matter matter unit review for district assessment by: amaya n. dixon date: 10.15.15
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Matter
Matter Unit Review for District Assessment
By: Amaya N. DixonDate: 10.15.15
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1. Color
2. Length
3. Height
4. Odor/Smell
5. Volume
6. Density
7. Mass
Did you know?
★ Extensive properties, such as Mass and Volume, depend on the amount of matter being measured.
★ Intensive properties, such as Density and Color, don’t depend on the amount of a substance present.
★ Physical properties can be measured without changing a substance's chemical identity.
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Question #1 7 Physical Properties of Matter
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Question #2 Examples of How Matter Changes Physically
Water - Liquid, Ice, Clouds
Moving between a Solid, a Liquid, and a Gas: This process involves adding heat energy, but does not change the molecular structure of the substance.
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What is physical change?
Any change that occurs without altering the chemical composition of a substance.
Spices
Grinding something into a powder or making a lump out of something: By doing this you change somethings shape and size.
Magnets
Magnetizing metal
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Question 3 Examples of How Matter Change Chemically ?
What is a chemical change?
Chemical change is any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances
Caramel : The heat from the
cooking converts to sugar molecules into different molecules
that give caramel its color and flavor.
Carbonation:
When two or more
substances combine
together in a
carbonated chemical
reaction
Sugar: When you dissolve
sugar in water the
sugar dissociates into
its ions, so a chemical
change occurs
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Question# 4 What is a Mixture?
A mixture is a material system made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically. A mixture refers to the physical combination of two or more substances on which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form
of solutions, suspensions, and colloids.
Examples
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Colloid
Solution
Mixture
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Question# 5 Tools and ways to Separate Mixtures:
Wood & Rice
You could use your fingers or chopsticks to pick out the wood pieces then add water and stir the rice so that the wood floats to the top then pick it of the top.
Water & Sand
Heat up the pan and wait until the water evaporates. Sand will be left at the bottom because it never dissolved with the water in the first place.
Water & Salt
Boil the solution until all the water has evaporated. The salt is too heavy to evaporate with the water therefore it will remain in the container
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Question# 6 & 7What is a Solution
A solution is defined as a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is evenly distributed inside the major component (the solvent).
Why are Solutions considered a special type of Mixture?
Example Sand vs. Sugar
★ Sugar dissolves and is spread throughout the glass of water, however the sand sinks to the bottom.
★ The sugar-water is a homogenous mixture while the sand-water is a heterogeneous mixture.
★ Both are mixtures, but only the sugar-water can also be called a solution, This is because the molecules of the solute are evenly distributed among the solvent.
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Questions 8 & 9 Solubility Solubility is defined as the property of matter (solid, liquid, gas) to dissolve in a solvent.
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Do all properties change when one substance dissolves in another?
No, many of the properties change such as taste, color, concentration, boiling point, & freezing point. Even though it’s a solution the changes are still physical because no chemical reaction has occurred.
There is an exception to every rule, example: Kool Aid (powder), Sugar, & Water vs. Baking Soda & Vinegar
If you mix each one together you’ll see the difference, one fizzes and the other doesn’t. Why? Because one is a physical change and the other is chemical.
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Questions 10 & 11
Dissolving Substances
Water & Salt
★ Boil the solution until all the water has evaporated.
★ The salt is too heavy to evaporate with the water therefore it will remain in the container.
Water & Sugar
★ Boil the solution until all the water has evaporated.
★ The sugar is too heavy to evaporate with the water therefore it will remain in the container.
When you dissolve sugar or salt in water, why doesn’t the mass of the substance change?
The crystals do not disappear but are broken down into smaller pieces that are not visible to the naked eye. 9
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Question#12 Sink or Float?
How does mass and volume determine if an object will sink or float?
You must calculate them together to determine the object's density compared to the liquid it will be placed in.
★If volume is higher than mass an object will float
★Same if they are the same an object will suspend
★If mass is higher than volume an object will sink 10
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Question#13 Density block experiments and Tools
Density Blocks
1.Pine
2.Oak
3.PVC
4.Aluminum
5.Acrylic
6.Steel
7.Brass
8.Copper
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Materials
1.Triple Beam Balance
2. Graduated Cylinder or beaker
Tub of Water
Tongs
Paper Towels
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Question#14 Particle arrangement Mixture Vs. Solution
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In a mixture particles are arranged
Concentration of the substance mixture is Random
Unevenly distributed throughout
Easily separated
In a solution particles are
arranged Uniform compositionEvenly distributed
throughoutNot easily separated
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Question#15 If pieces of a mixture are separated into layers
is it also a solution ?
No, it's not a solution, because in a solution the particles are evenly mixed and if it's in layers then they are not mixed at all.
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Question#16 Properties that change and that don't
Example: Lemonade
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Two that don't
change
1.Saturation
point2.
Amount of
liquid
Things that
Change
1. Concentratio
n
2. Color
3. Taste
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Question #17 & 18 Volume and Tools used to Measure
Volume is defined as the amount of space an object occupies
Tools used measure
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Graduated Cylinder
Measuring SpoonsMeasuring Cup
Beaker
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Question #19 What is Buoyancy
Buoyancy is defined as the tendency of an object to float in liquid or air
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Questions 20, 21, & 22 Mass
Mass is defined as the amount of matter in an object.
Tools used for Mass
1. Bathroom scale
2. triple beam balance
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How is Weight different from Mass?
★ Mass and weight are measured the same, with a bathroom scale.
★ But, masses definition is the amount of matter in an object and weights is how much gravity is weighing down on an object.
★ Mass is measured in grams and weight is measured in Newtons
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Question#23 & 24 What is Density and Tools used to Find it
Density is defined as the amount of matter (mass) in a specific amount of space
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Graduated Cylinder
Tools used find It
Beaker
Measuring Cup
Measuring Spoons
Triple Beam Balance
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Question #25 Process of Condensation
Condensation is a process where water molecules of gas slow down and come together to form a liquid.
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Question #26 & 27
Model of Solid, Liquid, and Gas Molecules
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Heat Increasing
Decreasing Heat
Solid Observations: Molecules are orderly and dense. Have a definite shape and volume
Liquid State Observations: Molecules are disorderly and slightly less dense. Have a definite volume and take on the shape of the container
Gas State Observations: Molecules are disorderly and must lower density. Do not have a definite shape and volume