Long Bone & Sports Injuries

Presented by:

NAFC EMS Office

Why do we cover this topic?

• Broken bones could be an everyday call– Ex: Elderly fall vic. Call for lift asst. or Med

Alarm• Bones are strong but will break with enough

strain• With the warmer weather comes more

outdoor activity, accidents and sports• Refresh our skills• Learn new skills from others experience &

knowledge.

What will we cover

• Examples of common Injuries• How to care/ treat for the injuries• Proper lifting • Video examples • End with a 1 multi victim scenario

Terminology

• Fracture- is a broken bone• Break- is a fractured bone

– They mean the same thing

• Hairline Fracture- a fine break in the bone where the bone remains aligned

• Dislocation- displaced or misaligned bone joint

• Sprain- sprain or tearing of a ligament• Strain- injury to a muscle or tendon

Common Injury Causes

• MVC- Motor Vehicle Collision• Falls- greater that 3x Persons Height• Sports- Collisions, Falls, Impacts• Impacts from in movable objects• Assaults• Abuse- NYS Mandated reports• Recreational injuries• Work- Ex. Construction, Landscapers, FF’s

Bone Fractures X Rays

Treatments- Broken Bone

• Number of bones in Human– Adult- 206– Newborns- Over 270 (Later in growth bones fuse)

– Common break areas:

Radial/Ulna– ForearmHumorous- Upper ArmDigits- Fingers/ ToesTarsals- AnkleCarpals- WristRibs/ Sternum- Chest

HipFemur- Upper legTib/ Fib- Lower LegSpinal Cord- C SpineSkull- TemporalTail Bones- Coccyx

Treatments- Broken Bone Cont.

• Dispatch- Info on injury/ location/ poss. cause• Proper Crew/ Apparatus• Scn Safety• Proper BSI/ Equipment• Is RMA Coming or MA resources needed• Eval/ Treatment• ABCS/ Vitals/ PMS (Pre and post treatment)• Have 1 FF hold stabilization/ EMT control pt.

& pt. care/ apply proper splint/ revaluate pt.• Place hand in position of function

Treatments- Broken Bone Cont.

• Provide a blanket to protect if shock is susp.• Document findings/ treatment and scn in pcr• Tx to proper facility for Orthoscopic• Clean Up• Equipment replenish

Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains

Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains

• displaced or misaligned bone joint

• Common Causes-– Falls– Slips– Sports– Car vs. Ped– Age– Illness

Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains

• Same treatment as break except– You must stabilize the injury in position of finding

unless distal of the inj is cyanotic, and pulseless. In this case you can make 1 attempt to reposition inj unless resistance is meet or until you can get pulses back distally.

– To help with swelling a cold pack wrapped in a protective cloth is recommend for pain/ swelling control.

Treatment- Cartilage

• You can break hard cartilage not soft cartilage• Hard cartilage- Ex Nose• Soft cartilage- Ex Ear

• You can not tear your soft but you can tear soft Ex: Ear Drum.

Femur Injury

Femur Injury

• Same as prior slides for treatment• Use traction control devise

• Ex: Hare or Sager

• Contraindications– Close to knee– Injury to hip– Injury to pelvis– Injury to lower extremity– Amputation or avulsion w/ bone separation

Sports injury's

• Most common injury's to consider:• Spinal injury's• Muscular skeletal• Dehydration• Head Injury's

– Concussions– Skull Fractures– Impact injuries

Sports Injuries

• For youth sports- Make sure that parents are informed of what's going on. Coach/ principle or training staff should have parent release.

• Helmets- ask training staff or coaches to help with helmets. Most helmets now have removable masks to prevent having to move the head and neck to remove the helmet.

• If you need to remove the helmet, you need to trained personnel.

• Keep an eye out for crowd control

MVC- Motor Vehicle Accidents

• Can include-– Car vs. multi cars– Ped– Bicyclist– Motor Cycle

• Keep in mind that the speed of the objects hitting are added together. Ex car 1 Vic going 35 MPH hits car 2 going 45 MPH is a impact speed of Vic is 75 MPH.

• Can have multi inj- Ex femur + C Spine • Can have hidden injuries

• Thank you for your cooperation tonight