Malnutrition

•Kwashiorkor•Marasmus

•Cardiovascular diseases•Rickets

KWASHIORKORDo you know what Kwashiorkor is???

Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition caused by inadequate protein intake in the presence of fair to good energy (total calories) intake.

KWASHIORKORWhat are the symptoms?

•Failure to gain weight and failure of linear growth •Irritability •Lethargy or apathy •Decreased muscle mass •Swelling (edema) •Large belly that stick out (protrudes) •Diarrhea •Dermatitis •Hair changes -- hair colour may change, often lightening or becoming reddish, thin, or brittle •increased and more severe infections due to damaged immune system •Shock (late stage) •Coma (late stage)

MarasmusMarasmus is…

a form of severe protein-energy malnutrition characterised by energy deficiency

A child with marasmus looks emaciated and the body weight may reduce to less than 80% of the normal weight for that height.

Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1 whereas Kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18 months.

Symptoms??• dry skin, loose skin folds hanging over

the glutei, axillae, etc • Drastic loss of adipose tissue from

normal areas of fat deposits like buttocks and thighs

• pigmented and depigmented hair • flaky paint appearance of skin due to

peeling.

Cardiovascular Diseases

What Are They??

A collection of diseases and conditions affecting :

•The heart (cardio)

•Blood vessels (vascular) – arteries, veins, and capillaries

Cardiovascular Diseases

• Coronary Artery Disease – a disease of the arteries that supply the heart muscles with blood

• Heart attack – a sudden heart failure

• Stroke – the sudden death of brain cells when blood supply to the blood cells is cut off.

• High blood pressure – the excessive force of blood pumping through the blood vessels.

RicketsApa itu Rickets (What is Rickets)?

Rickets is a softening of the bones in children potentially leading to fractures and deformity. Rickets is among the most frequent childhood diseases in many developing countries. The predominant cause is a vitamin D deficiency, but lack of adequate calcium in the diet may also lead to rickets.

Symptoms of Rickets• Bone pain or tenderness • dental problems • muscle weakness (rickety myopathy

or "floppy baby syndrome") • increased tendency for fractures

(easily broken bones), • Skeletal deformity • Growth disturbance • Hypocalcaemia (low level of

calcium in the blood), and • Tetany (uncontrolled muscle

spasms all over the body). • Craniotabes (soft skull)

That is All….ByeBye