medical terminology - kirim

7/25/2019 Medical Terminology - Kirim

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INTRODUCTION OFMEDICAL

TERMINOLOGY Wijoyo Halim



Why Study Med Terminology?

• Because it is based mainly on Greekand Latin words, medical terminologyis consistent and uniform throughoutthe world

• Ecient, !ast



• " prefx is a short word #artadded before a root to modify its

meaning• $ndicated by a dash after the

#re%&, such as pre-



• " s!x is a short word #art orseries of #arts added at the end

of a root to modify its meaning• $ndicated by a dash before the

su&, such as -itis'



Com"i#i#$ Form

• (oots shown with a combining !owelare called %om"i#i#$ &orms'



TheGreek

word )kardia

heart

(oot )cardi

The Latinword )

pulmo

lung

(oot ) pulm

Greekroot

ne#hr

the Latinroot ren

*sed inwords

#ertainingto

the kidney



• The root scler means +hard but may

also a##ly to the white of the eye'

• Cyst means +a %lled sac or #ouch

but also refers s#eci%cally to theurinary bladder'

•

-ou will sometimes ha!e to considerthe conte&t of a word beforeassigning its meaning'



• .om#ound words contain more thanone root' The words eyeball, bedpan,

frostbite, and wheelchair aree&am#les'

•

Some com#ound medical words arecardiovascular /#ertaining to theheart and blood !essels0, urogenital

/#ertaining to the urinary andre#roducti!e systems0, andlymphocyte /a white blood cell foundin the lym#hatic system0'



Word 1eri!ations

• Most medical word #arts come fromGreek /G0 and Latin /L0'

• 2or e&am#le, muscle comes from aLatin word that means +mousebecause the mo!ement of a muscleunder the skin was thought to

resemble the scam#ering of amouse'



• The coccy&, the tail end of thes#ine, is named for the cuckoo

because it was thought to resemblethe cuckoo3s bill'



• " !owel /a, e, i, o, u0 gets a short#ronunciation if it has no#ronunciation mark o!er it, such as) – a as in hat

– e as in met

– i as in bin

– o as in some – u as in run

'ro##%ia(io#



• " short line o!er the !owel gi!es it along #ronunciation)



• When #ronunciations are included ina te&t, it is sometimes dicult toknow which #ronunciation of a term

to use'• 4ronunciations may !ary from

country to country, e!en in di5erent

regions of the same country'



• The word gynecology is usually#ronounced with a hard g in the

*nited States, but in many areas asoft g is used, as in 6in7e789L7:76;'

• Words #ertaining to the cerebrum

/largest #art of the brain0 may ha!ean accent on di5erent syllables'

• The ad6ecti!e is usually #ronouncedwith the accent on the second syllable/se7(E7bral0, but in cerebrum /SE(7e7brum0 and cerebros#inal /ser7e7bro<7S4$<nal0, the accented syllable di5ers'



)o&( a#* Har* c a#* g

• " soft c, as in racer , will be written as s/RᾹ-ser 0'

• " hard c, as in candy , will be written as k/KAN-d0'

• " soft g, as in page, will be written as !/ p" !0'

• " hard g, as in grow, will be written as g

/gr#0'



Wor*s E#*i#$ I# x

• When a word ending in $ has a su&

added, the $ is changed to a g or a c'• 2or e&am#le, pharyn$ /throat0 becomes pharyngeal /fa-R%N-!-al0, to mean+#ertaining to the throat=

• Coccy$ /terminal #ortion of the!ertebral column0 becomes coccygeal/kok-&%'--al0, to mean +#ertaining to

the coccy&=• (hora$ /chest0 becomes thoracotomy

/thor-a-K)(-#-me0 to mean +an incision

into the chest'



Su&es Beginning With rh

• When a su& beginning with rh isadded to a root, the r is doubled)

• hem>o /blood0 +r,a$e /burstingforth0 @ hemorrhage /a bursting forthof blood0

• men>o /menses0 +r,ea /Aow,

discharge0 @ menorrhea /menstrualAow0



4re%&

• " 4re%& is a short word #art

added before a word or wordroot to modify its meaning



Su&

• " su& is a word ending that modi%es

a root' " su& may indicate that theword is a noun or an ad6ecti!e andoften determines how the de%nition of

the word will begin'



oun Su&es



"d6ecti!e Su&es

medical terminology - kirim

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