light - hcc learning web
TRANSCRIPT
Light
1. Natural Vs. Artificial Light
2. Viewing the whole building as a
work of art
1. Light and architecture working
together
Light
Interaction1. Green Light
1. Fatigues the eyes and
appears white
2. Blue + Pink = purple bands
3. Green + Pink = yellow
Flavin: Constructed Light
1. 'The Light Inside', site-specific installation of neon lights, gypsum board,
plaster, and glass by James Turrell, 1999, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
Title: Notre-Dame-du-Haut at Ronchamp (interior)
Artist: Le Corbusier
Date: 1950-1955
Source/Museum: Ronchamp, France, Photo Researchers, Inc. © 2003
Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris/FLC/Photo Resources,
Inc.
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Light:
defines spatial relations
Title: Madonna of the Rocks
Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Date: c. 1483-1486, Louvre Version
1. Atmospheric/arial
perspective
1. Objects in haze
as they recede
into the
background
2. Sfumato:
Title: Madonna of the Rocks
Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Date: c. 1495-1508, London Version
Atmospheric Perspective
Title: Rain, Steam, and Speed-The Great Western Railway
Artist: J. M. Turner
Date: 1844
Source/Museum: Clore Collection, Tate Gallery, London. Erich
Lessing/Art Resource, New York.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 33 ¾ x 48 in.
Atmospheric Perspective
Title: The Burning of the Houses of Parliament
Artist: J. M. Turner
Date: c. 1835
Title: Study for La Source
Artist: Pierre Paul Prud'hon
Date: c. 1801
Source/Museum: © Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute,
Williamstown, Massachusetts.
Medium: Black and white chalk
Size: 21 ¾ x 15 ¼ in.
1. Chiaroscuro: balance of light
and shade in the picture
1. Chiaro: light
2. Scuro: dark
2. Modeling: use of chiaroscuro to
represent falling across a curve
1. Reserve: blue tinted paper
Chiaroscuro and
Modeling
Modeling
1. Highlight
2. Light
3. Shadow
4. Core Shadow
5. Reflected Light
6. Cast Shadow
Title: Figure of a Woman,
Artist: Paul Colin
Date: c. 1930
Josephine Baker
Title: A Sphere represented by means of modeling
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Modeling
Hatching
Title: The Coiffure
Artist: Mary Cassatt
Date: c. 1891
Source/Museum: The National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Rosenwald Collection, 1954.12.6.
Medium: Graphite with traces of green and brown watercolor
Size: Approx. 5 ⅞ x 4 3/8 in.
Title: Head of a Satyr
Artist: Michelangelo
Date: c. 1620-1630
Source/Museum: Musée du Louvre, Paris. Giraudon/Art
Resource, New York.
Medium: Pen and ink over chalk
Size: 10 5/8 x 7 ⅞ in.
Cross Hatching
Title: Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes
Artist: Artemisia Gentileschi
Date: c. 1625
Source/Museum: Detroit Institute of Arts. Gift of Mr. Leslie H.
Green, 52.253. Photo © 1984 Detroit Institute of Arts.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 72 ½ x 55 ¾ in.
1. Tenebrism: tenebroso, murky
2. Jewish Heroin beheading
Babylonian general
3. Represents a woman of heroic
stature
4. In a painting of heroic scale, a
painting that dominates, or even
controls the viewer
Tenebrism
Title: Judith Beheading Holofernes
Artist: Caravaggio
Date: 1598-1599
Title: Judith Beheading Holofernes
Artist: Artemisia Gentileschi
Date: 1620
Title: The gray scale
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Value
Title: Pink Chrysanthemum
Artist: Pat Steir
Date: 1984
Source/Museum: Courtesy of the artist
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 3 panels: 60 x 60 in. each
Heu: original color
Tint: white added to orignal
Shade: when black is added
Tint
Title: Night Chrysanthemum
Artist: Pat Steir
Date: 1984
Source/Museum: Courtesy of the artist
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 3 panels: 60 x 60 in. each
Shade
Title: In the Loge (At the Francais, a Sketch)
Artist: Mary Cassatt
Date: 1879
Source/Museum: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. The Hayden
Collection, 10.35.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 32 x 26 in.
Divisions
1. Light and Dark
2. Male and Female
3. Spectator Vs. Voyerism
4.
Title: “Race”ing Sideways
Artist: Nikolai Buglaj
Date: 2001
Source/Museum: Courtesy of the artist.
Medium: Graphite and ink
Size: 3 in. x 40 in.
Color and Race
Title: Black Face and Arm Unit
Artist: Ben Jones
Date: 1971
Source/Museum: Courtesy of the artist.
Medium: Acrylic on plaster and paint
Size: Life-size plaster casts
Race and Culture
1. Scarification
1. Primitive
2. Cultural
2. Elevation of
the culture
Title: Head of a King, from Ife, Nigeria
Artist: n/a
Date: c. 13th century
Source/Museum: Museum of Ife Antiquities, Ife. © 1985 Dirk
Bakker, Detroit, Michigan.
Medium: Brass
Size: Height 11 11/16 in.
Title: Black Face and Arm Unit
Artist: Ben Jones
Date: 1971
Title: Nigerian Funerary shrine cloth
Artist: Okun Akpan Abuje
Date: Commissioned in the late 1970s
Source/Museum: National Museum of African Art/Smithsonian
Institution Museum Purchase 84-6-9. Photo: Frank Khoury.
Medium: Cotton, dye
Size: 135 ¾ x 60 ¼ in.
Western
Assumptions
1. Color Meanings
1. Black
1. West: Death and Mourning
2. African: life and ancestral spirits
2. Red
1. West: Blood
2. African: Deeds and heroics
Title: “Test for Color Deficiency”
Artist: Ishihara
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: Courtesy Kanehara & Co., Ltd. Offered exclusively in the
USA by Graham-Field, Inc., Bay Shore, New York
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Color
Color Blindness Test:
Ishihara plates
Normal Color
Vision
Red-Green Color
Blind
Left Right Left Right
Top 25 29 Top 25 Spots
Middle 45 56Mid
dle
Spo
ts56
Bottom 6 8Bott
om
Spo
tsSpots
Title: Transient Rainbow
Artist: Cai Guo-Qiang
Date: 2002
Source/Museum: Commissioned by Museum of Modern Art, New York.
Photo: Hiro Ihara, courtesy the artist.
Medium: 1000-3-inch multicolor peonies fitted with computer chips
Size: 300 x 600 feet, duration 15 seconds
1. Commemorating move
of MOMO to Queens
2. Nu-Wa: Chinese
Goddess
1. Imprisoned by
other gods with the
seven stones
representing the
colors of the
rainbow
3. Pi: Circle
1. Healing and the
universe
2. After 9/11
4. Temporary
1. Transient life and
the moment
Symbolic Meaning
Title: Drawing for Transient Rainbow
Artist: Cai Guo-Qiang
Date: 2003
Source/Museum: Museum of Modern Art, New York
Medium: Gunpowder on paper
Size: 198 x 157 in.
Title: Colors separated by a prism
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
spectrum
Isaac Newton 1660’s
Title: Conventional color wheel
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
1. Color Wheel
2. Primary colors
3. Secondary colors
4. Intermediate colors
Isaac Newton
Color wheel
Title: Color mixtures of reflected pigment—subtractive process
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
1. Black is the Absence
of all colors
2. When mixing lighter
colors you get
progressively darker
Subtractive
Process
Title: Color mixtures of refracted light—additive process
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Additive
Process
Title: The Creation of Adam (unrestored)
Artist: Michelangelo
Date: 1508-1512
Source/Museum: Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, The Vatican,
Rome. © Scala/Art Resource, New York.
Medium: Fresco
Size: n/a
1. Intensity or Satureation:
color’s brightness or
dullness
1. Add grey or the
opposite hue on the
color wheel to lower a
colors intensity
2. Medium can also lower
the intensity
1. Palette: range of colors
used
Hue and Saturation
Title: Fallen
Artist: Jane Hammond
Date: 2004-ongoing
Analogous Color and Temperature
1. Warm colors
2. Made of paper
3. Whitney Museum of
American Art
1. 1511 Names of
fallen soldiers in
Iraq in 2006
2. 3786 Names as
of 2007
4. Artist as Activist and
Reporter
1. Testament
2. Healing
Title: October in the Catskills
Artist: Sanford R. Gifford
Date: 1880
Source/Museum: Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Gift of Mr. & Mrs.
Charles C. Shoemaker, Mr. and Mrs. J. Photo © 2002 Museum
Associates/LACMA.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 36 5/16 x 29 3/16 in.
1. Temperature: warm or cold/cool
1. Physical sensations
2. Analogous, hues neighbor each other
1. Warm
1. Cool
Warm and Cool
Colors
Title: She-ba
Artist: Romare Bearden
Date: 1970
Source/Museum: Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford. The Ella Gallup Sumner and
Mary Catlin Sumner Collection Fund. © Romare Bearden Fund/Licensed by VAGA, New York, New York.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 48 x 35 ⅞ in.
Contrast and
Tension1. Both Warm and Cool Colors appear next to one
another
2. Sheba brings Muslim religion to Ethiopia
1. Serenity
2. Calm
3. Coolness
Title: Cara Grande feather mask, Tapirapé
Artist: n/a
Date: c. 1960
Source/Museum: Rio Tapirapé, Brazil, National Museum
of the American Indian/Smithsonian Institution.
Medium: n/a
Size: Height 31 in.
Complementary Colors1. Complementary Colors
1. Heus that lie opposite of each other on
the color wheel
1. Simultaneous Contrast
1. Complementary colors next to
one another become brighter
2. Cells in the Retina can only register one color
at a time
Title:256 Farben (256 Colors)
Artist: Gerhard Richter
Date: 1974-1984
Source/Museum: Castello di Rivoli Museo d'Arte Cotemporanea,
Turin, Italy. Long-term loan—private collection.
Medium: Enamel on canvas
Size: 7 ft. 3 in. x 14 ft. 5 in.
1. Ability to trick the eye; optical illusions
2. “pop” at the intersection of the white lines
1. A blur vision at the edge
Optical Illusions
Harmonizing Color
1. Pointillism: tiny dots
1. Color mixed optically
1. Pointillism
2. 6 feet vantage point
Title: A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
Artist: Georges Seurat
Date: 1884-1886
Source/Museum: The Art Institute of Chicago. Helen Birch Bartlett Memorial
Collection, 1926.224. Photo © 2001 The Art Institute of Chicago. All rights reserved.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 71 ¾ in. x 10 ft. 1 ¼ in.
Title: Premier Disque
Artist: Robert Delaunay
Date: 1912
Source/Museum: Christie's Images, Ltd. 1999. © L & M
Services B.V., Amsterdam.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 53 in. diameter
Closed or
Restricted Palette
1. Simultaneous disks
1. Balance compliments on the
color wheel
Title: Sonia Delaunay in a simultaneous dress
Artist: n/a
Date: 1914
Source/Museum: Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris. Collection du Centre
Georges Pompidou. © CNAC/MNAM/Dist. Reunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, New York. © L & M Services B.V., Amsterdam.
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Title: Prismes Electriques
Artist: Sonia Delauney
Date: 1914
Source/Museum: Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris. Collection du Centre
Georges Pompidou. Photo: Photothèque des collections du Mnam/Cci. © Reunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, New York. © L & M Services B.V., Amsterdam.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 98 3/8 x 98 3/8 in.
1. Flux and Flow of Modernity
1. Energy and dynamism
Title: Mercenaries III
Artist: Leon Golub
Date: 1980
Source/Museum: Collection of the Eli Broad Family Foundation, Los
Angeles. © Leon Golub/Licensed by VAGA, New York.
Medium: Acrylic on canvas
Size: 120 x 198 in.
Title: Filàs for Sale
Artist: Charles Searles
Date: 1972
Source/Museum: From the Nigerian Impressions series, Lent by the
Museum of the National Center of Afro-American Artists, Roxbury,
Massachusetts.
Medium: Acrylic on canvas
Size: 72 x 50 in.
Open Palette
1. Filas; skull caps
2. Movement and confusion with open
palette
Title: Munsell color wheel
Artist: n/a
Date: n/a
Source/Museum: n/a
Medium: n/a
Size: n/a
Color in Representational Art
Title: Summer Landscape
Artist: Stuart Davis
Date: 1930
Source/Museum: © Estate of Stuart Davis/Licensed by VAGA,
New York, New York.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 29 x 42 in.
Local color: color of object, or the color it is know to be
Local Color
Title: Grainstack (Sunset)
Artist: Claude Monet
Date: 1891
Source/Museum: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Juliana Cheney
Edwards Collection, 25.112.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 28 ⅞ x 36 ½ in.
1. Plein-air painting
1. Painting done
outdoors
2. “open air”
2. Perceptual color
1. Color light renders
objects to be
Perceptual Color
Title: Stanley (large version)
Artist: Chuck Close
Date: 1980-1981
Source/Museum: The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York. Purchased
with funds contributed by Mr. & Mrs. Barrie M. Damson, 1981, 81.2839. Photo: David Heald. © The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, New York (FN 2839).
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 104 x 84 in.
1. Both:
1. Representational Abstract
2. Layered pointilism
Title: The Terrace at Vernon
Artist: Pierre Bonnard
Date: c. 1920-1939
Source/Museum: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gift of Mrs. Frank
Jay Gould, 1968 (68.1). Photo © 1980 The Metropolitan Museum of Art. © 2003 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 57 11/16 x 76 ½ in.
Arbitrary color
1. Laws of color not of
objects
2. No fore, middle and
back ground
1. Has no depth
3. Not totally random
Title: The Night Café
Artist: Vincent van Gogh
Date: 1888
Source/Museum: Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven.
Bequest of Stephen Carlton Clark, B.A., 1903.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 28 ½ x 36 ¼ in.
1. Symbolic use of Color: varies
within the context it is viewed
1. Red: love and harmony
1. Or war and death
2. Red and Green:
1. American think
Christmas
2. Van Goh:
maddening,
tension, emotional
2. Visual tension and emotional
imbalance (red and green)
Color and its Symbolic Meaning
Title: Black Lines (Schwarze Linien)
Artist: Wassily Kandinsky
Date: December 1913
Source/Museum: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York. Gift, Solomon R.
Guggenheim, 1937, 37.241. Photo: David Heald, © The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, New York/ © 2003 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 51 x 51 5/8 in.
Color and its Symbolic Meaning
1. Non objective
1. Hint of a landscape
2. Blue: heavenly color
3. Yellow: color of earth
4. Green: passive, healthy, fat
and self-satisfied
(burgeoise)
5. Red: stimulates and excites
6. Red and green: simplicity
and pleasantness of the
harmony and ideal peasant
life
Title: Newton's Tones/New Stones
Artist: Tony Cragg
Date: 1982
Source/Museum: Courtesy Marian Goodman Gallery, New
York. Photo: Ed Owen, Washington, D.C.
Medium: Plastic floor construction
Size: 197 x 72 in.