local coal it’s contribution to the energy development in ... · mining – strip mining •...
TRANSCRIPT
Local coal &
it’s contribution to the energy development in Yemen
• Introduction• Global overview• Hadhrmout mining• Coal resources• Optimal utilization• Economy impact• Opportunities and challenges• Close and remarks
Index
What is COAL?• Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black
sedimentary rock composed mainly of Coal is composed mainly of – carbon (50 to 98 per cent)– hydrogen (3 to 13 per cent) – oxygen– smaller amounts of nitrogen– sulphur – little water– other elements.
• 4 Types:– Lignite– Subbituminous– Bituminous– Anthracite
Coal types?
Formation of COAL
Mining
– Strip Mining• Removal of large strips of overlying
rock and soil to reveal coal.– Mountaintop Removal Mining
• Removal of mountain tops with explosives. Land made flat after reclamation.
– Highwall Mining• A continuous miner cuts holes
horizontally into the coal formation.– Underground Mining
• Room and pillar
Coal uses
Energy demand trend
Energy demand trend
Coal consumption
Benefits of Coal
blue bars = coal
World Fossil Fuel Reserves1-Price2-Availability3-Effeciency4-Safe
Coal in Yemen - SWOTStrengthSmall coal reserve –PROVED
WeaknessLimited researchesLake of technical support
OpportunitiesMore reservesEnergy utilizationEnhance the local industries
ThreatsLake of transportationExploitation cost
Relative Costs of Coal based power generation Compared to Other Resources
Clearly coal is the most cost-effective form of energy. However, in creating clean coal, which is much more environment-friendly, the costs raise significantly.
Because Clean Coal technology is new, there are not accurate estimates as to what the costs will be once advances are made.
To produce 1 MWh the cost of coal is: 50 - 60 % less than oil and petroleum
45% less than Natural gases energy
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Hadhramout mining?-Local Ltd entity-Specialty in coal, first local company EVER.-Stationed in Mukalla-Proved 7 coal fields-Working on new fields-Mining plans-Power generation plans
5 Years prospecting workHistorical reportsInvestigation and researches Prospection permitsConsultancies Field works, samplingTesting and analysisManual exploration, (Manual digging)Promising fields identificationMinor exploration, through mechanical trenchingExploitationPlanning
Hadhramout mining responsibilities?Social
To create 300-400 Job opportunitiesTo work on roads on the targeted areas
PoliticalTo make use of 100% of local coal locally
EconomicalPower generationEnhance coal energy as an alternative energy resource
-EnvironmentalUse the latest technology
-Safety and hygieneImplement the ISO standard in all practicesTrain people
Coal resource-Seven coal fields, different areas-Seam thickness varies from 0.3m to 1.5M-Contour & high wall and Underground mining-Probable resource estimation at 54 Million Ton-Bituminous - Sub bituminous – Lignite coal-Heating value range: 3000-5500 Kcal/kg-Suitable for power generation-Exploitation cost is the crucial factor
Optimal utilization-Power generationEstimated reserve can generate:300 MWh for 30 Years!!!
Economy impact-Enhance the coal energy-Better utilization for petroleum resources-Decrease unemployment %-Open new horizon for the economy-Attract attention of foreign investors
Close and remarks