marvelous monday, march 14th turn-in homework take your seat begin your warm-up warm-up explain...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Happy Valentines Day, 2/14 Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up
Timed Writing
Explain the significance of the unification of Germany and Italy to
Europe. What were the positive effects? What were negative effects?
Explain.
10 min, essay style, as much as possible
![Page 2: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Today’s Agenda
Warm-Up/Class Discussion
Focus Notes – Finish Ch. 22
Homework – Finish Ch. 22 Reading Read, mark and annotate
article “the Whistle Blower Who Saved Dreyfus”
Finish any incomplete work for the chapter.
![Page 3: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EnglandEngland&&
FranceFranceDuring During La Belle La Belle
EpoqueEpoque
Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
![Page 4: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MODIFIED STANDARDMODIFIED STANDARD::
10.3 Analyze the effects of the 10.3 Analyze the effects of the I.R. in England and FranceI.R. in England and France
10.3. 4&610.3. 4&6Trace the evolution of work and Trace the evolution of work and labor, analyze the emergence of labor, analyze the emergence of capitalism and the reactions to capitalism and the reactions to capitalism (i.e. socialism, capitalism (i.e. socialism, communism, etc…)communism, etc…)
![Page 5: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Essential Essential QuestionQuestion::
How “democratic” How “democratic” did Britain & did Britain &
France become by France become by the beginningthe beginning
of the 20of the 20cc??
![Page 6: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
TheTheThirdThird
FrenchFrenchRepublic:Republic:
The Paris The Paris CommuneCommune
![Page 7: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Third French Republic Declared!
September, 1870 after France’s defeat at the Battle of Sedan.
Napoleon III abdicated the throne.
New government headed by Adolphe Thiers.
This new government continued the fight against the Germans who laid siege to Paris.
To defend Paris, a National Guard was raised numbering over 350,000.
France surrendered in February, 1871 after 40,000 Parisians died.
![Page 8: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Third French Republic
Thiers’ government was seen as: Too conservative. Too royalist. Too ready to accept a humiliating peace
with Prussia.
Prussian troops marched into Paris in March, 1871.
The French government established itself at Versailles, NOT in Paris.
Parisians were angered by this. They opposed the policies of this new
government. It attempted to restore order in Paris.
![Page 9: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Paris in Revolt!The Paris Commune [Communards]
was elected on March 28 and established itself at the Hôtel de Ville.
![Page 10: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Civil War!
Communards
Troops from Versailles
The Commune was suppressed by government troops led by Marshal Patrice MacMahon during the last week of May, 1871.
Known as the “Bloody Week.”
![Page 11: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Communards
![Page 12: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Paris City Hall Destroyed
![Page 13: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Attempted Communard Reforms
* Allowed trade unions & workers cooperatives to take over factories not in use and start them up again.
* Set up unemployment exchanges in town halls.
* Provide basic elementary education for all they were strongly against church-controlled schools.
* Attempted to set up girls schools.* Day nurseries near factories for
working mothers.
Too little time to accomplish much!
![Page 14: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
First Communist Revolution?
It served as an inspiration
to later revolutionaries like Vladimir
Lenin.
* 25,000 Communards killed.
* 35,000 were arrested.
![Page 15: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Communard Casualties
![Page 16: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
TheTheThirdThird
FrenchFrenchRepublic:Republic:
Government Government StructureStructure
![Page 17: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Declaring the3rd French Republic
![Page 18: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
An Overview of the3rd French Republic
Politically very unstable. Rivalry between monarchists and
republicans. A number of scandals:
The Boulanger Affair. The Panama Canal Scandal. The Dreyfus Affair [L’Affaire]
Because there were so many factions, all governments were coalitions.
Still, it survived longer than any other regime since 1789!
![Page 19: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Marvelous Monday, 2/24 Take your seat Take out the “Dreyfus Affair” Article Begin Warm-Up
Warm-Up
Discuss the main ideas of the questions below then write respond to them in 1-2 paragraphs (due tomorrow)
How does this event reflect the anti-Semitism of the late 19th early 20th Century? Do you agree with the
authors conclusion that Picquart is a “whistle blower” and a martyr to
justice?
![Page 20: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Today’s Agenda
Warm-Up/Class Discussion
Document sets?????
Focus Notes – Finish Ch. 22
Homework – Read and mark ppt handout Finish the notes if we do not finish them
in class up to slide 42 Catch up on any incomplete work
![Page 21: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Constitution* The President:
Head of state little political power. Right to dissolve the Chamber of
Deputies with the support of the Senate.
Right to nominate the new head of government.
Played an important role in foreign affairs.
* The Senate: Elected by mayors & councillors in
the counties throughout France. Nicknamed the “Chamber of
Agriculture” because the countryside was over represented.
![Page 22: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Constitution* The Senate:
Senators elected every nine years. Very conservative body able to block
progressive legislation.
* The Chamber of Deputies: Chosen every four years. 600 members elected by universal male
suffrage. There was no organized party system. Major political groupings in the
Chamber: Socialists many were Marxists. Moderate Republicans middle class. Radicals anti-clerical. Monarchists Catholics, Bonapartists, etc.
![Page 23: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
TheTheThirdThird
FrenchFrenchRepublic:Republic:
ScandalsScandals
![Page 24: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
1. The Boulanger Affair
* Bonapartism without a Bonaparte.
* Most of the army was dominated by monarchists.
* BUT, the Minister of War, General Georges Boulanger, was a republican.
![Page 25: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
1. The Boulanger Affair* Very popular with the troops
the government was suspicious and removed him in 1887.
![Page 26: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
1. The Boulanger Affair
* Now a national figure, he was the focal point of conservative opposition to the republican government.
Was part of a plot to overthrow the Republic.
Was summoned to trial, but he fled to Belgium where he committed suicide on the grave of his mistress.
* Boulanger’s fall increased public confidence in the Republic.
![Page 27: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
2. The Panama Canal Scandal : Ferdinand de
Lesseps* President of the
French Company that worked on the Panama Canal.
Govt. officials took bribes from the company to withhold news from the public that it was in serious economic debt.
One billion francs affecting 800,000 investors.
![Page 28: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2. The Panama Canal Scandal : Ferdinand de
Lesseps* All but one of the accused went
unpunished due to lack of evidence.
* Anti-Semitism: Two German Jews were also
involved they received the most press coverage.
* Results: The scandal proved to the public
that the Republic was corrupt. It created a climate of anti-
Semitism that would increase in time.
![Page 29: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
3. The Dreyfus Affair
* In 1894 a list of French military documents [called a bordereau] were found in the waste basket of the German Embassy in Paris.
* French counter-intelligence suspected Captain Alfred Dreyfus, from a wealthy Alsatian Jewish family he was one of the few Jews on the General Staff.
![Page 30: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
3. The Dreyfus Affair
* Dreyfus was tried, convicted of treason, and sent to Devil’s Island in French Guiana.
* The real culprit was a Major Esterhazy, whose handwriting was the same as that on the bordereau.
The government tried him and found him not guilty in two days.
![Page 31: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
3. The Dreyfus Affair
* A famous author, Emile Zola, published an open letter called J’Accuse!
He accused the army of a mistrial and cover-up.
The government prosecuted him for libel.
Found him guilty sentenced to a year in prison.
![Page 32: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
J’Accuse!
![Page 33: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
3. The Dreyfus Affair
DreyfusardsAnti-
Dreyfusards
* Public opinion was divided it reflected the divisions in Fr. society.
* The Dreyfusards were anti-clericals, intellectuals, free masons, & socialists.
* For Anti-Dreyfusards, the honor of the army was more important than Dreyfus’ guilt or innocence.
Were army supporters, monarchists, & Catholics.
![Page 34: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Dreyfus, the Traitor!
![Page 35: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
3. The Dreyfus Affair
* Dreyfus finally got a new trial in 1899.
* He was brought back from Devil’s Island white-haired and broken.
* Results: Found guilty again, BUT with
extenuating circumstances. Was given a presidential pardon. Exonerated completely in 1906. Served honorably in World War I. Died in 1935.
![Page 36: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
The Zionist Movement
Theodore Herzl[1860-1904]
* Was motivated by the Dreyfus trial to write the book, Der Judenstaat, orThe Jewish State in 1896.
* Creates the First Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland.
* “Father of Modern Zionism.”
* Was motivated by the Dreyfus trial to write the book, Der Judenstaat, orThe Jewish State in 1896.
* Creates the First Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland.
* “Father of Modern Zionism.”
![Page 37: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
New Wave of Anti-Catholicism
* The anti-clerical, republican left took power in the National Assembly in 1879.
This anti-Catholicism was a remnant of the French Revolution.
They stayed in power until 1914.
* Ferry Laws [1879-1885]: Named after Jules
Ferry, one of the ablest politicians of the 3rd Republic.
Were the first majorattempt at educationalreform.
![Page 38: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Ferry Laws* Only the State could grant degrees.* Free education in public primary
schools.* Religious instruction was excluded
from the State school curriculum.* Unauthorized religious orders
[Marists, Dominicans, and Jesuits, who were eventually expelled from France] were forbidden to teach.
* Authorized Catholic orders could NOT teach in French public schools.
* State improved training of teachers.
They created a deep division between Church and State!
![Page 39: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
TheTheThirdThird
FrenchFrenchRepublic:Republic:
Foreign PolicyForeign Policy
![Page 40: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Aims of French Foreign Policy
1. To regain the provinces of Alsace & Lorraine lost to Germany in 1871.
2. To end her isolation in international affairs after the Franco-Prussian War.
3. To expand her colonial empire and regain some of her prestige lost after the Franco-Prussian War.
![Page 41: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
A National Trauma: France’s Loss of Alsace-
Lorraine
![Page 42: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
French Colonial Empire
* The empire set up under the 3rd Republic was the greatest France had ever possessed.
* Jules Ferry played a huge role in French empire building.
* Ironically, two-thirds of the missionary priests outside Europe were French!
* By 1914, France was the second largest colonial power in the world and the largest in Africa.
![Page 43: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
France’s Colonial Empire
![Page 44: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
1889 Paris Exposition* World’s Fair held in honor of the
French Revolution Centennial.
* The Eiffel Tower, completed in 1889, served as the entrance to the Fair.
![Page 45: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
1889 Paris Exposition:Gallery of Machinery
![Page 46: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
VictorianVictorianEnglandEngland
![Page 47: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Britain: 1850-1870s* The most prosperous period in
British history. Unprecedented economic growth. Heyday of free trade. New fields of expansion
shipbuilding from wood to iron. By 1870, Britain’s carrying trade
enjoyed a virtual monopoly.
Br. engineers were building RRs all over the world.
Br.’s foreign holdings nearly doubled.
* BUT, Britain’s prosperity didn’t do away with political discontent!
![Page 48: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
The “Victorian Compromise”
* Both Tories and Whigs had considered the 1832 Reform Bill as the FINAL political reform.
* Therefore, the aims of the two political parties seemed indistinguishable.
* But, by the 1860s, the middle class and working class had grown they wanted the franchise expanded!
* This era saw the realignment of political parties in the House of Commons:
Tory Party Conservative Party under Benjamin Disraeli.
Whig Party Liberal Party under William Gladstone.
![Page 49: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
The Two “Great Men”
* William Gladstone, Liberal Prime Minister
1868-1874 1880-1885 1886 1892-1894
* Benjamin Disraeli, Conservative Prime Minister
1868 1874-1880
![Page 50: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
The 2nd Reform Bill - 1867
* In 1866, Gladstone introduced a moderate reform bill that was defeated by the Conservatives.
* A more radical reform bill was introduced by Disraeli in 1867, passed largely with some Liberal support.
![Page 51: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
* Disraeli’s Goals: Give the Conservative Party control over
the reform process. Labor would be grateful and vote
Conservative.
* Components of the Bill: Extended the franchise by 938,427 an
increase of 88%. Vote given to male householders and male
lodgers paying at least £10 for room. Eliminated rotten boroughs with fewer than
10,000 inhabitants. Extra representation in Parliament to larger
cities like Liverpool & Manchester.
* This ended the “Victorian Compromise.”
The 2nd Reform Bill - 1867
![Page 52: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
The 2nd Reform Bill - 1867
![Page 53: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881)
* A dandy and a romance novelist.
* A brilliant debater.* Baptized by his
father into the Anglican Church.
* BUT, he was the first & only Prime Minister of Jewish parentage.
* A strong imperialist. “Greater
England” foreign policy.
* Respected by Queen Victoria.
![Page 54: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
William Gladstone (1809-1898)
* An active legislator and reformer.
* Known for his populist speeches.
* Could be preachy.* Queen Victoria
couldn’t stand him.* Tried to deal with
the “Irish Question.”
* Supported a “Little England” foreign policy.
![Page 55: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Gladstone’s 1st Ministry Goals: [“Gladstonianism”]
1. Decrease public spending.2. Reform laws that prevented
people from acting freely to improve themselves.
He’s against privilege & supports a meritocracy.
Protect democracy through education.
3. Promote peace abroad to help reduce spending and taxation, and to help enhance trade.
Low tariffs. All political questions are
moral questions!
![Page 56: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Gladstone’s 1st Ministry Accomplishments:
1868: Army reform peacetime flogging was illegal.
1869: Disestablishment Act Irish Catholics did not have to pay taxes to support the Anglican Church in Ireland.
1870: Education Act elementary education made available to Welsh & English children between 5-13 years.
1870: Irish Land Act curtailed absentee Protestant landowners from evicting their Irish Catholic tenants without compensation.
1871: University Test Act non-Anglicans could attend Br. universities.
![Page 57: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Gladstone’s 1st Ministry Accomplishments (con’t.):
1872: Ballot Act secret ballot for local and general elections.
1872: The settlement of the CSS Alabama claims [from the American Civil War] in America’s favor.
1873: Legislation was passed that restructured the High Courts.
Civil service exams introduced for many government positions.
![Page 58: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Disraeli’s 2nd Ministry
Accomplishments: Domestic Policy
1875: Artisans Dwelling Act govt. would define minimum housing standards.
1875: Public Health Act govt. to create a modern sewer system in the big cities & establish a sanitary code.
1875: Pure Food & Drug Act. 1875: Climbing Boys Act
licenses only given to adult chimney sweeps.
1875: Conspiracy & Protection of Property Act allowed peaceful picketing.
![Page 59: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Disraeli’s 2nd MinistryAccomplishments:
Domestic Policy 1876: Education Act 1878: Employers & Workmen Act
allowed workers to sue employers in civil courts if they broke legal contracts.
![Page 60: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Gladstone’s 2nd Ministry
Accomplishments: Domestic Policy
1884 Reform Bill Extended the franchise to
agricultural laborers. Gave the counties the same
franchise as the boroughs. Added 6,000,000 to the total
number who could vote in parliamentary elections.
1885: Redistribution of Seats Act changes M.P. seats in Commons to reflect new demographic changes.
![Page 61: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Gladstone’s Last Ministries
3rd Ministry: 1886 First introduced an Irish Home
Rule Bill. This issue split the Liberal Party. Gladstone lost his position in a
few months.
4th Ministry: 1892-1894 1893: Reintroduced a Home
Rule Bill. Provided for an Irish Parliament. Did NOT offer Ireland
independence! Passed by the Commons, but
rejected in the House of Lords.
![Page 62: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Home Rule for Ireland??
Gladstone debates Home Rule in Commons.
![Page 63: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Women’s Social & Political Union
[W.S.P.U.]
![Page 64: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Emmeline Pankhurst* 1858-1928.* Her husband & children were all
involved in the suffrage movement.* They became militants & were
arrested and imprisoned.* 1917: She and her
daughter, Christabel, formed the Women’s Party in 1917:
Equal pay for equal work. Equal marriage & divorce
laws. Equality of rights &
opportunities in public service. A national system of maternity
benefits.
![Page 65: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Representation of the People Act (1918)
* Women over 30 got the right to vote.
* All men gained suffrage.
Property qualifications were completely eliminated!
* Reform Act of 1928
Women over 21 years of age gained the right to vote at last!
![Page 66: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
VictorianVictorianEngland:England:
Foreign PolicyForeign Policy
![Page 67: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
The Foreign Policy Debate
“Big England”
Policy
“Little England”
Policy
* Disraeli* Conservative
Party* England must
be the greatest colonial power.
* Spend £ on supporting the empire.
* Gladstone.* Liberal Party.* England must
invest in her own people at home.
* Try negotiations, rather than costly military solutions.
![Page 68: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
VictorianVictorianEngland:England:
Foreign PolicyForeign PolicyIssuesIssues
![Page 69: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
1. “Scramble for Africa”
* 1869: Disraeli pushed for the completion of the Suez Canal.
![Page 70: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
1. “Scramble for Africa”
* Gladstone opposed the “Mad Scramble.”
* 1880-1881: First Boer War in South Africa [Gladstone].
![Page 71: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
1. “Scramble for Africa”
* 1884-1885: Mahdi uprising in the Sudan [Gladstone].
Muhammad Ahmad “al-
Mahdi”
Charles Gordon “Pasha”
![Page 72: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
2. Middle East
* 1878-1880: Second Anglo-Afghan War
![Page 73: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Congress of Berlin (1878)
* Purpose Great Powers & Ottomans met to settle issues from the Russo-Turkish War.
* Disraeli represented England.
![Page 74: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Keep the “Sick Man of Europe” in Good Health!
![Page 75: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
3. India: The British Raj
The new “Empress of India” receiving the “Jewel in the Crown” of her Empire.
![Page 76: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Britain Is Everywhere!
![Page 77: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire
![Page 78: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
England’s Economic Decline?
(1870s-1914) Germany & the U. S. became England’s
chief economic rivals. Influx of cheap agricultural products
from overseas caused a rapid decline in British farming.
Germany & U. S. overtake Britain in basic iron & steel production.
England’s share of world trade fell from 23% in 1876 to 15% in 1913.
British science & technological education lagged behind Germany.
England is slow to modernize her aging industrial infrastructure.
England clings to free trade while everyone else is erecting tariff walls.
![Page 79: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Fabianism A British socialist intellectual
movement founded in the mid-1880s. Purpose advance socialism by
working through the political system, not through revolution.
Laid the foundations for the British Labour Party.
Famous Fabian Society members:
George Bernard Shaw. H. G. Wells. Sidney & Beatrice
Webb. Emmeline Pankhurst. Bertram Russell. John Maynard Keynes.
![Page 80: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
* Founded in 1900 by the Scotsman, Keir Hardie.
The growth of labor unions gave voice to socialism in Britain.
By 1906, it won 26 seats in Commons.
Had to form a political coalition with the Liberal Party.
By the 1920s, Labour would replace the Liberals as on of the two major British political parties.
The British Labour Party
![Page 81: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
* Labour’s Political Agenda: Gradual socialization of key
industries & utilities. Workman’s Compensation Act. State employment bureaus. Minimum wage set. Aid to dependent children & the
elderly. Old age pension to all over 70. National Insurance Act.
The Beginnings of the “Welfare State”?
How to pay for all of this??
![Page 82: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
* The Liberals dominated government from 1906 to 1924.
* The Liberal Chancellor of the Exchequer, David Lloyd George, presented a “People’s Budget” in 1911.
Increase income taxes for those in the higher brackets.
Raise the inheritance tax.
* The House of Lords rejected this budget.
The “People’s Budget”
![Page 83: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
* A political crisis. WHY? Lords had traditionally approved
all revenue bills passed by the Commons in the past.
By threatening to create enough new Liberal peer to control that chamber, King George V forced the House of Lords to pass this bill!!
* Also known as the 4th Reform Bill.* Provisions:
Lords could not defeat a bill passed three times by Commons.
Lords can’t hold up revenue bills for more than one month.
Members of Commons would be paid a salary.
The Parliament Act of 1911
![Page 84: Marvelous Monday, March 14th Turn-in Homework Take your seat Begin your Warm-Up Warm-Up Explain Nietzsche main premise in the excerpts that you read](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56649eab5503460f94bb1417/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Summary Summary QuestionQuestion::
Who was more Who was more “democratic” at “democratic” at
the beginningthe beginningof the 20of the 20c c —Britain —Britain
OR France?OR France?