Guide (Free web edition) Introductory and Overview sections http://www.usgbc.org/sites/all/assets/section/files/v4-guide-excerpts/Excerpt_v4_BDC.pdf

What references should I study?

LEED Green Associate Exam Preparation Guidehttp://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-green-associate-exam-preparation-guide-leed-v4-edition

There are a few more references listed at the end of Day 2

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Keene State Residence

Photo by Joseph St.Pierre

Pre Quiz!

• Go as quickly as you can• If you don’t know the

answer immediately just skip the question

• Look for the answers for questions you didn’t know

• ASK if you don’t find the answer during the course



Section 1: USGBC, GBCI& LEED

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USGBC

USGBC – U.S. Green Building Council

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• Founded: 1993 • 60 National Firms membership• LEED V1.0: 2000• LEED V2.0: 2001• LEED V2.2: 2005• 2008: 31,000 Certified Buildings• LEED V 2009• LEED V4: 2014

USGBC Timeline

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• USGBC provides education and research programs

• LEED is a 3rd party green building rating system

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USGBC

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LEED®

LEED = Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

•Buildings are “certified”

•People are “accredited”

•Products are not LEED or USGBC endorsed, approved, or certified

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The Rise of the Green Building Industry


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Green Buildings in the Future

“”, USGBC at GreenBuild, Nov 2012



A building that meets the minimum building code is

THE WORST BUILDING ALLOWED BY LAW

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59,211

21,050 39,887 289

August 2014 data

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59,000 Total Commercial Projects

21,050 Certified Commercial Projects55,000 Certified Residential Units

*as of May, 2014

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• Over 50,000 LEED A.P.s with Specialty

• 107,000 LEED A.P.s without specialty

• 35,000 LEED Green Associates*as of May, 2014

191,800 total LEED Accredited Professionals

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USGBCTo transform the way buildings and communities are

designed, built, and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and

prosperous environment that improves the quality of life.

GBCI To support a high level of competence in building methods

for environmental efficiency through the development and administration of a formal program of certification

and recertification.

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•Established in 2008

•Separate entity from USGBC

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Green BusinessCertification Inc. (GBCI)

USGBC vs. GBCI

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Administers LEED Professional credentialing program

• Green Associate• Accredited Professional• Fellow• Provides 3rd party LEED project

certification

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GBCI

LEED Green Associate

• Non-technical

• No specialties

• Can be 1st step to LEED Accredited

Professional• Adheres to LEED Professional Credentialing

Requirements Tier I

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GBCI

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LEED Accredited Professional

Specialties

• Building Design and Construction (BD+C)• Operations and Maintenance (O+M)• Interior Design and Construction (ID+C)• Homes• Neighborhood Development• Adheres to LEED Professional Credentialing

Requirements Tier II41

GBCI

LEED Fellow

Distinguished LEED APs who have made a significant contribution to the field of green building and sustainability

• Eligibility:• LEED APs with specialty –

8 cumulative years as LEED AP.• Document a total of 10 years of experience in the

green building field.

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GBCI

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Program that facilitates LEED Professionals continuing professional development

• Includes levels:o LEED Green Associate o LEED AP ( O+M, Homes, BD+C, ID+C, ND)

• 2-year cycle of time during which continuing education (CE) hours must be achieved

If LEED Professionals do not complete these requirements, their credential expires

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Credential Maintenance Program

Requirements:

• 15 Continuing Education (CE) Hours per two-year reporting period

• 3 CE hours must be LEED-specific (in any specialty area)

CMP Costs:

• $85 maintenance fee (every two years)

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Credential Maintenance ProgramLEED GA

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Requirements:

• 30 CE Hours required every two years• 6 CE hours must be LEED-specific (specific to

the same specialty area of their credential –BD+C, ID+C, etc.)

CMP Costs:

• $85 maintenance fee (every two years)45

Credential Maintenance Program LEED AP

CE hours can be earned through:

• Education (includes both GBCI-approved and unapproved presentations)

• Volunteerism• Authorship• LEED Project Participation

Number of hours earned by engaging in each activity are unlimited, EXCEPT for Volunteerism which is limited to half of your required hours

MORE INFO is available at:http://www.gbci.org/CMP/about-cmp.aspx

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Credential Maintenance Program

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YOUR NAME (YOUR GBCI #)

LEED has led the introduction of other sustainability programs, for instance

International Green Construction codes (IGCC)

Rise of the Green Building Industry

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LEED V4 Video

History:

•USGBC Founded 1993•LEED 1.0 Pilot 1998•LEED 2.0 2000•LEED 2.2 2005•LEED-ND 2009•LEED 2009(V3.0) 2009•LEED V4 2013

BREAK - 15 minutes

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Section 2: Introduction to Green Building• What is green building?• What are some of

the principles guiding the movement?

• Why build Green?• What are the

advantages?• What are the costs?

What is Green Building?

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What is Green Building?• Sustainable

• Embraces Life Cycle Thinking

• Generates Economic Benefits

• Generates Environmental Benefits

• Generates Social benefits

Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

From the Brundtland Commission, UN World Commission on Environment and Development paper “Our Common Future”, 1987

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Sustainability is not a Band Aid

Sustainability• Is not something added at

the end of the project

• Encompasses planning, design, construction, operations, and life cycle impacts

• Is not just about environmental impacts

• Balances environmental, social and financial impacts

• Improves quality of life

• Systems should be healthful, just, equitable, and profitable from a holistic standpoint

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Triple Bottom Line

PlanetPlanet represents natural capital. All costs and benefits of a project to the natural environment

ProfitProfit represents economic capital. This includes costs and benefits for all the stakeholders(not just the owner)

PeoplePeople represent Social Capital. This includes all costs and benefits to the people who construct, work, use, or are influenced by a project

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The goal of the Triple Bottom Line is to create value for all stakeholders, not just a few owners.

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Sustainability Explained

Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFCNCQleCuk

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Section 3: Why Build Green?

•Resource Consumption•Lifecycle of a Building•Costs & Benefits•Motivations•Project Delivery

o Conventional Approach vs. Integrated Project Approach

o Phases and Teams

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Why Green Building?

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• Competition and differentiation (products, hospitality, etc.)

• Recruit and retain employees• Regulatory requirements• Local green and energy

performance codes o MSD, stormwater

managemento Illinois schools’

green cleaning requirements

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Motivations

•LEED measures and enhances the design and sustainability of buildings based on a “triple bottom line” approach:

• People• Planet• Profit

•USGBC has adapted the triple bottom line to establish metrics and rating systems to measure and recognize building projects based on their performance in the three corresponding dimensions of sustainability:

• Society• Environment• Economy

Triple Bottom Line

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Projects certified under the LEED rating systemsdemonstrate, through compliance with a range ofrequirements, that they have addressed elements thatbalance and enhance all three areas of the triplebottom line, all three dimensions of sustainability.

Triple Bottom Line

Triple bottom linePeople, Planet, Profit

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Triple Bottom Line

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Americans spend

90% of their time indoors

Green buildings can create more healthful environments• Better indoor air quality• Improved access to

daylight and views• Documented 2% to 18%

increase in worker and student productivity

• Documented increases in retail sales

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72% of electricity consumption

39% of energy use

38% of all carbon dioxide emissions

14% of potable water consumption

40% of raw materials use

30% of waste output

Buildings Account for…

Copyright © 2013 U.S. Green Building Council

Additional Environmental Impacts of Buildings

• Land clearing destroys wildlife habitat

• Manufacturing materials may pollute water and air

• Extraction (Mining, Logging, etc.) and transportation contribute significant environmental impact

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Additional Environmental Impacts of Buildings

• Building operations use large amounts of energy, water, generate substantial waste streams

• Transportation to and from buildings compounds harmful effects

Green buildings can be better

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What green features can you identify?

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GSA Survey Results - 2012

Green Buildings use less energyAverage 24% lower energy use intensity

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GSA Survey Results

In 2008 and again in 2012 the General Services Administration surveyed 12 GSA buildings, matching LEED buildings with non-LEED buildings for climate and usage.

GSA Survey Results 2008

GSA LEED buildings had:• 24% less energy use• 27% higher levels of occupant satisfaction• 13% lower maintenance costs• 33% lower Carbon Dioxide emissions

Federal LEED buildings outperformed averages in all measured performance areas

Public Buildings Service, Assessing Green Building Performance – A Post-Occupancy evaluation of 12 GSA buildings, General Services Administration, 2008

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Green building is not new.

What are some sustainable features of this green building?

The USGBC is not neutral about climate change.

Reducing the effects of building on climatechange is a central focus of LEED credit Weightings.

Green Building and Climate ChangeAtmospheric CO2 at Mauna Loa Observatory

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Carbon FootprintRepeat Photography of Glaciers http://nrmsc.usgs.gov/repeatphoto/

Muir Glacier – 1941 Muir Glacier - 2004

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Since 1976, every year has had an average global temperature above the long-term average

2013 Temperature Anomaly

From: 2013 State of the Climate: Earth’s surface temperature Climate.gov

Are We Causing It?

Green Building and Climate Change

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Are We Causing It?


The Right Question:

What can we, as individuals, do about it?


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Location


How does location affect energy use and greenhouse gases?

For the averagebuilding in the US, 30% more energy is expended by the office workers commuting than by the building itself for HVAC, lighting and other energy uses.

How does location affect energy use and greenhouse gases?

Location


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Including Buildings and

Transportation systems,

what fraction of all

greenhouse gases does the

Built Environment produce?

Section 4: Sustainable Thinking

• Systems Thinking• Life Cycle Thinking• Integrative Process

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Systems Thinking

• The Built Environment is not a sum of parts• The Built environment is a series of relationships • Each part affects many others • Although this picture is out of focus, can you tell what kind of

environment it is taken in?

Consider an ant colony. Can you describe relationships between this “Built Environment” and the surrounding world?

Is an ant colony sustainable?

How does energy flow through an ant colony?

Systems Thinking – Examples

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How does this example compare to a building built by Humans?


“Optimizing components in isolation tends to pessimize the whole system. You can actually make a system less efficient …”

Paul Hawken, Amory Lovins and L. Hunter Lovins, Natural Capitalism


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A thermostat is an example of Negative Feedback

Is this system stable? or unstable?

What is an exampleof positive feedback?

Systems Thinking – Feedback

Example of PositiveFeedback:New highways spur development.

New developmentcauses congestion

More congestion causes a call for new highways

SPRAWL is the result

Systems Thinking – Feedback

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Where can a small intervention create a large effect?

Systems Thinking - Leverage Points

Real-Time energy use feedback can cause building users and operators to use energy more efficiently

Systems Thinking – The Prius Effect

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• Where is the project?• How do Water, Energy and Materials flow

into the project?• Where do Resources such as rainwater,

wastewater and solid waste flow out of thesystem?

• Can these resources be conserved?

Systems Thinking - Key Questions

• What Community will be affected by the project?

• Who does the building serve?• How will the building

change how they interact?• What are the Owner’s Goals?• Who are other Stakeholders

and what are their goals?


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• How does the Project Community interact? • What are potential sources of conflict? • What are Leverage Points within the system –

can a small change make a large effect?


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Section 5: Life Cycle of a Building

Overview

• Planning• Design• Construction• Operation• Renew• Retire/Repurpose• Regenerative – Living Building Challenge

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Planning

Critical to the success of a LEED project.

Integration of LEED sustainability concepts before design is highly important – allows for a more holistic design, lower first costs.

Life Cycle of a Building

Design

Designers’ involvement and knowledge is crucial to proper specification of materials, products, design elements.

Typically, designers (A&E) take leadership roles in leading the sustainable effort.

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Construction

Success of a LEED project depends on the Contractor/Builder.

Proper cost estimating, site management, material and waste management, training of subcontractors, record keeping, etc.

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Operation

Facility Management staff are so important!

Buy-in at the early stages is critical to ensure that the building performs according to design to maximize efficiencies.

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Renew

Opportunity to utilize an existing building and/or shell

Give a building new life!

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Retire/Repurpose

DeconstructionSalvageReuse

Repurposing requires planning and creativity!

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Regenerative –Living Building Challenge

This is beyond the scope of LEED

International Living Building Institutehttp://ilbi.org

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Holistic Thinking

Life cycle analysis looks at the whole building ownership cost of green building.

The analysis examines what advantages are discovered when initial investments are made in

more durable products and efficient building systems.

What is the difference between life-cycle assessment and life-cycle costing?

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Life-cycle Assessment:Analysis of environmental impacts associated with all the stages of processes involved with building, from cradle to grave

Life-cycle Costing :Analysis of economic performance over the life of the project or system

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Life cycle assessment considers:

• Inputs (Water, Energy, Materials)

• Outputs(Waste, by-products)

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Materials:

• Extraction • Processing • Recycled Feedstocks• Transportation • Packaging• Recycling and Disposal

Life Cycle

Life cycle cost analysis

•First costs•Operational costs•Payback/ROI•Decision making tool

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Life Cycle Cost

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Electric Heat: Construction Cost $10,000

Annual Operating Cost: $2000

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Heat Pump: Construction Cost $20,000

Annual Operating Cost: $500

Life Cycle Cost - Example

Costs

• Common perception that “green” cost$!

• Studies indicate little to no added cost (ref: Davis Langdon, 2007; p. 15 Study Guide)

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Costs & Benefits

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Benefits

• Durability• Ease of operation• Healthier occupants• Energy savings and operational cost savings• Reduced resource use• Positive PR & doing the “right” thing

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Costs & Benefits

Costs & Benefits

Early integration of “green” = healthy balance between

decisions and costs

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Two ways of helping to keep green building costs under control are to look for opportunities for credit synergies and to weigh the impact of credit trade-offs.

Credit Synergies and Trade-Offs

Credit synergies are groups of credits that work together in such a way that achieving one of them makes earning the other one easier.


Example:

SS Rainwater Management: strategy/practice = harvest rainwater

synergistic w/

WE Outdoor Water Use

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Credit trade-offs are groups of credits that require a balance between one and the other. They do not work directly “against” one another, however, they work in such a way that achieving one of them makes earning the other one more difficult/complex.

Ex:

IEQc5Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control:

strategy/practice = MERV filters 13+

trade-off w/

EAp2 & EAc1Min Energy Performance

Optimize Energy Performance


Why Green Building?

POP QUIZ:1. List 10 benefits of

green building.

2. What are the stages in the lifecycle of a building?

3. What are some ways to think about a building holistically?

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Photo: credit– Jim Smith Photography

LUNCH30 minutes

Group Discussion/Activity

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Tyson Living Learning CenterFirst Living Building

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Group Discussion Activity

Alberici HQ LEED

Platinum

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Section 6: Integrative Design

• Conventional vs. Integrated Approach

• Team Members & Roles

• Project Phases

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Integrative Design

Consider how the Location of the projectmay affect buildingusers.

• Can they walkto the project, or take the bus?

• Will they be forced to drive always?

Project Delivery

Conventional approach

• Linear progression of program

• "Silos”

• Results:• Higher first costs• Higher operating costs• No cross-pollination of knowledge and expertise

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Project Delivery

Integrated Approach

• Team collaboration from the start• Knowledge sharing and Coordination• Results:

o Lower first costso Lower operating costso Holistic design

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AIA IPD Guide, 2007Traditional Design Process

Integrated Design Process

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AIA IPD Guide, 2007Traditional Design Process

Integrated Design Process

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Time

OwnerDesigner

Design ConsultantsContractors

Subcontractors

Time

OwnerDesigner

Dgn ConsultContractors

Subcontractors

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Des

ign

effo

rt /

effe

ct

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Project Delivery

Integrated Approach

•70% of environmental impact decisions are made during the first 10% of the design process

•Integrated approach builds upon early contributions of individual expertise

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Project Delivery

Team Members & Roleso Ownero Architecto Engineero Commissioning Agento Contractorso Facility Staffo User Groups

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Project Delivery

Project Phaseso Pre-design/Discoveryo Designo Biddingo Constructiono Occupancyo Operations & Maintenance

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Project Phases

Pre-design/Discovery• Gathering information, recognizing stakeholder

needs, establishing project goals, and selecting the site

Project Delivery

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Project Delivery

Project Phases

Design• Schematic Design (SD) – explores design options

and alternatives, with the intent to establish project layout and scope of work

• Design Development (DD) – process of spatial refinement and first* design of energy system

• Construction Documents (CD) – design in detail all spaces, systems, and materials & specifications

*needs to be more developed than 1st design!139

Project Delivery

Project Phases

Bidding• Costs are established/fixed and contracts for

construction services are signed

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Project Delivery

Project Phases

Construction (Construction Administration)

• Actual construction of the project• Substantial Completion is a contractual benchmark

corresponding with a nearly completed space that could be occupied

• Final Completion is the point at which all work is complete

• Certificate of Occupancy is the official recognition by the local building department that the building conforms to building and safety codes

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Project Delivery

Project Phases

Occupancy & Operations and Maintenance

•Once Certificate of Occupancy is received•Periodic maintenance must occur•Re-commissioning and occupant surveying should occur at regular intervals

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Section 7: LEED• LEED Rating Systems• Credit Structure &

Categories• Minimum Program

Requirements & Credit Interpretation Rulings

• Credit Weightings• Registration/

Certification Process

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED Rating Systems

6 (+ 3) Major Credit Categories:(across most Rating Systems*)

• Integrative Process (IP)• Location and Transportation (LT)• Sustainable Sites (SS)• Water Efficiency (WE)• Energy & Atmosphere (EA)• Materials & Resources (MR)• Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)• Innovation & Design (ID)• Regional Priority

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LEED Rating SystemsThe Following Slides contain a list of Rating Systems and a brief description on when to use each one.

Two additional sources for this information listed in Candidate Handbook:

• “Rating System Selection Guidance.” U.S. Green Building Council, 2014.

Web: http://www.usgbc.org/articles/rating-system-selection-guidance

• U.S. Green Building Council. LEED v4 User Guide. U.S. Green Building Council, 2013.

Web: http://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-v4-user-guide

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Rating Systems

When to use each rating system?

Timing

• Ownership

• USGBC Definitions

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED for Building Design and Construction

• Buildings that are new construction or major renovation.

• In addition, at least 60% of the project’s gross floor area must be complete by the time of certification (except for LEED BD+C: Core and Shell).

A No-Sour-Taste Guide to BD+CRating System Flavors

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : New Construction and Major Renovations

• New construction or major renovation of buildings that do not primarily serve K-12 educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, hospitality, or healthcare uses.

• New construction also includes high-rise residential buildings 9 stories or more.

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Core and Shell Development

• Buildings that are new construction or major renovation for the exterior shell and core mechanical, electrical, and plumbing units, but not a complete interior fit-out.

• LEED BD+C: Core and Shell is the appropriate rating system to use if more than 40% of the gross floor area is incomplete at the time of certification.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Schools

• Buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K-12 school grounds.

• LEED BD+C: Schools may optionally be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses.

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Retail

• Buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods.

• Includes both direct customer service areas (showroom) and preparation or storage areas that support customer service.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Data Centers

• Buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing.

• LEED BD+C: Data Centers only addresses whole building data centers (greater than 60%).

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Warehouses and Distribution Centers

• Buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings, such as self-storage.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Hospitality

• Buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Healthcare

• Buildings that serve individuals who seek medical treatment

• Optionally be used for buildings with other kinds of medically-related uses such as outpatient facilities.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED BD+C : Multifamily Midrise

• Multi-family residential buildings of 4 to 8 occupiable stories above grade.

• The building must have 50% or more residential space.

• Buildings near 8 stories can inquire with USGBC about using Midrise or New Construction, if appropriate.

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POP QUIZ!

An old industrial building is being renovated. When complete, it will consist of 30% data center, 60% office and 10% warehouse.

What rating system to use?

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POP QUIZ!

• A new building has 8 stories. It consists of 7 stories which are residential, and one story which will be developed as a medical office.

• Which rating system would you pick for this example?

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POP QUIZ!

• A new building is being built. It will consist of a suite of medical offices (70%), and classrooms for a University Medical School program (30%).


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163

POP QUIZ!

• A new building is being built which consists of an elementary school plus some offices for the school administration.


A Quick De-MystificatorFor LEED Interior

Design and Construction

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED for Interior Design and Construction

• Interior spaces that are a complete interior fit-out.

• In addition, at least 60% of the project’s gross floor area must be complete by the time of certification.

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED ID+C: Commercial Interiors

• Interior spaces dedicated to functions other than retail or hospitality.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED ID+C: Retail

• Interior spaces used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods.


LEED Rating Systems

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LEED ID+C: Hospitality

• Interior spaces dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.

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169

POP QUIZ! • One tenant space in a shopping mall is being

renovated into a clothing store.


LEED EBOM Rating Systems De-Confusticator

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED for Building Operations and Maintenance

• Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction.

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Existing Buildings

• Existing buildings that do not primarily serve K-12 educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, or hospitality uses.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Retail

• Existing buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods.


LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Schools

• Existing buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K-12 school grounds.

• May also be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Warehouses & Distribution Centers

• Existing buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings (such as self-storage).

LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Hospitality

• Existing buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED O+M: Data Centers

• Existing buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing.

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POP QUIZ!

• A building is 75% occupied by a warehouse operation. 25% is to be rented to a future tenant but is not yet completed.


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LEED Neighborhood Development

Rating Systems De-Discombobulator

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED for Neighborhood Development

• New land development projects or redevelopment projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix.

• Projects may be at any stage of the development process, from conceptual planning through construction.

• It is recommended that at least 50% of total building floor area be new construction or major renovation.

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LEED Rating Systems

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LEED ND: Plan

• Projects in conceptual planning or master planning phases, or under construction.

LEED ND: Built Project

• Completed development projects.

Rating SystemsWhen to use each rating system?

40/60 Rule:

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LEED Online v4

•Automated data entry for major inputs (square footages, FTEs, etc.)

•Reduces human error / data entry error

•Credit Templates are provided

•Upload documents = no paper document management

•Online communication with GBCI

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Credit Structure

•Certified 40-49 points

•Silver 50-59 points

•Gold 60-79 points

•Platinum 80+ points

Note: LEED for Homes and LEED for Neighborhood Development have different credit structures than the other rating systems

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Credit Categories

Location and Transportation

• The location of a building is as important as how it is built. Through its location, a building can meet the needs of the local community, support active street life, and promote healthy lifestyles.

• LEED addresses project location and design through the following:

o Locationo Transportationo Neighborhood pattern and design

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Credit Categories

Sustainable Sites

• This credit category addresses environmental concerns related to building landscape, hardscape, and exterior building issues

• LEED Rating Systems address Sustainable Sites through many topics including:

o Site Design and Managemento Rainwater Managemento Heat Island Effect

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Credit Categories

Water Efficiency

• This credit category encourages the use of strategies and technologies that reduce the amount of potable water consumed in buildings.

• Water Efficiency credits promote:

o Monitoring Water Consumption Performanceo Reducing Indoor Potable Water Consumptiono Reducing Water Consumption to Save Energy and Improve

Environmental Well-Beingo Practicing Water-Efficient Landscapingo In Schools, Use Water-Efficient Processes

as a Teaching Tool

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Credit Categories

Energy and Atmosphere

• This credit category encourages reduction in the amount of energy required for building operations and the use of more benign forms of energy

• Energy and Atmosphere credits promote:

o Energy Performanceo Tracking Building Energy Performance –o Designing, Commissioning, Monitoringo Managing Refrigerants to Eliminate CFCso Using Renewable Energy

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Credit Categories

Materials and Resources

• This credit category focuses on the environmental impact of materials brought into the project building, and the minimization of landfill and incinerator disposal for materials that leave the project building.

• Materials and Resources credits promote:

o Selecting Sustainable Materialso Practicing Waste Reductiono Reducing Waste at Its Sourceo Reusing and Recycling

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Credit Categories

Indoor Environmental Quality

• This credit category addresses environmental concerns relating to indoor environmental quality; occupants’ health, safety, and comfort; energy consumption; air change effectiveness; and air contaminant management.

• Indoor Environmental Quality credits promote:

o Managing Air Contaminantso Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)o Carbon Dioxideo Particulate Mattero Specifying Less Harmful Materialso Allowing Occupants to Control Desired Settingso Providing Daylighting and Views

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Credit Categories

Innovation in Design

• This credit category provides bonus points for projects that use new and innovative technologiesand strategies to improve a building’s performance well beyond what is required by other LEED credits or in green building considerations that are not specifically addressed elsewhere in LEED.

• This credit category also rewards projects for including a LEED Accredited Professional on the team to ensure a holistic, integrated approach to the design and construction phase.

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Credit Categories

Regional Priority

• USGBC’s regional councils, chapters and affiliates have identified the environmental concerns that are locally most important for every region of the country , and six LEED credits that address those local priorities were selected for each region.

• A project that earns a regional priority credit will earn one bonus point in addition to any points awarded for that credit. Up to four extra points can be earned in this way.

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BREAK15 minutes

Credit CategoriesWhat is a Prerequisite?

• MANDATORY!

• LEED prerequisites are required to be complied with before LEED core credits may be earned

What is a Credit?

• A component of the LEED Green Building Rating System whose achievement results in the earning of points toward certification

Both Prerequisites and Credits have:

• “Intent”, which identifies the sustainability goal or benefit

• At least one requirement

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LEED Minimum Program Requirements (MPRs)Minimum Program Requirements are preliminary prerequisites.

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Min. Program Requirements (MPRs)Must be a in a permanent location

on Existing Land

• If a building is designed to move at any time in its lifetime it is not eligible for LEED Certification

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Min. Program Requirements (MPRs)

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Must use a reasonable site boundary, Darth

Reasonable Site Boundary

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That’s better.

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Min. Program Requirements (MPRs)Must use a reasonable site boundary

All Rating Systems

• The project site boundary must include all contiguous land associated with the project

• Limits of Construction plus parking, stormwater, sidewalks, etc.

• Must not include land owned by another party• Must not exclude land and/or be drawn in

unreasonable shapes only to comply• Any parcel is attributable to a single building

• Ineligible buildings may be included or disincludedoptionally (i.e. Parking garages)

• Facilities outside the LEED boundary that support the building are allowed (Solar arrays, parking lots)

• Gross Floor Area at least 2% of LEED project boundary199

Must comply with minimum physical size

Min. Program Requirements (MPRs)

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• BD&C, O&M– must have at least 1000 s.f. of gross floor area

• ID&C – must have at least 250 s.f. of gross floor area

• LEED-ND – Must contain at least two habitable buildings and be no larger than 1500 acres

• LEED for Homes – Must meet local codes for a “Dwelling Unit”.

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Credit Interpretation Rulings

• No CIRs are free! $220/CIR

• CIRs are no longer precedent setting

• Beneficial rulings can be elevated to LEED interpretations

• Teams will not be held responsible for interpretations issued after the project’s registration date

• Teams may submit a Credit Interpretation Request through LEED Online

http://www.gbci.org/CIRs.aspx201

Credit Appeals

•Appeals are allowed for design phase and construction phase credits, if a split review is being done.

•Otherwise, the appeal comes after the final review.

•Appeals are $500 per credit – no discounts.

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Impact Category/Point Allocation

• Certain credits are weighted more heavily than others

• Example:• Optimizing efficiency vs.

Thermal Comfort

• Guiding principles for the weightings are the impact categories

• Environmental and human health concerns

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Atmosphere Terms

ODP – Ozone Depletion Potential

The potential for a single molecule of the refrigerant to destroy the Ozone Layer. All refrigerants use R11 as a datum reference where R11 has an ODP = 1.0. The less the value of the ODP - the better the refrigerant is for the ozone layer and the environment.

GWP – Global Warming Potential

A measurement (usually measured over a 100-year period) of how much effect a refrigerant will have on Global Warming in relation to Carbon Dioxide. CO2 has a GWP = 1. The lower the value of GWP - the better the refrigerant is for the environment.

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Ozone Depletion

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Ozone DepletionRefrigerant Types (used in HVAC)

• CFC Banned by the Montreal Protocol as of 2010 • HCFC Banned by the Montreal Protocol as of 2030 • HFC • Natural CO2, H20, NH3, HC, Air

Refrigerant ODP GWP CFCs High High HCFCs Low High HFCs Zero LowNaturals Zero Zero or Low

Change in Ozone Hole – 1979 to 2008

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Carbon Footprint

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www.berkeleyearth.org

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Registration/Certification Process

•Project registration•Prepare application•Submit application•Application review•Appeal review•Certification

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Project Registration

• Serves as a declaration of intent to certify a building or neighborhood development under the LEED Green Building Rating Systems.

• Registered and certified projects are listed in the online LEED project database.

• From here the project team is assembled and the documentation process begins.

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Register project

• Submit registration form and fee to USGBC

• Fees: Registration is a flat fee paid up front at the time of registration. Registration rates are based on the date of registration. o The rates are:

• USGBC Members: $900• Non-Members: $1200

• LEED for Neighborhood Development Projectso The registration fee for LEED ND projects is $1500 (for

USGBC members and non-members)

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Register project

• After registration, the team receives information, tools and communication to guide the certification process, including access to LEED Online

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Start of Project:

• Assess value• Evaluate/document condition

treatment recommendations• Set goals• Determine preliminary

LEED score• Register project

• Identify partners• Apply for incentives• Determine green building

practices• Begin documentation

process

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Decision Point!Submit for review in 1 or 2 stages?

Design submission:

design related credits

Construction submission:

construction related credits

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Design Phase:

• Assemble design phase documentationSubmit documentation

• GBCI design phase review“Anticipated” or “Denied”

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Construction Phase:

• Assemble construction phase documentation

• Submit documentation

• GBCI construction phase review“Achieved” or “Denied”

I did it!

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Certification Process

Once a project team submits the design and construction phase documents to LEED Online, the following 3rd party certification process takes place:

• Preliminary Review• Final Review• Appeal Review

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Certification Process - Fees

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Specific documents to be included:

• Project narrative• Project photos or renderings• Elevations• Typical floor plans• Project details – ex: building gross square

footage, # of occupants, etc.• LEED v4 templates available online:

http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=1447

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Specific documents to be included (cont.):

• Distinguish between LEED project boundary, project boundary and property boundary

LEED Project boundary: portion of the project site submitted for LEED project review (influences calculations)

Project boundary: platted property line

Property boundary: total area within legal property boundaries

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LEED Online – Navigate

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Homework!

Homework Assignment:Study the TLA handout for definitions for test.

Ex:•What does VOC stand for?•What is the difference b/t

CFC & HCFC?•When does MERV matter? Ask yourself these and

more questions – come prepared to discuss this with the class and to answer pop-quiz questions!

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Don’t forget to do your homework!

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