library statistical spotlight - european parliament · 2014. 8. 22. · library statistical...

Further information on page 5

Library statistical spotlightLibrary of the European Parliament

28/03/2013

Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130460REV1 Page 1 of 6

Young Farmers in the European Union

Turkey

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Agricultural land as % of total surface - 200951

45

13

3138

44

Turkey EuropeanUnion

UnitedStates

World Brazil RussianFederation

1. Contribution of agriculture to the global economy Data source:WorldBank, Eurostat, Eurostat

Agricultural land as % of total area Contribution of agriculture to total gross value added

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4

6

8

10

12

14

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

%

Brazil

Turkey

USA

World

Russia

EU-27

Brazil

Turkey

Russia

World

EU27

USA

Contribution of agriculture to gross value addedand evolution in period 1995-2009

2011

51%45% 44%

38%

31%

13%

MT LU UK BE DE SE DK NL FR CZ SK IT C Y ES F I EE IE HU AT BG LT S I LV PT GR PL R O

14%

12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0%

2011

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

MT LU UK BE DE SE DK NL FR CZ SK IT CY ES FI EE IE HU AT BG LT SI LV PT EL PO RO

% national employment

%national Gross Value Added

30%

20%

10%

0%

% of national employment - 2011

% of national gross value added - 2011

EU27 USA World Brazil Russia

This document explores some of the major trends of the agricultural sec-tor and its role in the economy of the European Union in comparison with other major actors in the world. In particular, it focuses on the position of young farmers in the EU.It looks at some of the indicators established in the Common Moni-toring and Evaluation Framework, which provides a single framework covering all rural development in-terventions by the EU during the period 2007-2013. It also covers the economic development of the agri-cultural sector, and the educational attainment and age structure of the agricultural labour force. It pays particular attention to the decline in young farmers, despite existing measures of support.

For a thorough analysis of the effects of the CAP in support of young farm-ers, readers may refer to the Euro-pean Parliament Policy Department study, EU measures to encourage and support new entrants.

http://data.worldbank.orghttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nama_nace10_c&lang=enhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=lfsa_egan2&lang=enhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/eval/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/eval/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/eval/guidance/note_e_en.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/fr/studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=79850http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/fr/studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=79850


Library statistical spotlight Young Farmers in the European Union


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2. Average farm size by region

EU27EU27

Data source: Eurostat3.Agricultural area and standard output

Standard output coefficients allow comparability among farms despite the diversity of production activities.The EU-27 area devoted to agricultural use in 2011 was 171 million ha. Stand-ard economic output amounted roughly to €306 billion.

Data source: Eurostat

Big ( between 35 and 55 ha)Medium (between 20 and 35 ha) Small (between 7 and 20 ha)

Very big ( >55 hectares)

Very small (< 7 ha)

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FRITDEESUKPLNLRODKBEGRATHUPTIECZSEFIBGSKLTSILVEECYLUMT

Million ha

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€ Billion

Area

Economic OutputStandard output

Area

http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_r_nuts&lang=enhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_r_nuts&lang=en




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5. Young farmers as share of total farmers (2010) Data source: Eurostat

CAP expenditure and Rural Development Committed payments for 2010

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

FR

ES

DE

IT

PL

UK

GR

RO

IE

HU

PT

AT

CZ

DK

NL

SE

FI

BE

BG

SK

LT

LV

SI

EE

CY

LU

MT

€ billion

Rural development

CAP Total

In 2010 the EU27 share of young farmers was 7.5% of all farm holders.Figures in the map show for each country the number of young farmers who benefited from CAP support measures (2010).

4. CAP expenditure - 2011 Data source: European Commission Data source:Eurostat,Eurostat

Data source:Eurostat

Farmers with full agricultural training

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Belgium

Bulgaria

Czech Republic

Denmark

Germany

Estonia

Ireland

Greece

Spain

France

Italy

Cyprus

Latvia

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Hungary

Malta

Netherlands

Austria

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovenia

Slovakia

Finland

Sweden

United Kingdom

holdings area Standard output

Total Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) expenditure in 2011 was in excess of €58 billion, including commitments for rural development amounting to €14 billion. The graph shows distribution among Member States.

4 660

From 5.5% to 6.9%

Less than 4%

From 4% to 5.4%

From 7% to 9.4%

More than 9.5%

5 810

890

11 010

1 820 140

13011 600

1 610

500

5 210

380

8702 250

26 650

1 430

12 430

1 720

1 030

90

3 850

410

6 590

11 790

70

110

http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/publi/ms_factsheets/2012/eu_en.pdfhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_mptrainman&lang=enhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_ogardsexage&lang=en



2005

%


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6. Young farmers’ share, performances and agricultural training in 2010 Data source: Eurostat, Eurostat

Evolution of young farmers share (in % of all farmers)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

PLCZATFRFI

EU27LURODESKHUGRBGE

EIELTLVESITBEMTSEDKS

IUKNLCYPT

200320052010

Males

In 2010 farm holders younger than 35 in the EU27 represented around 9% both in terms of farm area and economic output.

Agricultural Training

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

LU FR BE CZ IE AT SE UK PL EE LV NL DE FI SK LT IT PT DK HU SI ES MT BG GR CY RO

% of farmer with full agricultural training

% of young farmers with full agricultural training

Farmers with full agricultural training


Farmers and agricultural training

Evolution of young farmers share (in % of all farmers)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

PL CZ AT FR FIEU

27 LU RO DE SK HU GR BG EE IE LT LV ES IT BE MT SE DK SI

UK NL CY PT

2003 2010

Evolution of young farmers’ share (as % of all farmers)

Agricultural Training

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


% of farmers with full agricultural training

% of young farm holders with full agricultural training% of young farmers

% of all farmers

PL CZ AT FR FI EU27 LU RO DE SK HU GR BG EE IE LT LV ES IT BE MT SE DK SI UK NL CY PT

0 10 20 30

PL

CZ

AT

FR

FI

EU-27

LU

RO

DE

SK

HU

GR

BG

EE

IE

LT

LV

ES

IT

BE

MT

SE

DK

SI

UK

NL

CY

PT

% of total farmers

% of economic output

% of total area

%

% of all farmers

% of all output

% of total area

On average the share of formally trained farmers in the EU-27 is 13% and it reaches 21% among young farmers.

http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_mptrainman&lang=enhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_mptrainman&lang=enhttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ef_ov_kvage&lang=en



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Further information

Agriculture here is defined as ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunt-ing, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. Agricultural land refers to the proportion of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, or under permanent pasture. Non EU figures have been collected from World Bank and OECD national accounts data files.Data for Members States is from Eurostat national accounts and the La-bour Force Survey, corresponding to agriculture, forestry and fishing in the classification of economic activities (NACE Rev.2).

Average farm size corresponds to utilised agricultural area divided by the number of holdings for each NUTS2 region. Figures have been sourced from Eurostat’s 2007 intermediate survey on the structure of agricultural holdings, and consist of utilised land belonging to agricultural holdings (Utilised agricultural area is defined as arable land, kitchen gardens, per-manent grassland and permanent crops).Farm size is a fundamental criterion determining the economic viability of the agricultural holding, and is one of the elements in the farm structure indicator.

2. Average farm size by region

1. Contribution of agriculture to the global economy

Standard output is the average monetary value of agricultural output at farm-gate prices, in euros per hectare or per head of livestock and by re-gion. It results from multiplying the number of hectares or head of live-stock by the standard output coefficient. The sum of all the outputs, for all activities of a given farm, is referred to as the economic size of that farm. It does not provide a measurement of the farm’s actual output or profit-ability as production costs are not taken into consideration. The Economic Accounts for Agriculture provide detailed information on the agricultural

4. Common Agricultural Policy expenditure

The graph presents total CAP expenditure in 2011, including on direct payments and market measures, as well as commitments for rural devel-opment, based on information from the 2012 Agricultural Policy Perspec-tives by the European Commission.

3. Agricultural area and standard output

The map presents the share of farm holders below 35 years of age among all holders (measured in agricultural working units or equivalent full time employment). The holder of the farm is the natural person, group of natu-ral persons or the legal person on whose account the holding is operated and who is legally and economically responsible for the holding. 113 000 young farmers benefited from support measures in 2010. The ta-ble shows the proportion of young farmers amongst all farmers support-ed, by Member State (2010):

5. Young farmers as share of total farmers (2010)

sector’s economic indicators. Starting from the 2010 Agricultural Census common land used for grazing is also included in the measurement of uti-lised agricultural area. Further information on the topic is available in the European Commission’s Rural Development Report 2012.

Belgium n.a. Luxembourg 92.9%Bulgaria 1.6% Hungary 2.6%Czech Rep. 58.6% Malta 19.6%Denmark 82.6% Netherlands 6.6%Germany 54.7% Austria 86.5%Estonia 36.2% Poland 11.9%Ireland 66.9% Portugal 13.0%Greece 13.0% Romania 1.4%Spain 10.7% Slovenia 58.5%France 31.4% Slovakia 6.0%Italy 14.9% Finland 97.0%Cyprus 6.9% Sweden 17.2%Latvia 18.8% UK 36.0%Lithuania 19.6% EU-27 13.0%

http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/seriesm/seriesm_4rev3_1e.pdfhttp://tinyurl.com/cow2uulhttp://tinyurl.com/bsy6pezhttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_SDDS/en/aact_esms.htmhttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_SDDS/en/aact_esms.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/statistics/agricultural/2012/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/statistics/agricultural/2012/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/statistics/rural-development/2012/full-text_en.pdf


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Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] Page 6 of 6

Extraction date: data have been extracted in March 2013. This document provides a general statistical overview: Members requiring more detailed statistical information or a more in-depth analysis are welcome to contact the Library.Disclaimer and Copyright: This document is a summary of published information and does not necessarily represent the views of the author or the European Parliament. The document is exclusively addressed to the Members and staff of the European Parliament for their parliamentary work. Links to information sources within this document may be inaccessible from locations outside the European Parliament network. Copyright © European Parliament, 2013. All rights reserved. http://www.library.ep.ec; http://libraryeuroparl.wordpress.com

Country code: Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Bulgaria (BG), Cyprus (CY), Czech Republic (CZ), Denmark (DK), Estonia (EE), Finland (FI), France (FR), Germany (DE), Greece (GR), Hungary (HU), Ireland (IE), Italy (IT), Latvia (LV), Lithuania (LT), Luxembourg (LU), Malta (MT), Neth-erlands (NL), Poland (PL), Portugal (PT), Romania (RO), Slovakia (SK), Slovenia (SI), Spain (ES), Sweden (SE), United Kingdom (UK), European Union (EU27).

Notes6. Young farmers’ share, performances and agricultural training in 2010

The first graph displays the evolution of the number of young farmers for the years 2003 and 2010. It shows absolute increases over the period in Slovenia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Italy. For Cyprus, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium and Germany the absolute decrease in their share was more than 40%. Data for Poland in 2003 are not available, 2005 data are used instead. The second graph presents the proportion of all farmers and of young farmers having accomplished full agricultural training of more than two years following completion of compulsory education. The third graph shows the percentage of young farmers in terms of the proportion of used agricultural land, and standard output for each Mem-ber State.
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library statistical spotlight - european parliament · 2014. 8. 22. · library statistical...

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