library statistical spotlight - european parliament
TRANSCRIPT
Further information on page 5
Library statistical spotlightLibrary of the European Parliament 29/10/2013
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130668REV1 Page 1 of 6
Plastic waste0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Others
Electrical & electronic
Automotive
Building&Construction
Packaging
47 million tonnes
18.5
2.5
3.9
9.6
12.4
24.5 million tonnes
5.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
Disposal
Energy recovery
Recycling
15.2
100
Other recyclablesPlastics
UKSE
FI
SK
SI
RO
PT
PL
AT
NL
MTHU
LU LT LVCY
IT
HR
FR
ES
GR
IE
EE
DE
DKCZ
BGBE
60
20
1.Plastic demand and plastic waste production and treatment Data source: PlasticsEurope, Eurostat
In 2010, plastics accounted for 7 out of every 100 tonnes of recycled materials - e.g. metallic waste, wood, paper and textiles - in the EU.
Plastics production
Treatment of plastic waste
Proportion of plastic and other recyclable waste re-
cycled, by Member State
Plastic waste
24%
42%
34%
Others
Electrical & electronic
Automotive
Building&Construction
Packaging
47 million tonnes
18.5
2.5
3.9
9.6
12.4
24.5 million tonnes
5.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
Disposal
Energy recovery
Recycling
15.2
100
Other recyclablesPlastics
UKSE
FI
SK
SI
RO
PT
PL
AT
NL
MTHU
LU LT LVCY
IT
HR
FR
ES
GR
IE
EE
DE
DKCZ
BGBE
60
20
Others
Electrical & electronic
Automotive
Building&Construction
Packaging
47 million tonnes
18.5
2.5
3.9
9.6
12.4
24.5 million tonnes
5.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
Disposal
Energy recovery
Recycling
15.2
100
Other recyclablesPlastics
UKSE
FI
SK
SI
RO
PT
PL
AT
NL
MTHU
LU LT LVCY
IT
HR
FR
ES
GR
IE
EE
DE
DKCZ
BGBE
60
20
Research shows that plastic produc-tion increases with GDP: production during the past decade equalled that of the entire 20th century. The same characteristics that make plastic ubiquitous – durability, light weight and low cost – make its disposal problematic. In this context, ongo-ing discussions on better handling the problem of plastic waste are part of the in-depth review of existing EU waste policy and legislation. The European Commission report on the thematic strategy on the preven-tion and recycling of waste signals a move towards material-specific tar-gets to meet the Europe 2020 ob-jective of promoting a resource-effi-cient economy. However, an urgent revision, as much as better enforce-ment of the existing waste and pack-aging directives seems necessary, to address specific issues concerning plastic waste. Plastic waste could be-come a valuable resource if separate collection circuits were designed to ensure that single-use plastic pack-aging could be phased out through an effective roadmap towards the circular economy.
Further information on page 5
Library statistical spotlight Plastic waste
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130668REV1 Page 2 of 6
0
1
2
3
4
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Total wastePlastic waste
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
Manufacturing
Gas, electricity & water supply, sewage & wasteServicesHouseholdsAgriculture, forestry & fishing
Mining & construction
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
HRBGFIEEROSELUPLGRBENLFREU28IEDEMTUKDKATCZSIPTESHUSKCYITLTLV
020406080100120
Households& 1ary
Services
Manufacturing
Other
UKSE
FISK
SIROPTPLATNLMTHU
LULTLVCY
ITHRFRESGR
IEEEDEDKCZBGBE
10020 40 60 800 080 60 40 20100
Households, agriculture, forestry and fishingManufacturing ServicesOther
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Households& 1ary
Services
Manufacturing
Other
UKSEFI
SKSI
ROPTPLNLAT
MTHULULTLVCYIT
HRFRESGR
IEEEDEDKCZBGBE
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
Plastic wasteTotal waste
61%
Primary sector
Households
Services
Gas,electricity & water supply, sewage & waste
Mining & Construction
Manufacturing
Plastic wasteTotal waste
61%
Total waste (outer circle) and plastic waste (inner circle) in the EU, propor-
tionate to economic activity
BGBE
CZDKDEEEIE
GRESFRHRITCYLVLTLUHUMTNLATPLPTROSISKFISEUK%
31%
6%21%
23%
14%
3%
11%
61%
10%
7%
9%
2%
2. Origin of waste by economic activity 2010
‘Other’ includes two activities which generate particularly high levels of plastic waste: sewage and waste management remediation activities (21% of the EU total) and con-
struction (6%).
Data source: Eurostat
Further information on page 5
Library statistical spotlight Plastic waste
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130668REV1 Page 3 of 6
0
1
2
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6
Total waste Plastic waste
4. EU exports and imports of plastic waste (in thousand tonnes) Data source: Eurostat
Intra-EU trade in plastic waste is increasing, and in 2012 amounted to more than half the volume of exports to Asia.
3. Waste and plastic waste (including packaging) treatment in 2010 Data source: Eurostat
bg ro mt gr hr se lt ee lv ie fi hu pt sk lu at nl cy es fr uk si it cz de pl be dk
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Energy recovery
Recycling
BG RO MT GR HR SE LT EE LV IE FI HU PT SK LU AT NL CY ES FR UK SI IT CZ DE PL BE DK0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Energy Recovery
Recycling
CYMTGRPTEEUKPLLTHUFISKIEBGLVESROSEFRCZSIITHRBEDEDKLUNLAT
energy recoveryrecycling
Exports to Asia
Exports outside the EU excluding Asia
Imports from outside the EU
2005 2007 2009 2012
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Energy recovery
Recycling
BGROMTGRHRSELTEELVIEFIHUPTSKLUATNLCYESFRUKSIITCZDEPLBEDK
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Energy recovery
Recycling
BGROMTGRHRSELTEELVIEFIHUPTSKLUATNLCYESFRUKSIITCZDEPLBEDK
at nl lu dk de be hr it si cz fr se ro es lv bg ie sk fi hu lt pl uk ee pt gr mt cy
-3500
-2500
-1500
-500
500outside EU
Outside EU
Asia
20122011201020092008200720062005
0
-500
-1 500
500
-2 500
-3 500
Further information on page 5 and 6
Library statistical spotlight Plastic waste
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130668REV1 Page 4 of 6
Country code: Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Bulgaria (BG), Cyprus (CY), Czech Republic (CZ), Denmark (DK), Estonia (EE), Finland (FI), France (FR), Germany (DE), Greece (GR), Croatia (HR), Hungary (HU), Ireland (IE), Italy (IT), Latvia (LV), Lithuania (LT), Luxembourg (LU), Mal-ta (MT), Netherlands (NL), Poland (PL), Portugal (PT), Romania (RO), Slovakia (SK), Slovenia (SI), Spain (ES), Sweden (SE), United Kingdom (UK), European Union (EU28).
Notes
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5
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Data source: 5. Recycling of plastic packaging in 2011 Data source: Eurostat
Recycling rate and total amount of plastic packaging per inhabitant Recycled plastic packaging (kg per capita) and 2020 target
0
5
10
15
20
25
2020 TargetRecycling
UKSEFISKSIROPTPLATNLMTHULULTLVCYITFRESELIEEEDEDKCZBGBE
25
0
5
10
15
20
More than 50%
Between 50% and 35%
Between 35% and 25%
Less than 25% recycled
kg per capita
IE
35
40
34
20
39
22
22
34
20
13
13
21
20
34
27
1818
22
31
20
29
34
31
46
27
29
30
18
More than 50%
Between 50% and 35%
Between 35% and 25%
Less than 25% recycled
kg per capita
IE
35
40
34
20
39
22
22
34
20
13
13
21
20
34
27
1818
22
31
20
29
34
31
46
27
29
30
18
More than 50%
Between 50% and 35%
Between 35% and 25%
Less than 25% recycled
kg per capita
IE
35
40
34
20
39
22
22
34
20
13
13
21
20
34
27
1818
22
31
20
29
34
31
46
27
29
30
18
More than 50%
Between 50% and 35%
Between 35% and 25%
Less than 25% recycled
kg per capita
More than 50%
Between 50% and 35%
Between 35% and 25%
Less than 25% recycled
kg per capita
IE
35
40
34
20
39
22
22
34
20
13
13
21
20
34
27
1818
22
31
20
29
34
31
46
27
29
30
18
Library statistical spotlight Plastic waste
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] 130668REV1 Page 5 of 6
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Further information
According to the EU legislation, statistics on waste should cover all eco-nomic activities. The waste regulation doesn’t prescribe a specific data col-lection method and as a result, the way waste is allocated to generating sectors depends on the data collection method applied by the country.On this page, total waste is compared with the plastic waste generated by the different economic activities across MS as well as for the EU as a whole. Several economic sectors, as established in the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities are grouped under four main headings in the Member
The figures in this page present the amount of plastic and plastic waste that was produced in the EU based on demand from the plastic convert-ers, i.e. industries which either incorporate plastics as components in their products or as part of their production process. They are thus both con-sumers of plastics and producers of post-consumer plastic waste, as well as intermediate producers of plastic components which will only become waste at a later stage in the life-cycle of the final product. The chart on plastics production quotes the industry figures for the amount of plastic generated in the EU27, Norway and Switzerland to satisfy the demand by the different industries in 2011. The second chart presents the amount of post-consumer plastic waste, i.e. waste generated by consumers after transformation by the industry converters. The third one displays the pro-portion of different treatments for waste dealt with at waste management centres.The chart on the right-hand side looks at the recycling rate of plastics in the EU Member States (MS) as compared to the recycling rate of other re-cyclable materials (metals, glass, paper and cardboard) in 2010, using fig-ures collected by Eurostat pursuant to the Framework Waste Directive.
2. Origin of waste by economic activity 2010
1.Plastic demand and plastic waste production and treatment 2011
Recycling means “any recovery operation by which waste materials are reprocessed into products, materials or substances whether for the origi-nal or other purposes”. Energy recovery is a waste management operation “where the principal use of the waste is as a fuel or other means to gener-ate energy”. Waste that is not recycled or recovered in one or another form is disposed of be it by landfilling, incineration or injection into land.On this page total waste is again compared with plastic waste across Mem-ber States, with regard to treatment by waste management operators. In this chart, figures for plastic waste summarise data for plastic waste, as compiled by Eurostat within its general waste data collection, with figures on plastic packaging collected separately, under the Packaging and Pack-aging Waste Directive. Statistics on waste treatment cover all waste that is recovered or disposed of within a country. Coverage errors have been observed related to unclear definitions of waste and non-waste, imported and exported waste and for some specific economic activities (such as construction and demolition).Furthermore, plastic waste is not yet specifically addressed by EU legisla-tion despite its growing environmental impact: the Packaging Directive 94/62/EC has a specific recycling target for plastic packaging, 22.5% by 2008, whilst the revised Waste Framework Directive sets the target at a minimum of 50% of overall plastic waste by 2020. In view of the lack of
3. Waste and plastic by treatment in 2010
States chart. In the figure charting EU distribution, the category ‘Other’ is split into two groups: first ‘Electricity, gas, (including steam and air con-ditioning supply) and water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities’, and a second, ‘Mining and construction activities’. Furthermore ‘Households’ data are shown separately from those of the ‘Ag-riculture, forestry and fishing sector’.
Library statistical spotlight Plastic waste
Author: Eulalia Claros Contact: [email protected] Page 6 of 6
Extraction date: data have been extracted in October 2013. This document provides a general statistical overview: Members requiring more detailed statistical information or a more in-depth analysis are welcome to contact the Library.Disclaimer and Copyright: This document is a summary of published information and does not necessarily represent the views of the author or the European Parliament. The document is exclusively addressed to the Members and staff of the European Parliament for their parliamentary work. Links to information sources within this document may be inaccessible from locations outside the European Parliament network. Copyright © European Parliament, 2013. All rights reserved. http://www.library.ep.ec; http://libraryeuroparl.wordpress.com
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The map shows the amount of plastic packaging generated per inhabit-ant across the EU, along with the share of plastic packaging recycling per-formed by Member State, according to the four categories defined. On the right-hand side the chart displays the recycling rates for plastic packaging waste generated and the 2020 targets of the Packaging Direc-tive, which require re-use and recycling of plastic, along with other pack-aging materials, to be increased to a minimum of 50% by weight overall.
5. Recycling of plastic packaging in 2011
4. EU exports and imports of plastic waste (in million tonnes)
The export and import figures of plastic waste are presented at the bot-tom of the page. Exports outside the EU, basically to Asia, account for more than half of total intra and extra-EU exports. Imports on the other hand are mainly among EU Member States and continue to show an in-creasing trend.
legislation, a Green Paper on a European Strategy on Plastic Waste in the En-vironment has been submitted for public consultation by the Commission, and a motion for a European Parliament resolution is being drafted by the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety.