Livestock for healthy lives

Delia Grace

ILRI@40 Livestock and healthy lives workshopAddis Ababa, 7 November 2014

Agriculture imposes large burdens on human health

EmergingFood borneMalnutritionZoonosesMalaria

Three million deaths a year are agriculture associated One quarter of all deaths from infection are agriculture associatedAlmost all of these occur in developing countries

Burden of over-nutrition now exceeds burden of under-nutrition

1. Food SafetyRisks in informal markets (ILRI)Mycotoxins (ICRISAT, IFPRI, IITA, ILRI (CIMMYT))

2. Emerging infectious disease Rift Valley fever, Ebola, MERS, avian influenzaIntensification, irrigation, urbanization, climate change

3. Neglected zoonoses Parasitic zoonosesNTD

Agriculture associated disease

Zoonoses and FBD kill 2.2 million a year• 2.4 billion people sick • 2.2 million people dead• more than 1 in 7 animals affected

Zoonoses & FBD cost $84 billion a year• $9 billion in lost productivity• $25 billion in animal mortality • $50 billion in human health costs

Zoonoses and FBD are the most important problem with an ag solution

6

Emerging infectious diseases 1940-2012

Evidence that counts

7

Evidence for ag. associated diseases

8

Intensification, urbanisation

Technologies for change

10

• Disease resistant animals

• Vaccines

• Rapid diagnostics

• Biocontrol for aflatoxins

Impact at scale

11

Informal markets have a major role in food security and safety

Benefits of wet markets

Cheap food,Fresh food,

Food from local breeds,Better taste (hard chicken)

Accessible,Small amounts sold (kidogo)

Sellers are trusted,Credit may be provided

(results from PRAs with consumers in Safe Food, Fair Food project)

Wet market milk Supermarket milk

Most common price /litre

56 cents One dollar

HH where infants consume daily

67% 65%

HH which boil milk 99% 79%

Survey in supermarkets and wet markets in Nairobi in 2014

>60% of consumers’ don’t trust govt. label

• Branding & certification of milk vendors in Kenya & Guwahti, Assam led to improved milk safety.

• It benefited the national economy by $33 million per year in Kenyan and $6 million in Assam

• 70% of traders in Assam and 24% in Kenya are currently registered

• 6 milllion consumers in Kenya and 1.5 million in Assam are benefiting from safer milk

Towards impact at scale

Path 2: leverage points for food safety

Kenya dairy•1 million Kenyan smallholders keep Africa’s largest dairy herd

•Most Kenyans drink milk (100-140 kg per year)•86% of milk sold through informal sector

•28,000 traders•9 branches

•1 association (KDTA), 1 regulator (KDB)

Assam dairy•Kamrup is the capital district of Assam (n=23 districts) •Population 1.6 million: most consume dairy products

•97% of milk sold through informal sector•550 traders

•1 association•5 govt regulators brought together in one committee

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