mep fire protection rev

8/12/2019 MEP Fire Protection Rev

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Fire ProtectionSystem

An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization

www.ramtech-corp.com


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Possible Occurrences of Fire:

Fire can start when sufficient heat is produced and this heat can ignite the materials roundit. Possible sources of ignition may be:

SmokingNaked flamesGas, oil fired or electrical heatersHot works such as weldingFaulty electrical equipment or wiringHot surfaces friction caused by drive belts or loose bearingslighting equipment such as halogen lamps

Arson etc...



INTRODUCTION

Requirement of Fire Protection system

Fire protection is used as an insurance or foolproof security for not only

human lives but also for other MEP services against fire mishaps. When MEPservices such as Plumbing, Heating ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)duct work and Electrical systems are run parallel to one other in between falseceiling and slab level there is a chance of fire mishaps to occur. Hence fire-protection system reguired for the safety purpose, which can functionautomatically and there by giving maximum protection to MEP services.


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FIRE SUPPRESSION AGENT

1. WATER:Water is most common extinguishing agent because it has the ideal propertiesfor extinguishing the most common fires it is available in plenty and is cheap.

2. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2):carbon dioxide (CO2) is an effective extinguishing agent, as itreduces the oxygen content by dilution until support for combustion is not possible. It is used

for dousing electrical fires or other fires which cannot be put out with water. Being toxic,

central extinguishing systems using CO2 have need to be planned to ensure evacuation of

people in time before discharge of the gas in the effected area.

3. HALOGENATED AGENT(HALONS): halogenated extinguishing agent arehydrocarbons in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by atoms of fluorine,

chlorine, bromine or iodine. these substitutions result in compounds which are the both non-

inflammable and good extinguishers. Halons have been largely used for electrical and

computer rooms application.

4. FOAM: Fire-fighting foam is an aggregate of gas filled bubbles formed from aqueoussolution of specially formulated concentrated liquid-foaming agents. Air is the commonly used

gas but an inert gas may also be used for certain applications. Foam is produced by mixing the

foaming agent with water and then aerating and agitating it to form the bubbles. Foams are

effective extinguishing agent for oil fires, as they cut out oxygen,besides acting as cooling

agent.



INTRODUCTION


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FIRE SUPPRESSION AGENT

5. POWDER:A variety of dry chemical powers are used as extinguishing agents forputting out fires of complex nature, e.g., burning metals, chemicals, etc. Most

chemical powers act by forming a stickly residue over the fire on burning, which seals

it from oxygen, thus helping to extinguish the fire and preventing re-ignition.

6. SAND: Sand which is commonly available, is an excellent suppression agentwhich acts by smothering an incipient fire. It is particularly useful for electrical and

petroleum fires.

TYPES OF FIRES:

Class A: Organic materials (wood, paper, cloth, plastic, etc,)

Class B: Flammable liquids (petrol, paints, solvents)

Class C: Flammable gases (LPG, acetylene)

Class D: Combustible metals (Mg, Na, K)

Class E: Electrical fires, motors and switch gear.

INTRODUCTION


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Fire

Detected Not detected for

some time

Automatically

Dect/spk

Manually/Visually

Alarm raised Ignored/

delayed

Fire well

developed

Local action

Check fire condition Fire detected

Inform fire

brigade

No fire False alarm

Doused locally

Activate Suppression System

Automatic FF.

Operation

Manual of

operation

Internal /external

Hydrants & hosesHose reels

Fire

Extinguishers

Sand / water

Buckets

Sprinkler/halon/co2

System activated

Fire condition

End of operation

Fire brigade Take overNoExtinguishedyes


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INTRODUCTION

Fire Protection Systems: There are three types:

1. Fire Extinguishers:Fire extinguishers are hand-operated appliances which canbe operated by untrained persons to douse a fire. A fire may have different source of

fuels. Use of an incorrect type of fire extinguisher on an unknown source of fuel may

aggravate the fire and may actually harm the person using it and assist in spreading

the fire rather than extinguishing it.

2. Hydrant System:

a) Dry Risers: Dry risers, so called because they contain no water in the pipes, are

installed within a building and provided with a landing valve in the staircase lobby. The

riser terminates at the street level in the form of a fire brigade connection. The

connection enable the fire-brigade to connect the fire-brigade connection either to a

street fire-hydrant directly or to a fire-brigade pump and charge the dry riser with

water.

b) Wet Risers: Wet risers are fixed pipe-installations, installed within a building and

permanently charged with water under pressure from a reliable water supply source.


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3. Automatic Sprinklers System: Automatic sprinklers are devices for spraying

water uniformly over fire either to extinguish it entirely or to prevent it from

spreading. The system consists of a set of pipes suspended from a ceiling, with

sprinkler heads fixed at intervals along the pipe. The sprinkler head is a

temperature-sensitive device and operates with a fusible link or glass bulb. In

case of a fire, the fusible link melts or the bulb bursts at a desired temperature,

allowing the water to be sprayed on the fire.

a) Deluge System: Deluge systems are a total-flooding systems which come in

operation with help of a single heat-sensing sprinkler installed on a set of pipes

having large number of nozzles which spray water simultaneously to flood the

area or equipment. Deluge systems are commonly used for protection of

electrical transformers and other high hazard areas where flooding not only

extinguishes the fire but also lower the temperature of combustion and provides

cooling effect.

b) Pre-Action System: Pre-action systems are similar to dry systems, except

that valves release water to the pipes before any sprinkler head has opened.

INTRODUCTION


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What is a Sprinkler?

When the material inside shed is under fire, temperature gets raises up topredetermined temperature in the respective area. The radiation causes theliquid inside the sprinkler bulb to expand and the bulb bursts throwing out waterunder pressurized condition which gets sprayed over the area under fire. Thesprayed water provides cooling effect to the burning material and in turnextinguishes the fire.

What is Riser?A riser is a pipe which extends vertically one full storey or more toconvey water to branches or group of fixtures.

What is Riser Nipple?A Riser Nipple is connected when there is sudden rise in elevations(levels) between Sprinkler main pipe & branch pipe.

What are Pipe Supports?Pipe Supports are used to Support pipes at specified intervals.

Typical representation of Pipe supports in Shop Floor drawing



DEFINATION


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DESIGN CRITERIA

Following are Design Codes & Standards for FireFighting System:

TAC Fire Protection Manual 1998 Edition.NFPA 14 Rules for Stand Pipe & Hose System.NFPA 13 Standard For Installation Of Sprinkler Systems.NFPA 231 Standard For General Storage.

TAC Manual Of Sprinkler System.NFPA 72 Standard For National Fire Alarm Code.NFPA 2001 Standard For Clean Agent Fire extinguishing System.

Spacing of sprinklers is determined on the basis of hazardclassification, exposure and the height at which it is installed. Water isapplied at a density measured in mm / min. Standards used by the tariff

advisory committee (TAC) of the insurance association of India for installingautomatic sprinklers given in table 13.2.


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Design Densities and Spacing of Sprinklers

Hazards

Design

density

(mm/min)

Assumed

max. area of

operation(sqm)

Max. area

covered

persprinkler

Maximum

distance

betweensprinklers

1. Extra Light Hazard

1.1 Non-industrial occupancy 2.25 84

where fire-load is low 17 9.2

a) Sidewall sprinklers 21 4.6

b) Other sprinklers

1.2 Areas like kitchen, boiler 5 84

room, attics, basements,

and storage areas where

fire-load is higher

1.3 Other sprinklers 9 3.7

2. Ordinary Hazard

2.1 Commercial and industrial 5 360

occupancies handling

and processing ordinary combustible

materials

a) Sidewall Sprinklers 9 7.4

b) Other sprinklers 12 4

3. Extra high hazards and other types of risks require special attention

according to TAC/code requirements.



DESIGN CRITERIA


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DESIGN CRITERIA


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DESIGN CRITERIA


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GENERAL NOTES

1. The distance between sprinkler to wall shall not exceed 2.3 mtr.

2. The distance between sprinkler deflector and the slab shall not exceed 300 mm.

3. Upright sprinklers shall be installed with frame arms parallel to the branch line.

4. The distance between an upright sprinkler and hanger shall not be less than 80 mm.

5. Hexagonal reducing bushes shall not be used for changing the size of pipe.

6. All pipe shall be to Astm a-53, sch.40 grade-b, galvanised seamless.

7. Threaded fittings shall be used for pipes up to 50 mm and grooved fittings for pipes 65

mm and above.

8. All tamper switches and water flow detectors shall be interfaced with fire alarm system

9. Piping shall be pitched to drain. (branches to be sloped 4mm/mtr. & mains by 2mm/mtr.)


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Under Ground

Water Tank

SCHEM TIC DI GR M OF OVER LLBUILDING FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

Main Supply from

City Line`

Water Transfer

Pumps

Main Supply Header to

Over Head tank


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Fire Protection ABBREVATIONS An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization



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Fire Protection ABBREVATIONS & SYMBOLS An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization



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Drawings fromconsultant

Arch. drawingsStructuraldrawings

Services designdrawings

Shop drawings(ISD Dwgs.)

MEP CoordinationDrawings

(CSD Dwgs.)

Builders workdrawings

As built drawings

Commentsupdated

Approved

Rejected

Approved

MaterialSubmittals

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FORFIRE FIGHTING SHOP DRAWING


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SHOP DRAWING PROCEDURE

DESCRIPTION:Shop drawings are also called as Detail drawings are used toguide the construction and Erection members. Complete shop drawings showthe levels, pipe sizes, setting out dimensions and typical details, sections beingco-ordinated with all services. Since the shop drawings are intended only for usein the shop, they generally contain little or no information about the erection andinstallation of the MEP members they depict.

The following are steps to be adopted while preparing the Fire fightingShop Drawing.

STEP1.PREPARE ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING:- Prepared the Architectural X-Refdrawings.

STEP 2.CONVERT DOUBLE LINE WITH FITTINGS:-Converting the single pipeline intodouble line pipe with fittings whose Dia are above 65mm.

STEP3ASSIGNED THE LEVELS:-Assign the levels after co-ordinating with structuraldrawings and other services drawings to all sp




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STEP 4.SETTING OUT DIMENSIONS & PIPE SUPPORTS:-Give the reference

dimension from gird or the wall whichever nearest to the fixtures,pipes and accessories. Provide the pipe supports to the pipe anddetails for support.

STEP 5.SECTION VIEWS:- Prepared the section at a critical area where thedensity of pipe work is more.

STEP 6.STANDARD DETAILS:- Show all the typical fixing details of differentfixtures and accessories.

STEP 7.TITLE SHEET WITH GENERAL NOTES:-Show all the general notes andlegends in the title block and a creating view port for the drawing as

per the required scale.




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SHOP DRAWING

Before starting the shop drawing refer all Input and materialsubmittals for the project.

1. Study the architectural, structural drawings for the FFL, beamdepths and architectural sections.

2. Study the Reflected ceiling plan (RCP) drawing for the False ceilinglevel (FCL) and floor pattern drawings.

3. Study the Schematic riser diagram for Sanitary ,storm and Ventpipes.

4. Study all approved material submittals for example type of

fixture, pipe fitting, accessories and pipe support etc,.

5. Study clientsCAD standards, Legends.

6. Refer the Sample drawing given by client.

GUIDELINES TO PREPARE A SHOP DRAWING




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SHOP DRAWING

Client will provide the architectural drawing for each floor. Itcontains all information like room names & partitions, walls,columns, beams, door, windows etc., So create one archdrawing for reference purpose.

PREPARATION OF ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING

1. Delete unwanted text and dimensions.

2. Change text height as per shop drawing scale.

3. Change grid bubbles as per shop drawing scale.

4. Change all entities colour as 8.

5. Attach this Arch file as X-reference file for shop drawing.

PROCEDURE:



STEP 1:-


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SHOP DRAWING

SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR INPUT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING




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SHOP DRAWING

SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR OUTPUT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING




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SHOP DRAWING

1. Before starting the double line refer client specificationthey wants pipe sizes are Nominal diameter or Outerdiameter. If they are asking Outer diameter, refer belowtable.

CONVERSION OF DOUBLE LINE WITH FITTINGS

2. Start making the double lines for the pipes as per the sizesmentioned in the contract drawing.

3. Place the pipe fittings like 90, 45 degree elbows, Teeconnections etc., according to the nfpa standards. All fittingsas per approved client submittals.



STEP 2:-

SHOP DRAWING


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Number of Sprinklers on branch can be decided withrespect to Sprinkler pipe size as shown below:




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4. Reroute if necessary where ever clashes found with structures

columns and fittings are not inserted within that distance.

5. Avoid the Elbows and Yfittings in walls.

6. Show the flow direction as per schematic drawing.

7. After completion of the double line and fittings change the

layers and line type as per client CAD standards.



SHOP DRAWING


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SHOP DRAWING

STANDARD FIRE FIGHTING FITTINGS

O


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SHOP DRAWING

SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR INPUTFIRE FIGHTING DRAWING




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SHOP DRAWING

SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR OUTPUT DOUBLE LINE DRAWING




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BOTTOM OF PIPE:-The distance from the finished floor level(ffl) to thebottom of insulated pipe is bop. The Sprinkler pipes hangs between slaband false ceiling level with supporters. If is interference & fouling withduct or other equipment, in that case we use to bend the pipe as up &down, then follows the routing.

FOR CALCULATING THE BOP VALUE:-FFL of current floor______________(from arch. Layout) ssl & slabthickness of the above floor__________(from structural layout) falseceiling level must be greater than 2400mm from ffl.

Considering the false ceiling level Sprinkler pipesrunning 100mm apart.

Assigned the levels



STEP3:-

SHOP DRAWING


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Bottom of pipe must be given from the starting point that is from

riser to the till end of the water supply to fixtures and should begiven to all individual pipe lines.

For Example:let 65 pipe is running to the apartment from riserconsidering the bottom of level at starting point for hot water2850 mm and for cold water 2750 mm from finished floor level.

After some distance it reduces to 42 mm

Calculating the bop 65-42=23mm/2=11.5mmRounding it to 12 mm appx.

Means 42 mm hot water pipes bop 2850-12= 2838 mm from

finished floor level.

Similarly for 12 mm cold water 2750-12= 27385mm fromfinished floor level.



Assigned the levels

SHOP DRAWING

SHOP DRAWING


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STEP 3:- Assigned the levels

An ISO 9001:2000

SHOP DRAWING


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Give the reference dimension to the sprinkler to sprinkler, pipes and accessories from wall, gird,

Column or Beams, whichever nearest, for the installation of pipe and accessories etc. purpose.

STEP 4:-SETTING OUT DIMENSIONS:

SHOP DRAWING


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Pipe supports are generally provided for sprinklers pipe at an interval of 1 to 3 meters

distance or as per client requirement.



Pipe Support

STEP 4:-PIPE SUPPORTS

A ISO 9001 2000

SHOP DRAWING


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Typical Channel Support for every 3 meter & pipe support on vertical structure



Pipe hanger & Rod Details

An ISO 9001:2000Pi h & R d D t il

SHOP DRAWING


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Typical Clevis Hanger & C-Clamp Details used as Pipe Support

Pipe hanger & Rod Details

SHOP DRAWING An ISO 9001:2000


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SHOP DRAWING An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


STEP6:- STANDARD DETAILS

Classification of Sprinklers

Upright sprinklers

Pendent sprinklers

Sidewall sprinklers

Pendent & Upright sprinklers (combined)

The following are the main types of sprinklers available inFire Protection System:

Pendent type sprinklers were used basically beneath thefalse ceiling where as upright sprinklers and sidewallsprinklers are used in parking areas.



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SHOP DRAWING An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


Standard detail Upright Sprinkler



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Standard detail Pendent Sprinkler

An ISO 9001:2000SHOP DRAWING


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Pendent Sprinkler



An ISO 9001:2000

SHOP DRAWING


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Pendent Sprinkler Certified Organization


An ISO 9001:2000

SHOP DRAWING


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Pendent & Upright sprinklers (combined) Certified Organization


An ISO 9001:2000

SHOP DRAWING


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This is how Sprinkler Main Pipe and Branch Pipe areconnected by Riser Nipple:

SPRINKLER HEAD

NIPPLE

SPRINKLER MAIN PIPE

PENDANT TYPE

BRANCH PIPE

Certified Organization


An ISO 9001:2000C tifi d O i ti

SHOP DRAWING


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The Riser Nipple size with respect to Number ofsprinklers can be found from following table:



PIPE

SIZE

BHS

AREA

OTHER

AREA

25

32

40

50

65

80 11

ABOVE

21

ABOVE

1 2

2 3

3 4-5

4-8 6-10

9-10 11-20

Gas Extinguishing SystemAn ISO 9001:2000Ce tified O gani ation

SHOP DRAWING


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Typical FM-200 System used in FireProtection System by using FM-200 Gas

Gas Extinguishing System Certified Organization


Some special premises, e.g. server rooms, were equipped with gasextinguishing system in addition to the sprinkler system according to thespecial instructions of the premises.


SHOP DRAWING


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FLEXIBLE PIPE CONNECTOR / EXPANSION JOINT



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P & I diagram of FM-200 container



Fire Extinguisher An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


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Fire Extinguishers are represented in the following manner in shop floor drawing:



Fire Extinguisher is used to destroy or minimize fire by using Carbon Dioxide, DryPowder or film foam Extinguishing compound.

CO2 extinguishers are selected typically for spaces where the aim is to prevent damagecaused by the extinguishing compound itself.

Dry powder and film foam extinguishers were designed for premises where there is alarge potential fire load and where the damage by the extinguishing compound wouldnot be significant.

Fire Hose reelAn ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


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Fire Hose Reel was installed for area with high fire load

(warehouses & production areas). Hose reel was mountedinside a wall/column mounted M.S. Box.

Fire Hose reel Certified Organization


Deluge System An ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


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Deluge System is generally used near electrical equipment such as cable traysetc., where fire protection is required.

g



SEE BELOW SAMPLE SHOP DRAWING FOR FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT:

SHOP DRAWING


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DATAILS

TITLE BLOCK

KEY PLAN

REF DWG. NOS.

LEGENDS

GENERALNOTES

SEE BELOW SAMPLE SHOP DRAWING FOR FIRE FIGHTING LAYOUT:

PLAN

An ISO 9001:2000Certified OrganizationSHOP DRAWING


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VIEW PORT CREATION

Scaling is used to depict objects on paper that are either larger or smaller than

the paper. Creation of view port is done in Paper space. Generally shopdrawings in 1:50 scale and sections are 1:25 scale. View port is create byusing the command MVIEW.

TITLE BLOCK UPDATING

Title block is provided by client as required size (A0, A1, A2 A4). Generally thetitle block details are...

Notes:Show the any specific notes in the Notes column related to thisshop drawing. See below snap shot.

NOTES:



SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR OUTPUT PLAN:

SHOP DRAWING


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PLAN

SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR OUTPUT PLAN:



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SEE BELOW SCREEN SHOT FOR OUTPUT DATAILS:

DATAILS



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REF. DWG. NOS.: Update the Reference Drawing Nos. what ever thedrawings are referred while preparing this shop drawing I.e. Architectural,

structural, schematic, design drawing.. See below snap shot

.

KEY PLAN:Hatching the location in key plan, the area is covered in thissheet.



SHOP DRAWING


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DRAWING TITLE:Update the Drawing Title information I.e. Floor, Level,service, Drawn By, Checked By, Approved By, Revision, Drawing Scale and

Drawing No... See below snap shot.


SHOP DRAWING

FIRE FIGHTING PIPE MATERIALSAn ISO 9001:2000Certified Organization


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Fi H C bi t



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Fire Hose cabinet shown like this in input drawing:

Fire Hose Cabinet




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Fire Hose cabinet shown like this in output drawing:


Typical Sectional Details ofFire Fighting System



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Fire Fighting System

FIRE FIGHTING DETAIL - FOR SETTING OF PIPE ELEVATION

(BRANCH PIPE PASSING BELOW BEAM)

(APPLICABLE ONLY IN AREAS WHERE BOTTOM OF BEAM CLOSE TO CEILING)




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(BRANCH PIPE PASSING BELOW BEAM)





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(AREAS WITHOUT CABLE TRAY)





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CABLE TRAY INSTALLED 300mm BELOW SOFFIT OF SLAB)





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(CABLE TRAY INSTALLED AT DIFFERENT LEVEL) - MORE THAN 300mm BELOW SOFFIT OF SLAB)



mep fire protection rev

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