Industrial Summer Training

BHEL BHOPAL

Presentation By: mahesh

Content

1. Introduction2. Type Of Products3. Steam Turbine4. Conclusion

Introduction

BHEL BHOPAL

INTRODUCTION

1. BHEL is the largest power equipment manufacturer in India and 7th largest in the world.

2. Founded in 1964.

3. First plant was build in Bhopal.

INTRODUCTION

4. Engaged in the Design, Engineering, Manufacture, Construction, Testing, Commissioning and Servicing of a wide range of products and services.

UHV Testing Workshop

Presence

-15 manufacturing divisions- 2 repair units- 4 regional offices- 8 service centres- 8 overseas offices- 15 regional centres and - Currently operates at more than 150 projects sites across India and abroad.

.... and....

BHEL is ranked ninth most innovative company in the world by US business magazine forbes.

Summer Training

Study Of Steam Turbine

BHEL Bhopal

What is a turbine? Turbine is a engine that converts energy of fluids into mechanical energy.

A steam turbine is a steam driven rotary engine.

Principle of steam turbine

1. Steam energy is converted in mechanical work by expansion though the turbin.2. Expansion takes place through a series of fixed blades(nozzles) and moving blades. 3. In each row fixed blade and moving blade are called stage.

Turbine rotor and Blades

Rotor

Turbine Blades

Rotor and Casing of Steam Turbine:

1. High pressure turbine2. Intermediate pressure turbine 3. Low pressure turbine

Types of Steam Turbine

There are two main types:

1. Impulse Steam Turbine

2. Reaction Steam Turbine

Impulse Turbine

Reaction Turbine

Impulse Steam Turbine

1. In Impulse Steam Turbine, a jet of steam from a fixed nozzle pushes against the rotor blades and moves them forward.

2. The velocity of steam is twice as fast as velocity of the blades.

Reaction Steam Turbine

1. A Reaction Steam Turbine utilizes a jet of steam that flows from a nozzle on the rotor.

2. The steam is directed into the moving blades by fixed blades designed to expand the system.

Schematic Diagram

Difference between Impulse and Reaction Steam Turbine

1.In Impulse type. steam expands in the nozzle. So its pressure remains constant on both ends of the moving blades whereas In Reaction Type, Fixed blades act as nozzles. So steam expands both in fixed and moving blades continuously as it passes over them. Thus the pressure drop occurs in this.

2. In Impulse type the blades are of symmetrical profile types, so manufacturing is easy whereas in the reaction type the blades are non-symmetrical type, so manufacturing is difficult.

3. Number of stages in impulse steam turbine is less as compared to the number of stages in reaction steam turbine.

4. Impulse Steam Turbine occupies less space for same output compared to reaction type.

Advantages Of Steam Turbine

1. Thermal efficiency of a steam turbine is higher than steam engine. 2. The steam turbine develops power at a uniform rate and hence does not required Flywheel. 3. In a steam turbine there is no loss due to initial condensation of steam. 4. In steam turbine no friction losses are there.

Disadvantages of Steam Turbine

1. High efficiency is obtained only at high speed. 2. They are very heavy and cumbersome. 3. Due to big size and heavy weight, transportation and installation is not easy. 4. Turbine can rotate in only one direction.

Conclusion

The steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of steam is transformed into the kinetic energy, and then transferred into mechanical energy by turbine shaft. So it is concluded that steam energy is very useful for mechanical work.

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