mdg #8 workshop slides

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Sarajean Rossitto

MDG #8

ID Issues 1

Class 8

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+Todays schedule

1. Intro discussion: MDG #8

2. How well are the targets for MDG #8 being met?

3. Readings discussion

4. Discussion on cases related to collaboration

5. Group project discussion

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What is MDG #8?What are the targets & indicators?Why are these important?

+Review of the status of MDG #8

Data comes from UN Association of the USAILO MDG information sheetMDG Gap Task Force ReportMDG 2008 progress report.

Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development.

Inadequate support in meeting commitments towards the MDG target of addressing the

special needs of least developed countries (LDCs), providing more generous official development assistance (ODA) for

countries committed to poverty reduction.

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Meeting the United Nations 0.7 percent target

NOTES: In 2007, total net aid flows from members of OECD’s

Development Assistance Committee (DAC) fell the only countries to reach or exceed the target 0.7 % of GNI were

Denmark, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. (ILO)

Only Belgium, Ireland and the United Kingdom have met the target of providing at least 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of their GNI in aid to the LDCs. (ILO)

$103.7 billion, represents 0.28 per cent of the combined national income of the developed countries (GAP report) (ILO)

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Meeting the United Nations 0.7 percent target

NOTES:

Assistance from developed countries decreased by a third in the 1990s. (UNAUSA)

Official development assistance (ODA) continued to drop from an all-time high of $107.1 billion in 2005, to $103.7 billion in 2007. (ILO)

Aid flows need to increase by $18 billion per year to meet the promise made by the G8 in 2005 of doubling aid by 2010 . (ILO)

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Target: Develop further an open trading and financial system that is rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory. Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction—nationally and internationally.

NOTES:

The increase in duty-free access of LDCs to developed country markets falls well short of the target.

Market access increased slightly between 1996 and 2006, but this improvement has only been very moderate for the LDCs once trade in arms and oil products is excluded (GAP report)

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Target: Address the least developed countries’ special needs. This includes tariff- and quota-free access for their exports, enhanced debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries, cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous official development assistance for countries committed to poverty reduction.

NOTES:

Agricultural subsidies in OECD countries remain high, affecting the prospects for developing country agriculture (GAP report)

The World Bank believes that full liberalization of trade could help 300 million people rise out of poverty. (UNAUSA)

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Target: Address the special needs of landlocked and small island developing states.

NOTES:

In 2001, landlocked countries received only 6% of all official development assistance. (UNAUSA)

The proportion of ODA for LLDCs has not changed much. (Gap report)

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Target: Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt problems through national and international measures to make debt sustainable in the long term.

NOTES: the average burden of servicing external debt fell from almost 13 % of

export earnings in 2000 to 7 % in 2006 for developing nations. This creates a better environment for investment and allows them to devote more resources to reducing poverty. (ILO)

In 2006, 10 developing countries spent more on debt service than on public education, and in 52 countries debt servicing amounted to more than the public health budget. (GAP report)

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Target: In cooperation with the developing countries, develop decent and productive work for youth.

NOTES:

In 2002, 74 million young people (15 to 24) were unemployed. They account for 41% of unemployed people globally. (UNAUSA)

Between 1995 and 2002 the number of unemployed 15 - 24 year olds rose by 16 million. (UNAUSA)

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Target: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries.

NOTES from the Gap report: Difficult to assess progress towards this commitment due

to the lack of a defined quantitative target. A wide variation in prices make essential medicines

unaffordable to poor people. The public sector availability of essential medicines covers

only 1/3 of needs, while private sector availability covers about 2/3.

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Target: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies—especially information and communications technologies.

Notes: In developing countries there are 87 telephone mainlines per 1,000 people. (UNAUSA)

In developed countries, 58 per cent of people used the Internet in 2006, compared to 11 per cent in developing countries and 1 per cent in the least developed countries. (ILO)

There has been some rapid progress in bridging the gap on the mobile phone sector, but large gaps remain in improving access to the internet and key technologies that are essential to increase productivity, sustain economic growth and improve service delivery in areas like health and education.(ILO)

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BUT there are some positive notes:

Tanzania => debt relief saving were used to abolish primary school fees (in 2002), build 30,000 new classrooms and 1,000 schools, and hire 18,000 additional trained teachers. RESULTS: children enrolled in mainland primary schools climbed from 58.7 % in 1990 to 94.8 % in 2006.

Mozambique => debt relief savings were used to vaccinate 1million children against tetanus, whooping cough and diphtheria, to fight AIDS.

Kenya => the availability of the more effective, but more expensive, malaria drug, artemether-lumefantrine, increased dramatically in 2006 due to financial support received through the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

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+Focusing on aid and collaboration

What is the purpose of aid?

What are the goals of collaboration?

+Reading discussion - Aid

1. MDG progress report 2008 report on Goal #8

2. 2008 DATA report => country reports

3. The curse of aid

4. Packet of MDG #8 info

5. Study on Aid effectiveness

6. Making aid accountable & effective

7. AID and MDGs

8. The Aid Racket + Aid Peddlers and Aid Addicts

9. AIDS and aid effectiveness

What are the targets?

What are the responsibilities of developed countries?

What are the responsibilities of developing nations?

Are the targets being met? Why / Why not?

ARTICLES TOPICS

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+Partnerships & CollaborationPartnerships & Collaboration

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+Collaboration discussion

What are the benefits of collaboration?

What are challenges of collaboration?

What are some of the necessary elements of effective collaborative?

Do government organizations often collaborate with such groups in your country? Why/why not?

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+NGO and inter-governmental Collaboration

Nature of collaboration Direct funding, grants for services NGOs implement G projects Local, National and international levels More collaboration at the local level: Why do you

think this is true?

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+CollaborationWhy work together? One organization recognizes that alone it does not have the capability or

people power to have a real impact on an issue.

Issues often are complex and need to be attacked from a number of angles

Audiences are large, to accomplish a goal, representation must be broadened

Community connection of NGOs can be more effective

Diffuse political issues from a project

G infrastructure and capacity, bureaucracy can be slow

Information and resource sharing

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+CollaborationBenefits/advantages: Access to diverse resources Supplement each others resources Connection to community Access to diverse stakeholders Most vulnerable can be brought in Share information Share networks, contacts

• broaden the audience Make up for each others weaknesses More outreach, visibility More legitimacy

improve the capacity for outreach to citizens, interest groups, media and policy-makers.

= more power= more potential impact

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+CollaborationChallenges/Problems: Leadership - who? Decision-making => formal and informal Autonomy of organizations Uneven resources Unequal relationships Political vs. nonpolitical organizations Uneven funding Control of agenda Bureaucratic control Real partnerships are hard to forge Disagreement on methods and ways of dealing with other issues Association with organizations, with different missions, values and

org. cultures Status of CS sector in the country?

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+Collaboration

Elements and principles:• voluntary agreement • between two or more parties • to achieve a common purpose or undertake a specific task • share risks, responsibilities, resources, competencies and b

enefits - but to different extents• share roles, data and information

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+Collaboration

Partnerships and collaborations can take place at every level: Local G & CBO Local G & INGO Local G & International G agencies National G & CBO National G & INGO National G & International G agencies International G agencies & CBO International G agencies & INGO International G agencies & national Gs

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Case studies reviewCase studies review

Example #1 JOICFP

Partners- local government / NGOs

Level - domestic / international

Issue - health care support

Goals - better access

Actions - get bikes from city,

- transport through company

- distribute to GR NGO

Impacts- bike ambulances

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Case review - Group work

Groups of 3 – mixed cases – share what you learn: Introduce the case Who is collaborating? What is the purpose? What are their roles and functions? Benefits? Challenges? How would each of the partners be limited if they worked alone?

(3min per person)

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Case review - discussion

Why collaborating? Challenges? Gains? How would each of the partners be limited if they worked

alone? What can be learned from these cases? What is the impact of partnerships? What can be applied to your situation?

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Case review - discussion

Why collaborating? For your projetc what types of collbaorations will be necessary

or useful?


What is the significance of MDG #8?

Comments on how well are these goals being met?

What do you think some of the challenges are?

What are the expected impacts of these challenges?

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+Wrap-up comments

G’s alone will not bring about change.

National leaders make commitments for political reasons and PR

Most issues require some type of policy or agenda change to have a real concrete impact.

Business needs to be pressured more.

CSO need to take on more responsibility and advocate for change.

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+Assignment for class 9

Group projects

Work on your paper and group presentation preparation.

All papers (please send in word!) and powerpoint files should be sent by noon on the Monday before class – July 9.

Please include your name on the papers!

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+Assignment for class 9

Readings:

Take one case => example of a project or story where poverty is being alleviated

“Pray they’ll go back to hell” => The market women of Liberia, how women brought about peace.

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+Thanks for your attention and hard work!

Spend the remaining time talking about the projects.

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mdg #8 workshop slides

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