linux windows wine

8/13/2019 Linux Windows wine

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Michael Pensini, JasdeepHayer & Mrinal Vora

Partitioning and

Emulation


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Overview

How to Partition & format of Disks

3 Partitions Made Fat32 file sys used

Installation of Win98 & Linux Mandrake8.0

Installation of software on thirdpartition

Implementation of emulator software inLinux

Implementation of VMware


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Why partition?

You may have 2 operating systems and

want to load them individually.

File Structure

Convenience in managing files


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Why Not?

Space Wastage

Bigger partitions not only waste more space

for the same files, they waste a greaterportion of the space

Disk compression utilities like DoubleSpace

are more efficient for space saving ratherthan partitioning


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Selection of Partition Sizes

We were allocated a 9.5GB Hard Disk

Partition with size in mind.

Obviously Small files for small partitions,Large files for large partitions

2 x 3.5GB Partitions + 2.5GB Partition.


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FDISK

Program used with Microsoft to PartitionDisksUse of FDISK

3 partitions

2 Fat32,

Last partition Done under Linux Mandrake 8.0Installation (EXT2)

Primary, Extended and Logical DOSpartitions

Specifying space


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FDISK

Always Backup

. Uncertain about your backup hardware

and software?


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File Systems

FAT32

File allocation Table

Very simple system

Resides at top of volume

FAT32 increases the number of bits used toaddress clusters & reduces the size of eachcluster.

Can support larger disks (up to 2 terabytes) andbetter storage efficiency (less slack space).


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Fat32 Efficiency

Disk Size Cluster Size Efficiency

> 260meg 4K 96.6%> 8gig 8K 92.9%

> 60gig 16K 85.8%

> 2tril 32K 73.8%


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File Systems

Linux has a very fast file system called

the Extended File System Version 2(EXT2) More complex system


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Goals Of EXT2

The data structure should berecoverable

Must allow for an efficientimplementation

Disk layout should minimize seek times

by clustering data on disk The disk layout should conserve disk

space


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Emulators

Like running a computer without anoperating system.

An emulator is something thatduplicates the environment that anapplication runs in

Mimics one OS within another OS


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WINE (WindowsEmulator)

Wine is an implementation of theWindows 3.x and Win32 APIs on top of

X and Unix Think of Wine as a Windows

compatibility layer


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How did WINE start?

Started in 1993.

Its purpose was for running Windows

3.1 programs on Linux. Bob Amstadt was the original

coordinator, but turned it over fairlyearly on to Alexandre Julliard

Over the years, ports for other Unixeshave been added


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WINE Features

Binary Compatibility

Support for loading DOS, Windows 3.x and Win32binaries

Support for Win16 and Win32 function calls

16 and 32 bit x86 code

Large interrupt library for programs using real-mode INTxx calls

Advanced thunking capabilities

Optional use of external vendor DLLs

Reverse-engineering design assures ``bug-for-bug''compatibility


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WINE Features Contd

GraphicsX11-based graphics display

Remote display to any X terminal

Supports full GDI and many new features ofGDI32

Partial DirectX support for games

Supports native Win16 printer driversInternal PostScript driver printing interface

Metafile driver

Desktop-in-a-box or mixable windows


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WINE Features Contd

Other Features

Good support for sound, alternative inputdevices

Modems, serial devices are supported

Winsock TCP/IP networking

ASPI Scanner support


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WINE Features Contd

Wine API

Designed for source compatibility with Win32 code

Sample programs

Automatically generated API documentation

32-bit resource compiler

Partial Unicode and supportInternationalisation -- Wine supports 16 languages

Built-in debugger and configurable trace messages


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WINE is Windows free

Wine does not require MicrosoftWindows

Consisting of 100% Microsoft-free code

Wine comes with complete sources

Wine consists of over 650K lines of C

code


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Requirements for WINE

Wine is designed to run on any x86Computer.

A minimum of 32 MB real memory isrecommended

Wine itself as an unstripped version needs 70MB disk space.

A minimum of 140 MB free space on harddisk.

To compile Wine, the minimum you will needis 250 MB.


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What does WINE consist of?

It consists of a program loader, which

loads and executes a Windows binary,

and a library that implements WindowsAPI calls using their UNIX or X11

equivalents.

The library may also be used for portingWin32 code into native UNIX

executables


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Strictly not an emulator

WINE stands for Wine Is Not an Emulator

It implements native code to the function calls

present in the Windows DLL'sWine provides low-level binary compatibility,

but currently only for OSs running on Intel-compatible chips

Wine works on most popular Intel Unixes,including Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris.


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Emulators vs. WINE


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Emulators vs. WINE


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Why use WINE?

Most application software is stilldeveloped to run on Windows

It helps a smooth transition for peopleswitching from Windows to Linux.

Wine can use almost any filesystem thatLinux can mount

Makes extensive gaming possible inlinux


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WINE Status

As of mid 2000, Wine consists of over650K lines of C code

written by more than 300 developersfrom dozens of countries around theworld

Wine is in active use by an estimated90K people

Wine implements more than 90% of the

calls in popular Windows specifications-


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Still Under Development

WINE has been released but is stillincomplete.

Because Wine is being developed by

volunteers, it is difficult to predict when it willbe ready for general release.

But due to the much increased interest bycompanies in porting apps via Wine, Wine

development is constantly getting more andmore active.

Expected to run more than 85% of all windowsapps in 2 years time.


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Our WINE experience!

We had problems configuring WINE

Only managed to make WINE run

simple windows applications WINE run Notepad, Windows CD Player,

Calculator and other such smallprograms

Gave configuration errors when tryingto run bigger Windows programs


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VMware Family Overview

4 Main products:

Workstation

Express

ESX Server

GSX Server


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ESX Server

Server for web serving, database,exchange, streaming media

Installs without host OS, uses ownkernel

Supports up to 8 processors

Supports 420 simultaneous virtualmachines


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GSX Server

Server for Intranet use, Exchange,Application Servers

Installs on top of Linux/Windows2000/NT

Supports up to 4 processors

Supports 28 virtual machines


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VMware Express Features

Run Windows 95/98 in Linux

Eliminate dual booting and partitioning

Use printers, scanners, modems anddevices

Networking, dial-up access capability

Support for multiple processors

Full sound capability


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Example Screenshot


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How VMware Express Works

MultipleWorlds Technology Software layer between Intel architecture

& OS Manages resources

Completely independent PC

File sharing SAMBA on Linux host

Each PC has own network address


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Completely Independent PC

Virtual computer does not affect thehost

Although using same devices, accesseswithout going through host

If application of OS error in guest and

crash occurs, host continues withouterror


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SAMBA

Using SAMBA, able to share files between OS

Files transferred between applications and

guest/host through SAMBA protocol providingtotal compatibility

Able to use applications such as WindowsExplorer to drag/drop to Linux desktop

Microsoft Word can seamlessly save to Linuxpartition


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Networking

As independent PC, provides fullnetworking support with own network

address, as on a real machine Supports Dial-Up Networking and LANs

providing access to systems running

TCP/IP, Microsoft Networking, NovellNetWare, Samba and NFS


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Installation Process

Install VMware Express on PC runningLinux

Install Windows 95/95 onto VMwaresVirtual PC

Run both OS simultaneously


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VMware Workstation Features

Run multiple OS simultaneously on 1machine

Eliminate dual booting/partitioning Run applications from different OS

Full networking, dial-up access and file

sharing support Window and full-screen operation of OS

Suspend and resume virtual machines


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VMware WorkstationScreenshot


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VMware Screenshot

k


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How VMware WorkstationWorks

MultipleWorlds Technology

After VMware Installation, configure other OS

Virtual Disks

Undoable Disks


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Configuring Guest OS

Assign memory, disks, ports andnetworking for guest

Power on virtual machine from withinhost

Insert boot disk for desired OS to beinstalled on guest

Continue installing OS through normalprocedure


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Virtual Disks

Disk partitions of virtual machines

Stored as file on file system of host

operating systemAs entire partition is 1 file, manipulation

such as copy, move and backup ispossible

Also enables virtual disks to be sharedfrom a file server


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Undoable Disks

Decide whether to save or discard changesmade to disk during session

Appear as though written to disk, howeverstored in temporary file until saved

When shutting down, 3 options available:

Keep changes permanently

Ignore changes

Keep changes in temporary file


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Possible Drawbacks

Requires powerful hardware

Fast processorat least 500 MHz for 2

virtual machines Large amount of RAMat least 192 MB for

2 virtual machines

Large amount of HDD space

Different HDD for guest OS

No 3D graphics support


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Conclusion

Good solution for Intel based systemrequiring multiple OS to be runsimultaneously

VMware express cheaper solution, morelimited but still useful for running Windows 9xin Linux

VMware workstation extensive capabilities formultiple applications includingsoftware/network testing across multipleplatforms


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Refrences

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htm

www.teleport.com/~brainy/fat32.htm

support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q154/9/97.Asp www.easytweak.com/fat32/fat32.htm

www.newlogic.co.uk/kbase/fdisk/page1.htm

www.winehq.com

http://www.vmware.com

http://chris.erway.org/vmware/

http://www.thedukeofurl.org/reviews/misc/vmware202/index.shtml
http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htmhttp://www.teleport.com/~brainy/fat32.htmhttp://www.easytweak.com/fat32/fat32.htmhttp://www.newlogic.co.uk/kbase/fdisk/page1.htmhttp://www.winehq.com/http://www.vmware.com/http://chris.erway.org/vmware/http://www.thedukeofurl.org/reviews/misc/vmware202/index.shtmlhttp://www.thedukeofurl.org/reviews/misc/vmware202/index.shtmlhttp://www.thedukeofurl.org/reviews/misc/vmware202/index.shtmlhttp://www.thedukeofurl.org/reviews/misc/vmware202/index.shtmlhttp://chris.erway.org/vmware/http://www.vmware.com/http://www.winehq.com/http://www.newlogic.co.uk/kbase/fdisk/page1.htmhttp://www.easytweak.com/fat32/fat32.htmhttp://www.teleport.com/~brainy/fat32.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1791/hd-partn.htm

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