Luther Leads the Reformation

Natalia Cassino, Ciabel Crespo, José Ángel Quinzada,Carlos Ramirez, Juan Carlos Rothery, Christian Torres

Social Political Economic Religious

-Values of humanism, and secularism led people to start questioning the church-The printing press helped to spread the church's ideas.

-Monarchs challenged the church.

-Jealousy among european princes and kings.

-Church leaders become worldly and corrupt.-People found many church practices unacceptable.

Causes of Reformation

Luther Challenges the Church● Parents wanted him to be a lawyer but he became monk and

teacher.● Taught scripture at the university of Wittenberg.● He only wanted to be a good Christian.

The 95 Theses❖ In 1517, Luther decided to take a public stand against

Johan Tetzel. ❖ Tetzel was selling indulgences to rebuild a cathedral.❖ In response, Luther wrote the 95 Theses.❖ He soon became known and his actions began the

reformation.

Luther’s Teachings

- Soon, Luther wanted to reform more of the church.

- His teachings rested on 3 main ideas:

1. People could only achieve salvation by God’s forgiveness.

2. The Church’s teaching should be based only on the bible’s words.

3. All people with faith were equals.

The Response to LutherThe Pope’s Threat

❖ The rebellious monk was a serious threat.❖ Drive the pope from the Church. ❖ Pope Leo X.❖ Excommunication threat. ❖ Luther did not care.

The Emperor’s Opposition

❖ Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.

❖ Trial in the town of Worms.

❖ Charles issued an imperial order.

❖ Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony.

❖ Separate religious group, the Lutherans.

The Response to LutherThe Peasant’s Revolt

❖ Some people began to apply Luther’s ideas in society.

❖ Peasants demanded an end to serfdom.❖ German, angry peasants went mad. ❖ The princes’ armies crushed the revolt.

Germany at War

❖ Many northern German princes supported Lutheranism.

❖ The term “Protestant” came to be.

❖ Charles V waged war against the Protestant princes.

❖ Peace of Augsburg.

Protestantism

● Is a branch of Christianity. ● Protest in europe against beliefs

and practice of the catholic church.

● It developed the reformation. ● 16th-century. ● 3 different branches emerged.

England Becomes ProtestantHenry VIII wants a son

● “Defender of the Faith”.● Need of a male heir .

The Reformation Parliament

● Parliament called by Henry to end the pope power in England.

● Parliament legalized Henry's divorce.● Parliament vote for the Act of Supremacy

accepting Henry as the new head of the church.

● Thomas More was against the act of supremacy.

Consequences of Henry´s Change

● Anne Boleyn gives birth to a girl and later charged for treason.● Jane Seymour gives birth to Edward. ● All children ruled England in turns.

Elizabeth Restores Protestantism

● Parliament makes Elizabeth, head of the church of England.

● Elizabeth decides to make a church where both Catholics and Protestants can be accepted.

Elizabeth faces other challenges

● Religion remains a problem.● Money became a problem.