mainstreaming the 2030 agenda for sustainable … · 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004...

MAINSTREAMING THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

INTO INDONESIA’S DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Bangkok, 3 December 2015

Dr. Leonard V. H. TampubolonDeputy Minister of Economic Affairs

Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Planning AgencyRepublic of Indonesia

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Mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Into Indonesia’s Development Plan

Ministry of National Development Planning of Indonesia

Outline

Current Condition

Policy Strategies

Targets

Partnerships

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CURRENT CONDITION

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Economic growth is slowing down and regional disparity remains high..

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Mar‐04

Feb‐05

Jan‐06

Dec‐06

Nov

‐07

Oct‐08

Sep‐09

Aug‐10

Jul‐1

1

Jun‐12

May‐13

Apr‐14

Mar‐15

Actual GDP Potential GDP

Java Island contributes 60%to Indonesia’s GDP

Economic growth has been trending down. As a result, Indonesia is facing a lower potential GDP.

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Poverty rate reduction has also been slowing down while inequality rising…

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1980

1983

1986

1989

1992

1995

1998

2001

2004

2007

2010

2013

Gini Poverty (old) Poverty (New)

‐8

‐6

‐4

‐2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

ChangesGini

1990s 2000s Increase

Poverty rate reduction has been slowing down in the past 10 years and in 2015, poverty rate increased.

Inequality in Indonesia has been rising the fastest among other developing countries.

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Challenges remain in human resources development..

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Maximum

Mean

Minimum

AVERAGE LENGTH OF SCHOOLING PER PROVINCE, 2012

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Papua

NTB

Kalbar

NTT

Sulbar

Jatim

Jateng

Gorontalo

Babel

Kalsel

Lampung

Sumsel

Jambi

Sulsel

Kalteng

Sulteng

Jabar

Sultra

Bali

Bengkulu

Banten

Malut

Sumbar

Riau

Aceh

Kaltim

Sumut

Sulut

Maluku

Yogyaka …

Pabar

Kepri

Jakarta

Terendah Rata-rata Tertinggi

ADULT ILLITERACY RATE PER PROVINCE, 2011

Delivery in HealthFacilities (%)

Complete Basic Immunization Coverage (%)

Highest 99,0DIY

83,1DIY

National 70,4 58,9

Lowest 25,2MALUKU

29,2PAPUA

DISPARITIES IN SERVICE DELIVERY

Source: Riskesdas, 2013

Maternal and Infant Mortality Rate 1994-2012 and Mid Term Development Plan (RPJMN) Target 2019

MATERNAL AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE

390

334307

228

359 306

57

46

3534 32

24

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0

100

200

300

400

500

1994 1997 2002‐2003 2007 2012 2019

Infant M

ortality Ra

te

Materna

l Mortality Ra

te

Maternal Mortality Rate per 100.000 Live BirthsInfant Mortality Rate per 1.000 Live Births

Source: SDKI

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• Economic growth still heavily relies on natural resources i.e. oil and gas, minerals, forestry. This resource‐driven growth has caused depletion and degradation (RPJMN 2015‐2019).

• In 2013, the proportion of households with access to safe drinking water is 67.7% while those with access to basic sanitation facilities only 60.9%. Therefore, 100 million people still have no access to drinking water and 120 million have no access to proper sanitation (BPS, 2013).

Environmental development has also been facing challenges as well…

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POLICY STRATEGIES

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Mid-Term National Development Plan 2015-2019

DEVELOPMENT NORMS1. Building society and human beings;2. Improved efforts for welfare, prosperity, productivity should not create a widening inequality:

• Special attention is given to improve the productivity of lower and middle income people without blocking, inhibiting, shrinking, and reducing flexibility of major actors to continue to be an agent of growth.

3. Development activities must not impair or reduce carrying capacity of environment and the ecosystem balance.

3 DIMENSIONS OF DEVELOPMENT

Human Development

Education

Health

Housing

Mental/Character

Primary Sector Development

Food Sovereignty

Energy Sovereignty and Electricity

Maritime and Marine

Tourism and Industry

Equalization and Regional

Development

Among Income Groups

Among Regions: (1) Villages; (2) Borderlands;

Non‐Java; Eastern Regions

Certainty and Law Enforcement Security and Order Politics and Democracy Governance and Reform

NECESSARY CONDITIONS

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Map the goals, targets, and potential indicators of Sustainable Development for three pillars

(economy, social, and environment)

Set up legal aspects of SDG:• Draft Presidential Decree on Sustainable Development

• Create A National Coordinating Team for SDGs

• Establish A National Secretariat for SDGs

Hold cross‐ministerial meeting with CSOs to discuss:• Goals, targets, and potential indicators• Dissemination material• Work Plan for 2016 SDGs

“Indonesia’s Action for SDGs”

2015 Activities

Central Government, Local Government, and

LegislativeUniversity Platform

Corporate (Philanthropists Platform, CSR Platform, Sustainable Productions)

CSO Platform

Indonesia’s Action for SDGs

Collaborative Action

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TARGETS

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Indonesia’s Medium Term Development Plan 2015-2019 has aligned with all 17 goals of SDGs.. (1)

Decrease poverty rate to 7‐8% from 11% (2014)62.4 mio of formal workers & 3.5 mioinformal workers covered by Social Protection from 29.5 mio and 1.3 miorespectively (2014)

Increase avg length of schooling to 8,8 years from 8,1 years (2013)Increase literacy rate to 96.1% from 94.1%(2013) Ratio of gross enrollment rate for secondary school between 20% rich and 20% poor to 0.9 from 0.85 (2012)

Increase electrification ratio to 96,6% from 81.5% (2014)

Decrease prevalence of preschoolers’ underweight to 17% from 19.6% (2013)Decrease prevalence of toddlers’ stunting to 28% from 32.9% (2013)Increase domestic food production

Increase gender development index from 69.6 (2013)Increase gender empowerment index from 70.5 (2013)Decrease prevalence of violence on children

8% economic growth from 5,1% (2014)8.6% growth of manufacturing sector from 4.7% (2014) contributing 21.6% of GDP (2014: 20,7%)10 mio new jobs created

Decrease maternal mortality rate to 309 per 100,000 live births from 346 (2010)Decrease infant mortality rate to 24 per 1,000 live births from 32 (2012)Decrease prevalence of HIV, TB, obesity, high blood pressure

Universal access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation from 70% and 60.9% respectively.

Increase power generation capacity to 86,6GW from 50.7GWBuild new roads, rail ways, airports, portsShorten dwelling time from 6‐7 days to 3‐4 days

SDGs vs 2019 RPJMN 2015‐2019 Targets

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Indonesia’s Mid Term Development Plan 2015-2019 has aligned with all 17 goals of SDGs.. (2)

Decrease gini ratio from 0.41(2014) to 0.36 (2019Increase contribution of non‐Java islands in GDP from 42% (2013) to 44.9% (2019)Decrease the number of underdeveloped villages by 5000 villages

Decrease greenhouse gas emission Increase environmental quality indexIncrease people’s awareness about extreme weather and disasters

Increase the percentage of children under 5 whose births have been registered with civil authority to 77.4% in 2019Increase the anti‐corruption index to 4.0 (2019) from 3.6 (201)

Eliminate urban slum areasDecrease housing backlog from 7.9 (2014) mio to 5 mio (2019)Increase share of urban public transportation from 23% (2014) to 32% (2019)

Decrease illegal fishing activities Increase the number of protected fish speciesIncrease marine protected area s from 15,7 mio ha (2014) to 20 mio ha (2019)

Increase tax ratio to from 11.4% (2014) to 16% (2019)Maintain fiscal resilience and fiscal sustainabilityIncrease the non oil and gas export growth by 14 .3% in 2019

Fuel Subsidy Reallocation

Additional forest rehabilitation: 750.000 ha in 2019Increase coverage of protected areas to 20 mio ha in 2019

SDGs vs 2019 RPJMN 2015‐2019 Targets

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PARTNERSHIPS

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Possible Future Partnership and Cooperation

CURRENT IMPORTANT ISSUES:

1. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) vs High Growth:It has been perceived that there is a trade‐off between one and another

2. Long‐term economic growth vs Short‐Term Economic Growth: It is agreed that in the long‐term SDGs will be beneficial to support high economic growth, but not in the short‐term. On the other hand, a short‐term growth is also important for most developing countries

SDGs: Higher concerns and targets on environmental and social issues

Slower Economic Growth: SDGs could slow‐down the rate of economic growth

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Possible Future Partnership and Cooperation

WHAT PARTNERSHIP AND COOPERATION SHOULD UN‐ESCAP UNDERTAKE?

UN‐ESCAP can look at the regional perspective and focus on how:

Developing economies can manage and minimize the trade‐off between environmental/social concerns and high economic growth. Managing the trade‐off needs innovative policy actions and intervention.

Developing economies can speed‐up the positive impact of implementing environmental/social development agenda on accelerated economic growth

GROWTH

High economic growth and improved welfare

Minimize the risk

Accelerating the positive impact

SDGs

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THANK YOU

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mainstreaming the 2030 agenda for sustainable … · 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004...

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