lukáš marek - spatial clustering and multivariate statistics in analysis of infectious diseases
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This presentation is co-financed by theEuropean Social Fund and the statebudget of the Czech Republic
Spatial Clustering and Multivariate Statistics in Analysis of Infectious Diseases
Lukáš MAREK
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Why Geographical Information Systems?
Advanced methods for spatial analyses
Spatial statistics
Exploration of spatial pattern
Visualization and presentation for non-geographers
(doctors, specialist)
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Spatial Analyses of Health Data - AOI Disease mapping Visual description of spatial variability of the disease incidence Maps of incidence risk, identification of areas with high risk
Geographic correlation studies Analysis of associations among the incidence and
environmental factors
Analyses of spatial pattern Exploration of spatial and spatio-temporal patterns in data Disease clusters, randomness, …
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
require specific procedures because of their confidentiality management, presentation and operations
aggregated, anonymized or incomplete data sets
usage of suitable analytical procedures, while the uncertainty and the inaccuracy of data characteristics need to be taken into account during the analysis and interpretation of results
Health and Medical Data
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Health and medical data = private, confidential and sensitive data
Keeping all available records but prevent their re-identification
Usefulness of the local scale analysis X privacy protection
Unlikely to explore the relations on the individual level (and not necessary)
Availability, accessibility and restrictions
Data Privacy
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Software
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Disease occurence as the event Space, time, attributes Spatial (point) pattern
Spatial evaluation of infectious diseases in Olomouc Region, Czech Republic Parotitis, Salmonella, Viral intestinal infections
Spatial evaluation of Campylobacter infection in the Czech Republic
Objectives
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Campylobacteriosis Campylobacter bacterium (C. jejuni) Frequent Often foodborne Symptom are similar to salmonella Poultry or fresh milk products
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Data Collaboration with Regional Public Health Service in Olomouc
and the National Institute of Public Health EPIDAT database Mandatory records about infectious diseases and patients,
manually fulfilled Age, Sex, Date, Profession, Place of residence, infection, isolation,
… 2008 - 2012 ≈ 100 000 records (weakly) Anonymized
Aggregation Hexagons with the size of average cadastral unit, administrative
units EUROSTAT population grid
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Time
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Disease mapping
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Identification of Spatial Processes Estimation of the nature of phenomenon Plenty of methods Global vs. Local Graphical vs. Numerical
Testing of Complete Spatial Randomness Or other spatial processes
Scale dependency Bayesian modelling
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Spatial Pattern
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Local Moran‘s I with EB Rate
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Multivariate Clustering Similarity searching in
attribute space
Classification of areas with related properties of occuring diseases and their parameters
Classification of similar cases
Without spatial relations
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Problems / Challenges Geocoding Aggregation Age / Population standardization Neighbourhood estimation Modifiable areal unit problem Probability distribution of the disease occurrence Underlying processes Under / Overestimation of results leading to
misinterpretation
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Future work Spatio-temporal analysis (More of) Bayesian modelling and smoothing Multivariate statistics with spatial relations
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2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
Thank you for your attention