medical emergencies and first aid lukáš havlásek
TRANSCRIPT
Medical emergencies and first AID
Lukáš Havlásek
Most common medical emergencies
• Anaphylaxis• Burns and scalds• Bleeding• Choking• Drowning• Electricity• Fractures
• Heart attack• Poisoning• Shock• Stroke
Anaphylaxis
Symptoms• Difficult to breathe• Tongue and throat swell
First AID• Check medication• Give it to them• Comfort • Breathing as good as
possible
Burns and scalds
First AID• Cool the burn• Keep the person warm• Remove clothing or jewellery • Cover the burn• Do not put cream on it• Chemical burn – brush the chemicals and use cold
water for 20 minutes
Bleeding
First AID• Prevent loss of blood• Use gloves• Check the wound• Press the wound• Bandage the wound• Raise the limb• Do not put the severed part of body in direct contact
with ice
Choking
First AID• Remove obvious obstruction• Give back blows• Carefully check the mouth• Perform abdominal thrusts• Get the obstruction out• Choking person should be always
checked by doctor
Drowning
First AID• Give five initial rescue breaths• Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)• Adults 30:2
– At least 5cm deep– At least 100 times per minute
Children 15:2, Newborns 3:1
• Use recovery position
Electricity
First AID• Break the contact between person and electrical supply.• Swith off the electrical current.• If the person is not breathing, start CPR.
Fractures
Symptoms• Pain• Inability to move• Deformity• Could be open and
closed
First AID• Immobilize the affected
part of the body and take off all jewellery
• If open, priority is bleeding.
Heart attack
Symptoms• Chest pain• Pain in other parts of the
body
First AID• Sit the person down• Use aspirin• Monitor their vital signs• If necessary, start CPR.
Poisoning
Symptoms• Vomiting• Loss of consciousness• Pain• Burning sensation
First AID• Find out what is the
poison• Do not eat and drink• Never try to induce
vomiting• Open the airways• Start CPR
Shock
Symptoms• Pale, cold, clammy skin• Sweating• Rapid, shallow breathing• Wakness and dizziness• Feeling sick, vomiting• Thirst• Yawning• Sighing
First AID• Lay the person down• Keep the person warm• Do not eat or drink• Comfort and reassurance• Monitor the person
Stroke
Symptoms• Facial weakness• Arm weakness• Speech problems
First AID• Call emergency
immediatelly