me 221 mechanical measurement and meterology question … · explain in detail various types of...

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ME 221 Mechanical Measurement and Meterology

Question bank – Midterm

Chapter 1

1. What are the uses of measurement?

2. What is legal metrology?

3. What are the objectives of metrology

4. What are the basic components of a measuring system?

5. Define the term Sensitivity of an instrument.

6. Differentiate between precision and accuracy.

7. Define the term reliability.

8. Give any four methods of measurement.

9. Give classification of measuring instruments.

10. Define Span.

11. Distinguish between repeatability and reproducibility.

12. Define error.

13. Distinguish between static and random error?

14. What are the sources of error?

15. Write short note on “Systematic errors”.

16. What are the factors affecting the accuracy of the measuring system?

17. Write short notes on the classification of error




18. Explain the need for measurement

19. Differentiate between precision and accuracy with suitable example.

20. State the requirements for an instrument to measure accurately.

21. What are the various possible sources of errors in measurements? What do you understand by systematic error and random errors?

22. Explain in detail various types of errors that may arise in engineering measurements and the ways to control it.

23. Explain in detail the legal metrology

24. Explain the need of precision and accuracy in metrology

25. Explain the general measurement system with sketch

Chapter 3

26. Briefly explain the need to specify tolerance on components.

27. Define unilateral and bilateral tolerances. Give examples for each.

28. Explain why a unilateral tolerance system is generally preferred over bilateral system.

29. Distinguish between tolerance and allowance.

30. Explain the following terms: (a) Limits (b) Fundamental deviation (c) Fundamental tolerance

31. Define fit and with the help of neat sketches, explain the different types of fits.

32. What are the essential conditions to obtain clearance and interference fits?

33. Differentiate between hole basis and shaft basis systems.

34. Explain the effect of work tolerance on manufacturing cost.




35. Explain why hole basis system is generally preferred.

36. With a neat sketch, discuss compound tolerance.

37. Define the following terms:

(a) Basic size

(b) Zero line

(c) Tolerance zone

(d) International tolerance grade

(e) Tolerance class

(f) Upper and lower deviations

38. What do you mean by accumulation of tolerances? Explain how it can be overcome.

39. Give a detailed classification of fits.

40. Discuss geometric tolerances.

41. Explain the different types of geometric tolerances and symbolically represent them.

42. How will you write the fit: shaft ‘m’ of grade 5 and hole ‘H’ of grade 11 and the basic size is 40 mm?

43. What is zero line

44. Define: upper deviation, lower deviation and fundamental deviation.

45. What is meant by term ‘fit’. Explain the various type of fits.

46. Why is it impossible to obtain an exact dimension.

47. Explain the difference between tolerance and allowance

48. Why do manufacturing processes produce parts with such a wide range of tolerance?

49. A medium force fit on a 75 mm shaft requires a hole tolerance and shaft tolerance each equal to .225 mm and an average interference of 0.0375 mm. Determine the proper hole and shaft dimension with the basis hole standard.




50. A 75 mm shaft rotates in a bearing. The tolerance for both shaft and bearing is 0.075 mm and the required allowance is 0.10 mm. Determine the dimension of the shaft, and the bearing bore with the basis hole standard.

51. In a limit system, the following limits are specified to give a clearance fit between a shaft and a hole:

52. A hole and shaft have a basic size of 25 mm, and are to have a clearance fit with a maximum clearance of 0.02 mm and a minimum clearance of 0.01 mm. The hole tolerance is to be 1.5 times the shaft tolerance. Determine: limit for both hole and shaft (a) using a hole basis system (b) using a shaft basis system.

53. Tolerances for a hole and shaft assembly having a nominal size of 50 mm are as follows: +0.02 −0.05

Hole = 50 +0.00 mm and shaft = 50 −0.08 mm

Determine the following: (a) Maximum and minimum clearances (b) Tolerances on shaft and hole (c) Allowance (d) Fundamental deviation of hole and shaft (e) Type of fit

54. Determine the type of fit

Chapter 4

54. Why are calipers and dividers called dimension transfer instruments?

55. List the important considerations for the design of linear measurement instruments.

56. When do you prefer cast iron surface plates over granite surface plates and vice versa?

57. What is the main purpose of a ‘V-block’? What is the basis for their classification?




58. How is a scale different from a rule?

59. What are the common errors associated with measurements using a steel rule?

60. How do you measure the depth of a hole or recess using a depth gauge? What are the limitations of this instrument?

61. How do you employ a combination set to measure the following? (a) Height (b) Angle of a surface (c) Centre of a bar stock

62. Give a classification of callipers. Illustrate with sketches the different types of callipers.

63. Differentiate using sketches the measurements of inside and outside dimensions using a vernier calliper.

64. Discuss the guidelines to be followed for the proper use of a vernier calliper.

65. Explain the working principle of a dial calliper.

66. What are the major benefits of an electronic digital calliper?

67. Explain how a micrometer conforms to Abbe’s law.

68. Write a note on the types of micrometers.

69. Why are slip gauges called ‘Johansson gauges’? 19. Explain the phenomenon involved in ‘wringing’ of slip gauges. 20.

70. What is the significance of calibration of slip gauges?

me 221 mechanical measurement and meterology question … · explain in detail various types of...

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